Autism spectrum disorder and obstetric optimality: a twin study and meta-analysis of sibling studies / Sandra GÓMEZ-VALLEJO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-11 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-11 (November 2021) . - p.1353-1362 Titre : Autism spectrum disorder and obstetric optimality: a twin study and meta-analysis of sibling studies Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sandra GÓMEZ-VALLEJO, Auteur ; Marguerite LEONI, Auteur ; Angelica RONALD, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1353-1362 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/etiology/genetics  Autistic Disorder  Child  Diseases in Twins  Female  Humans  Infant, Newborn  Pregnancy  Siblings  Twins  Autism spectrum disorder  genetics  obstetric complications Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a strong genetic basis. Recent studies have suggested that its aetiology is also influenced by environmental factors. Some of the most examined environmental factors are obstetric complications. However, the results are inconsistent. METHODS: We aimed to explore the association between obstetric complications and autism in a population-based twin sample using the Obstetric Enquiry Scale (OES), a scale that measures the presence or absence of pre-, peri- and neonatal factors. Additionally, we report the meta-analytic results for obstetrical factors reported in previously published sibling studies. RESULTS: Our study included 115 cases pairs and 62 controls pairs and showed that children with autism and their unaffected co-twins present significantly more obstetric complications than controls (ASD vs. controls β 1.26, CI 95% 1.11-1.40 p < .001; unaffected co-twin vs. controls β 1.20, 95% CI 1.07-1.36 p < .003). However, we did not find statistically significant differences between children with ASD and their unaffected co-twins (β .96, 95% CI 0.85-1.09, p 0.55). Meta-analysis demonstrated that maternal hypertension (RR 1.35, CI 95% 1.23-1.48), uterine bleeding (RR 1.20 CI 95% 1.01-1.42) and exposure to antibiotic during pregnancy (1.11 CI 95% 1.00-1.22) increase risk of ASD. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that children with ASD and their unaffected twins show more obstetric complications than controls. However, these complications do not distinguish between ASD twins and their unaffected co-twins. In addition, the meta-analysis showed little influence of birth factors on ASD which suggests a shared familial liability for both obstetric complications and autism, rather than a causal association. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13526 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456 [article] Autism spectrum disorder and obstetric optimality: a twin study and meta-analysis of sibling studies [texte imprimé] / Sandra GÓMEZ-VALLEJO, Auteur ; Marguerite LEONI, Auteur ; Angelica RONALD, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur . - p.1353-1362. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-11 (November 2021) . - p.1353-1362 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/etiology/genetics  Autistic Disorder  Child  Diseases in Twins  Female  Humans  Infant, Newborn  Pregnancy  Siblings  Twins  Autism spectrum disorder  genetics  obstetric complications Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a strong genetic basis. Recent studies have suggested that its aetiology is also influenced by environmental factors. Some of the most examined environmental factors are obstetric complications. However, the results are inconsistent. METHODS: We aimed to explore the association between obstetric complications and autism in a population-based twin sample using the Obstetric Enquiry Scale (OES), a scale that measures the presence or absence of pre-, peri- and neonatal factors. Additionally, we report the meta-analytic results for obstetrical factors reported in previously published sibling studies. RESULTS: Our study included 115 cases pairs and 62 controls pairs and showed that children with autism and their unaffected co-twins present significantly more obstetric complications than controls (ASD vs. controls β 1.26, CI 95% 1.11-1.40 p < .001; unaffected co-twin vs. controls β 1.20, 95% CI 1.07-1.36 p < .003). However, we did not find statistically significant differences between children with ASD and their unaffected co-twins (β .96, 95% CI 0.85-1.09, p 0.55). Meta-analysis demonstrated that maternal hypertension (RR 1.35, CI 95% 1.23-1.48), uterine bleeding (RR 1.20 CI 95% 1.01-1.42) and exposure to antibiotic during pregnancy (1.11 CI 95% 1.00-1.22) increase risk of ASD. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that children with ASD and their unaffected twins show more obstetric complications than controls. However, these complications do not distinguish between ASD twins and their unaffected co-twins. In addition, the meta-analysis showed little influence of birth factors on ASD which suggests a shared familial liability for both obstetric complications and autism, rather than a causal association. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13526 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456

Distinct Neurodevelopmental Trajectories in Groups of Very Preterm Children Screening Positively for Autism Spectrum Conditions / Lucy VANES ; Vyacheslav KAROLIS ; Dana KANEL ; Marguerite LEONI ; Francesca HAPPE ; A. David EDWARDS ; Serena J. COUNSELL ; Dafnis BATALLE ; Chiara NOSARTI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54-1 (January 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-1 (January 2024) . - p.256-269 Titre : Distinct Neurodevelopmental Trajectories in Groups of Very Preterm Children Screening Positively for Autism Spectrum Conditions Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lucy VANES, Auteur ; Vyacheslav KAROLIS, Auteur ; Dana KANEL, Auteur ; Marguerite LEONI, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; A. David EDWARDS, Auteur ; Serena J. COUNSELL, Auteur ; Dafnis BATALLE, Auteur ; Chiara NOSARTI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.256-269 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Very preterm (VPT;?< 33 weeks? gestation) toddlers screening positively for autism spectrum conditions (ASC) may display heterogenous neurodevelopmental trajectories. Here we studied neonatal brain volumes and childhood ASC traits evaluated with the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS-2) in VPT-born toddlers (N 371; median age 20.17 months) sub-divided into three groups based on their Modified-Checklist for Autism in Toddlers scores. These were: those screening positively failing at least 2 critical items (critical-positive); failing any 3 items, but less than 2 critical items (non-critical-positive); and screening negatively. Critical-positive scorers had smaller neonatal cerebellar volumes compared to non-critical-positive and negative scorers. However, both positive screening groups exhibited higher childhood ASC traits compared to the negative screening group, suggesting distinct aetiological trajectories associated with ASC outcomes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05789-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=520 [article] Distinct Neurodevelopmental Trajectories in Groups of Very Preterm Children Screening Positively for Autism Spectrum Conditions [texte imprimé] / Lucy VANES, Auteur ; Vyacheslav KAROLIS, Auteur ; Dana KANEL, Auteur ; Marguerite LEONI, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; A. David EDWARDS, Auteur ; Serena J. COUNSELL, Auteur ; Dafnis BATALLE, Auteur ; Chiara NOSARTI, Auteur . - p.256-269. in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-1 (January 2024) . - p.256-269 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Very preterm (VPT;?< 33 weeks? gestation) toddlers screening positively for autism spectrum conditions (ASC) may display heterogenous neurodevelopmental trajectories. Here we studied neonatal brain volumes and childhood ASC traits evaluated with the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS-2) in VPT-born toddlers (N 371; median age 20.17 months) sub-divided into three groups based on their Modified-Checklist for Autism in Toddlers scores. These were: those screening positively failing at least 2 critical items (critical-positive); failing any 3 items, but less than 2 critical items (non-critical-positive); and screening negatively. Critical-positive scorers had smaller neonatal cerebellar volumes compared to non-critical-positive and negative scorers. However, both positive screening groups exhibited higher childhood ASC traits compared to the negative screening group, suggesting distinct aetiological trajectories associated with ASC outcomes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05789-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=520

Using EMDR with autistic individuals: A Delphi survey with EMDR therapists / Naomi FISHER in Autism, 27-1 (January 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-1 (January 2023) . - p.43-53 Titre : Using EMDR with autistic individuals: A Delphi survey with EMDR therapists Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Naomi FISHER, Auteur ; Caroline VAN DIEST, Auteur ; Marguerite LEONI, Auteur ; Debbie SPAIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.43-53 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  clinical supervision  EMDR  mental health  post-traumatic stress disorder  psychological therapy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic individuals are at greater risk of experiencing adverse and traumatic life events. Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR), a psychological therapy, is potentially effective for treating the constellation of difficulties arising from traumatic experiences, as well as mental health conditions. Yet minimal research has focused on how EMDR may require adaptation to improve its accessibility, acceptability and effectiveness for autistic individuals. In a three-round Delphi survey, 103 EMDR therapists were asked about barriers to EMDR for autistic individuals and adaptations employed to enhance therapy, so as to generate consensus about important or essential components of adaptations to EMDR. Four types of barriers were highlighted: client-related characteristics, therapist-related characteristics, differences in the therapeutic relationship and systemic issues. One hundred and twenty-four adaptations were identified, including 35 general adaptations (i.e. relevant across EMDR phases), 81 relating to specific EMDR phases and 8 about EMDR clinical supervision. Of these, 27 adaptations were used often or always by at least 80% of participants; a further 61 were sometimes incorporated within therapy, depending on the client. Study findings highlight the need for EMDR therapists to have training about autism and the potential ways of tailoring EMDR, and that individual case conceptualisation is key. Lay abstract Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a psychological therapy that can help people process memories and distress about past events, so they have less impact on their daily lives. EMDR can be effective for treating symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, including nightmares and anxiety. Psychological therapies usually require adaptation so they are more accessible and effective for autistic people, but minimal research has focused on how best EMDR can be adapted. In this online survey study, we asked 103 EMDR therapists about barriers they think autistic people face when trying to have EMDR and what adaptations they use in their everyday practice. Four barriers were highlighted: client-related characteristics, therapist-related characteristics, differences in the therapeutic relationship and broader issues. Therapists identified a range of adaptations that can potentially be useful for autistic people, relating to being flexible, communicating clearly and having an awareness of individual differences. Many therapists emphasised the importance of not making assumptions about a person based on their autism diagnosis. Overall, the study findings suggest adaptations to EMDR are likely to be useful, but how relevant they are depends on each person. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613221080254 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491 [article] Using EMDR with autistic individuals: A Delphi survey with EMDR therapists [texte imprimé] / Naomi FISHER, Auteur ; Caroline VAN DIEST, Auteur ; Marguerite LEONI, Auteur ; Debbie SPAIN, Auteur . - p.43-53. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-1 (January 2023) . - p.43-53 Mots-clés : autism  clinical supervision  EMDR  mental health  post-traumatic stress disorder  psychological therapy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic individuals are at greater risk of experiencing adverse and traumatic life events. Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR), a psychological therapy, is potentially effective for treating the constellation of difficulties arising from traumatic experiences, as well as mental health conditions. Yet minimal research has focused on how EMDR may require adaptation to improve its accessibility, acceptability and effectiveness for autistic individuals. In a three-round Delphi survey, 103 EMDR therapists were asked about barriers to EMDR for autistic individuals and adaptations employed to enhance therapy, so as to generate consensus about important or essential components of adaptations to EMDR. Four types of barriers were highlighted: client-related characteristics, therapist-related characteristics, differences in the therapeutic relationship and systemic issues. One hundred and twenty-four adaptations were identified, including 35 general adaptations (i.e. relevant across EMDR phases), 81 relating to specific EMDR phases and 8 about EMDR clinical supervision. Of these, 27 adaptations were used often or always by at least 80% of participants; a further 61 were sometimes incorporated within therapy, depending on the client. Study findings highlight the need for EMDR therapists to have training about autism and the potential ways of tailoring EMDR, and that individual case conceptualisation is key. Lay abstract Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a psychological therapy that can help people process memories and distress about past events, so they have less impact on their daily lives. EMDR can be effective for treating symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, including nightmares and anxiety. Psychological therapies usually require adaptation so they are more accessible and effective for autistic people, but minimal research has focused on how best EMDR can be adapted. In this online survey study, we asked 103 EMDR therapists about barriers they think autistic people face when trying to have EMDR and what adaptations they use in their everyday practice. Four barriers were highlighted: client-related characteristics, therapist-related characteristics, differences in the therapeutic relationship and broader issues. Therapists identified a range of adaptations that can potentially be useful for autistic people, relating to being flexible, communicating clearly and having an awareness of individual differences. Many therapists emphasised the importance of not making assumptions about a person based on their autism diagnosis. Overall, the study findings suggest adaptations to EMDR are likely to be useful, but how relevant they are depends on each person. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613221080254 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491

---

1 (1 - 3 / 3) Par page : 25 50 100 200