Differential DNA methylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in adolescents exposed to significant early but not later childhood adversity / Elisa A. ESPOSITO in Development and Psychopathology, 28-4 pt2 (November 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 28-4 pt2 (November 2016) . - p.1385-1399 Titre : Differential DNA methylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in adolescents exposed to significant early but not later childhood adversity Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Elisa A. ESPOSITO, Auteur ; Meaghan J. JONES, Auteur ; Jenalee R. DOOM, Auteur ; Julia L. MACISAAC, Auteur ; Megan R. GUNNAR, Auteur ; Michael S. KOBOR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1385-1399 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Internationally adopted adolescents who are adopted as young children from conditions of poverty and deprivation have poorer physical and mental health outcomes than do adolescents conceived, born, and raised in the United States by families similar to those who adopt internationally. Using a sample of Russian and Eastern European adoptees to control for Caucasian race and US birth, and nonadopted offspring of well-educated and well-resourced parents to control for postadoption conditions, we hypothesized that the important differences in environments, conception to adoption, might be reflected in epigenetic patterns between groups, specifically in DNA methylation. Thus, we conducted an epigenome-wide association study to compare DNA methylation profiles at approximately 416,000 individual CpG loci from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 50 adopted youth and 33 nonadopted youth. Adopted youth averaged 22 months at adoption, and both groups averaged 15 years at testing; thus, roughly 80% of their lives were lived in similar circumstances. Although concurrent physical health did not differ, cell-type composition predicted using the DNA methylation data revealed a striking difference in the white blood cell-type composition of the adopted and nonadopted youth. After correcting for cell type and removing invariant probes, 30 CpG sites in 19 genes were more methylated in the adopted group. We also used an exploratory functional analysis that revealed that 223 gene ontology terms, clustered in neural and developmental categories, were significantly enriched between groups. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579416000055 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=294 [article] Differential DNA methylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in adolescents exposed to significant early but not later childhood adversity [texte imprimé] / Elisa A. ESPOSITO, Auteur ; Meaghan J. JONES, Auteur ; Jenalee R. DOOM, Auteur ; Julia L. MACISAAC, Auteur ; Megan R. GUNNAR, Auteur ; Michael S. KOBOR, Auteur . - p.1385-1399. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 28-4 pt2 (November 2016) . - p.1385-1399 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Internationally adopted adolescents who are adopted as young children from conditions of poverty and deprivation have poorer physical and mental health outcomes than do adolescents conceived, born, and raised in the United States by families similar to those who adopt internationally. Using a sample of Russian and Eastern European adoptees to control for Caucasian race and US birth, and nonadopted offspring of well-educated and well-resourced parents to control for postadoption conditions, we hypothesized that the important differences in environments, conception to adoption, might be reflected in epigenetic patterns between groups, specifically in DNA methylation. Thus, we conducted an epigenome-wide association study to compare DNA methylation profiles at approximately 416,000 individual CpG loci from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 50 adopted youth and 33 nonadopted youth. Adopted youth averaged 22 months at adoption, and both groups averaged 15 years at testing; thus, roughly 80% of their lives were lived in similar circumstances. Although concurrent physical health did not differ, cell-type composition predicted using the DNA methylation data revealed a striking difference in the white blood cell-type composition of the adopted and nonadopted youth. After correcting for cell type and removing invariant probes, 30 CpG sites in 19 genes were more methylated in the adopted group. We also used an exploratory functional analysis that revealed that 223 gene ontology terms, clustered in neural and developmental categories, were significantly enriched between groups. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579416000055 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=294

Increased freezing and decreased positive affect in postinstitutionalized children / Sarah A. STELLERN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-1 (January 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.88-95 Titre : Increased freezing and decreased positive affect in postinstitutionalized children Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sarah A. STELLERN, Auteur ; Elisa A. ESPOSITO, Auteur ; Shanna B. MLINER, Auteur ; Katherine C. PEARS, Auteur ; Megan R. GUNNAR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.88-95 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Deprivation  neglect  fear  positive affect  international adoption  institutional care Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Early neglect is associated with increased risk of internalizing disorders in humans and with increased fear behavior in animals. When children are adopted out of orphanages in which they experienced institutional neglect, anxiety and depressive disorders often are not seen until adolescence. What has not been examined is whether even young children adopted from institutional care exhibit heightened fear or behavioral inhibition. Method Children adopted between 15 and 35 months from institutional care were examined twice during their first year postadoption and compared with children of the same age reared in their birth families. A modified version of the Laboratory Temperament Assessment Battery for Preschoolers was used with the children being exposed to two mechanical toys designed to be highly arousing and fear eliciting. Because children in institutions tend to exhibit low levels of positive affect, the children were also examined during exposure to two positive stimuli. Sessions were videotaped and coded by observers blind to the study purpose. Results Postinstitutionalized children froze more in fear vignettes and were less positive in both fear and positive vignettes than nonadopted children. Group differences did notdiminish significantly from the first session to the next, 6 months later. Conclusions Children exposed to early institutional neglect exhibit emotional biases that are consistent with their previously demonstrated risk for the development of internalizing disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12123 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220 [article] Increased freezing and decreased positive affect in postinstitutionalized children [texte imprimé] / Sarah A. STELLERN, Auteur ; Elisa A. ESPOSITO, Auteur ; Shanna B. MLINER, Auteur ; Katherine C. PEARS, Auteur ; Megan R. GUNNAR, Auteur . - p.88-95. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-1 (January 2014) . - p.88-95 Mots-clés : Deprivation  neglect  fear  positive affect  international adoption  institutional care Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Early neglect is associated with increased risk of internalizing disorders in humans and with increased fear behavior in animals. When children are adopted out of orphanages in which they experienced institutional neglect, anxiety and depressive disorders often are not seen until adolescence. What has not been examined is whether even young children adopted from institutional care exhibit heightened fear or behavioral inhibition. Method Children adopted between 15 and 35 months from institutional care were examined twice during their first year postadoption and compared with children of the same age reared in their birth families. A modified version of the Laboratory Temperament Assessment Battery for Preschoolers was used with the children being exposed to two mechanical toys designed to be highly arousing and fear eliciting. Because children in institutions tend to exhibit low levels of positive affect, the children were also examined during exposure to two positive stimuli. Sessions were videotaped and coded by observers blind to the study purpose. Results Postinstitutionalized children froze more in fear vignettes and were less positive in both fear and positive vignettes than nonadopted children. Group differences did notdiminish significantly from the first session to the next, 6 months later. Conclusions Children exposed to early institutional neglect exhibit emotional biases that are consistent with their previously demonstrated risk for the development of internalizing disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12123 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=220

A Preliminary, Randomized-Controlled Trial of Mindfulness and Game-Based Executive Function Trainings to Promote Self-Regulation in Internationally-Adopted Children / Jamie M. LAWLER in Development and Psychopathology, 31-4 (October 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 31-4 (October 2019) . - p.1513-1525 Titre : A Preliminary, Randomized-Controlled Trial of Mindfulness and Game-Based Executive Function Trainings to Promote Self-Regulation in Internationally-Adopted Children Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jamie M. LAWLER, Auteur ; Elisa A. ESPOSITO, Auteur ; Colleen M. DOYLE, Auteur ; Megan R. GUNNAR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1513-1525 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adoption  attention  executive function  mindfulness  self-regulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although many children adopted internationally show remarkable recovery once placed in families, as a group they continue to exhibit persisting developmental deficits and delays in self-regulation. The current study uses a stratified, randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the effects of mindfulness-based and executive function trainings (EFTs) on internationally adopted (IA) children's self-regulation, including effortful/inhibitory control, attention, delay of gratification, and emotion-regulation. IA children ages 6-10 years were randomized into mindfulness training (MT), EFT, or no intervention (NI) groups. The MT and EFT groups attended 12 one-hour group sessions. Ninety-six children (MT, n = 33; EFT, n = 32; NI, n = 31) completed the study and were tested on computerized and non-computerized measures of self-regulation. Compared with the NI group, the MT group improved delay of gratification, and the EFT group improved inhibitory control and selective attention. There was no effect of either intervention on emotion regulation. MTs and EFTs show promise for improving self-regulation in IA children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579418001190 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=406 [article] A Preliminary, Randomized-Controlled Trial of Mindfulness and Game-Based Executive Function Trainings to Promote Self-Regulation in Internationally-Adopted Children [texte imprimé] / Jamie M. LAWLER, Auteur ; Elisa A. ESPOSITO, Auteur ; Colleen M. DOYLE, Auteur ; Megan R. GUNNAR, Auteur . - p.1513-1525. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 31-4 (October 2019) . - p.1513-1525 Mots-clés : adoption  attention  executive function  mindfulness  self-regulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although many children adopted internationally show remarkable recovery once placed in families, as a group they continue to exhibit persisting developmental deficits and delays in self-regulation. The current study uses a stratified, randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the effects of mindfulness-based and executive function trainings (EFTs) on internationally adopted (IA) children's self-regulation, including effortful/inhibitory control, attention, delay of gratification, and emotion-regulation. IA children ages 6-10 years were randomized into mindfulness training (MT), EFT, or no intervention (NI) groups. The MT and EFT groups attended 12 one-hour group sessions. Ninety-six children (MT, n = 33; EFT, n = 32; NI, n = 31) completed the study and were tested on computerized and non-computerized measures of self-regulation. Compared with the NI group, the MT group improved delay of gratification, and the EFT group improved inhibitory control and selective attention. There was no effect of either intervention on emotion regulation. MTs and EFTs show promise for improving self-regulation in IA children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579418001190 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=406

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