18 recherche sur le mot-clé 'neglect'

Annual Research Review: Enduring neurobiological effects of childhood abuse and neglect / Martin H. TEICHER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-3 (March 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-3 (March 2016) . - p.241-266 Titre : Annual Research Review: Enduring neurobiological effects of childhood abuse and neglect Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Martin H. TEICHER, Auteur ; Jacqueline A. SAMSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.241-266 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child abuse  neglect  neuroimaging  resilience  stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Childhood maltreatment is the most important preventable cause of psychopathology accounting for about 45% of the population attributable risk for childhood onset psychiatric disorders. A key breakthrough has been the discovery that maltreatment alters trajectories of brain development. Methods This review aims to synthesize neuroimaging findings in children who experienced caregiver neglect as well as from studies in children, adolescents and adults who experienced physical, sexual and emotional abuse. In doing so, we provide preliminary answers to questions regarding the importance of type and timing of exposure, gender differences, reversibility and the relationship between brain changes and psychopathology. We also discuss whether these changes represent adaptive modifications or stress-induced damage. Results Parental verbal abuse, witnessing domestic violence and sexual abuse appear to specifically target brain regions (auditory, visual and somatosensory cortex) and pathways that process and convey the aversive experience. Maltreatment is associated with reliable morphological alterations in anterior cingulate, dorsal lateral prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortex, corpus callosum and adult hippocampus, and with enhanced amygdala response to emotional faces and diminished striatal response to anticipated rewards. Evidence is emerging that these regions and interconnecting pathways have sensitive exposure periods when they are most vulnerable. Conclusions Early deprivation and later abuse may have opposite effects on amygdala volume. Structural and functional abnormalities initially attributed to psychiatric illness may be a more direct consequence of abuse. Childhood maltreatment exerts a prepotent influence on brain development and has been an unrecognized confound in almost all psychiatric neuroimaging studies. These brain changes may be best understood as adaptive responses to facilitate survival and reproduction in the face of adversity. Their relationship to psychopathology is complex as they are discernible in both susceptible and resilient individuals with maltreatment histories. Mechanisms fostering resilience will need to be a primary focus of future studies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12507 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=282 [article] Annual Research Review: Enduring neurobiological effects of childhood abuse and neglect [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Martin H. TEICHER, Auteur ; Jacqueline A. SAMSON, Auteur . - p.241-266. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-3 (March 2016) . - p.241-266 Mots-clés : Child abuse  neglect  neuroimaging  resilience  stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Childhood maltreatment is the most important preventable cause of psychopathology accounting for about 45% of the population attributable risk for childhood onset psychiatric disorders. A key breakthrough has been the discovery that maltreatment alters trajectories of brain development. Methods This review aims to synthesize neuroimaging findings in children who experienced caregiver neglect as well as from studies in children, adolescents and adults who experienced physical, sexual and emotional abuse. In doing so, we provide preliminary answers to questions regarding the importance of type and timing of exposure, gender differences, reversibility and the relationship between brain changes and psychopathology. We also discuss whether these changes represent adaptive modifications or stress-induced damage. Results Parental verbal abuse, witnessing domestic violence and sexual abuse appear to specifically target brain regions (auditory, visual and somatosensory cortex) and pathways that process and convey the aversive experience. Maltreatment is associated with reliable morphological alterations in anterior cingulate, dorsal lateral prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortex, corpus callosum and adult hippocampus, and with enhanced amygdala response to emotional faces and diminished striatal response to anticipated rewards. Evidence is emerging that these regions and interconnecting pathways have sensitive exposure periods when they are most vulnerable. Conclusions Early deprivation and later abuse may have opposite effects on amygdala volume. Structural and functional abnormalities initially attributed to psychiatric illness may be a more direct consequence of abuse. Childhood maltreatment exerts a prepotent influence on brain development and has been an unrecognized confound in almost all psychiatric neuroimaging studies. These brain changes may be best understood as adaptive responses to facilitate survival and reproduction in the face of adversity. Their relationship to psychopathology is complex as they are discernible in both susceptible and resilient individuals with maltreatment histories. Mechanisms fostering resilience will need to be a primary focus of future studies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12507 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=282

Child Abuse and Neglect and the Brain—A Review / Danya GLASER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 41-1 (January 2000)

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 41-1 (January 2000) . - p.97-116 Titre : Child Abuse and Neglect and the Brain—A Review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Danya GLASER, Auteur Année de publication : 2000 Article en page(s) : p.97-116 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attachment  brain development  child abuse  neglect  neurobiology  stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Developmental psychology and the study of behaviour and emotion have tended to be considered in parallel to the study of neurobiological processes. This review explores the effects of child abuse and neglect on the brain, excluding nonaccidental injury that causes gross physical trauma to the brain. It commences with a background summary of the nature, context, and some deleterious effects of omission and commission within child maltreatment. There is no post-maltreatment syndrome, outcomes varying with many factors including nature, duration, and interpersonal context of the maltreatment as well as the nature of later intervention. There then follows a section on environmental influences on brain development, demonstrating the dependence of the orderly process of neurodevelopment on the child's environment. Ontogenesis, or the development of the self through self-determination, proceeds in the context of the nature-nurture interaction. As a prelude to reviewing the neurobiology of child abuse and neglect, the next section is concerned with bridging the mind and the brain. Here, neurobiological processes, including cellular, biochemical, and neurophysiological processes, are examined alongside their behavioural, cognitive, and emotional equivalents and vice versa. Child maltreatment is a potent source of stress and the stress response is therefore discussed in some detail. Evidence is outlined for the buffering effects of a secure attachment on the stress response. The section dealing with actual effects on the brain of child abuse and neglect discusses manifestations of the stress response including dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and parasympathetic and catecholamine responses. Recent evidence about reduction in brain volume following child abuse and neglect is also outlined. Some biochemical, functional, and structural changes in the brain that are not reflections of the stress response are observed following child maltreatment. The mechanisms bringing about these changes are less clearly understood and may well be related to early and more chronic abuse and neglect affecting the process of brain development. The behavioural and emotional concomitants of their neurobiological manifestations are discussed. The importance of early intervention and attention to the chronicity of environmental adversity may indicate the need for permanent alternative caregivers, in order to preserve the development of the most vulnerable children. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=125 [article] Child Abuse and Neglect and the Brain—A Review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Danya GLASER, Auteur . - 2000 . - p.97-116. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 41-1 (January 2000) . - p.97-116 Mots-clés : Attachment  brain development  child abuse  neglect  neurobiology  stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Developmental psychology and the study of behaviour and emotion have tended to be considered in parallel to the study of neurobiological processes. This review explores the effects of child abuse and neglect on the brain, excluding nonaccidental injury that causes gross physical trauma to the brain. It commences with a background summary of the nature, context, and some deleterious effects of omission and commission within child maltreatment. There is no post-maltreatment syndrome, outcomes varying with many factors including nature, duration, and interpersonal context of the maltreatment as well as the nature of later intervention. There then follows a section on environmental influences on brain development, demonstrating the dependence of the orderly process of neurodevelopment on the child's environment. Ontogenesis, or the development of the self through self-determination, proceeds in the context of the nature-nurture interaction. As a prelude to reviewing the neurobiology of child abuse and neglect, the next section is concerned with bridging the mind and the brain. Here, neurobiological processes, including cellular, biochemical, and neurophysiological processes, are examined alongside their behavioural, cognitive, and emotional equivalents and vice versa. Child maltreatment is a potent source of stress and the stress response is therefore discussed in some detail. Evidence is outlined for the buffering effects of a secure attachment on the stress response. The section dealing with actual effects on the brain of child abuse and neglect discusses manifestations of the stress response including dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and parasympathetic and catecholamine responses. Recent evidence about reduction in brain volume following child abuse and neglect is also outlined. Some biochemical, functional, and structural changes in the brain that are not reflections of the stress response are observed following child maltreatment. The mechanisms bringing about these changes are less clearly understood and may well be related to early and more chronic abuse and neglect affecting the process of brain development. The behavioural and emotional concomitants of their neurobiological manifestations are discussed. The importance of early intervention and attention to the chronicity of environmental adversity may indicate the need for permanent alternative caregivers, in order to preserve the development of the most vulnerable children. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=125

Emotional maltreatment and neglect impact neural activation upon exclusion in early and mid-adolescence: An event-related fMRI study / Charlotte C. SCHULZ in Development and Psychopathology, 34-2 (May 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 34-2 (May 2022) . - 573-585 Titre : Emotional maltreatment and neglect impact neural activation upon exclusion in early and mid-adolescence: An event-related fMRI study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Charlotte C. SCHULZ, Auteur ; Kai VON KLITZING, Auteur ; Lorenz DESERNO, Auteur ; Margaret A. SHERIDAN, Auteur ; Michael J. CROWLEY, Auteur ; Margerete J. S. SCHOETT, Auteur ; Ferdinand HOFFMANN, Auteur ; Arno VILLRINGER, Auteur ; Pascal VRTI?KA, Auteur ; Lars O. WHITE, Auteur Article en page(s) : 573-585 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescence  emotional maltreatment  neglect  fMRI  social exclusion Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Child maltreatment gives rise to atypical patterns of social functioning with peers which might be particularly pronounced in early adolescence when peer influence typically peaks. Yet, few neuroimaging studies in adolescents use peer interaction paradigms to parse neural correlates of distinct maltreatment exposures. This fMRI study examines effects of abuse, neglect, and emotional maltreatment (EM) among 98 youth (n = 58 maltreated; n = 40 matched controls) using an event-related Cyberball paradigm affording assessment of both social exclusion and inclusion across early and mid-adolescence (?13.5 years, n = 50; >13.5 years, n = 48). Younger adolescents showed increased activation to social exclusion versus inclusion in regions implicated in mentalizing (e.g., superior temporal gyrus). Individual exposure-specific analyses suggested that neglect and EM coincided with less reduction of activation to social exclusion relative to inclusion in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex/pre-supplementary motor area (dACC/pre-SMA) among younger versus older adolescents. Integrative follow-up analyses showed that EM accounted for this dACC/pre-SMA activation pattern over and above other exposures. Moreover, age-independent results within respective exposure groups revealed that greater magnitude of neglect predicted blunted exclusion-related activity in the parahippocampal gyrus, while EM predicted increased activation to social exclusion in the precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579421001681 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=474 [article] Emotional maltreatment and neglect impact neural activation upon exclusion in early and mid-adolescence: An event-related fMRI study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Charlotte C. SCHULZ, Auteur ; Kai VON KLITZING, Auteur ; Lorenz DESERNO, Auteur ; Margaret A. SHERIDAN, Auteur ; Michael J. CROWLEY, Auteur ; Margerete J. S. SCHOETT, Auteur ; Ferdinand HOFFMANN, Auteur ; Arno VILLRINGER, Auteur ; Pascal VRTI?KA, Auteur ; Lars O. WHITE, Auteur . - 573-585. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 34-2 (May 2022) . - 573-585 Mots-clés : adolescence  emotional maltreatment  neglect  fMRI  social exclusion Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Child maltreatment gives rise to atypical patterns of social functioning with peers which might be particularly pronounced in early adolescence when peer influence typically peaks. Yet, few neuroimaging studies in adolescents use peer interaction paradigms to parse neural correlates of distinct maltreatment exposures. This fMRI study examines effects of abuse, neglect, and emotional maltreatment (EM) among 98 youth (n = 58 maltreated; n = 40 matched controls) using an event-related Cyberball paradigm affording assessment of both social exclusion and inclusion across early and mid-adolescence (?13.5 years, n = 50; >13.5 years, n = 48). Younger adolescents showed increased activation to social exclusion versus inclusion in regions implicated in mentalizing (e.g., superior temporal gyrus). Individual exposure-specific analyses suggested that neglect and EM coincided with less reduction of activation to social exclusion relative to inclusion in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex/pre-supplementary motor area (dACC/pre-SMA) among younger versus older adolescents. Integrative follow-up analyses showed that EM accounted for this dACC/pre-SMA activation pattern over and above other exposures. Moreover, age-independent results within respective exposure groups revealed that greater magnitude of neglect predicted blunted exclusion-related activity in the parahippocampal gyrus, while EM predicted increased activation to social exclusion in the precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579421001681 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=474

Alexithymia in individuals maltreated as children and adolescents: a meta-analysis / Anika N. KHAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.963-972 Titre : Alexithymia in individuals maltreated as children and adolescents: a meta-analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anika N. KHAN, Auteur ; Sara R. JAFFEE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.963-972 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Affective Symptoms/epidemiology  Child  Child Abuse/psychology  Emotions  Female  Humans  Mental Disorders  Psychopathology  Childhood maltreatment  abuse  alexithymia  meta-analysis  neglect Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Children who are maltreated show deficits in emotion recognition, expression, and understanding. The goal of the current meta-analysis was to determine the degree to which maltreatment is associated with deficits in the ability to recognize one's own emotions - a phenomenon known as alexithymia. Alexithymia may be a mechanism explaining the association between childhood maltreatment and various psychological disorders. METHODS: This meta-analytic review (88 studies, n=43,076) examined the association between the experience of childhood maltreatment and alexithymia, mainly in adulthood. Additional meta-analyses were run to examine if the strength of the association between maltreatment as a child and alexithymia varied as a function of the type of maltreatment individuals reported and other moderators. RESULTS: We found significant small effect sizes for all models, indicating higher levels of maltreatment in childhood or adolescence were associated with higher levels of alexithymia. Alexithymia was more strongly associated with forms of neglect than with physical or sexual abuse. The effect sizes also increased as the percentages of females in the sample increased. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that researchers should examine whether alexithymia is a transdiagnostic mechanism in the association between childhood maltreatment and psychopathology and whether targeting alexithymia in treatment could reduce a wide range of symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13616 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 [article] Alexithymia in individuals maltreated as children and adolescents: a meta-analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anika N. KHAN, Auteur ; Sara R. JAFFEE, Auteur . - p.963-972. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.963-972 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Affective Symptoms/epidemiology  Child  Child Abuse/psychology  Emotions  Female  Humans  Mental Disorders  Psychopathology  Childhood maltreatment  abuse  alexithymia  meta-analysis  neglect Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Children who are maltreated show deficits in emotion recognition, expression, and understanding. The goal of the current meta-analysis was to determine the degree to which maltreatment is associated with deficits in the ability to recognize one's own emotions - a phenomenon known as alexithymia. Alexithymia may be a mechanism explaining the association between childhood maltreatment and various psychological disorders. METHODS: This meta-analytic review (88 studies, n=43,076) examined the association between the experience of childhood maltreatment and alexithymia, mainly in adulthood. Additional meta-analyses were run to examine if the strength of the association between maltreatment as a child and alexithymia varied as a function of the type of maltreatment individuals reported and other moderators. RESULTS: We found significant small effect sizes for all models, indicating higher levels of maltreatment in childhood or adolescence were associated with higher levels of alexithymia. Alexithymia was more strongly associated with forms of neglect than with physical or sexual abuse. The effect sizes also increased as the percentages of females in the sample increased. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that researchers should examine whether alexithymia is a transdiagnostic mechanism in the association between childhood maltreatment and psychopathology and whether targeting alexithymia in treatment could reduce a wide range of symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13616 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486

Commentary: The devastating effects of ignoring child maltreatment in psychiatry – a commentary on Teicher and Samson 2016 / Bessel VAN DER KOLK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-3 (March 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-3 (March 2016) . - p.267-270 Titre : Commentary: The devastating effects of ignoring child maltreatment in psychiatry – a commentary on Teicher and Samson 2016 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Bessel VAN DER KOLK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.267-270 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Neglect  child abuse Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite the numerous studies over the past 30 years that have clarified the devastating effects of child maltreatment on mental and physical health, the role of trauma within the caregiving system remains unrecognized both in our diagnostic systems and in our dominant treatment paradigms. Research of people with histories of caregiver abuse and neglect consistently demonstrates problems with concentration, anger, panic, depression, food intake, drugs, and sleep, as well as decreased Heart RateVariability, higher levels of stress hormones, and reduced or impaired immune response. Their relationship between documented brain changes and psychopathology is complex. Traumatic life experiences during childhood and adolescence are far more common than expected. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that child maltreatment may be the most costly public health issue in the United States, Eradicating child abuse in America would reduce the overall rate of depression by more than half, alcoholism by two-thirds, and suicide, serious drug abuse, and domestic violence by three quarters. It would also have a significantly positive effect on workplace performance, and vastly decrease the need for incarceration. The current practice of applying multiple distinct comorbid diagnoses to traumatized children prevents a comprehensive treatment approach. Approaching their problems from a framework of memories of discreet traumatic ignores the fact that the damage affects the brain's neural circuitry and goes well beyond dealing with discrete painful events. Our great challenge is to learn to utilize the brain's neuroplasticity to reorganize defective brain circuits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12540 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=282 [article] Commentary: The devastating effects of ignoring child maltreatment in psychiatry – a commentary on Teicher and Samson 2016 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Bessel VAN DER KOLK, Auteur . - p.267-270. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-3 (March 2016) . - p.267-270 Mots-clés : Neglect  child abuse Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite the numerous studies over the past 30 years that have clarified the devastating effects of child maltreatment on mental and physical health, the role of trauma within the caregiving system remains unrecognized both in our diagnostic systems and in our dominant treatment paradigms. Research of people with histories of caregiver abuse and neglect consistently demonstrates problems with concentration, anger, panic, depression, food intake, drugs, and sleep, as well as decreased Heart RateVariability, higher levels of stress hormones, and reduced or impaired immune response. Their relationship between documented brain changes and psychopathology is complex. Traumatic life experiences during childhood and adolescence are far more common than expected. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that child maltreatment may be the most costly public health issue in the United States, Eradicating child abuse in America would reduce the overall rate of depression by more than half, alcoholism by two-thirds, and suicide, serious drug abuse, and domestic violence by three quarters. It would also have a significantly positive effect on workplace performance, and vastly decrease the need for incarceration. The current practice of applying multiple distinct comorbid diagnoses to traumatized children prevents a comprehensive treatment approach. Approaching their problems from a framework of memories of discreet traumatic ignores the fact that the damage affects the brain's neural circuitry and goes well beyond dealing with discrete painful events. Our great challenge is to learn to utilize the brain's neuroplasticity to reorganize defective brain circuits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12540 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=282

Deprivation and threat, emotion dysregulation, and psychopathology: Concurrent and longitudinal associations / Helen M. MILOJEVICH in Development and Psychopathology, 31-3 (August 2019)  

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Do insecure adult attachment styles mediate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and violent behavior? / Cathy Spatz WIDOM in Development and Psychopathology, 36-2 (May 2024)  

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Increased freezing and decreased positive affect in postinstitutionalized children / Sarah A. STELLERN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-1 (January 2014)  

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The intergenerational transmission of childhood maltreatment: Nonspecificity of maltreatment type and associations with borderline personality pathology / Sarah E. PAUL in Development and Psychopathology, 31-3 (August 2019)  

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Understanding the prospective associations between neuro-developmental problems, bullying victimization, and mental health: Lessons from a longitudinal study of institutional deprivation / Jala RIZEQ in Development and Psychopathology, 36-1 (February 2024)  

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