Individual differences in sensitivity to the early environment as a function of amygdala and hippocampus volumes: An exploratory analysis in 12-year-old boys / Michael PLUESS in Development and Psychopathology, 34-3 (August 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 34-3 (August 2022) . - p.901-910 Titre : Individual differences in sensitivity to the early environment as a function of amygdala and hippocampus volumes: An exploratory analysis in 12-year-old boys Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michael PLUESS, Auteur ; Stephane A. DE BRITO, Auteur ; Alice Jones BARTOLI, Auteur ; Eamon MCCRORY, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.901-910 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : amygdala  differential susceptibility  environmental sensitivity  hippocampus  vantage sensitivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children differ in their response to environmental exposures, with some being more sensitive to contextual factors than others. According to theory, such variability is the result of individual differences in neurobiological sensitivity to environmental features, with some individuals generally more affected by both negative and/or positive experiences. In this exploratory study we tested whether left and right amygdala and hippocampus volumes (corrected for total brain size) account for individual differences in response to environmental influences in a sample of 62 boys. Cumulative general environmental quality, ranging from low to high, was measured across the first 9 years and child behavior was reported by teachers when boys were 12 “13 years old. According to analyses, only the left amygdala volume “ not any of the other brain volumes “ emerged as an important brain region for sensitivity to positive environmental aspects. Boys with a larger left amygdala benefited significantly more from higher environmental quality than boys with a smaller left amygdala whilst not being more vulnerable to lower quality. Besides providing preliminary evidence for differences in environmental sensitivity due to brain structure, the results also point to the left amygdala as having a specific role regarding the response to environmental influences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579420001698 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=485 [article] Individual differences in sensitivity to the early environment as a function of amygdala and hippocampus volumes: An exploratory analysis in 12-year-old boys [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michael PLUESS, Auteur ; Stephane A. DE BRITO, Auteur ; Alice Jones BARTOLI, Auteur ; Eamon MCCRORY, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur . - p.901-910. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 34-3 (August 2022) . - p.901-910 Mots-clés : amygdala  differential susceptibility  environmental sensitivity  hippocampus  vantage sensitivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children differ in their response to environmental exposures, with some being more sensitive to contextual factors than others. According to theory, such variability is the result of individual differences in neurobiological sensitivity to environmental features, with some individuals generally more affected by both negative and/or positive experiences. In this exploratory study we tested whether left and right amygdala and hippocampus volumes (corrected for total brain size) account for individual differences in response to environmental influences in a sample of 62 boys. Cumulative general environmental quality, ranging from low to high, was measured across the first 9 years and child behavior was reported by teachers when boys were 12 “13 years old. According to analyses, only the left amygdala volume “ not any of the other brain volumes “ emerged as an important brain region for sensitivity to positive environmental aspects. Boys with a larger left amygdala benefited significantly more from higher environmental quality than boys with a smaller left amygdala whilst not being more vulnerable to lower quality. Besides providing preliminary evidence for differences in environmental sensitivity due to brain structure, the results also point to the left amygdala as having a specific role regarding the response to environmental influences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579420001698 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=485

Trust and childhood maltreatment: evidence of bias in appraisal of unfamiliar faces / Louise NEIL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-6 (June 2022) . - p.655-662 Titre : Trust and childhood maltreatment: evidence of bias in appraisal of unfamiliar faces Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Louise NEIL, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Diana ARMBRUSTER-GENC, Auteur ; Matteo LISI, Auteur ; Isabelle MARESCHAL, Auteur ; Georgia RANKIN, Auteur ; Molly SHARP, Auteur ; Harriet PHILLIPS, Auteur ; Jessica RAPLEY, Auteur ; Peter MARTIN, Auteur ; Eamon MCCRORY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.655-662 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Maltreatment  childhood adversity  face processing  peer relationships  trust Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Child maltreatment is associated with poorer social functioning and increased risk of mental health problems in adolescence and adulthood, but the processes underlying these associations remain unclear. Although crucial for establishing and maintaining relationships, trust judgements have not been experimentally investigated in children who have experienced abuse and neglect. METHODS: A community-based sample of 75 children aged 8-16?years with maltreatment documented on the basis of social services records, and a group of 70 peers matched on age, gender, cognitive ability, socioeconomic status, and ethnicity took part in the study. Children completed a trustworthiness face-judgement task in which they appraised the trustworthiness of unfamiliar facial stimuli varying along a computationally modelled trustworthiness dimension. RESULTS: In line with clinical observations that childhood maltreatment is associated with an atypical pattern of trust processing, children with maltreatment experience were significantly less likely than their peers to rate unfamiliar faces as trustworthy. Moreover, they were more variable in their trust attributions than their peers. CONCLUSIONS: The study provides compelling experimental evidence that children with documented maltreatment perceive others as less trustworthy than their peers and are less consistent in their estimates of trustworthiness in others. Over time, alterations in trust processing may disrupt the development of social bonds and contribute to 'social thinning' (a reduction in the extent and quality of social relationships), leaving children more vulnerable to environmental stressors, increasing risk of mental health difficulties. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13503 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=475 [article] Trust and childhood maltreatment: evidence of bias in appraisal of unfamiliar faces [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Louise NEIL, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Diana ARMBRUSTER-GENC, Auteur ; Matteo LISI, Auteur ; Isabelle MARESCHAL, Auteur ; Georgia RANKIN, Auteur ; Molly SHARP, Auteur ; Harriet PHILLIPS, Auteur ; Jessica RAPLEY, Auteur ; Peter MARTIN, Auteur ; Eamon MCCRORY, Auteur . - p.655-662. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-6 (June 2022) . - p.655-662 Mots-clés : Maltreatment  childhood adversity  face processing  peer relationships  trust Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Child maltreatment is associated with poorer social functioning and increased risk of mental health problems in adolescence and adulthood, but the processes underlying these associations remain unclear. Although crucial for establishing and maintaining relationships, trust judgements have not been experimentally investigated in children who have experienced abuse and neglect. METHODS: A community-based sample of 75 children aged 8-16?years with maltreatment documented on the basis of social services records, and a group of 70 peers matched on age, gender, cognitive ability, socioeconomic status, and ethnicity took part in the study. Children completed a trustworthiness face-judgement task in which they appraised the trustworthiness of unfamiliar facial stimuli varying along a computationally modelled trustworthiness dimension. RESULTS: In line with clinical observations that childhood maltreatment is associated with an atypical pattern of trust processing, children with maltreatment experience were significantly less likely than their peers to rate unfamiliar faces as trustworthy. Moreover, they were more variable in their trust attributions than their peers. CONCLUSIONS: The study provides compelling experimental evidence that children with documented maltreatment perceive others as less trustworthy than their peers and are less consistent in their estimates of trustworthiness in others. Over time, alterations in trust processing may disrupt the development of social bonds and contribute to 'social thinning' (a reduction in the extent and quality of social relationships), leaving children more vulnerable to environmental stressors, increasing risk of mental health difficulties. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13503 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=475

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