[article]
| Titre : |
2D:4D Ratio and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Brunei Darussalam |
| Type de document : |
Texte imprimé et/ou numérique |
| Auteurs : |
S. H. F. LEE, Auteur ; S. A. AZIZ, Auteur ; M. HAMID, Auteur ; Y. C. LIM, Auteur ; D. KOH, Auteur ; L. L. CHAW, Auteur |
| Article en page(s) : |
p.4577-4586 |
| Langues : |
Anglais (eng) |
| Mots-clés : |
Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology Brunei Case-Control Studies Child Child, Preschool Female Fingers Hand Humans Male Sex Characteristics 2D:4D ratio 2D:4D ratio symmetry Androgens Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) Brunei Darussalam Digit ratio Extreme male brain (EMB) Hormones Testosterone this manuscript. |
| Index. décimale : |
PER Périodiques |
| Résumé : |
BACKGROUND: Despite the global increase in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), relevant research studies are lacking in Brunei Darussalam. Various studies have shown a significant association between a lowered 2D:4D ratio (ratio of second digit/index finger to the fourth digit/ring finger) and ASD, making it one of the potential phenotypic biomarkers for early detection of autism, which is important for early intervention and management. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to explore the association between 2D:4D ratio and ASD in Brunei Darussalam, as a potential tool to complement early ASD diagnosis. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study comprising 28 ASD and 62 typically developing (TD) children in the case and control group, respectively (age range: 3-11 years old; median age: 6 years old). Median 2D:4D ratios were measured, compared and analysed between the two groups. Logistic regression models were used to explore potential associations between the median 2D:4D ratio and ASD in respective gender, for both left and right hands, independently. RESULTS: Our study shows that the median 2D:4D ratio of left hand in ASD males is significantly lower than those in TD males, after adjusting for ethnicity and age [Odds Ratio (OR)?=?0.57 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.31-0.96); p?=?0.044]. For females, there is no association of ASD with the median left hand 2D:4D ratio [OR?=?3.09 (95% CI: 0.98-19.86); p?=?0.144] or the median right hand 2D:4D ratio [OR?=?1.23 (95% CI: 0.42-3.88); p?=?0.702]. Our study also shows a significant positive correlation and/or a reduced asymmetry between the average 2D:4D ratio of left hands and right hands in ASD males (Pearson's correlation (r)?=?0.48; 95% CI: 0.076-0.75, p?=?0.023). CONCLUSIONS: There is significant association between a lowered median 2D:4D ratio of the left hand (in males only) and ASD diagnosis. Once validated in a larger sample size, a lowered median 2D:4D ratio on the left hand may be a potential tool to complement ASD diagnosis for males in our study population. There is no association between the median 2D:4D ratio (left or right hands) and ASD in females, which could be due to the small female sample size and/or the possibility of different aetiology for ASD in females. Reduced asymmetry between the average 2D:4D ratio of left and right hands observed in ASD males only (not in ASD females) also suggests the importance of considering gender-specific biomarkers for ASD diagnosis. |
| En ligne : |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04899-9 |
| Permalink : |
https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=454 |
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-12 (December 2021) . - p.4577-4586
[article] 2D:4D Ratio and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Brunei Darussalam [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. H. F. LEE, Auteur ; S. A. AZIZ, Auteur ; M. HAMID, Auteur ; Y. C. LIM, Auteur ; D. KOH, Auteur ; L. L. CHAW, Auteur . - p.4577-4586. Langues : Anglais ( eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-12 (December 2021) . - p.4577-4586
| Mots-clés : |
Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology Brunei Case-Control Studies Child Child, Preschool Female Fingers Hand Humans Male Sex Characteristics 2D:4D ratio 2D:4D ratio symmetry Androgens Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) Brunei Darussalam Digit ratio Extreme male brain (EMB) Hormones Testosterone this manuscript. |
| Index. décimale : |
PER Périodiques |
| Résumé : |
BACKGROUND: Despite the global increase in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), relevant research studies are lacking in Brunei Darussalam. Various studies have shown a significant association between a lowered 2D:4D ratio (ratio of second digit/index finger to the fourth digit/ring finger) and ASD, making it one of the potential phenotypic biomarkers for early detection of autism, which is important for early intervention and management. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to explore the association between 2D:4D ratio and ASD in Brunei Darussalam, as a potential tool to complement early ASD diagnosis. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study comprising 28 ASD and 62 typically developing (TD) children in the case and control group, respectively (age range: 3-11 years old; median age: 6 years old). Median 2D:4D ratios were measured, compared and analysed between the two groups. Logistic regression models were used to explore potential associations between the median 2D:4D ratio and ASD in respective gender, for both left and right hands, independently. RESULTS: Our study shows that the median 2D:4D ratio of left hand in ASD males is significantly lower than those in TD males, after adjusting for ethnicity and age [Odds Ratio (OR)?=?0.57 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.31-0.96); p?=?0.044]. For females, there is no association of ASD with the median left hand 2D:4D ratio [OR?=?3.09 (95% CI: 0.98-19.86); p?=?0.144] or the median right hand 2D:4D ratio [OR?=?1.23 (95% CI: 0.42-3.88); p?=?0.702]. Our study also shows a significant positive correlation and/or a reduced asymmetry between the average 2D:4D ratio of left hands and right hands in ASD males (Pearson's correlation (r)?=?0.48; 95% CI: 0.076-0.75, p?=?0.023). CONCLUSIONS: There is significant association between a lowered median 2D:4D ratio of the left hand (in males only) and ASD diagnosis. Once validated in a larger sample size, a lowered median 2D:4D ratio on the left hand may be a potential tool to complement ASD diagnosis for males in our study population. There is no association between the median 2D:4D ratio (left or right hands) and ASD in females, which could be due to the small female sample size and/or the possibility of different aetiology for ASD in females. Reduced asymmetry between the average 2D:4D ratio of left and right hands observed in ASD males only (not in ASD females) also suggests the importance of considering gender-specific biomarkers for ASD diagnosis. |
| En ligne : |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04899-9 |
| Permalink : |
https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=454 |
|
2D:4D Ratio and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Brunei Darussalam in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-12 (December 2021)
