Associations Among Autism Symptom Domains and Facets of Caregiver Strain / Sophie BRUNT in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54-4 (April 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-4 (April 2024) . - p.1507-1516 Titre : Associations Among Autism Symptom Domains and Facets of Caregiver Strain Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sophie BRUNT, Auteur ; Rose NEVILL, Auteur ; Micah O. MAZUREK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1507-1516 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience elevated levels of caregiver strain (CGS). Few studies have examined the relationship between core ASD symptoms and each facet of CGS: objective, subjective internalized, and subjective externalized strain. The predictive effect of core and associated features of ASD on CGS facets were investigated, while also exploring the moderating effect of age. Atypical behaviors and behavior problems were the strongest predictors of all types of caregiver strain. For younger children, more repetitive behaviors predicted higher externalized strain, yet the opposite was true for parents of adolescents. Given that caregiver strain impacts parents' service utilization patterns, future research should focus on strategies to support parents in reducing caregiver strain. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05885-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=526 [article] Associations Among Autism Symptom Domains and Facets of Caregiver Strain [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sophie BRUNT, Auteur ; Rose NEVILL, Auteur ; Micah O. MAZUREK, Auteur . - p.1507-1516. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-4 (April 2024) . - p.1507-1516 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience elevated levels of caregiver strain (CGS). Few studies have examined the relationship between core ASD symptoms and each facet of CGS: objective, subjective internalized, and subjective externalized strain. The predictive effect of core and associated features of ASD on CGS facets were investigated, while also exploring the moderating effect of age. Atypical behaviors and behavior problems were the strongest predictors of all types of caregiver strain. For younger children, more repetitive behaviors predicted higher externalized strain, yet the opposite was true for parents of adolescents. Given that caregiver strain impacts parents' service utilization patterns, future research should focus on strategies to support parents in reducing caregiver strain. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05885-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=526

Inner experiences, mental health, and well-being in autistic and non-autistic adults / Micah O. MAZUREK in Autism Research, 17-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 17-12 (December 2024) . - p.2676-2688 Titre : Inner experiences, mental health, and well-being in autistic and non-autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Micah O. MAZUREK, Auteur ; Jessica PAPPAGIANOPOULOS, Auteur ; Sophie BRUNT, Auteur ; Rose NEVILL, Auteur ; Michelle MENEZES, Auteur ; Christina BURROUGHS, Auteur ; Eleonora SADIKOVA, Auteur ; Jessica V. SMITH, Auteur ; Mya HOWARD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2676-2688 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  inner speech  mental health  self-talk  verbal thinking  visual thinking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract The nature of autistic adults' everyday inner experiences has been largely unstudied. The purpose of this study was to examine patterns of inner experiences and how they relate to mental health and wellness among autistic and non-autistic adults. Autistic (n?=?303) and non-autistic (n?=?289) adults (ages 21?82) completed online surveys assessing their anxiety, depression, happiness, life satisfaction, and inner thinking patterns, (inner speaking [i.e., verbal thinking], inner seeing [i.e., visual thinking], unsymbolized thinking, feelings, sensory awareness, self-talk). Group differences in inner thinking were examined using Mann?Whitney U and chi-square tests. Correlations and multiple linear regressions examined associations between inner experiences, mental health, and well-being. Autistic adults had greater use of inner speaking and sensory awareness, compared to non-autistic adults. The most common primary mode of inner experience for both groups was inner speaking, while fewer autistic adults reported that experiencing thoughts as feelings was their primary modality. Autistic adults reported greater use of self-talk for social assessment, self-criticism, and self-management purposes, compared to non-autistic adults. Experiencing thoughts as inner speech and as feelings were associated with anxiety in both groups. Using self-talk for social assessment and self-criticism purposes was correlated with anxiety and depression in both groups, while using self-talk for self-management was associated with depression and anxiety only among autistic adults. The results suggest that autistic and non-autistic adults have similarities in overall patterns of inner thinking, yet autistic adults may be more likely to engage in self-talk as a strategy to manage challenging day-to-day experiences. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.3273 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=544 [article] Inner experiences, mental health, and well-being in autistic and non-autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Micah O. MAZUREK, Auteur ; Jessica PAPPAGIANOPOULOS, Auteur ; Sophie BRUNT, Auteur ; Rose NEVILL, Auteur ; Michelle MENEZES, Auteur ; Christina BURROUGHS, Auteur ; Eleonora SADIKOVA, Auteur ; Jessica V. SMITH, Auteur ; Mya HOWARD, Auteur . - p.2676-2688. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 17-12 (December 2024) . - p.2676-2688 Mots-clés : autism  inner speech  mental health  self-talk  verbal thinking  visual thinking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract The nature of autistic adults' everyday inner experiences has been largely unstudied. The purpose of this study was to examine patterns of inner experiences and how they relate to mental health and wellness among autistic and non-autistic adults. Autistic (n?=?303) and non-autistic (n?=?289) adults (ages 21?82) completed online surveys assessing their anxiety, depression, happiness, life satisfaction, and inner thinking patterns, (inner speaking [i.e., verbal thinking], inner seeing [i.e., visual thinking], unsymbolized thinking, feelings, sensory awareness, self-talk). Group differences in inner thinking were examined using Mann?Whitney U and chi-square tests. Correlations and multiple linear regressions examined associations between inner experiences, mental health, and well-being. Autistic adults had greater use of inner speaking and sensory awareness, compared to non-autistic adults. The most common primary mode of inner experience for both groups was inner speaking, while fewer autistic adults reported that experiencing thoughts as feelings was their primary modality. Autistic adults reported greater use of self-talk for social assessment, self-criticism, and self-management purposes, compared to non-autistic adults. Experiencing thoughts as inner speech and as feelings were associated with anxiety in both groups. Using self-talk for social assessment and self-criticism purposes was correlated with anxiety and depression in both groups, while using self-talk for self-management was associated with depression and anxiety only among autistic adults. The results suggest that autistic and non-autistic adults have similarities in overall patterns of inner thinking, yet autistic adults may be more likely to engage in self-talk as a strategy to manage challenging day-to-day experiences. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.3273 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=544

Multi-stage Screening in Early Intervention: A Critical Strategy for Improving ASD Identification and Addressing Disparities / Abbey EISENHOWER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-3 (March 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-3 (March 2021) . - p.868-883 Titre : Multi-stage Screening in Early Intervention: A Critical Strategy for Improving ASD Identification and Addressing Disparities Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Abbey EISENHOWER, Auteur ; Frances MARTINEZ PEDRAZA, Auteur ; R. Christopher SHELDRICK, Auteur ; Elizabeth FRENETTE, Auteur ; Noah HOCH, Auteur ; Sophie BRUNT, Auteur ; Alice S. CARTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.868-883 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Early detection  Health disparities  Screening Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Health disparities in ASD detection affect children's access to subsequent interventions. We examined potential disparities in implementation of a multi-stage ASD screening and diagnostic evaluation protocol in Part C Early Intervention with 4943 children ages 14-36 months (mean 22.0 months; 62.9% boys, 73.3% children of color, 34.9% non-English-primary language, 64.5% publicly-insured). Participation and follow-through were high (64.9% and 65.3% at first- and second-stage screening, respectively, 84.6% at diagnostic evaluation). Logistic regressions identified predictors of screening participation and outcomes at each stage; demographic differences (race, language, public insurance) were observed only at first-stage screening and reflected higher participation for children of color and higher positive screens for publicly-insured children. Results suggest the multi-stage screening protocol shows promise in addressing disparities in early diagnosis. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04429-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Multi-stage Screening in Early Intervention: A Critical Strategy for Improving ASD Identification and Addressing Disparities [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Abbey EISENHOWER, Auteur ; Frances MARTINEZ PEDRAZA, Auteur ; R. Christopher SHELDRICK, Auteur ; Elizabeth FRENETTE, Auteur ; Noah HOCH, Auteur ; Sophie BRUNT, Auteur ; Alice S. CARTER, Auteur . - p.868-883. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-3 (March 2021) . - p.868-883 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Early detection  Health disparities  Screening Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Health disparities in ASD detection affect children's access to subsequent interventions. We examined potential disparities in implementation of a multi-stage ASD screening and diagnostic evaluation protocol in Part C Early Intervention with 4943 children ages 14-36 months (mean 22.0 months; 62.9% boys, 73.3% children of color, 34.9% non-English-primary language, 64.5% publicly-insured). Participation and follow-through were high (64.9% and 65.3% at first- and second-stage screening, respectively, 84.6% at diagnostic evaluation). Logistic regressions identified predictors of screening participation and outcomes at each stage; demographic differences (race, language, public insurance) were observed only at first-stage screening and reflected higher participation for children of color and higher positive screens for publicly-insured children. Results suggest the multi-stage screening protocol shows promise in addressing disparities in early diagnosis. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04429-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

The impact of COVID-19 on receipt of health services among children with and without autism / Sophie BRUNT in Autism, 28-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.580-586 Titre : The impact of COVID-19 on receipt of health services among children with and without autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sophie BRUNT, Auteur ; Eleonora SADIKOVA, Auteur ; Jessica PAPPAGIANOPOULOS, Auteur ; Micah O. MAZUREK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.580-586 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  COVID-19  health disparities  health services  NSCH Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted a range of health services for children across the United States. Autistic children have well-documented deficits in health-related services compared to nonautistic children. Parents of autistic children reported an increase in mental health and behavior problems with the onset of the pandemic, increasing the need for supportive services. The current study used data from the National Survey of Children?s Health from 2019 and 2020 to conduct logistic regressions predicting the likelihood of having unmet service needs before and after the onset of the pandemic. Results suggested that autistic children were more likely to have unmet medical, dental, and mental health service needs across years compared to nonautistic children, but there were no interactions by year. All children experienced an increased likelihood of having unmet needs from pre- to post-pandemic. Results suggest that although the pandemic disrupted services across the board, autistic children lacked health services regardless of the pandemic, pointing to persisting disparities in service receipt. A discussion of ongoing barriers to services and issues related to virtual services is included. Future research should further investigate the feasibility of virtual services as well as ways of reducing barriers to all services for autistic children. Lay abstract The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted doctor?s and dental visits, mental health treatments, and other special therapies for children across the United States. Prior research has found that autistic children were more likely to lack these services even before the pandemic, but they experienced more mental health and behavior problems with the onset of the pandemic, increasing the need for these services. This study analyzed data from before (2019) and after (2020) the onset of the pandemic to determine whether autistic children had even more severe disruptions in services after the pandemic started compared to nonautistic children. We found that autistic children were more likely to have unmet medical, dental, and mental health needs in both 2019 and 2020. Overall, children experienced increased disruptions from 2019 to 2020, but this did not differ by diagnosis. Our results suggest that there are persisting gaps in autistic children?s healthcare regardless of the pandemic. We discuss issues surrounding barriers to services for autistic children and issues surrounding virtual services, such as teletherapy. Future research should further explore how to reduce barriers to services for autistic children, including virtual and in-person services. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231176930 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] The impact of COVID-19 on receipt of health services among children with and without autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sophie BRUNT, Auteur ; Eleonora SADIKOVA, Auteur ; Jessica PAPPAGIANOPOULOS, Auteur ; Micah O. MAZUREK, Auteur . - p.580-586. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-3 (March 2024) . - p.580-586 Mots-clés : autism  COVID-19  health disparities  health services  NSCH Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted a range of health services for children across the United States. Autistic children have well-documented deficits in health-related services compared to nonautistic children. Parents of autistic children reported an increase in mental health and behavior problems with the onset of the pandemic, increasing the need for supportive services. The current study used data from the National Survey of Children?s Health from 2019 and 2020 to conduct logistic regressions predicting the likelihood of having unmet service needs before and after the onset of the pandemic. Results suggested that autistic children were more likely to have unmet medical, dental, and mental health service needs across years compared to nonautistic children, but there were no interactions by year. All children experienced an increased likelihood of having unmet needs from pre- to post-pandemic. Results suggest that although the pandemic disrupted services across the board, autistic children lacked health services regardless of the pandemic, pointing to persisting disparities in service receipt. A discussion of ongoing barriers to services and issues related to virtual services is included. Future research should further investigate the feasibility of virtual services as well as ways of reducing barriers to all services for autistic children. Lay abstract The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted doctor?s and dental visits, mental health treatments, and other special therapies for children across the United States. Prior research has found that autistic children were more likely to lack these services even before the pandemic, but they experienced more mental health and behavior problems with the onset of the pandemic, increasing the need for these services. This study analyzed data from before (2019) and after (2020) the onset of the pandemic to determine whether autistic children had even more severe disruptions in services after the pandemic started compared to nonautistic children. We found that autistic children were more likely to have unmet medical, dental, and mental health needs in both 2019 and 2020. Overall, children experienced increased disruptions from 2019 to 2020, but this did not differ by diagnosis. Our results suggest that there are persisting gaps in autistic children?s healthcare regardless of the pandemic. We discuss issues surrounding barriers to services for autistic children and issues surrounding virtual services, such as teletherapy. Future research should further explore how to reduce barriers to services for autistic children, including virtual and in-person services. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231176930 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

Understanding autism diagnosis in primary care: Rates of diagnosis from 2004 to 2019 and child age at diagnosis / Jessica V. SMITH in Autism, 28-10 (October 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-10 (October 2024) . - p.2637-2646 Titre : Understanding autism diagnosis in primary care: Rates of diagnosis from 2004 to 2019 and child age at diagnosis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jessica V. SMITH, Auteur ; Michelle MENEZES, Auteur ; Sophie BRUNT, Auteur ; Jessica PAPPAGIANOPOULOS, Auteur ; Eleonora SADIKOVA, Auteur ; Micah O MAZUREK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2637-2646 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : age at diagnosis  autism  capacity-building  diagnostic timing  early identification  primary care Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The capacity of the workforce lags behind the current demand for timely autism diagnostic assessment. Primary care providers (PCPs) are well-positioned to diagnose autism at earlier ages than providers from other disciplines. Thus, bolstering PCPs' diagnostic capabilities has been the focus of many recent capacity-building initiatives. Using data from the National Survey of Children?s Health, this study aimed to evaluate whether diagnosis of autism in primary care has changed over time and whether diagnosis in primary care relates to age at autism diagnosis. Results indicated that the likelihood of being diagnosed with autism by a PCP decreased by about 2% with every passing year from 2004 to 2019 when controlling for demographic characteristics. PCPs diagnosed children approximately 1 year earlier than non-PCPs (e.g., psychiatrists and psychologists), which supports the critical role PCPs can play in timely diagnosis. Further research is needed to understand why the proportion of children diagnosed by PCPs has decreased over time; however, these findings suggest that capacity-building initiatives have not yet reached community practice. Future research should focus on the dissemination and implementation of training initiatives in community-based primary care practices. Lay abstract The current demand for autism diagnostic services exceeds the ability of the workforce to assess and diagnose children in a timely manner. One solution may be to equip primary care providers (PCPs) with the tools and expertise needed to diagnose autism within their practice. PCPs are often trusted professionals who have many touchpoints with children during early development, in which they can identify early signs of autism. Recent initiatives have focused on bolstering PCPs' diagnostic capabilities; however, no studies have examined how the rates of autism diagnosis in primary care have changed over time. We aimed to evaluate whether autism diagnosis in primary care has changed over time and how diagnosis in primary care relates to a child?s age at the time of diagnosis. We found that the likelihood of a child being diagnosed by a PCP decreased by about 2% with every passing year from 2004 to 2019 when accounting for demographic characteristics. In our sample, PCPs diagnosed children approximately 1 year earlier than non-PCPs (e.g., psychologists and psychiatrists). Further research is needed to understand why the proportion of children diagnosed by PCPs decreases over time. However, this decrease suggests more work is needed to get capacity-building initiatives into community primary care practice. Though we must continue to find effective ways to build community PCPs' ability to diagnose autism, the present findings support the crucial role PCPs can play in early autism diagnosis. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241236112 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=536 [article] Understanding autism diagnosis in primary care: Rates of diagnosis from 2004 to 2019 and child age at diagnosis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jessica V. SMITH, Auteur ; Michelle MENEZES, Auteur ; Sophie BRUNT, Auteur ; Jessica PAPPAGIANOPOULOS, Auteur ; Eleonora SADIKOVA, Auteur ; Micah O MAZUREK, Auteur . - p.2637-2646. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-10 (October 2024) . - p.2637-2646 Mots-clés : age at diagnosis  autism  capacity-building  diagnostic timing  early identification  primary care Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The capacity of the workforce lags behind the current demand for timely autism diagnostic assessment. Primary care providers (PCPs) are well-positioned to diagnose autism at earlier ages than providers from other disciplines. Thus, bolstering PCPs' diagnostic capabilities has been the focus of many recent capacity-building initiatives. Using data from the National Survey of Children?s Health, this study aimed to evaluate whether diagnosis of autism in primary care has changed over time and whether diagnosis in primary care relates to age at autism diagnosis. Results indicated that the likelihood of being diagnosed with autism by a PCP decreased by about 2% with every passing year from 2004 to 2019 when controlling for demographic characteristics. PCPs diagnosed children approximately 1 year earlier than non-PCPs (e.g., psychiatrists and psychologists), which supports the critical role PCPs can play in timely diagnosis. Further research is needed to understand why the proportion of children diagnosed by PCPs has decreased over time; however, these findings suggest that capacity-building initiatives have not yet reached community practice. Future research should focus on the dissemination and implementation of training initiatives in community-based primary care practices. Lay abstract The current demand for autism diagnostic services exceeds the ability of the workforce to assess and diagnose children in a timely manner. One solution may be to equip primary care providers (PCPs) with the tools and expertise needed to diagnose autism within their practice. PCPs are often trusted professionals who have many touchpoints with children during early development, in which they can identify early signs of autism. Recent initiatives have focused on bolstering PCPs' diagnostic capabilities; however, no studies have examined how the rates of autism diagnosis in primary care have changed over time. We aimed to evaluate whether autism diagnosis in primary care has changed over time and how diagnosis in primary care relates to a child?s age at the time of diagnosis. We found that the likelihood of a child being diagnosed by a PCP decreased by about 2% with every passing year from 2004 to 2019 when accounting for demographic characteristics. In our sample, PCPs diagnosed children approximately 1 year earlier than non-PCPs (e.g., psychologists and psychiatrists). Further research is needed to understand why the proportion of children diagnosed by PCPs decreases over time. However, this decrease suggests more work is needed to get capacity-building initiatives into community primary care practice. Though we must continue to find effective ways to build community PCPs' ability to diagnose autism, the present findings support the crucial role PCPs can play in early autism diagnosis. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241236112 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=536

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