Domestic violence events involving autism: a text mining study of police records in New South Wales, 2005-2016 / Ye In HWANG in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 78 (October 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 78 (October 2020) . - 101634 Titre : Domestic violence events involving autism: a text mining study of police records in New South Wales, 2005-2016 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ye In HWANG, Auteur ; Lidan ZHENG, Auteur ; George KARYSTIANIS, Auteur ; Vicki GIBBS, Auteur ; Kym SHARP, Auteur ; Tony BUTLER, Auteur Article en page(s) : 101634 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Domestic violence  family violence  victimisation  caregivers  relationships  text mining Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Recent research and high-profile media cases have suggested an association between autism spectrum disorder and violent behaviour. Whilst certain characteristics of autism may make individuals vulnerable to increased involvement with the police, either as a victim or person of interest, evidence regarding this is scant. The present study used a population-based dataset to describe the characteristics of domestic violence events involving autistic and non-autistic adults. Methods Text mining and descriptive statistics were applied to police-recorded data for 1,601 domestic violence events involving autism and 414,840 events not involving autism in the state of New South Wales, Australia from January 2005 to December 2016. Results The relationship between autistic victims and perpetrators was predominantly familial or carer whereas events not involving autism were predominantly involved intimate partners. Abuse types and injuries sustained were similar for both autistic and non-autistic events. The most common mental conditions present in autistic perpetrators were developmental conditions and intellectual disability, whilst non-autistic perpetrators most commonly reported psychoactive substance use or schizophrenia. Conclusions These results highlight the need to further understand the risk factors for strain and violence in relationships between autistic adults and their family members or carers, especially for those with comorbid behavioural developmental conditions. Given the uniqueness of domestic violence involving autism found in this study and the potentially unique nature of the circumstances surrounding these events, appropriate police awareness and training in relation to autism is needed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101634 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 [article] Domestic violence events involving autism: a text mining study of police records in New South Wales, 2005-2016 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ye In HWANG, Auteur ; Lidan ZHENG, Auteur ; George KARYSTIANIS, Auteur ; Vicki GIBBS, Auteur ; Kym SHARP, Auteur ; Tony BUTLER, Auteur . - 101634. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 78 (October 2020) . - 101634 Mots-clés : Domestic violence  family violence  victimisation  caregivers  relationships  text mining Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Recent research and high-profile media cases have suggested an association between autism spectrum disorder and violent behaviour. Whilst certain characteristics of autism may make individuals vulnerable to increased involvement with the police, either as a victim or person of interest, evidence regarding this is scant. The present study used a population-based dataset to describe the characteristics of domestic violence events involving autistic and non-autistic adults. Methods Text mining and descriptive statistics were applied to police-recorded data for 1,601 domestic violence events involving autism and 414,840 events not involving autism in the state of New South Wales, Australia from January 2005 to December 2016. Results The relationship between autistic victims and perpetrators was predominantly familial or carer whereas events not involving autism were predominantly involved intimate partners. Abuse types and injuries sustained were similar for both autistic and non-autistic events. The most common mental conditions present in autistic perpetrators were developmental conditions and intellectual disability, whilst non-autistic perpetrators most commonly reported psychoactive substance use or schizophrenia. Conclusions These results highlight the need to further understand the risk factors for strain and violence in relationships between autistic adults and their family members or carers, especially for those with comorbid behavioural developmental conditions. Given the uniqueness of domestic violence involving autism found in this study and the potentially unique nature of the circumstances surrounding these events, appropriate police awareness and training in relation to autism is needed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101634 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433

Experiences of Performing Daily Activities in Middle-Aged and Older Autistic Adults: A Qualitative Study / Ye In Jane HWANG in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 53-5 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 53-5 (May 2023) . - p.2037-2049 Titre : Experiences of Performing Daily Activities in Middle-Aged and Older Autistic Adults: A Qualitative Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ye In Jane HWANG, Auteur ; Kitty-Rose FOLEY, Auteur ; Kieran ELLEY, Auteur ; Scott BROWN, Auteur ; Dawn JOY-LEONG, Auteur ; Xue LI, Auteur ; Rachel GROVE, Auteur ; Julian TROLLOR, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur ; Lidan ZHENG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2037-2049 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This is the first study to investigate instrumental activities of daily living in older autistic adults. We conducted interviews with fifteen adults (mean age=60.1, SD=7.4, range=50-73) from Australia with no intellectual disability. Analysis included both deductive and inductive steps, to categorise responses using the Occupational Performance Model Australia and identify themes across participants' experiences. Strengths and challenges were unique to the individual, as were the methods they had developed to manage tasks. Challenges occurred mostly at the interaction between aspects of the environment (sensory, cognitive, social and cultural) and personal factors such as health conditions and sensory sensitivities. Enhanced person-environment fit is needed, as is a shift in wider sociocultural attitudes to enable comfort and autonomy in later life. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05473-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=501 [article] Experiences of Performing Daily Activities in Middle-Aged and Older Autistic Adults: A Qualitative Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ye In Jane HWANG, Auteur ; Kitty-Rose FOLEY, Auteur ; Kieran ELLEY, Auteur ; Scott BROWN, Auteur ; Dawn JOY-LEONG, Auteur ; Xue LI, Auteur ; Rachel GROVE, Auteur ; Julian TROLLOR, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur ; Lidan ZHENG, Auteur . - p.2037-2049. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 53-5 (May 2023) . - p.2037-2049 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This is the first study to investigate instrumental activities of daily living in older autistic adults. We conducted interviews with fifteen adults (mean age=60.1, SD=7.4, range=50-73) from Australia with no intellectual disability. Analysis included both deductive and inductive steps, to categorise responses using the Occupational Performance Model Australia and identify themes across participants' experiences. Strengths and challenges were unique to the individual, as were the methods they had developed to manage tasks. Challenges occurred mostly at the interaction between aspects of the environment (sensory, cognitive, social and cultural) and personal factors such as health conditions and sensory sensitivities. Enhanced person-environment fit is needed, as is a shift in wider sociocultural attitudes to enable comfort and autonomy in later life. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05473-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=501

Exploring the Cognitive Foundations of the Shared Attention Mechanism: Evidence for a Relationship Between Self-Categorization and Shared Attention Across the Autism Spectrum / Daniel P. SKORICH in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-5 (May 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-5 (May 2017) . - p.1341-1353 Titre : Exploring the Cognitive Foundations of the Shared Attention Mechanism: Evidence for a Relationship Between Self-Categorization and Shared Attention Across the Autism Spectrum Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Daniel P. SKORICH, Auteur ; Tahlia B. GASH, Auteur ; Katie L. STALKER, Auteur ; Lidan ZHENG, Auteur ; S. Alexander HASLAM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1341-1353 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Shared attention  Self-categorization  Theory of mind  Weak central coherence  Categorization Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The social difficulties of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are typically explained as a disruption in the Shared Attention Mechanism (SAM) sub-component of the theory of mind (ToM) system. In the current paper, we explore the hypothesis that SAM’s capacity to construct the self-other-object relations necessary for shared-attention arises from a self-categorization process, which is weaker among those with more autistic-like traits. We present participants with self-categorization and shared-attention tasks, and measure their autism-spectrum quotient (AQ). Results reveal a negative relationship between AQ and shared-attention, via self-categorization, suggesting a role for self-categorization in the disruption in SAM seen in ASD. Implications for intervention, and for a ToM model in which weak central coherence plays a role are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3049-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305 [article] Exploring the Cognitive Foundations of the Shared Attention Mechanism: Evidence for a Relationship Between Self-Categorization and Shared Attention Across the Autism Spectrum [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Daniel P. SKORICH, Auteur ; Tahlia B. GASH, Auteur ; Katie L. STALKER, Auteur ; Lidan ZHENG, Auteur ; S. Alexander HASLAM, Auteur . - p.1341-1353. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-5 (May 2017) . - p.1341-1353 Mots-clés : Shared attention  Self-categorization  Theory of mind  Weak central coherence  Categorization Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The social difficulties of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are typically explained as a disruption in the Shared Attention Mechanism (SAM) sub-component of the theory of mind (ToM) system. In the current paper, we explore the hypothesis that SAM’s capacity to construct the self-other-object relations necessary for shared-attention arises from a self-categorization process, which is weaker among those with more autistic-like traits. We present participants with self-categorization and shared-attention tasks, and measure their autism-spectrum quotient (AQ). Results reveal a negative relationship between AQ and shared-attention, via self-categorization, suggesting a role for self-categorization in the disruption in SAM seen in ASD. Implications for intervention, and for a ToM model in which weak central coherence plays a role are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3049-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305

Spectrum or subtypes? A latent profile analysis of restricted and repetitive behaviours in autism / Lidan ZHENG in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 57 (January 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 57 (January 2019) . - p.46-54 Titre : Spectrum or subtypes? A latent profile analysis of restricted and repetitive behaviours in autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lidan ZHENG, Auteur ; Rachel GROVE, Auteur ; Valsamma EAPEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.46-54 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Restricted and repetitive interests and behaviours  Latent profile analysis  DSM-5  Clinical subtypes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous condition. One way of understanding this heterogeneity is by investigating whether homogenous subgroups within the autism population exist. Some studies have attempted to do this by looking at social and communication skills. However, few studies have looked at subtyping using restricted and repetitive behaviours. While restricted and repetitive behaviours form part of the core features of autism, their presentation is diverse across different individuals on the spectrum. The aim of this study was to determine if restricted and repetitive behaviours could be used to identify potential subtypes of autism. Method This study used unsupervised clustering algorithms to differentiate subgroups of individuals on the autism spectrum based on their scores on the Repetitive Behaviour Scale-Revised (RBS-R). Results Three groups were found that reported low, medium and high levels of restricted and repetitive behaviours. These groups also differed on a range of clinical measures including problematic behaviours, autistic traits and adaptive behaviours. Conclusions Our findings indicate that subgroups of individuals with autism can be identified based on their level of restricted and repetitive behaviours. This highlights that restricted and repetitive behaviours may be best understood under a dimensional continuum of severity. This has implications for our understanding of the non-social characteristics of autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.10.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371 [article] Spectrum or subtypes? A latent profile analysis of restricted and repetitive behaviours in autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lidan ZHENG, Auteur ; Rachel GROVE, Auteur ; Valsamma EAPEN, Auteur . - p.46-54. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 57 (January 2019) . - p.46-54 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Restricted and repetitive interests and behaviours  Latent profile analysis  DSM-5  Clinical subtypes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous condition. One way of understanding this heterogeneity is by investigating whether homogenous subgroups within the autism population exist. Some studies have attempted to do this by looking at social and communication skills. However, few studies have looked at subtyping using restricted and repetitive behaviours. While restricted and repetitive behaviours form part of the core features of autism, their presentation is diverse across different individuals on the spectrum. The aim of this study was to determine if restricted and repetitive behaviours could be used to identify potential subtypes of autism. Method This study used unsupervised clustering algorithms to differentiate subgroups of individuals on the autism spectrum based on their scores on the Repetitive Behaviour Scale-Revised (RBS-R). Results Three groups were found that reported low, medium and high levels of restricted and repetitive behaviours. These groups also differed on a range of clinical measures including problematic behaviours, autistic traits and adaptive behaviours. Conclusions Our findings indicate that subgroups of individuals with autism can be identified based on their level of restricted and repetitive behaviours. This highlights that restricted and repetitive behaviours may be best understood under a dimensional continuum of severity. This has implications for our understanding of the non-social characteristics of autism. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.10.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371

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