Aetiology of shame and its association with adolescent depression and anxiety: results from a prospective twin and sibling study / M. NIKOLI? in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-1 (January 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-1 (January 2022) . - p.99-108 Titre : Aetiology of shame and its association with adolescent depression and anxiety: results from a prospective twin and sibling study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. NIKOLI?, Auteur ; L. J. HANNIGAN, Auteur ; G. KREBS, Auteur ; A. STERNE, Auteur ; A. M. GREGORY, Auteur ; T. C. ELEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.99-108 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Anxiety/epidemiology/genetics  Child  Depression/epidemiology/genetics  Female  Humans  Male  Prospective Studies  Shame  Siblings  Young Adult  Adolescence  anxiety  depression  twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Shame is considered a maladaptive self-conscious emotion that commonly co-occurs alongside depression and anxiety. Little is known, however, about the aetiology of shame and its associations with depression and anxiety. We estimated, for the first time, genetic and environmental influences on shame and on its associations with depression and anxiety in adolescence. METHODS: The sample was twin and sibling pairs from the Genesis 1219 Study (Time 1, N?=?2,685; males 42.8%, M(age) ?=?14.95, SD?=?1.67, age range: 12-21; Time 2, N?=?1618; males 39.7%, M(age) ?=?16.97, SD?=?1.64, age range: 14-23). Participants completed validated questionnaires to measure shame (at Time 1), depression and anxiety (at Times 1 and 2). RESULTS: Shame was moderately to strongly associated with concurrent depression and anxiety. Prospectively, shame was significantly associated with an increase in depression, but not anxiety. Genetic analyses revealed that shame was moderately heritable with substantial nonshared environmental influence. The associations between shame and concurrent depression and anxiety were primarily accounted for by overlapping genetic influences. Prospectively, the association between shame and later depression was primarily accounted for by genetic and nonshared environmental influences shared with earlier depression. The unique association between shame and later depression was mostly explained by common nonshared environmental influences. CONCLUSIONS: The findings offer novel evidence regarding aetiology of shame-although moderately heritable, shame in adolescents may also result from nonshared environmental factors. Genetic and nonshared environmental influences contribute to the co-occurrence of shame with depression and anxiety. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13465 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456 [article] Aetiology of shame and its association with adolescent depression and anxiety: results from a prospective twin and sibling study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. NIKOLI?, Auteur ; L. J. HANNIGAN, Auteur ; G. KREBS, Auteur ; A. STERNE, Auteur ; A. M. GREGORY, Auteur ; T. C. ELEY, Auteur . - p.99-108. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-1 (January 2022) . - p.99-108 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Anxiety/epidemiology/genetics  Child  Depression/epidemiology/genetics  Female  Humans  Male  Prospective Studies  Shame  Siblings  Young Adult  Adolescence  anxiety  depression  twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Shame is considered a maladaptive self-conscious emotion that commonly co-occurs alongside depression and anxiety. Little is known, however, about the aetiology of shame and its associations with depression and anxiety. We estimated, for the first time, genetic and environmental influences on shame and on its associations with depression and anxiety in adolescence. METHODS: The sample was twin and sibling pairs from the Genesis 1219 Study (Time 1, N?=?2,685; males 42.8%, M(age) ?=?14.95, SD?=?1.67, age range: 12-21; Time 2, N?=?1618; males 39.7%, M(age) ?=?16.97, SD?=?1.64, age range: 14-23). Participants completed validated questionnaires to measure shame (at Time 1), depression and anxiety (at Times 1 and 2). RESULTS: Shame was moderately to strongly associated with concurrent depression and anxiety. Prospectively, shame was significantly associated with an increase in depression, but not anxiety. Genetic analyses revealed that shame was moderately heritable with substantial nonshared environmental influence. The associations between shame and concurrent depression and anxiety were primarily accounted for by overlapping genetic influences. Prospectively, the association between shame and later depression was primarily accounted for by genetic and nonshared environmental influences shared with earlier depression. The unique association between shame and later depression was mostly explained by common nonshared environmental influences. CONCLUSIONS: The findings offer novel evidence regarding aetiology of shame-although moderately heritable, shame in adolescents may also result from nonshared environmental factors. Genetic and nonshared environmental influences contribute to the co-occurrence of shame with depression and anxiety. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13465 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456

Anxiety in the family: a genetically informed analysis of transactional associations between mother, father and child anxiety symptoms / Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-12 (December 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-12 (December 2019) . - p.1269-1277 Titre : Anxiety in the family: a genetically informed analysis of transactional associations between mother, father and child anxiety symptoms Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH, Auteur ; T. C. ELEY, Auteur ; L. D. LEVE, Auteur ; D. S. SHAW, Auteur ; M. N. NATSUAKI, Auteur ; D. REISS, Auteur ; Jenae M. NEIDERHISER, Auteur ; T. A. MCADAMS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1269-1277 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety  genetics  longitudinal  parent-child relationships  structural equation modelling Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Anxiety in parents is associated with anxiety in offspring, although little is known about the mechanisms underpinning these intergenerational associations. We conducted the first genetically sensitive study to simultaneously examine the effects of mother, father and child anxiety symptoms on each other over time. METHOD: Adoptive parent and child symptoms were measured at child ages 6, 7 and 8 years from 305 families involved in the Early Growth and Development Study, using a prospective adoption design. Children were adopted at birth to nonrelatives, and composite data on internalising problems within birth families were used as a proxy measure of offspring inherited risk for anxiety. Structural equation models were fitted to the data to examine prospective associations between adoptive mother, father and child symptoms, whilst accounting for individuals' symptom stability over time. RESULTS: Child anxiety symptoms at age 7 predicted adoptive mothers' anxiety symptoms at age 8. No mother-to-child or child-to-father effects were observed. These results were consistent in sensitivity analyses using only paternal offspring reports and using a second measure of child anxiety symptoms. Fathers' anxiety symptoms at child age 6 prospectively predicted child symptoms, but only when paternal offspring reports were included in the model. Composite data on birth family internalising problems were not associated with child anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Results show environmentally mediated associations between parent and child anxiety symptoms. Results support developmental theories suggesting that child anxiety symptoms can exert influence on caregivers, and mothers and fathers may play unique roles during the development of child symptoms. Further research is needed on the role of genetic transmission associated with anxiety symptoms in biologically related families. In the meantime, researchers and clinicians should strive to include fathers in assessments and consider the effects of child symptoms on caregivers. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13068 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=412 [article] Anxiety in the family: a genetically informed analysis of transactional associations between mother, father and child anxiety symptoms [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH, Auteur ; T. C. ELEY, Auteur ; L. D. LEVE, Auteur ; D. S. SHAW, Auteur ; M. N. NATSUAKI, Auteur ; D. REISS, Auteur ; Jenae M. NEIDERHISER, Auteur ; T. A. MCADAMS, Auteur . - p.1269-1277. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-12 (December 2019) . - p.1269-1277 Mots-clés : Anxiety  genetics  longitudinal  parent-child relationships  structural equation modelling Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Anxiety in parents is associated with anxiety in offspring, although little is known about the mechanisms underpinning these intergenerational associations. We conducted the first genetically sensitive study to simultaneously examine the effects of mother, father and child anxiety symptoms on each other over time. METHOD: Adoptive parent and child symptoms were measured at child ages 6, 7 and 8 years from 305 families involved in the Early Growth and Development Study, using a prospective adoption design. Children were adopted at birth to nonrelatives, and composite data on internalising problems within birth families were used as a proxy measure of offspring inherited risk for anxiety. Structural equation models were fitted to the data to examine prospective associations between adoptive mother, father and child symptoms, whilst accounting for individuals' symptom stability over time. RESULTS: Child anxiety symptoms at age 7 predicted adoptive mothers' anxiety symptoms at age 8. No mother-to-child or child-to-father effects were observed. These results were consistent in sensitivity analyses using only paternal offspring reports and using a second measure of child anxiety symptoms. Fathers' anxiety symptoms at child age 6 prospectively predicted child symptoms, but only when paternal offspring reports were included in the model. Composite data on birth family internalising problems were not associated with child anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Results show environmentally mediated associations between parent and child anxiety symptoms. Results support developmental theories suggesting that child anxiety symptoms can exert influence on caregivers, and mothers and fathers may play unique roles during the development of child symptoms. Further research is needed on the role of genetic transmission associated with anxiety symptoms in biologically related families. In the meantime, researchers and clinicians should strive to include fathers in assessments and consider the effects of child symptoms on caregivers. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13068 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=412

The impact of treatment delivery format on response to cognitive behaviour therapy for preadolescent children with anxiety disorders / A. MCKINNON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59-7 (July 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-7 (July 2018) . - p.763-772 Titre : The impact of treatment delivery format on response to cognitive behaviour therapy for preadolescent children with anxiety disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. MCKINNON, Auteur ; R. KEERS, Auteur ; J. R. I. COLEMAN, Auteur ; K. J. LESTER, Auteur ; S. ROBERTS, Auteur ; Kristian ARENDT, Auteur ; Susan M. BOGELS, Auteur ; Peter COOPER, Auteur ; C. CRESWELL, Auteur ; Catharina A. HARTMAN, Auteur ; K. W. FJERMESTAD, Auteur ; T. IN-ALBON, Auteur ; K. LAVALLEE, Auteur ; H. J. LYNEHAM, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur ; R. MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur ; M. H. NAUTA, Auteur ; R. M. RAPEE, Auteur ; Y. REY, Auteur ; S. SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; W. K. SILVERMAN, Auteur ; M. THASTUM, Auteur ; K. THIRLWALL, Auteur ; Gro Janne WERGELAND, Auteur ; T. C. ELEY, Auteur ; J. L. HUDSON, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : p.763-772 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety  cognitive therapy  treatment trials Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Several delivery formats of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for child anxiety have been proposed, however, there is little consensus on the optimal delivery format. The primary goal of this study was to investigate the impact of the child's primary anxiety diagnosis on changes in clinical severity (of the primary problem) during individual CBT, group CBT and guided parent-led CBT. The secondary goal was to investigate the impact of the child's primary anxiety diagnosis on rates of remission for the three treatment formats. METHODS: A sample of 1,253 children (5-12 years; Mage = 9.3, SD = 1.7) was pooled from CBT trials carried out at 10 sites. Children had a primary diagnosis of generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SoAD), specific phobia (SP) or separation anxiety disorder (SAD). Children and parents completed a semistructured clinical interview to assess the presence and severity of DSM-IV psychiatric disorders at preintervention, postintervention and follow-up. Linear mixture modelling was used to evaluate the primary research question and logistic modelling was used to investigate the secondary research question. RESULTS: In children with primary GAD, SAD or SoAD, there were no significant differences between delivery formats. However, children with primary SP showed significantly larger reductions in clinical severity following individual CBT compared to group CBT and guided parent-led CBT. The results were mirrored in the analysis of remission responses with the exception that individual CBT was no longer superior to group CBT for children with a primary SP. The difference between individual and group was not significant when follow-up data were examined separately. CONCLUSIONS: Data show there may be greater clinical benefit by allocating children with a primary SP to individual CBT, although future research on cost-effectiveness is needed to determine whether the additional clinical benefits justify the additional resources required. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12872 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368 [article] The impact of treatment delivery format on response to cognitive behaviour therapy for preadolescent children with anxiety disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. MCKINNON, Auteur ; R. KEERS, Auteur ; J. R. I. COLEMAN, Auteur ; K. J. LESTER, Auteur ; S. ROBERTS, Auteur ; Kristian ARENDT, Auteur ; Susan M. BOGELS, Auteur ; Peter COOPER, Auteur ; C. CRESWELL, Auteur ; Catharina A. HARTMAN, Auteur ; K. W. FJERMESTAD, Auteur ; T. IN-ALBON, Auteur ; K. LAVALLEE, Auteur ; H. J. LYNEHAM, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur ; R. MEISER-STEDMAN, Auteur ; M. H. NAUTA, Auteur ; R. M. RAPEE, Auteur ; Y. REY, Auteur ; S. SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; W. K. SILVERMAN, Auteur ; M. THASTUM, Auteur ; K. THIRLWALL, Auteur ; Gro Janne WERGELAND, Auteur ; T. C. ELEY, Auteur ; J. L. HUDSON, Auteur . - 2018 . - p.763-772. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-7 (July 2018) . - p.763-772 Mots-clés : Anxiety  cognitive therapy  treatment trials Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Several delivery formats of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for child anxiety have been proposed, however, there is little consensus on the optimal delivery format. The primary goal of this study was to investigate the impact of the child's primary anxiety diagnosis on changes in clinical severity (of the primary problem) during individual CBT, group CBT and guided parent-led CBT. The secondary goal was to investigate the impact of the child's primary anxiety diagnosis on rates of remission for the three treatment formats. METHODS: A sample of 1,253 children (5-12 years; Mage = 9.3, SD = 1.7) was pooled from CBT trials carried out at 10 sites. Children had a primary diagnosis of generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SoAD), specific phobia (SP) or separation anxiety disorder (SAD). Children and parents completed a semistructured clinical interview to assess the presence and severity of DSM-IV psychiatric disorders at preintervention, postintervention and follow-up. Linear mixture modelling was used to evaluate the primary research question and logistic modelling was used to investigate the secondary research question. RESULTS: In children with primary GAD, SAD or SoAD, there were no significant differences between delivery formats. However, children with primary SP showed significantly larger reductions in clinical severity following individual CBT compared to group CBT and guided parent-led CBT. The results were mirrored in the analysis of remission responses with the exception that individual CBT was no longer superior to group CBT for children with a primary SP. The difference between individual and group was not significant when follow-up data were examined separately. CONCLUSIONS: Data show there may be greater clinical benefit by allocating children with a primary SP to individual CBT, although future research on cost-effectiveness is needed to determine whether the additional clinical benefits justify the additional resources required. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12872 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368

The p factor: genetic analyses support a general dimension of psychopathology in childhood and adolescence / Andrea G. ALLEGRINI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.30-39 Titre : The p factor: genetic analyses support a general dimension of psychopathology in childhood and adolescence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Andrea G. ALLEGRINI, Auteur ; Rosa CHEESMAN, Auteur ; K. RIMFELD, Auteur ; S. SELZAM, Auteur ; J. B. PINGAULT, Auteur ; T. C. ELEY, Auteur ; R. PLOMIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.30-39 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Childhood psychopathology  behavioural genetics  genomics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Diverse behaviour problems in childhood correlate phenotypically, suggesting a general dimension of psychopathology that has been called the p factor. The shared genetic architecture between childhood psychopathology traits also supports a genetic p. This study systematically investigates the manifestation of this common dimension across self-, parent- and teacher-rated measures in childhood and adolescence. METHODS: The sample included 7,026 twin pairs from the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS). First, we employed multivariate twin models to estimate common genetic and environmental influences on p based on diverse measures of behaviour problems rated by children, parents and teachers at ages 7, 9, 12 and 16 (depressive traits, emotional problems, peer problems, autism traits, hyperactivity, antisocial behaviour, conduct problems and psychopathic tendencies). Second, to assess the stability of genetic and environmental influences on p across time, we conducted longitudinal twin modelling of the first phenotypic principal components of childhood psychopathological measures across each of the four ages. Third, we created a genetic p factor in 7,026 unrelated genotyped individuals based on eight polygenic scores for psychiatric disorders to estimate how a general polygenic predisposition to mostly adult psychiatric disorders relates to childhood p. RESULTS: Behaviour problems were consistently correlated phenotypically and genetically across ages and raters. The p factor is substantially heritable (50%-60%) and manifests consistently across diverse ages and raters. However, residual variation in the common factor models indicates unique contributions as well. Genetic correlations of p components across childhood and adolescence suggest stability over time (49%-78%). A polygenic general psychopathology factor derived from studies of psychiatric disorders consistently predicted a general phenotypic p factor across development (0.3%-0.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Diverse forms of psychopathology generally load on a common p factor, which is highly heritable. There are substantial genetic influences on the stability of p across childhood. Our analyses indicate genetic overlap between general risk for psychiatric disorders in adulthood and p in childhood, even as young as age 7. The p factor has far-reaching implications for genomic research and, eventually, for diagnosis and treatment of behaviour problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13113 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413 [article] The p factor: genetic analyses support a general dimension of psychopathology in childhood and adolescence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Andrea G. ALLEGRINI, Auteur ; Rosa CHEESMAN, Auteur ; K. RIMFELD, Auteur ; S. SELZAM, Auteur ; J. B. PINGAULT, Auteur ; T. C. ELEY, Auteur ; R. PLOMIN, Auteur . - p.30-39. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.30-39 Mots-clés : Childhood psychopathology  behavioural genetics  genomics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Diverse behaviour problems in childhood correlate phenotypically, suggesting a general dimension of psychopathology that has been called the p factor. The shared genetic architecture between childhood psychopathology traits also supports a genetic p. This study systematically investigates the manifestation of this common dimension across self-, parent- and teacher-rated measures in childhood and adolescence. METHODS: The sample included 7,026 twin pairs from the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS). First, we employed multivariate twin models to estimate common genetic and environmental influences on p based on diverse measures of behaviour problems rated by children, parents and teachers at ages 7, 9, 12 and 16 (depressive traits, emotional problems, peer problems, autism traits, hyperactivity, antisocial behaviour, conduct problems and psychopathic tendencies). Second, to assess the stability of genetic and environmental influences on p across time, we conducted longitudinal twin modelling of the first phenotypic principal components of childhood psychopathological measures across each of the four ages. Third, we created a genetic p factor in 7,026 unrelated genotyped individuals based on eight polygenic scores for psychiatric disorders to estimate how a general polygenic predisposition to mostly adult psychiatric disorders relates to childhood p. RESULTS: Behaviour problems were consistently correlated phenotypically and genetically across ages and raters. The p factor is substantially heritable (50%-60%) and manifests consistently across diverse ages and raters. However, residual variation in the common factor models indicates unique contributions as well. Genetic correlations of p components across childhood and adolescence suggest stability over time (49%-78%). A polygenic general psychopathology factor derived from studies of psychiatric disorders consistently predicted a general phenotypic p factor across development (0.3%-0.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Diverse forms of psychopathology generally load on a common p factor, which is highly heritable. There are substantial genetic influences on the stability of p across childhood. Our analyses indicate genetic overlap between general risk for psychiatric disorders in adulthood and p in childhood, even as young as age 7. The p factor has far-reaching implications for genomic research and, eventually, for diagnosis and treatment of behaviour problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13113 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413

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