Comparison of three different eye-tracking tasks for distinguishing autistic from typically developing children and autistic symptom severity / J. KOU in Autism Research, 12-10 (October 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-10 (October 2019) . - p.1529-1540 Titre : Comparison of three different eye-tracking tasks for distinguishing autistic from typically developing children and autistic symptom severity Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. KOU, Auteur ; J. LE, Auteur ; M. FU, Auteur ; C. LAN, Auteur ; Z. CHEN, Auteur ; Q. LI, Auteur ; W. ZHAO, Auteur ; L. XU, Auteur ; B. BECKER, Auteur ; K. M. KENDRICK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1529-1540 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Chinese children  attentional preference bias  autism spectrum disorder  dynamic social stimuli  eye-tracking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Altered patterns of visual social attention preference detected using eye-tracking and a variety of different paradigms are increasingly proposed as sensitive biomarkers for autism spectrum disorder. However, few eye-tracking studies have compared the relative efficacy of different paradigms to discriminate between autistic compared with typically developing children and their sensitivity to specific symptoms. To target this issue, the current study used three common eye-tracking protocols contrasting social versus nonsocial stimuli in young (2-7 years old) Chinese autistic (n = 35) and typically developing (n = 34) children matched for age and gender. Protocols included dancing people versus dynamic geometrical images, biological motion (dynamic light point walking human or cat) versus nonbiological motion (scrambled controls), and child playing with toy versus toy alone. Although all three paradigms differentiated autistic and typically developing children, the dancing people versus dynamic geometry pattern paradigm was the most effective, with autistic children showing marked reductions in visual preference for dancing people and correspondingly increased one for geometric patterns. Furthermore, this altered visual preference in autistic children was correlated with the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule social affect score and had the highest discrimination accuracy. Our results therefore indicate that decreased visual preference for dynamic social stimuli may be the most effective visual attention-based paradigm for use as a biomarker for autism in Chinese children. Clinical trial ID: NCT03286621 (clinicaltrials.gov); Clinical trial name: Development of Eye-tracking Based Markers for Autism in Young Children. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1529-1540. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Eye-tracking measures may be useful in aiding diagnosis and treatment of autism, although it is unclear which specific tasks are optimal. Here we compare the ability of three different social eye-gaze tasks to discriminate between autistic and typically developing young Chinese children and their sensitivity to specific autistic symptoms. Our results show that a dynamic task comparing visual preference for social (individuals dancing) versus geometric patterns is the most effective both for diagnosing autism and sensitivity to its social affect symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2174 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=408 [article] Comparison of three different eye-tracking tasks for distinguishing autistic from typically developing children and autistic symptom severity [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. KOU, Auteur ; J. LE, Auteur ; M. FU, Auteur ; C. LAN, Auteur ; Z. CHEN, Auteur ; Q. LI, Auteur ; W. ZHAO, Auteur ; L. XU, Auteur ; B. BECKER, Auteur ; K. M. KENDRICK, Auteur . - p.1529-1540. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-10 (October 2019) . - p.1529-1540 Mots-clés : Chinese children  attentional preference bias  autism spectrum disorder  dynamic social stimuli  eye-tracking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Altered patterns of visual social attention preference detected using eye-tracking and a variety of different paradigms are increasingly proposed as sensitive biomarkers for autism spectrum disorder. However, few eye-tracking studies have compared the relative efficacy of different paradigms to discriminate between autistic compared with typically developing children and their sensitivity to specific symptoms. To target this issue, the current study used three common eye-tracking protocols contrasting social versus nonsocial stimuli in young (2-7 years old) Chinese autistic (n = 35) and typically developing (n = 34) children matched for age and gender. Protocols included dancing people versus dynamic geometrical images, biological motion (dynamic light point walking human or cat) versus nonbiological motion (scrambled controls), and child playing with toy versus toy alone. Although all three paradigms differentiated autistic and typically developing children, the dancing people versus dynamic geometry pattern paradigm was the most effective, with autistic children showing marked reductions in visual preference for dancing people and correspondingly increased one for geometric patterns. Furthermore, this altered visual preference in autistic children was correlated with the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule social affect score and had the highest discrimination accuracy. Our results therefore indicate that decreased visual preference for dynamic social stimuli may be the most effective visual attention-based paradigm for use as a biomarker for autism in Chinese children. Clinical trial ID: NCT03286621 (clinicaltrials.gov); Clinical trial name: Development of Eye-tracking Based Markers for Autism in Young Children. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1529-1540. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Eye-tracking measures may be useful in aiding diagnosis and treatment of autism, although it is unclear which specific tasks are optimal. Here we compare the ability of three different social eye-gaze tasks to discriminate between autistic and typically developing young Chinese children and their sensitivity to specific autistic symptoms. Our results show that a dynamic task comparing visual preference for social (individuals dancing) versus geometric patterns is the most effective both for diagnosing autism and sensitivity to its social affect symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2174 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=408

Facial emotion training as an intervention in autism spectrum disorder: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials / Q. ZHANG in Autism Research, 14-10 (October 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-10 (October 2021) . - p.2169-2182 Titre : Facial emotion training as an intervention in autism spectrum disorder: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Q. ZHANG, Auteur ; R. WU, Auteur ; S. ZHU, Auteur ; J. LE, Auteur ; Y. CHEN, Auteur ; C. LAN, Auteur ; S. YAO, Auteur ; W. ZHAO, Auteur ; K. M. KENDRICK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2169-2182 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/therapy  Emotions  Facial Recognition  Humans  Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic  Social Skills  autism spectrum disorder  emotion expression  emotion recognition  emotion understanding  facial emotion training  meta-analysis  social skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A large number of computer-based training programs have been developed as an intervention to help individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) improve their facial emotion recognition ability, as well as social skills. However, it is unclear to what extent these facial emotion training programs can produce beneficial, long-lasting, and generalizable results. Using standard meta-analytic techniques, we investigated the effects of facial emotion training including generalization and maintenance restricted to randomized control trial studies comprising a total of 595 individuals with ASD. Our findings revealed that the intervention resulted in a robust improvement in emotion recognition for individuals receiving training compared with controls. However, while there was also some evidence for generalization of training effects, the small number of studies which conducted follow-ups and assessed social skills reported that improvements were not maintained and there was no evidence for general improvement in social skills. Overall, the analysis revealed a medium effect size in training improvement indicating that facial emotion training may be an effective method for enhancing emotion recognition skills in ASD although more studies are required to assess maintenance of effects and possible general improvements in social skills. LAY SUMMARY: Facial emotion training as an intervention may be a potential way to help improve emotion recognition in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), however robust empirical support for its efficacy has not been sufficiently established. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis of previous studies to summarize the effects of facial emotion training on ASD. Our results show that the training produces a robust improvement in subsequent emotion recognition, while maintenance and generalization effects still need further investigation. To date, no experimentally verified improvements in social skills have been reported. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2565 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Facial emotion training as an intervention in autism spectrum disorder: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Q. ZHANG, Auteur ; R. WU, Auteur ; S. ZHU, Auteur ; J. LE, Auteur ; Y. CHEN, Auteur ; C. LAN, Auteur ; S. YAO, Auteur ; W. ZHAO, Auteur ; K. M. KENDRICK, Auteur . - p.2169-2182. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-10 (October 2021) . - p.2169-2182 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/therapy  Emotions  Facial Recognition  Humans  Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic  Social Skills  autism spectrum disorder  emotion expression  emotion recognition  emotion understanding  facial emotion training  meta-analysis  social skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A large number of computer-based training programs have been developed as an intervention to help individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) improve their facial emotion recognition ability, as well as social skills. However, it is unclear to what extent these facial emotion training programs can produce beneficial, long-lasting, and generalizable results. Using standard meta-analytic techniques, we investigated the effects of facial emotion training including generalization and maintenance restricted to randomized control trial studies comprising a total of 595 individuals with ASD. Our findings revealed that the intervention resulted in a robust improvement in emotion recognition for individuals receiving training compared with controls. However, while there was also some evidence for generalization of training effects, the small number of studies which conducted follow-ups and assessed social skills reported that improvements were not maintained and there was no evidence for general improvement in social skills. Overall, the analysis revealed a medium effect size in training improvement indicating that facial emotion training may be an effective method for enhancing emotion recognition skills in ASD although more studies are required to assess maintenance of effects and possible general improvements in social skills. LAY SUMMARY: Facial emotion training as an intervention may be a potential way to help improve emotion recognition in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), however robust empirical support for its efficacy has not been sufficiently established. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis of previous studies to summarize the effects of facial emotion training on ASD. Our results show that the training produces a robust improvement in subsequent emotion recognition, while maintenance and generalization effects still need further investigation. To date, no experimentally verified improvements in social skills have been reported. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2565 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

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