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Investigating the structure of trait rumination in autistic adults: A network analysis / Z. J. WILLIAMS in Autism, 25-7 (October 2021)
[article]
Titre : Investigating the structure of trait rumination in autistic adults: A network analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Z. J. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; E. E. MCKENNEY, Auteur ; K. O. GOTHAM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2048-2063 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult Anxiety Disorders Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Depression Humans Surveys and Questionnaires adults autism spectrum disorders brooding centrality depression network analysis psychiatric comorbidity reflection rumination stock/stock options in Axsome Therapeutics, Editas Medicine, CRISPR Therapeutics, and Fulgent Genetics. ZJW also serves on the family advisory committee of the Autism Speaks Autism Learning Health Network Vanderbilt site and the autistic researcher review board of the Autism Intervention Network for Physical Health (AIR-P). The other authors declare no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic adults are substantially more likely to develop depression than individuals in the general population, and recent research has indicated that certain differences in thinking styles associated with autism may play a role in this association. Rumination, the act of thinking about the same thing over and over without a functional outcome, is a significant risk factor for depression in both autistic and non-autistic adults. However, little is known about how different kinds of rumination relate to each other and to depressive symptoms in the autistic population specifically. To fill this gap in knowledge, we recruited a large online sample of autistic adults, who completed questionnaire measures of both the tendency to ruminate and symptoms of depression. By examining the interacting network of rumination and depression symptoms, this study was able to identify particular aspects of rumination-such as thinking repetitively about one's guilty feelings or criticizing oneself-that may be particularly important in maintaining these harmful thought patterns in autistic adults. Although further study is needed, it is possible that the symptoms identified as most "influential" in the network may be particularly good targets for future interventions for mood and anxiety disorders in the autistic population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211012855 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=451
in Autism > 25-7 (October 2021) . - p.2048-2063[article] Investigating the structure of trait rumination in autistic adults: A network analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Z. J. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; E. E. MCKENNEY, Auteur ; K. O. GOTHAM, Auteur . - p.2048-2063.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 25-7 (October 2021) . - p.2048-2063
Mots-clés : Adult Anxiety Disorders Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Depression Humans Surveys and Questionnaires adults autism spectrum disorders brooding centrality depression network analysis psychiatric comorbidity reflection rumination stock/stock options in Axsome Therapeutics, Editas Medicine, CRISPR Therapeutics, and Fulgent Genetics. ZJW also serves on the family advisory committee of the Autism Speaks Autism Learning Health Network Vanderbilt site and the autistic researcher review board of the Autism Intervention Network for Physical Health (AIR-P). The other authors declare no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic adults are substantially more likely to develop depression than individuals in the general population, and recent research has indicated that certain differences in thinking styles associated with autism may play a role in this association. Rumination, the act of thinking about the same thing over and over without a functional outcome, is a significant risk factor for depression in both autistic and non-autistic adults. However, little is known about how different kinds of rumination relate to each other and to depressive symptoms in the autistic population specifically. To fill this gap in knowledge, we recruited a large online sample of autistic adults, who completed questionnaire measures of both the tendency to ruminate and symptoms of depression. By examining the interacting network of rumination and depression symptoms, this study was able to identify particular aspects of rumination-such as thinking repetitively about one's guilty feelings or criticizing oneself-that may be particularly important in maintaining these harmful thought patterns in autistic adults. Although further study is needed, it is possible that the symptoms identified as most "influential" in the network may be particularly good targets for future interventions for mood and anxiety disorders in the autistic population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211012855 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=451 Infant excitation/inhibition balance interacts with executive attention to predict autistic traits in childhood / Virginia CARTER LENO in Molecular Autism, 13 (2022)
[article]
Titre : Infant excitation/inhibition balance interacts with executive attention to predict autistic traits in childhood Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Virginia CARTER LENO, Auteur ; Jannath BEGUM-ALI, Auteur ; Amy GOODWIN, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur ; EDEN, Auteur ; STAARS TEAMS, Auteur Article en page(s) : 46 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans Child, Preschool Infant Aged Adhd Autism E/I balance Executive functioning Infants NF1 has received royalties from Sage Publications and Guilford Publications. The other authors declare no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism is proposed to be characterised by an atypical balance of cortical excitation and inhibition (E/I). However, most studies have examined E/I alterations in older autistic individuals, meaning that findings could in part reflect homeostatic compensation. To assess the directionality of effects, it is necessary to examine alterations in E/I balance early in the lifespan before symptom emergence. Recent explanatory frameworks have argued that it is also necessary to consider how early risk features interact with later developing modifier factors to predict autism outcomes. METHOD: We indexed E/I balance in early infancy by extracting the aperiodic exponent of the slope of the electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectrum ('1/f'). To validate our index of E/I balance, we tested for differences in the aperiodic exponent in 10-month-old infants with (n=22) and without (n=27) neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), a condition thought to be characterised by alterations to cortical inhibition. We then tested for E/I alterations in a larger heterogeneous longitudinal cohort of infants with and without a family history of neurodevelopmental conditions (n=150) who had been followed to early childhood. We tested the relevance of alterations in E/I balance and our proposed modifier, executive attention, by assessing whether associations between 10-month aperiodic slope and 36-month neurodevelopmental traits were moderated by 24-month executive attention. Analyses adjusted for age at EEG assessment, sex and number of EEG trials. RESULTS: Infants with NF1 were characterised by a higher aperiodic exponent, indicative of greater inhibition, supporting our infant measure of E/I. Longitudinal analyses showed a significant interaction between aperiodic slope and executive attention, such that higher aperiodic exponents predicted greater autistic traits in childhood, but only in infants who also had weaker executive functioning abilities. LIMITATIONS: The current study relied on parent report of infant executive functioning-type abilities; future work is required to replicate effects with objective measures of cognition. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest alterations in E/I balance are on the developmental pathway to autism outcomes, and that higher executive functioning abilities may buffer the impact of early cortical atypicalities, consistent with proposals that stronger executive functioning abilities may modify the impact of a wide range of risk factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00526-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491
in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 46 p.[article] Infant excitation/inhibition balance interacts with executive attention to predict autistic traits in childhood [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Virginia CARTER LENO, Auteur ; Jannath BEGUM-ALI, Auteur ; Amy GOODWIN, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur ; EDEN, Auteur ; STAARS TEAMS, Auteur . - 46 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 46 p.
Mots-clés : Humans Child, Preschool Infant Aged Adhd Autism E/I balance Executive functioning Infants NF1 has received royalties from Sage Publications and Guilford Publications. The other authors declare no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism is proposed to be characterised by an atypical balance of cortical excitation and inhibition (E/I). However, most studies have examined E/I alterations in older autistic individuals, meaning that findings could in part reflect homeostatic compensation. To assess the directionality of effects, it is necessary to examine alterations in E/I balance early in the lifespan before symptom emergence. Recent explanatory frameworks have argued that it is also necessary to consider how early risk features interact with later developing modifier factors to predict autism outcomes. METHOD: We indexed E/I balance in early infancy by extracting the aperiodic exponent of the slope of the electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectrum ('1/f'). To validate our index of E/I balance, we tested for differences in the aperiodic exponent in 10-month-old infants with (n=22) and without (n=27) neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), a condition thought to be characterised by alterations to cortical inhibition. We then tested for E/I alterations in a larger heterogeneous longitudinal cohort of infants with and without a family history of neurodevelopmental conditions (n=150) who had been followed to early childhood. We tested the relevance of alterations in E/I balance and our proposed modifier, executive attention, by assessing whether associations between 10-month aperiodic slope and 36-month neurodevelopmental traits were moderated by 24-month executive attention. Analyses adjusted for age at EEG assessment, sex and number of EEG trials. RESULTS: Infants with NF1 were characterised by a higher aperiodic exponent, indicative of greater inhibition, supporting our infant measure of E/I. Longitudinal analyses showed a significant interaction between aperiodic slope and executive attention, such that higher aperiodic exponents predicted greater autistic traits in childhood, but only in infants who also had weaker executive functioning abilities. LIMITATIONS: The current study relied on parent report of infant executive functioning-type abilities; future work is required to replicate effects with objective measures of cognition. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest alterations in E/I balance are on the developmental pathway to autism outcomes, and that higher executive functioning abilities may buffer the impact of early cortical atypicalities, consistent with proposals that stronger executive functioning abilities may modify the impact of a wide range of risk factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00526-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491