Disconnection from others in autism is more than just a feeling: whole-brain neural synchrony in adults during implicit processing of emotional faces / Rocco MENNELLA in Molecular Autism, 8 (2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 8 (2017) . - 7p. Titre : Disconnection from others in autism is more than just a feeling: whole-brain neural synchrony in adults during implicit processing of emotional faces Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rocco MENNELLA, Auteur ; Rachel C. LEUNG, Auteur ; Margot J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Benjamin T. DUNKLEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : 7p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/*psychology  Brain/*physiology  Brain Mapping/*methods  Facial Expression  Female  Humans  Image Processing, Computer-Assisted  Magnetoencephalography/*methods  Male  Social Perception  Young Adult  *Autism  *Emotional faces  *Functional connectivity  *Magnetoencephalography  *Social brain  *Young adults Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Socio-emotional difficulties in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are thought to reflect impaired functional connectivity within the "social brain". Nonetheless, a whole-brain characterization of the fast responses in functional connectivity during implicit processing of emotional faces in adults with ASD is lacking. METHODS: The present study used magnetoencephalography to investigate early responses in functional connectivity, as measured by interregional phase synchronization, during implicit processing of angry, neutral and happy faces. The sample (n = 44) consisted of 22 young adults with ASD and 22 age- and sex-matched typically developed (TD) controls. RESULTS: Reduced phase-synchrony in the beta band around 300 ms emerged during processing of angry faces in the ASD compared to TD group, involving key areas of the social brain. In the same time window, de-synchronization in the beta band in the amygdala was reduced in the ASD group across conditions. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first demonstration of atypical global and local synchrony patterns in the social brain in adults with ASD during implicit processing of emotional faces. The present results replicate and substantially extend previous findings on adolescents, highlighting that atypical brain synchrony during processing of socio-emotional stimuli is a hallmark of clinical sequelae in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-017-0123-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=330 [article] Disconnection from others in autism is more than just a feeling: whole-brain neural synchrony in adults during implicit processing of emotional faces [texte imprimé] / Rocco MENNELLA, Auteur ; Rachel C. LEUNG, Auteur ; Margot J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Benjamin T. DUNKLEY, Auteur . - 7p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 8 (2017) . - 7p. Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/*psychology  Brain/*physiology  Brain Mapping/*methods  Facial Expression  Female  Humans  Image Processing, Computer-Assisted  Magnetoencephalography/*methods  Male  Social Perception  Young Adult  *Autism  *Emotional faces  *Functional connectivity  *Magnetoencephalography  *Social brain  *Young adults Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Socio-emotional difficulties in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are thought to reflect impaired functional connectivity within the "social brain". Nonetheless, a whole-brain characterization of the fast responses in functional connectivity during implicit processing of emotional faces in adults with ASD is lacking. METHODS: The present study used magnetoencephalography to investigate early responses in functional connectivity, as measured by interregional phase synchronization, during implicit processing of angry, neutral and happy faces. The sample (n = 44) consisted of 22 young adults with ASD and 22 age- and sex-matched typically developed (TD) controls. RESULTS: Reduced phase-synchrony in the beta band around 300 ms emerged during processing of angry faces in the ASD compared to TD group, involving key areas of the social brain. In the same time window, de-synchronization in the beta band in the amygdala was reduced in the ASD group across conditions. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first demonstration of atypical global and local synchrony patterns in the social brain in adults with ASD during implicit processing of emotional faces. The present results replicate and substantially extend previous findings on adolescents, highlighting that atypical brain synchrony during processing of socio-emotional stimuli is a hallmark of clinical sequelae in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-017-0123-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=330

Enhanced Early Visual Responses During Implicit Emotional Faces Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder / Klara KOVARSKI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-3 (March 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-3 (March 2019) . - p.871-886 Titre : Enhanced Early Visual Responses During Implicit Emotional Faces Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Klara KOVARSKI, Auteur ; Rocco MENNELLA, Auteur ; Simeon M. WONG, Auteur ; Benjamin T. DUNKLEY, Auteur ; Margot J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Magali BATTY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.871-886 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Emotion  Face processing  Meg  Visual processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has focused on processing of socially-relevant stimuli, such as faces. Nonetheless, before being 'social', faces are visual stimuli. The present magnetoencephalography study investigated the time course of brain activity during an implicit emotional task in visual emotion-related regions in 19 adults with ASD (mean age 26.3 +/- 4.4) and 19 typically developed controls (26.4 +/- 4). The results confirmed previously-reported differences between groups in brain responses to emotion and a hypo-activation in the ASD group in the right fusiform gyrus around 150 ms. However, the ASD group also presented early enhanced activity in the occipital region. These results support that impaired face processing in ASD might be sustained by atypical responses in primary visual areas. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3787-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=386 [article] Enhanced Early Visual Responses During Implicit Emotional Faces Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder [texte imprimé] / Klara KOVARSKI, Auteur ; Rocco MENNELLA, Auteur ; Simeon M. WONG, Auteur ; Benjamin T. DUNKLEY, Auteur ; Margot J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Magali BATTY, Auteur . - p.871-886. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-3 (March 2019) . - p.871-886 Mots-clés : Autism  Emotion  Face processing  Meg  Visual processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has focused on processing of socially-relevant stimuli, such as faces. Nonetheless, before being 'social', faces are visual stimuli. The present magnetoencephalography study investigated the time course of brain activity during an implicit emotional task in visual emotion-related regions in 19 adults with ASD (mean age 26.3 +/- 4.4) and 19 typically developed controls (26.4 +/- 4). The results confirmed previously-reported differences between groups in brain responses to emotion and a hypo-activation in the ASD group in the right fusiform gyrus around 150 ms. However, the ASD group also presented early enhanced activity in the occipital region. These results support that impaired face processing in ASD might be sustained by atypical responses in primary visual areas. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3787-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=386

Spontaneous instrumental approach-avoidance learning in social contexts in autism / Morgan BEAURENAUT in Molecular Autism, 15 (2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 15 (2024) . - 33p. Titre : Spontaneous instrumental approach-avoidance learning in social contexts in autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Morgan BEAURENAUT, Auteur ; Klara KOVARSKI, Auteur ; Constance DESTAIS, Auteur ; Rocco MENNELLA, Auteur ; Julie GREZES, Auteur Article en page(s) : 33p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans  Female  Male  Adult  Autistic Disorder/psychology  Young Adult  Avoidance Learning  Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology  Social Behavior  Emotions  Social Interaction  Approach/avoidance  Autism  Emotional expressions  Gender bias  Social reinforcement learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Individuals with Autism Spectrum Condition (ASC) are characterized by atypicalities in social interactions, compared to Typically Developing individuals (TD). The social motivation theory posits that these difficulties stem from diminished anticipation, reception, and/or learning from social rewards. Although learning from socioemotional outcomes is core to the theory, studies to date have been sparse and inconsistent. This possibly arises from a combination of theoretical, methodological and sample-related issues. Here, we assessed participants' ability to develop a spontaneous preference for actions that lead to desirable socioemotional outcomes (approaching/avoiding of happy/angry individuals, respectively), in an ecologically valid social scenario. We expected that learning abilities would be impaired in ASC individuals, particularly in response to affiliative social feedback. METHOD: We ran an online social reinforcement learning task, on two large online cohorts with (n = 274) and without (n = 290) ASC, matched for gender, age and education. Participants had to indicate where they would sit in a waiting room. Each seat was associated with different probabilities of approaching/avoiding emotional individuals. Importantly, the task was implicit, as participants were not instructed to learn, and emotional expressions were never mentioned. We applied both categorical analyses contrasting the ASC and TD groups and dimensional factor analysis on affective questionnaires. RESULTS: Contrary to our hypothesis, participants showed spontaneous learning from socioemotional outcomes, regardless of their diagnostic group. Yet, when accounting for dimensional variations in autistic traits, as well as depression and anxiety, two main findings emerged among females who failed to develop explicit learning strategies: (1) autism severity in ASC correlated with reduced learning to approach happy individuals; (2) anxiety-depression severity across both ASC and TD participants correlated with reduced learning to approach/avoid happy/angry individuals, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Implicit spontaneous learning from socioemotional outcomes is not generally impaired in autism but may be specifically associated with autism severity in females with ASC, when they do not have an explicit strategy for adapting to their social environment. Clinical diagnosis and intervention ought to take into account individual differences in their full complexity, including the presence of co-morbid anxiety and depression, when dealing with social atypicalities in autism. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-024-00610-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=538 [article] Spontaneous instrumental approach-avoidance learning in social contexts in autism [texte imprimé] / Morgan BEAURENAUT, Auteur ; Klara KOVARSKI, Auteur ; Constance DESTAIS, Auteur ; Rocco MENNELLA, Auteur ; Julie GREZES, Auteur . - 33p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 15 (2024) . - 33p. Mots-clés : Humans  Female  Male  Adult  Autistic Disorder/psychology  Young Adult  Avoidance Learning  Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology  Social Behavior  Emotions  Social Interaction  Approach/avoidance  Autism  Emotional expressions  Gender bias  Social reinforcement learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Individuals with Autism Spectrum Condition (ASC) are characterized by atypicalities in social interactions, compared to Typically Developing individuals (TD). The social motivation theory posits that these difficulties stem from diminished anticipation, reception, and/or learning from social rewards. Although learning from socioemotional outcomes is core to the theory, studies to date have been sparse and inconsistent. This possibly arises from a combination of theoretical, methodological and sample-related issues. Here, we assessed participants' ability to develop a spontaneous preference for actions that lead to desirable socioemotional outcomes (approaching/avoiding of happy/angry individuals, respectively), in an ecologically valid social scenario. We expected that learning abilities would be impaired in ASC individuals, particularly in response to affiliative social feedback. METHOD: We ran an online social reinforcement learning task, on two large online cohorts with (n = 274) and without (n = 290) ASC, matched for gender, age and education. Participants had to indicate where they would sit in a waiting room. Each seat was associated with different probabilities of approaching/avoiding emotional individuals. Importantly, the task was implicit, as participants were not instructed to learn, and emotional expressions were never mentioned. We applied both categorical analyses contrasting the ASC and TD groups and dimensional factor analysis on affective questionnaires. RESULTS: Contrary to our hypothesis, participants showed spontaneous learning from socioemotional outcomes, regardless of their diagnostic group. Yet, when accounting for dimensional variations in autistic traits, as well as depression and anxiety, two main findings emerged among females who failed to develop explicit learning strategies: (1) autism severity in ASC correlated with reduced learning to approach happy individuals; (2) anxiety-depression severity across both ASC and TD participants correlated with reduced learning to approach/avoid happy/angry individuals, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Implicit spontaneous learning from socioemotional outcomes is not generally impaired in autism but may be specifically associated with autism severity in females with ASC, when they do not have an explicit strategy for adapting to their social environment. Clinical diagnosis and intervention ought to take into account individual differences in their full complexity, including the presence of co-morbid anxiety and depression, when dealing with social atypicalities in autism. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-024-00610-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=538

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