Discrimination and Harassment Experiences of Autistic College Students and Their Neurotypical Peers: Risk and Protective Factors / Lauren BACZEWSKI ; Maria PIZZANO ; Connie KASARI ; Alexandra STURM in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 53-12 (December 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 53-12 (December 2023) . - p.4521-4534 Titre : Discrimination and Harassment Experiences of Autistic College Students and Their Neurotypical Peers: Risk and Protective Factors Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lauren BACZEWSKI, Auteur ; Maria PIZZANO, Auteur ; Connie KASARI, Auteur ; Alexandra STURM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4521-4534 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examines autistic and non-autistic college students' experiences of discrimination and harassment and identifies protective and risk factors. A nationwide survey was used to match autistic students (N=290) and non-autistic students (N=290) on co-occurring diagnoses and demographic characteristics. Multiple regression and interaction analysis revealed that faculty support was protective against discrimination and harassment regardless of autism status. Habits of mind was particularly protective for autistic students against harassment. Any student who engaged in school-facilitated events was more likely to experience discrimination and harassment, but the risk was heightened for autistic students. Findings highlight the importance of faculty support in fostering positive interpersonal experiences on campus, and demonstrate the need to address deeper college campus issues with respect to neurodiversity. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05729-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=515 [article] Discrimination and Harassment Experiences of Autistic College Students and Their Neurotypical Peers: Risk and Protective Factors [texte imprimé] / Lauren BACZEWSKI, Auteur ; Maria PIZZANO, Auteur ; Connie KASARI, Auteur ; Alexandra STURM, Auteur . - p.4521-4534. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 53-12 (December 2023) . - p.4521-4534 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examines autistic and non-autistic college students' experiences of discrimination and harassment and identifies protective and risk factors. A nationwide survey was used to match autistic students (N=290) and non-autistic students (N=290) on co-occurring diagnoses and demographic characteristics. Multiple regression and interaction analysis revealed that faculty support was protective against discrimination and harassment regardless of autism status. Habits of mind was particularly protective for autistic students against harassment. Any student who engaged in school-facilitated events was more likely to experience discrimination and harassment, but the risk was heightened for autistic students. Findings highlight the importance of faculty support in fostering positive interpersonal experiences on campus, and demonstrate the need to address deeper college campus issues with respect to neurodiversity. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05729-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=515

Electroencephalographic spectral power as a marker of cortical function and disease severity in girls with Rett syndrome / Katherine J. ROCHE in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 11-1 (December 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 11-1 (December 2019) . - 15 p. Titre : Electroencephalographic spectral power as a marker of cortical function and disease severity in girls with Rett syndrome Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Katherine J. ROCHE, Auteur ; Jocelyn J. LEBLANC, Auteur ; April R. LEVIN, Auteur ; Heather M. O'LEARY, Auteur ; Lauren M. BACZEWSKI, Auteur ; Charles A. NELSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : 15 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Biomarker  Eeg  Electroencephalography  Electrophysiology  Rett syndrome  Spectral power Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Rett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a mutation in the X-linked MECP2 gene. Individuals with Rett syndrome typically develop normally until around 18 months of age before undergoing a developmental regression, and the disorder can lead to cognitive, motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction. Understanding the mechanism of developmental regression represents a unique challenge when viewed through a neuroscience lens. Are circuits that were previously established erased, and are new ones built to supplant old ones? One way to examine circuit-level changes is with the use of electroencephalography (EEG). Previous studies of the EEG in individuals with Rett syndrome have focused on morphological characteristics, but few have explored spectral power, including power as an index of brain function or disease severity. This study sought to determine if EEG power differs in girls with Rett syndrome and typically developing girls and among girls with Rett syndrome based on various clinical characteristics in order to better understand neural connectivity and cortical organization in individuals with this disorder. METHODS: Resting state EEG data were acquired from girls with Rett syndrome (n = 57) and typically developing children without Rett syndrome (n = 37). Clinical data were also collected for girls with Rett syndrome. EEG power across several brain regions in numerous frequency bands was then compared between girls with Rett syndrome and typically developing children and power in girls with Rett syndrome was compared based on these clinical measures. 1/f slope was also compared between groups. RESULTS: Girls with Rett syndrome demonstrate significantly lower power in the middle frequency bands across multiple brain regions. Additionally, girls with Rett syndrome that are postregression demonstrate significantly higher power in the lower frequency delta and theta bands and a significantly more negative slope of the power spectrum. Increased power in these bands, as well as a more negative 1/f slope, trended with lower cognitive assessment scores. CONCLUSIONS: Increased power in lower frequency bands is consistent with previous studies demonstrating a "slowing" of the background EEG in Rett syndrome. This increase, particularly in the delta band, could represent abnormal cortical inhibition due to dysfunctional GABAergic signaling and could potentially be used as a marker of severity due to associations with more severe Rett syndrome phenotypes. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-019-9275-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=409 [article] Electroencephalographic spectral power as a marker of cortical function and disease severity in girls with Rett syndrome [texte imprimé] / Katherine J. ROCHE, Auteur ; Jocelyn J. LEBLANC, Auteur ; April R. LEVIN, Auteur ; Heather M. O'LEARY, Auteur ; Lauren M. BACZEWSKI, Auteur ; Charles A. NELSON, Auteur . - 15 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 11-1 (December 2019) . - 15 p. Mots-clés : Biomarker  Eeg  Electroencephalography  Electrophysiology  Rett syndrome  Spectral power Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Rett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a mutation in the X-linked MECP2 gene. Individuals with Rett syndrome typically develop normally until around 18 months of age before undergoing a developmental regression, and the disorder can lead to cognitive, motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction. Understanding the mechanism of developmental regression represents a unique challenge when viewed through a neuroscience lens. Are circuits that were previously established erased, and are new ones built to supplant old ones? One way to examine circuit-level changes is with the use of electroencephalography (EEG). Previous studies of the EEG in individuals with Rett syndrome have focused on morphological characteristics, but few have explored spectral power, including power as an index of brain function or disease severity. This study sought to determine if EEG power differs in girls with Rett syndrome and typically developing girls and among girls with Rett syndrome based on various clinical characteristics in order to better understand neural connectivity and cortical organization in individuals with this disorder. METHODS: Resting state EEG data were acquired from girls with Rett syndrome (n = 57) and typically developing children without Rett syndrome (n = 37). Clinical data were also collected for girls with Rett syndrome. EEG power across several brain regions in numerous frequency bands was then compared between girls with Rett syndrome and typically developing children and power in girls with Rett syndrome was compared based on these clinical measures. 1/f slope was also compared between groups. RESULTS: Girls with Rett syndrome demonstrate significantly lower power in the middle frequency bands across multiple brain regions. Additionally, girls with Rett syndrome that are postregression demonstrate significantly higher power in the lower frequency delta and theta bands and a significantly more negative slope of the power spectrum. Increased power in these bands, as well as a more negative 1/f slope, trended with lower cognitive assessment scores. CONCLUSIONS: Increased power in lower frequency bands is consistent with previous studies demonstrating a "slowing" of the background EEG in Rett syndrome. This increase, particularly in the delta band, could represent abnormal cortical inhibition due to dysfunctional GABAergic signaling and could potentially be used as a marker of severity due to associations with more severe Rett syndrome phenotypes. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-019-9275-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=409

Phenotypic variation in neural sensory processing by deletion size, age, and sex in Phelan-McDermid syndrome / Melody Reese SMITH in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 17 (2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 17 (2025) Titre : Phenotypic variation in neural sensory processing by deletion size, age, and sex in Phelan-McDermid syndrome Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Melody Reese SMITH, Auteur ; Elizabeth BERRY-KRAVIS, Auteur ; Andrew THALIATH, Auteur ; Emily L. ISENSTEIN, Auteur ; Allison R. DURKIN, Auteur ; Jennifer FOSS-FEIG, Auteur ; Paige M. SIPER, Auteur ; Charles A. NELSON, Auteur ; Lauren BACZEWSKI, Auteur ; April R. LEVIN, Auteur ; Craig M. POWELL, Auteur ; Stormi L. PULVER, Auteur ; Matthew W. MOSCONI, Auteur ; Alexander KOLEVZON, Auteur ; Lauren E. ETHRIDGE, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans  Female  Male  Adolescent  Child  Electroencephalography  Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22/genetics  Chromosome Disorders/physiopathology/genetics  Chromosome Deletion  Phenotype  Evoked Potentials/physiology  Age Factors  Sensory Gating/physiology  Acoustic Stimulation  Brain/physiopathology  Evoked Potentials, Auditory/physiology  Auditory Perception/physiology  Sex Factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Phelan-McDermid Syndrome (PMS) is a rare genetic condition characterized by deletion or mutation of region 22q13.3, which includes the SHANK3 gene. Clinical descriptions of this population include severely impaired or absent expressive language, mildly dysmorphic features, neonatal hypotonia, developmental delays, intellectual impairments, and autistic-like traits including abnormal reactivity to sensory stimuli. Electroencephalography (EEG) has shown promise as a tool for identifying neurophysiological abnormalities in neurodevelopmental disorders. However, few EEG studies focused on sensory processing have been performed on this population. Thus, this study focuses on comparisons of event-related potential (ERP), event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP), and inter-trial coherence (ITC) between PMS and typically developing (TD) individuals in a standard auditory gating task measuring attenuation of neural activity to repetitive auditory stimuli. METHODS: A total of 37 participants, 21 PMS (12 females, age range 8-18.6 years) and 16 TD individuals (8 females, age range 8.2-15.3 years) were included. Analysis consisted of a series of general linear models using a regional (frontal) and global (whole-head) approach to characterize neural activity between PMS and TD participants by age, sex, and group. RESULTS: Most notably, individuals with PMS had delayed or low amplitude P50, N1, and P2 responses in frontal and whole-head analyses as well as poor frontal phase-locking to auditory stimuli for alpha, beta and gamma ITC, indicating impaired processing of stimulus properties. Additionally, individuals with PMS differed from TD by age in delta, theta, and alpha power, as well as frontal beta-gamma ITC, suggesting different developmental trajectories for individuals with PMS. Within PMS, larger deletion sizes were associated with increased auditory processing abnormalities for frontal P50 as well as whole-head P50 and N1. LIMITATIONS: This is one of the largest EEG studies of PMS. However, PMS is a rare genetic condition, and our small sample has limited statistical power for subgroup comparisons. Findings should be considered exploratory. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that participants with PMS exhibit auditory processing abnormalities with complex variation by deletion-size, age, and sex with congruency to impaired early recognition (P50), feature processing (N1), information integration (delta, theta), sensory processing and auditory inhibition (alpha), and inhibitory modulation of repeated auditory stimuli (beta, gamma). Findings may provide valuable insight into clinical characterization of sensory and speech behaviors in future studies. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-025-09642-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=576 [article] Phenotypic variation in neural sensory processing by deletion size, age, and sex in Phelan-McDermid syndrome [texte imprimé] / Melody Reese SMITH, Auteur ; Elizabeth BERRY-KRAVIS, Auteur ; Andrew THALIATH, Auteur ; Emily L. ISENSTEIN, Auteur ; Allison R. DURKIN, Auteur ; Jennifer FOSS-FEIG, Auteur ; Paige M. SIPER, Auteur ; Charles A. NELSON, Auteur ; Lauren BACZEWSKI, Auteur ; April R. LEVIN, Auteur ; Craig M. POWELL, Auteur ; Stormi L. PULVER, Auteur ; Matthew W. MOSCONI, Auteur ; Alexander KOLEVZON, Auteur ; Lauren E. ETHRIDGE, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 17 (2025) Mots-clés : Humans  Female  Male  Adolescent  Child  Electroencephalography  Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22/genetics  Chromosome Disorders/physiopathology/genetics  Chromosome Deletion  Phenotype  Evoked Potentials/physiology  Age Factors  Sensory Gating/physiology  Acoustic Stimulation  Brain/physiopathology  Evoked Potentials, Auditory/physiology  Auditory Perception/physiology  Sex Factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Phelan-McDermid Syndrome (PMS) is a rare genetic condition characterized by deletion or mutation of region 22q13.3, which includes the SHANK3 gene. Clinical descriptions of this population include severely impaired or absent expressive language, mildly dysmorphic features, neonatal hypotonia, developmental delays, intellectual impairments, and autistic-like traits including abnormal reactivity to sensory stimuli. Electroencephalography (EEG) has shown promise as a tool for identifying neurophysiological abnormalities in neurodevelopmental disorders. However, few EEG studies focused on sensory processing have been performed on this population. Thus, this study focuses on comparisons of event-related potential (ERP), event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP), and inter-trial coherence (ITC) between PMS and typically developing (TD) individuals in a standard auditory gating task measuring attenuation of neural activity to repetitive auditory stimuli. METHODS: A total of 37 participants, 21 PMS (12 females, age range 8-18.6 years) and 16 TD individuals (8 females, age range 8.2-15.3 years) were included. Analysis consisted of a series of general linear models using a regional (frontal) and global (whole-head) approach to characterize neural activity between PMS and TD participants by age, sex, and group. RESULTS: Most notably, individuals with PMS had delayed or low amplitude P50, N1, and P2 responses in frontal and whole-head analyses as well as poor frontal phase-locking to auditory stimuli for alpha, beta and gamma ITC, indicating impaired processing of stimulus properties. Additionally, individuals with PMS differed from TD by age in delta, theta, and alpha power, as well as frontal beta-gamma ITC, suggesting different developmental trajectories for individuals with PMS. Within PMS, larger deletion sizes were associated with increased auditory processing abnormalities for frontal P50 as well as whole-head P50 and N1. LIMITATIONS: This is one of the largest EEG studies of PMS. However, PMS is a rare genetic condition, and our small sample has limited statistical power for subgroup comparisons. Findings should be considered exploratory. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that participants with PMS exhibit auditory processing abnormalities with complex variation by deletion-size, age, and sex with congruency to impaired early recognition (P50), feature processing (N1), information integration (delta, theta), sensory processing and auditory inhibition (alpha), and inhibitory modulation of repeated auditory stimuli (beta, gamma). Findings may provide valuable insight into clinical characterization of sensory and speech behaviors in future studies. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-025-09642-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=576

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