Adding the missing voice: How self-report of autistic youth self-report on an executive functioning rating scale compares to parent report and that of youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or neurotypical development / L. KENWORTHY in Autism, 26-2 (February 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 26-2 (February 2022) . - p.422-433 Titre : Adding the missing voice: How self-report of autistic youth self-report on an executive functioning rating scale compares to parent report and that of youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or neurotypical development Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. KENWORTHY, Auteur ; A. VERBALIS, Auteur ; Julia BASCOM, Auteur ; S. DAVANPORT, Auteur ; J. F. STRANG, Auteur ; C. PUGLIESE, Auteur ; A. FREEMAN, Auteur ; C. JEPPSEN, Auteur ; Anna Chelsea ARMOUR, Auteur ; G. JOST, Auteur ; K. HARDY, Auteur ; Gregory L. WALLACE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.422-433 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism  executive function  parent report  psychometrics  self-report  youth  receives financial compensation for use of the First and second editions of the  Behavior Rating of Executive Functions (BRIEF, BRIEF 2). Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Executive functions are often impaired in autistic people and relate to important outcomes such as mental health, success in school and work, and quality of life. Evaluating executive functions helps autistic people, clinicians, and families identify targets for external supports and skill building. Youth self-report of executive function has not been studied, yet we know that self-report from autistic youth is key to understanding other cognitive/behavioral phenomena in autism such as anxiety, obsessions/compulsions, sensory sensitivities, and repetitive behaviors. We investigated self- and parent-report of executive function problems in 197 autistic youth without intellectual disability (ages 11-18?years), including the magnitude and profiles of executive function problems autistic youth report across subdomains of executive function. We compared autistic self-report with that of 114 youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder without intellectual disability and 197 neurotypical youth. We found that autistic youth report significant executive function problems compared to neurotypical youth and a distinctive profile of challenges in comparison to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder youth. Parents and their autistic children diverged regarding the magnitude of the youth's executive function difficulties, but both identify inflexibility as the most impaired executive function subdomain. Autistic youth and their parents were somewhat more concordant in their report of executive function problems than youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and their parents, but only showed moderate concordance at best. These findings elevate the importance of asking autistic youth directly about their executive functioning when engaging them in assessment and intervention, or researching executive functions in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211029117 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452 [article] Adding the missing voice: How self-report of autistic youth self-report on an executive functioning rating scale compares to parent report and that of youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or neurotypical development [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. KENWORTHY, Auteur ; A. VERBALIS, Auteur ; Julia BASCOM, Auteur ; S. DAVANPORT, Auteur ; J. F. STRANG, Auteur ; C. PUGLIESE, Auteur ; A. FREEMAN, Auteur ; C. JEPPSEN, Auteur ; Anna Chelsea ARMOUR, Auteur ; G. JOST, Auteur ; K. HARDY, Auteur ; Gregory L. WALLACE, Auteur . - p.422-433. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 26-2 (February 2022) . - p.422-433 Mots-clés : attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism  executive function  parent report  psychometrics  self-report  youth  receives financial compensation for use of the First and second editions of the  Behavior Rating of Executive Functions (BRIEF, BRIEF 2). Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Executive functions are often impaired in autistic people and relate to important outcomes such as mental health, success in school and work, and quality of life. Evaluating executive functions helps autistic people, clinicians, and families identify targets for external supports and skill building. Youth self-report of executive function has not been studied, yet we know that self-report from autistic youth is key to understanding other cognitive/behavioral phenomena in autism such as anxiety, obsessions/compulsions, sensory sensitivities, and repetitive behaviors. We investigated self- and parent-report of executive function problems in 197 autistic youth without intellectual disability (ages 11-18?years), including the magnitude and profiles of executive function problems autistic youth report across subdomains of executive function. We compared autistic self-report with that of 114 youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder without intellectual disability and 197 neurotypical youth. We found that autistic youth report significant executive function problems compared to neurotypical youth and a distinctive profile of challenges in comparison to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder youth. Parents and their autistic children diverged regarding the magnitude of the youth's executive function difficulties, but both identify inflexibility as the most impaired executive function subdomain. Autistic youth and their parents were somewhat more concordant in their report of executive function problems than youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and their parents, but only showed moderate concordance at best. These findings elevate the importance of asking autistic youth directly about their executive functioning when engaging them in assessment and intervention, or researching executive functions in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211029117 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452

Brief Report: Pilot Study of a Novel Interactive Digital Treatment to Improve Cognitive Control in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Co-occurring ADHD Symptoms / B. E. YERYS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-4 (April 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-4 (April 2019) . - p.1727-1737 Titre : Brief Report: Pilot Study of a Novel Interactive Digital Treatment to Improve Cognitive Control in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Co-occurring ADHD Symptoms Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : B. E. YERYS, Auteur ; Jennifer R. BERTOLLO, Auteur ; L. KENWORTHY, Auteur ; G. DAWSON, Auteur ; E. J. MARCO, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur ; L. SIKICH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1727-1737 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder  Comorbidity  Executive function  Go/No-Go  Inhibition  Neurodevelopmental disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The presence of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with worse cognitive control. Children with ASD and ADHD often respond poorly to medications, thus we need alternative treatments. We examined the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of Project Evo-a digital treatment. Nineteen children with ASD and co-occurring ADHD symptoms completed this app-based treatment that targets multi-tasking through gameplay versus a comparison educational treatment. Children had a high engagement with both treatments, and parents and children reported high acceptability. Within-group analyses suggest the multi-tasking but not the educational treatment may improve cognitive control. This multi-tasking treatment is feasible, acceptable, and possibly efficacious for cognitive control impairments in children with ASD and ADHD. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3856-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=388 [article] Brief Report: Pilot Study of a Novel Interactive Digital Treatment to Improve Cognitive Control in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Co-occurring ADHD Symptoms [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / B. E. YERYS, Auteur ; Jennifer R. BERTOLLO, Auteur ; L. KENWORTHY, Auteur ; G. DAWSON, Auteur ; E. J. MARCO, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur ; L. SIKICH, Auteur . - p.1727-1737. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-4 (April 2019) . - p.1727-1737 Mots-clés : Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder  Comorbidity  Executive function  Go/No-Go  Inhibition  Neurodevelopmental disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The presence of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with worse cognitive control. Children with ASD and ADHD often respond poorly to medications, thus we need alternative treatments. We examined the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of Project Evo-a digital treatment. Nineteen children with ASD and co-occurring ADHD symptoms completed this app-based treatment that targets multi-tasking through gameplay versus a comparison educational treatment. Children had a high engagement with both treatments, and parents and children reported high acceptability. Within-group analyses suggest the multi-tasking but not the educational treatment may improve cognitive control. This multi-tasking treatment is feasible, acceptable, and possibly efficacious for cognitive control impairments in children with ASD and ADHD. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3856-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=388

Data-driven identification of subtypes of executive function across typical development, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorders / C. J. VAIDYA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.51-61 Titre : Data-driven identification of subtypes of executive function across typical development, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. J. VAIDYA, Auteur ; X. YOU, Auteur ; S. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; F. PEREIRA, Auteur ; M. M. BERL, Auteur ; L. KENWORTHY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.51-61 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorders  functional MRI (fMRI)  individual differences  machine learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Impairment of executive function (EF), the goal-directed regulation of thoughts, actions, and emotions, drives negative outcomes and is common across neurodevelopmental disorders including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A primary challenge to its amelioration is heterogeneity in symptom expression within and across disorders. Parsing this heterogeneity is necessary to attain diagnostic precision, a goal of the NIMH Research Domain Criteria Initiative. We aimed to identify transdiagnostic subtypes of EF that span the normal to impaired spectrum and establish their predictive and neurobiological validity. METHODS: Community detection was applied to clinical parent-report measures in 8-14-year-old children with and without ADHD and ASD from two independent cohorts (discovery N = 320; replication N = 692) to identify subgroups with distinct behavioral profiles. Support vector machine (SVM) classification was used to predict subgroup membership of unseen cases. Preliminary neurobiological validation was obtained with existing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data on a subsample (N = 84) by testing hypotheses about sensitivity of EF subgroups versus DSM categories. RESULTS: We observed three transdiagnostic EF subtypes characterized by behavioral profiles that were defined by relative weakness in: (a) flexibility and emotion regulation; (b) inhibition; and (c) working memory, organization, and planning. The same tripartite structure was also present in the typically developing children. SVM trained on the discovery sample and tested on the replication sample classified subgroup membership with 77.0% accuracy. Split-half SVM classification on the combined sample (N = 1,012) yielded 88.9% accuracy (this SVM is available for public use). As hypothesized, frontal-parietal engagement was better distinguished by EF subtype than DSM diagnosis and the subgroup characterized with inflexibility failed to modulate right IPL activation in response to increased executive demands. CONCLUSIONS: The observed transdiagnostic subtypes refine current diagnostic nosology and augment clinical decision-making for personalizing treatment of executive dysfunction in children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13114 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413 [article] Data-driven identification of subtypes of executive function across typical development, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. J. VAIDYA, Auteur ; X. YOU, Auteur ; S. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; F. PEREIRA, Auteur ; M. M. BERL, Auteur ; L. KENWORTHY, Auteur . - p.51-61. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.51-61 Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorders  functional MRI (fMRI)  individual differences  machine learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Impairment of executive function (EF), the goal-directed regulation of thoughts, actions, and emotions, drives negative outcomes and is common across neurodevelopmental disorders including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A primary challenge to its amelioration is heterogeneity in symptom expression within and across disorders. Parsing this heterogeneity is necessary to attain diagnostic precision, a goal of the NIMH Research Domain Criteria Initiative. We aimed to identify transdiagnostic subtypes of EF that span the normal to impaired spectrum and establish their predictive and neurobiological validity. METHODS: Community detection was applied to clinical parent-report measures in 8-14-year-old children with and without ADHD and ASD from two independent cohorts (discovery N = 320; replication N = 692) to identify subgroups with distinct behavioral profiles. Support vector machine (SVM) classification was used to predict subgroup membership of unseen cases. Preliminary neurobiological validation was obtained with existing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data on a subsample (N = 84) by testing hypotheses about sensitivity of EF subgroups versus DSM categories. RESULTS: We observed three transdiagnostic EF subtypes characterized by behavioral profiles that were defined by relative weakness in: (a) flexibility and emotion regulation; (b) inhibition; and (c) working memory, organization, and planning. The same tripartite structure was also present in the typically developing children. SVM trained on the discovery sample and tested on the replication sample classified subgroup membership with 77.0% accuracy. Split-half SVM classification on the combined sample (N = 1,012) yielded 88.9% accuracy (this SVM is available for public use). As hypothesized, frontal-parietal engagement was better distinguished by EF subtype than DSM diagnosis and the subgroup characterized with inflexibility failed to modulate right IPL activation in response to increased executive demands. CONCLUSIONS: The observed transdiagnostic subtypes refine current diagnostic nosology and augment clinical decision-making for personalizing treatment of executive dysfunction in children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13114 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413

Insistence on sameness relates to increased covariance of gray matter structure in autism spectrum disorder / I. W. EISENBERG in Molecular Autism, (December 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > (December 2015) . - 54p. Titre : Insistence on sameness relates to increased covariance of gray matter structure in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : I. W. EISENBERG, Auteur ; Gregory L. WALLACE, Auteur ; L. KENWORTHY, Auteur ; S. J. GOTTS, Auteur ; A. MARTIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 54p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Insistence on sameness  Mri  Repetitive behavior  Structural covariance  Subcortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by atypical development of cortical and subcortical gray matter volume. Subcortical structural changes have been associated with restricted and repetitive behavior (RRB), a core component of ASD. Behavioral studies have identified insistence on sameness (IS) as a separable RRB dimension prominent in high-functioning ASD, though no simple brain-behavior relationship has emerged. Structural covariance, a measure of morphological coupling among brain regions using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), has proven an informative measure of anatomical relationships in typical development and neurodevelopmental disorders. In this study, we use this measure to characterize the relationship between brain structure and IS. METHODS: We quantified the structural covariance of cortical and subcortical gray matter volume in 55 individuals with high-functioning ASD using 3T MRI. We then related these structural metrics to individual IS scores, as assessed by the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R). RESULTS: We found that increased coupling among subcortical regions and between subcortical and cortical regions related to greater IS symptom severity. Most pronounced, the striatum and amygdala participated in a plurality of identified relationships, indicating a central role for these structures in IS symptomatology. These structural associations were specific to IS and did not relate to any of the other RRB subcomponents measured by the RBS-R. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that behavioral dimensions in ASD can relate to the coordination of development across multiple brain regions, which might be otherwise obscured using typical brain-behavior correlations. It also expands the structures traditionally related to RRB in ASD and provides neuroanatomical evidence supportive of IS as a separate RRB dimension. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01031407. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-015-0047-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=328 [article] Insistence on sameness relates to increased covariance of gray matter structure in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / I. W. EISENBERG, Auteur ; Gregory L. WALLACE, Auteur ; L. KENWORTHY, Auteur ; S. J. GOTTS, Auteur ; A. MARTIN, Auteur . - 54p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > (December 2015) . - 54p. Mots-clés : Autism  Insistence on sameness  Mri  Repetitive behavior  Structural covariance  Subcortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by atypical development of cortical and subcortical gray matter volume. Subcortical structural changes have been associated with restricted and repetitive behavior (RRB), a core component of ASD. Behavioral studies have identified insistence on sameness (IS) as a separable RRB dimension prominent in high-functioning ASD, though no simple brain-behavior relationship has emerged. Structural covariance, a measure of morphological coupling among brain regions using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), has proven an informative measure of anatomical relationships in typical development and neurodevelopmental disorders. In this study, we use this measure to characterize the relationship between brain structure and IS. METHODS: We quantified the structural covariance of cortical and subcortical gray matter volume in 55 individuals with high-functioning ASD using 3T MRI. We then related these structural metrics to individual IS scores, as assessed by the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R). RESULTS: We found that increased coupling among subcortical regions and between subcortical and cortical regions related to greater IS symptom severity. Most pronounced, the striatum and amygdala participated in a plurality of identified relationships, indicating a central role for these structures in IS symptomatology. These structural associations were specific to IS and did not relate to any of the other RRB subcomponents measured by the RBS-R. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that behavioral dimensions in ASD can relate to the coordination of development across multiple brain regions, which might be otherwise obscured using typical brain-behavior correlations. It also expands the structures traditionally related to RRB in ASD and provides neuroanatomical evidence supportive of IS as a separate RRB dimension. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01031407. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-015-0047-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=328

Lagging skills contribute to challenging behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disability / B. B. MADDOX in Autism, 22-8 (November 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 22-8 (November 2018) . - p.898-906 Titre : Lagging skills contribute to challenging behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disability Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : B. B. MADDOX, Auteur ; P. CLEARY, Auteur ; E. S. KUSCHNER, Auteur ; J. S. MILLER, Auteur ; Anna Chelsea ARMOUR, Auteur ; L. GUY, Auteur ; L. KENWORTHY, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur ; B. E. YERYS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.898-906 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  challenging behaviors  cognitive-behavioral treatment  emotion regulation  executive function Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Many children with autism spectrum disorder display challenging behaviors. These behaviors are not limited to those with cognitive and/or language impairments. The Collaborative and Proactive Solutions framework proposes that challenging behaviors result from an incompatibility between environmental demands and a child's "lagging skills." The primary Collaborative and Proactive Solutions lagging skills-executive function, emotion regulation, language, and social skills-are often areas of weakness for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether these lagging skills are associated with challenging behaviors in youth with autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disability. Parents of 182 youth with autism spectrum disorder (6-15 years) completed measures of their children's challenging behaviors, executive function, language, emotion regulation, and social skills. We tested whether the Collaborative and Proactive Solutions lagging skills predicted challenging behaviors using multiple linear regression. The Collaborative and Proactive Solutions lagging skills explained significant variance in participants' challenging behaviors. The Depression (emotion regulation), Inhibit (executive function), and Sameness (executive function) scales emerged as significant predictors. Impairments in emotion regulation and executive function may contribute substantially to aggressive and oppositional behaviors in school-age youth with autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disability. Treatment for challenging behaviors in this group may consider targeting the incompatibility between environmental demands and a child's lagging skills. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361317712651 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=370 [article] Lagging skills contribute to challenging behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disability [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / B. B. MADDOX, Auteur ; P. CLEARY, Auteur ; E. S. KUSCHNER, Auteur ; J. S. MILLER, Auteur ; Anna Chelsea ARMOUR, Auteur ; L. GUY, Auteur ; L. KENWORTHY, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur ; B. E. YERYS, Auteur . - p.898-906. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 22-8 (November 2018) . - p.898-906 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  challenging behaviors  cognitive-behavioral treatment  emotion regulation  executive function Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Many children with autism spectrum disorder display challenging behaviors. These behaviors are not limited to those with cognitive and/or language impairments. The Collaborative and Proactive Solutions framework proposes that challenging behaviors result from an incompatibility between environmental demands and a child's "lagging skills." The primary Collaborative and Proactive Solutions lagging skills-executive function, emotion regulation, language, and social skills-are often areas of weakness for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether these lagging skills are associated with challenging behaviors in youth with autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disability. Parents of 182 youth with autism spectrum disorder (6-15 years) completed measures of their children's challenging behaviors, executive function, language, emotion regulation, and social skills. We tested whether the Collaborative and Proactive Solutions lagging skills predicted challenging behaviors using multiple linear regression. The Collaborative and Proactive Solutions lagging skills explained significant variance in participants' challenging behaviors. The Depression (emotion regulation), Inhibit (executive function), and Sameness (executive function) scales emerged as significant predictors. Impairments in emotion regulation and executive function may contribute substantially to aggressive and oppositional behaviors in school-age youth with autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disability. Treatment for challenging behaviors in this group may consider targeting the incompatibility between environmental demands and a child's lagging skills. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361317712651 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=370

PAC1R Genotype to Phenotype Correlations in Autism Spectrum Disorder / M. GOODRICH in Autism Research, 12-2 (February 2019)  

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"They Thought It Was an Obsession": Trajectories and Perspectives of Autistic Transgender and Gender-Diverse Adolescents / J. F. STRANG in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-12 (December 2018)  

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What About the Girls? Sex-Based Differences in Autistic Traits and Adaptive Skills / Allison B. RATTO in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-5 (May 2018)  

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