14 recherche sur le mot-clé 'magnetic resonance spectroscopy'

Increased cerebral lactate levels in adults with autism spectrum disorders compared to non-autistic controls: a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study / Kathrin NICKEL ; Thomas LANGE ; Georg OELTZSCHNER ; Michael DACKO ; Dominique ENDRES ; Kimon RUNGE ; Anke SCHUMANN ; Katharina DOMSCHKE ; Michalis ROUSOS ; Ludger TEBARTZ VAN ELST in Molecular Autism, 14 (2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 14 (2023) . - 44 p. Titre : Increased cerebral lactate levels in adults with autism spectrum disorders compared to non-autistic controls: a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kathrin NICKEL, Auteur ; Thomas LANGE, Auteur ; Georg OELTZSCHNER, Auteur ; Michael DACKO, Auteur ; Dominique ENDRES, Auteur ; Kimon RUNGE, Auteur ; Anke SCHUMANN, Auteur ; Katharina DOMSCHKE, Auteur ; Michalis ROUSOS, Auteur ; Ludger TEBARTZ VAN ELST, Auteur Article en page(s) : 44 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans  Adult  *Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging/metabolism  Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods  Magnetic Resonance Imaging  Lactic Acid/metabolism  Biomarkers  Autism spectrum disorder  Lactate  Magnetic resonance spectroscopy  Mitochondria  Mitochondrial dysfunction  Posterior cingulate cortex  or travel grants within the last 3 years: Roche, Eli Lilly, Janssen-Cilag,  Novartis, Shire, UCB, GSK, Servier, Janssen, and Cyberonics. All other authors  declare that they do not have any conflicts of interest. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : INTRODUCTION: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) encompasses a heterogeneous group with varied phenotypes and etiologies. Identifying pathogenic subgroups could facilitate targeted treatments. One promising avenue is investigating energy metabolism, as mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in a subgroup of ASD. Lactate, an indicator of energy metabolic anomalies, may serve as a potential biomarker for this subgroup. This study aimed to examine cerebral lactate (Lac+) levels in high-functioning adults with ASD, hypothesizing elevated mean Lac+ concentrations in contrast to neurotypical controls (NTCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was used to study cerebral Lac+ in 71 adults with ASD and NTC, focusing on the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). After quality control, 64 ASD and 58 NTC participants remained. Lac+ levels two standard deviations above the mean of the control group were considered elevated. RESULTS: Mean PCC Lac+ levels were significantly higher in the ASD group than in the NTC group (p=0.028; Cohen's d=0.404), and 9.4% of the ASD group had elevated levels as compared to 0% of the NTCs (p=0.029). No significant correlation was found between blood serum lactate levels and MRS-derived Lac+ levels. LIMITATIONS: A cautious interpretation of our results is warranted due to a p value of 0.028. In addition, a higher than anticipated proportion of data sets had to be excluded due to poor spectral quality. CONCLUSION: This study confirms the presence of elevated cerebral Lac+ levels in a subgroup of adults with ASD, suggesting the potential of lactate as a biomarker for mitochondrial dysfunction in a subgroup of ASD. The lower-than-expected prevalence (20% was expected) and moderate increase require further investigation to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and relationships with mitochondrial function. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-023-00577-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518 [article] Increased cerebral lactate levels in adults with autism spectrum disorders compared to non-autistic controls: a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kathrin NICKEL, Auteur ; Thomas LANGE, Auteur ; Georg OELTZSCHNER, Auteur ; Michael DACKO, Auteur ; Dominique ENDRES, Auteur ; Kimon RUNGE, Auteur ; Anke SCHUMANN, Auteur ; Katharina DOMSCHKE, Auteur ; Michalis ROUSOS, Auteur ; Ludger TEBARTZ VAN ELST, Auteur . - 44 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 14 (2023) . - 44 p. Mots-clés : Humans  Adult  *Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging/metabolism  Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods  Magnetic Resonance Imaging  Lactic Acid/metabolism  Biomarkers  Autism spectrum disorder  Lactate  Magnetic resonance spectroscopy  Mitochondria  Mitochondrial dysfunction  Posterior cingulate cortex  or travel grants within the last 3 years: Roche, Eli Lilly, Janssen-Cilag,  Novartis, Shire, UCB, GSK, Servier, Janssen, and Cyberonics. All other authors  declare that they do not have any conflicts of interest. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : INTRODUCTION: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) encompasses a heterogeneous group with varied phenotypes and etiologies. Identifying pathogenic subgroups could facilitate targeted treatments. One promising avenue is investigating energy metabolism, as mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in a subgroup of ASD. Lactate, an indicator of energy metabolic anomalies, may serve as a potential biomarker for this subgroup. This study aimed to examine cerebral lactate (Lac+) levels in high-functioning adults with ASD, hypothesizing elevated mean Lac+ concentrations in contrast to neurotypical controls (NTCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was used to study cerebral Lac+ in 71 adults with ASD and NTC, focusing on the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). After quality control, 64 ASD and 58 NTC participants remained. Lac+ levels two standard deviations above the mean of the control group were considered elevated. RESULTS: Mean PCC Lac+ levels were significantly higher in the ASD group than in the NTC group (p=0.028; Cohen's d=0.404), and 9.4% of the ASD group had elevated levels as compared to 0% of the NTCs (p=0.029). No significant correlation was found between blood serum lactate levels and MRS-derived Lac+ levels. LIMITATIONS: A cautious interpretation of our results is warranted due to a p value of 0.028. In addition, a higher than anticipated proportion of data sets had to be excluded due to poor spectral quality. CONCLUSION: This study confirms the presence of elevated cerebral Lac+ levels in a subgroup of adults with ASD, suggesting the potential of lactate as a biomarker for mitochondrial dysfunction in a subgroup of ASD. The lower-than-expected prevalence (20% was expected) and moderate increase require further investigation to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and relationships with mitochondrial function. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-023-00577-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518

Hippocampal glutamate-glutamine (Glx) in adults with Down syndrome: a preliminary study using in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS) / G. M. TAN in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 6-1 (December 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 6-1 (December 2014) . - p.42 Titre : Hippocampal glutamate-glutamine (Glx) in adults with Down syndrome: a preliminary study using in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : G. M. TAN, Auteur ; F. BEACHER, Auteur ; Eileen DALY, Auteur ; J. HORDER, Auteur ; V. PRASHER, Auteur ; M. L. HANNEY, Auteur ; R. MORRIS, Auteur ; S. LOVESTONE, Auteur ; K. C. MURPHY, Auteur ; A. SIMMONS, Auteur ; D. G. MURPHY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.42 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : 1h mrs  Alzheimer's disease  Dementia  Down syndrome  Glutamate-glutamine (Glx)  Hippocampus  Intellectual disability  Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Down syndrome (DS), or trisomy 21, is one of the most common autosomal mutations. People with DS have intellectual disability (ID) and are at significantly increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). The biological associates of both ID and AD in DS are poorly understood, but glutamate has been proposed to play a key role. In non-DS populations, glutamate is essential to learning and memory and glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity has been implicated in AD. However, the concentration of hippocampal glutamate in DS individuals with and without dementia has not previously been directly investigated. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS) can be used to measure in vivo the concentrations of glutamate-glutamine (Glx). The objective of the current study was to examine the hippocampal Glx concentration in non-demented DS (DS-) and demented DS (DS+) individuals. METHODS: We examined 46 adults with DS (35 without dementia and 11 with dementia) and 39 healthy controls (HC) using (1)H MRS and measured their hippocampal Glx concentrations. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the hippocampal Glx concentration between DS+ and DS-, or between either of the DS groups and the healthy controls. Also, within DS, there was no significant correlation between hippocampal Glx concentration and measures of overall cognitive ability. Last, a sample size calculation based on the effect sizes from this study showed that it would have required 6,257 participants to provide 80% power to detect a significant difference between the groups which would indicate that there is a very low likelihood of a type 2 error accounting for the findings in this study. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with DS do not have clinically detectable differences in hippocampal Glx concentration. Other pathophysiological processes likely account for ID and AD in people with DS. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-6-42 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347 [article] Hippocampal glutamate-glutamine (Glx) in adults with Down syndrome: a preliminary study using in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / G. M. TAN, Auteur ; F. BEACHER, Auteur ; Eileen DALY, Auteur ; J. HORDER, Auteur ; V. PRASHER, Auteur ; M. L. HANNEY, Auteur ; R. MORRIS, Auteur ; S. LOVESTONE, Auteur ; K. C. MURPHY, Auteur ; A. SIMMONS, Auteur ; D. G. MURPHY, Auteur . - p.42. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 6-1 (December 2014) . - p.42 Mots-clés : 1h mrs  Alzheimer's disease  Dementia  Down syndrome  Glutamate-glutamine (Glx)  Hippocampus  Intellectual disability  Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Down syndrome (DS), or trisomy 21, is one of the most common autosomal mutations. People with DS have intellectual disability (ID) and are at significantly increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). The biological associates of both ID and AD in DS are poorly understood, but glutamate has been proposed to play a key role. In non-DS populations, glutamate is essential to learning and memory and glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity has been implicated in AD. However, the concentration of hippocampal glutamate in DS individuals with and without dementia has not previously been directly investigated. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS) can be used to measure in vivo the concentrations of glutamate-glutamine (Glx). The objective of the current study was to examine the hippocampal Glx concentration in non-demented DS (DS-) and demented DS (DS+) individuals. METHODS: We examined 46 adults with DS (35 without dementia and 11 with dementia) and 39 healthy controls (HC) using (1)H MRS and measured their hippocampal Glx concentrations. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the hippocampal Glx concentration between DS+ and DS-, or between either of the DS groups and the healthy controls. Also, within DS, there was no significant correlation between hippocampal Glx concentration and measures of overall cognitive ability. Last, a sample size calculation based on the effect sizes from this study showed that it would have required 6,257 participants to provide 80% power to detect a significant difference between the groups which would indicate that there is a very low likelihood of a type 2 error accounting for the findings in this study. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with DS do not have clinically detectable differences in hippocampal Glx concentration. Other pathophysiological processes likely account for ID and AD in people with DS. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-6-42 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347

A Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study of Superior Visual Search Abilities in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / David A. EDMONDSON in Autism Research, 13-4 (April 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-4 (April 2020) . - p.550-562 Titre : A Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study of Superior Visual Search Abilities in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : David A. EDMONDSON, Auteur ; Pingyu XIA, Auteur ; Rebecca MCNALLY KEEHN, Auteur ; Ulrike DYDAK, Auteur ; Brandon KEEHN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.550-562 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  frontal eye field  gamma-aminobutyric acid  magnetic resonance spectroscopy  temporal-parietal junction  visual cortex  visual search Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although diagnosed on the basis of deficits in social communication and interaction, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is also characterized by superior performance on a variety of visuospatial tasks, including visual search. In neurotypical individuals, region-specific concentrations of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are associated with individual differences in attention and perception. While it has been hypothesized that ASD may be associated with an excitatory-inhibitory imbalance, it remains unclear how this may contribute to accelerated visual search performance in individuals with ASD. To investigate this, 21 children with ASD and 20 typically developing children participated in a visual search task and a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study to detect neurochemical concentrations, including GABA. Region-specific neurochemicals were examined in the right frontal eye fields, right temporal-parietal junction (rTPJ), and bilateral visual cortex (VIS). GABA concentrations did not differ between groups; however, in children with ASD, greater GABA concentration in the VIS was related to more efficient search. Additionally, lower VIS GABA levels were also associated with increased social impairment. Finally, we found reduced N-acetyl aspartate, total creatine, glutamate and glutamine (Glx), GABA/Glx in the rTPJ, suggestive of neuronal dysfunction in a critical network hub. Our results show that GABA concentrations in the VIS are related to efficient search in ASD, thus providing further evidence of enhanced discrimination in ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 550-562. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often perform better than their non-ASD peers on visual search tasks; however, it is unclear how they achieve this superior performance. Using magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure neurochemicals in the brain, we found that the level of one, gamma-aminobutyric acid, in the visual cortex was directly related to search abilities in children with ASD. These results suggest that faster search may relate to enhanced perceptual functioning in children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2258 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=421 [article] A Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study of Superior Visual Search Abilities in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / David A. EDMONDSON, Auteur ; Pingyu XIA, Auteur ; Rebecca MCNALLY KEEHN, Auteur ; Ulrike DYDAK, Auteur ; Brandon KEEHN, Auteur . - p.550-562. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-4 (April 2020) . - p.550-562 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  frontal eye field  gamma-aminobutyric acid  magnetic resonance spectroscopy  temporal-parietal junction  visual cortex  visual search Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although diagnosed on the basis of deficits in social communication and interaction, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is also characterized by superior performance on a variety of visuospatial tasks, including visual search. In neurotypical individuals, region-specific concentrations of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are associated with individual differences in attention and perception. While it has been hypothesized that ASD may be associated with an excitatory-inhibitory imbalance, it remains unclear how this may contribute to accelerated visual search performance in individuals with ASD. To investigate this, 21 children with ASD and 20 typically developing children participated in a visual search task and a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study to detect neurochemical concentrations, including GABA. Region-specific neurochemicals were examined in the right frontal eye fields, right temporal-parietal junction (rTPJ), and bilateral visual cortex (VIS). GABA concentrations did not differ between groups; however, in children with ASD, greater GABA concentration in the VIS was related to more efficient search. Additionally, lower VIS GABA levels were also associated with increased social impairment. Finally, we found reduced N-acetyl aspartate, total creatine, glutamate and glutamine (Glx), GABA/Glx in the rTPJ, suggestive of neuronal dysfunction in a critical network hub. Our results show that GABA concentrations in the VIS are related to efficient search in ASD, thus providing further evidence of enhanced discrimination in ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 550-562. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often perform better than their non-ASD peers on visual search tasks; however, it is unclear how they achieve this superior performance. Using magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure neurochemicals in the brain, we found that the level of one, gamma-aminobutyric acid, in the visual cortex was directly related to search abilities in children with ASD. These results suggest that faster search may relate to enhanced perceptual functioning in children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2258 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=421

Altered GABA Concentration in Brain Motor Area Is Associated with the Severity of Motor Disabilities in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Yumi UMESAWA in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50-8 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 50-8 (August 2020) . - p.2710-2722 Titre : Altered GABA Concentration in Brain Motor Area Is Associated with the Severity of Motor Disabilities in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yumi UMESAWA, Auteur ; Kanae MATSUSHIMA, Auteur ; Takeshi ATSUMI, Auteur ; Toshihiro KATO, Auteur ; Reiko FUKATSU, Auteur ; Makoto WADA, Auteur ; Masakazu IDE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2710-2722 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Developmental coordination disorder  Gamma-aminobutyric acid  Magnetic resonance spectroscopy  Primary motor area  Supplementary motor area Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Several motor disabilities accompanied with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are widely known despite limited reports of underlying neural mechanisms. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels in the motor-related cortical areas modulate several motor performances in healthy participants. We hypothesized that abnormal GABA concentrations in the primary motor area (M1) and supplementary motor area (SMA) associate with different motor difficulties for ASD adolescents/adults. We found that increased GABA concentrations in M1 measured using (1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy exhibited lower motor performance in tasks requiring increased muscle strength while lower GABA concentrations in SMA were associated with lower scores in tests measuring body coordination. The degrees of neural inhibition in the M1 and SMA regions would contribute to different dimensions of motor disabilities in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04382-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] Altered GABA Concentration in Brain Motor Area Is Associated with the Severity of Motor Disabilities in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yumi UMESAWA, Auteur ; Kanae MATSUSHIMA, Auteur ; Takeshi ATSUMI, Auteur ; Toshihiro KATO, Auteur ; Reiko FUKATSU, Auteur ; Makoto WADA, Auteur ; Masakazu IDE, Auteur . - p.2710-2722. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 50-8 (August 2020) . - p.2710-2722 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Developmental coordination disorder  Gamma-aminobutyric acid  Magnetic resonance spectroscopy  Primary motor area  Supplementary motor area Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Several motor disabilities accompanied with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are widely known despite limited reports of underlying neural mechanisms. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels in the motor-related cortical areas modulate several motor performances in healthy participants. We hypothesized that abnormal GABA concentrations in the primary motor area (M1) and supplementary motor area (SMA) associate with different motor difficulties for ASD adolescents/adults. We found that increased GABA concentrations in M1 measured using (1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy exhibited lower motor performance in tasks requiring increased muscle strength while lower GABA concentrations in SMA were associated with lower scores in tests measuring body coordination. The degrees of neural inhibition in the M1 and SMA regions would contribute to different dimensions of motor disabilities in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04382-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

Concentrations of Cortical GABA and Glutamate in Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder / Tamar KOLODNY in Autism Research, 13-7 (July 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-7 (July 2020) . - p.1111-1129 Titre : Concentrations of Cortical GABA and Glutamate in Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tamar KOLODNY, Auteur ; Michael-Paul SCHALLMO, Auteur ; Jennifer GERDTS, Auteur ; Richard A. E. EDDEN, Auteur ; Raphael BERNIER, Auteur ; Scott O. MURRAY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1111-1129 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : auditory cortex  autism spectrum disorders  glutamate  magnetic resonance spectroscopy  sensorimotor cortex  visual cortex  ?-aminobutyric acid Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The balance of excitation and inhibition in neural circuits is hypothesized to be increased in autism spectrum disorder, possibly mediated by altered signaling of the inhibitory neurotransmitter ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA), yet empirical evidence in humans is inconsistent. We used edited magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to quantify signals associated with both GABA and the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate in multiple regions of the sensory and sensorimotor cortex, including primary visual, auditory, and motor areas in adult individuals with autism and in neurotypical controls. Despite the strong a priori hypothesis of reduced GABA in autism spectrum disorder, we found no group differences in neurometabolite concentrations in any of the examined regions and no correlations of MRS measure with psychophysical visual sensitivity or autism symptomatology. We demonstrate high data quality that is comparable across groups, with a relatively large sample of well-characterized participants, and use Bayesian statistics to corroborate the lack of any group differences. We conclude that levels of GABA and Glx (glutamate, glutamine, and glutathione) in the sensory and sensorimotor cortex, as measured with MRS at 3T, are comparable in adults with autism and neurotypical individuals. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1111-1129. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: ?-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate are the main inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters in the human brain, respectively, and their balanced interaction is necessary for neural function. Previous research suggests that the GABA and glutamate systems might be altered in autism. In this study, we used magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure concentrations of these neurotransmitters in the sensory areas in the brains of young adults with autism. In contradiction to the common hypothesis of reduced GABA in autism, we demonstrate that concentrations of both GABA and glutamate, in all the brain regions examined, are comparable in individuals with autism and in neurotypical adults. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2300 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=429 [article] Concentrations of Cortical GABA and Glutamate in Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tamar KOLODNY, Auteur ; Michael-Paul SCHALLMO, Auteur ; Jennifer GERDTS, Auteur ; Richard A. E. EDDEN, Auteur ; Raphael BERNIER, Auteur ; Scott O. MURRAY, Auteur . - p.1111-1129. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-7 (July 2020) . - p.1111-1129 Mots-clés : auditory cortex  autism spectrum disorders  glutamate  magnetic resonance spectroscopy  sensorimotor cortex  visual cortex  ?-aminobutyric acid Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The balance of excitation and inhibition in neural circuits is hypothesized to be increased in autism spectrum disorder, possibly mediated by altered signaling of the inhibitory neurotransmitter ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA), yet empirical evidence in humans is inconsistent. We used edited magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to quantify signals associated with both GABA and the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate in multiple regions of the sensory and sensorimotor cortex, including primary visual, auditory, and motor areas in adult individuals with autism and in neurotypical controls. Despite the strong a priori hypothesis of reduced GABA in autism spectrum disorder, we found no group differences in neurometabolite concentrations in any of the examined regions and no correlations of MRS measure with psychophysical visual sensitivity or autism symptomatology. We demonstrate high data quality that is comparable across groups, with a relatively large sample of well-characterized participants, and use Bayesian statistics to corroborate the lack of any group differences. We conclude that levels of GABA and Glx (glutamate, glutamine, and glutathione) in the sensory and sensorimotor cortex, as measured with MRS at 3T, are comparable in adults with autism and neurotypical individuals. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1111-1129. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: ?-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate are the main inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters in the human brain, respectively, and their balanced interaction is necessary for neural function. Previous research suggests that the GABA and glutamate systems might be altered in autism. In this study, we used magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure concentrations of these neurotransmitters in the sensory areas in the brains of young adults with autism. In contradiction to the common hypothesis of reduced GABA in autism, we demonstrate that concentrations of both GABA and glutamate, in all the brain regions examined, are comparable in individuals with autism and in neurotypical adults. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2300 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=429

Cortical and subcortical glutathione levels in adults with autism spectrum disorder / Alice M. S. DURIEUX in Autism Research, 9-4 (April 2016)  

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Exploring the relationship between cortical GABA concentrations, auditory gamma-band responses and development in ASD: Evidence for an altered maturational trajectory in ASD / Russell G. PORT in Autism Research, 10-4 (April 2017)  

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Metabolic mapping of deep brain structures and associations with symptomatology in autism spectrum disorders / Krissy A. R. DOYLE-THOMAS in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 8-1 (January 2014)  

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Prediction learning in adults with autism and its molecular correlates / L. A. SAPEY-TRIOMPHE in Molecular Autism, 12 (2021)  

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Psychosocial deficits across autism and schizotypal spectra are interactively modulated by excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission / Talitha C. FORD in Autism, 24-2 (February 2020)  

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