Altered kynurenine pathway metabolism in autism: Implication for immune-induced glutamatergic activity / Chai K. LIM in Autism Research, 9-6 (June 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 9-6 (June 2016) . - p.621-631 Titre : Altered kynurenine pathway metabolism in autism: Implication for immune-induced glutamatergic activity Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Chai K. LIM, Auteur ; Musthafa M. ESSA, Auteur ; Roberta DE PAULA MARTINS, Auteur ; David B. LOVEJOY, Auteur ; Ayse A. BILGIN, Auteur ; Mostafa I. WALY, Auteur ; Yahya M. AL-FARSI, Auteur ; Marwan M. AL-SHARBATI, Auteur ; Mohammed A. AL-SHAFFAE, Auteur ; Gilles J. GUILLEMIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.621-631 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : kynurenine pathway  quinolinic acid  excitotoxicity  autism  neuroinflammation  glutamatergic activity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Dysfunction of the serotoninergic and glutamatergic systems is implicated in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) together with various neuroinflammatory mediators. As the kynurenine pathway (KP) of tryptophan degradation is activated in neuroinflammatory states, we hypothesized that there may be a link between inflammation in ASD and enhanced KP activation resulting in reduced serotonin synthesis from tryptophan and production of KP metabolites capable of modulating glutamatergic activity. A cross-sectional study of 15 different Omani families with newly diagnosed children with ASD (n?=?15) and their age-matched healthy siblings (n?=?12) was designed. Immunological profile and the KP metabolic signature were characterized in the study participants. Our data indicated that there were alterations to the KP in ASD. Specifically, increased production of the downstream metabolite, quinolinic acid, which is capable of enhancing glutamatergic neurotransmission was noted. Correlation studies also demonstrated that the presence of inflammation induced KP activation in ASD. Until now, previous studies have failed to establish a link between inflammation, glutamatergic activity, and the KP. Our findings also suggest that increased quinolinic acid may be linked to 16p11.2 mutations leading to abnormal glutamatergic activity associated with ASD pathogenesis and may help rationalize the efficacy of sulforaphane treatment in ASD. Autism Res 2016, 9: 621–631. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1565 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290 [article] Altered kynurenine pathway metabolism in autism: Implication for immune-induced glutamatergic activity [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Chai K. LIM, Auteur ; Musthafa M. ESSA, Auteur ; Roberta DE PAULA MARTINS, Auteur ; David B. LOVEJOY, Auteur ; Ayse A. BILGIN, Auteur ; Mostafa I. WALY, Auteur ; Yahya M. AL-FARSI, Auteur ; Marwan M. AL-SHARBATI, Auteur ; Mohammed A. AL-SHAFFAE, Auteur ; Gilles J. GUILLEMIN, Auteur . - p.621-631. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 9-6 (June 2016) . - p.621-631 Mots-clés : kynurenine pathway  quinolinic acid  excitotoxicity  autism  neuroinflammation  glutamatergic activity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Dysfunction of the serotoninergic and glutamatergic systems is implicated in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) together with various neuroinflammatory mediators. As the kynurenine pathway (KP) of tryptophan degradation is activated in neuroinflammatory states, we hypothesized that there may be a link between inflammation in ASD and enhanced KP activation resulting in reduced serotonin synthesis from tryptophan and production of KP metabolites capable of modulating glutamatergic activity. A cross-sectional study of 15 different Omani families with newly diagnosed children with ASD (n?=?15) and their age-matched healthy siblings (n?=?12) was designed. Immunological profile and the KP metabolic signature were characterized in the study participants. Our data indicated that there were alterations to the KP in ASD. Specifically, increased production of the downstream metabolite, quinolinic acid, which is capable of enhancing glutamatergic neurotransmission was noted. Correlation studies also demonstrated that the presence of inflammation induced KP activation in ASD. Until now, previous studies have failed to establish a link between inflammation, glutamatergic activity, and the KP. Our findings also suggest that increased quinolinic acid may be linked to 16p11.2 mutations leading to abnormal glutamatergic activity associated with ASD pathogenesis and may help rationalize the efficacy of sulforaphane treatment in ASD. Autism Res 2016, 9: 621–631. © 2015 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1565 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290

Awareness about autism among school teachers in Oman: A cross-sectional study / Marwan M. AL-SHARBATI in Autism, 19-1 (January 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 19-1 (January 2015) . - p.6-13 Titre : Awareness about autism among school teachers in Oman: A cross-sectional study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marwan M. AL-SHARBATI, Auteur ; Yahya M. AL-FARSI, Auteur ; Allal OUHTIT, Auteur ; Mostafa I. WALY, Auteur ; Mohamed AL-SHAFAEE, Auteur ; Omar A. AL-FARSI, Auteur ; Maha AL-KHADURI, Auteur ; Mona F. AL-SAID, Auteur ; Samir AL-ADAWI, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p.6-13 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  autism spectrum disorder  awareness  misconceptions  Oman  teachers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with special needs such as those with autism spectrum disorder have been recorded as ostracized and stigmatized in many parts of the world. Little is known about whether such negative views are present among mainstream teachers in Oman. A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate school teachers’ awareness about autism spectrum disorder in an urban region in Oman. A total of 164 teachers were randomly enrolled from five schools. Misconceptions about autism spectrum disorder were found to be common among mainstream teachers in the country. We posit that such lack of awareness was likely to be rooted with sociocultural patterning as well as conflicting views often “spun” by the scientific community and mass media. Enlightened views toward children with autism spectrum disorder should be presented to Omani teachers to overcome misconceptions and negative attitudes toward children with autism spectrum disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313508025 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=245 [article] Awareness about autism among school teachers in Oman: A cross-sectional study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marwan M. AL-SHARBATI, Auteur ; Yahya M. AL-FARSI, Auteur ; Allal OUHTIT, Auteur ; Mostafa I. WALY, Auteur ; Mohamed AL-SHAFAEE, Auteur ; Omar A. AL-FARSI, Auteur ; Maha AL-KHADURI, Auteur ; Mona F. AL-SAID, Auteur ; Samir AL-ADAWI, Auteur . - 2015 . - p.6-13. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 19-1 (January 2015) . - p.6-13 Mots-clés : autism  autism spectrum disorder  awareness  misconceptions  Oman  teachers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with special needs such as those with autism spectrum disorder have been recorded as ostracized and stigmatized in many parts of the world. Little is known about whether such negative views are present among mainstream teachers in Oman. A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate school teachers’ awareness about autism spectrum disorder in an urban region in Oman. A total of 164 teachers were randomly enrolled from five schools. Misconceptions about autism spectrum disorder were found to be common among mainstream teachers in the country. We posit that such lack of awareness was likely to be rooted with sociocultural patterning as well as conflicting views often “spun” by the scientific community and mass media. Enlightened views toward children with autism spectrum disorder should be presented to Omani teachers to overcome misconceptions and negative attitudes toward children with autism spectrum disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361313508025 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=245

Brief Report: Prevalence of Autistic Spectrum Disorders in the Sultanate of Oman / Yahya M. AL-FARSI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41-6 (June 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 41-6 (June 2011) . - p.821-825 Titre : Brief Report: Prevalence of Autistic Spectrum Disorders in the Sultanate of Oman Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yahya M. AL-FARSI, Auteur ; Marwan M. AL-SHARBATI, Auteur ; Omar A. AL-FARSI, Auteur ; Mohammed A. AL SHAFAEE, Auteur ; Daniel R. BROOKS, Auteur ; Mostafa WALY, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.821-825 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  ASD  Prevalence  Symptoms  Oman Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Prevalence of autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) in Oman is unknown. We conducted a cross-sectional study to estimate the prevalence of ASD among 0–14 year old children. Diagnoses were made as per DSM-IV-TR criteria and supplemented with information collected with the standard Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) questionnaire. A total 113 cases of ASD were enumerated nationwide, indicating an overall prevalence of 1.4 (95% CI 1.2, 1.7) cases per 10,000 children aged 0–14 years. More prevalent cases were among boys (75%) and among low-income families. Ritualistic interests were more common among girls as an onset-symptom compared to boys (p = 0.03). The reported low prevalence of ASD in Oman is likely due to under-diagnosis and under-reporting. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1094-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=127 [article] Brief Report: Prevalence of Autistic Spectrum Disorders in the Sultanate of Oman [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yahya M. AL-FARSI, Auteur ; Marwan M. AL-SHARBATI, Auteur ; Omar A. AL-FARSI, Auteur ; Mohammed A. AL SHAFAEE, Auteur ; Daniel R. BROOKS, Auteur ; Mostafa WALY, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.821-825. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 41-6 (June 2011) . - p.821-825 Mots-clés : Autism  ASD  Prevalence  Symptoms  Oman Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Prevalence of autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) in Oman is unknown. We conducted a cross-sectional study to estimate the prevalence of ASD among 0–14 year old children. Diagnoses were made as per DSM-IV-TR criteria and supplemented with information collected with the standard Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) questionnaire. A total 113 cases of ASD were enumerated nationwide, indicating an overall prevalence of 1.4 (95% CI 1.2, 1.7) cases per 10,000 children aged 0–14 years. More prevalent cases were among boys (75%) and among low-income families. Ritualistic interests were more common among girls as an onset-symptom compared to boys (p = 0.03). The reported low prevalence of ASD in Oman is likely due to under-diagnosis and under-reporting. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1094-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=127

Impaired antioxidant status and reduced energy metabolism in autistic children / M. M. ESSA in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7-5 (May 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-5 (May 2013) . - p.557-565 Titre : Impaired antioxidant status and reduced energy metabolism in autistic children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. M. ESSA, Auteur ; N. BRAIDY, Auteur ; M. I. WALY, Auteur ; Yahya M. AL-FARSI, Auteur ; Marwan M. AL-SHARBATI, Auteur ; S. SUBASH, Auteur ; A. AMANAT, Auteur ; M. A. AL-SHAFFAEE, Auteur ; G. J. GUILLEMIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.557-565 Mots-clés : Autism  ATP  Oxidative stress  NAD+  Antioxidants Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress induced mechanisms are believed to be associated with the pathophysiology of autism. In this study, we recruited 19 Omani autistic children with age-matched controls to analyze their plasma and serum redox status and the levels of ATP, NAD+ and NADH using well established spectrophotometric assays. A significant decrease was observed in the levels of plasma total antioxidants (TA), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide and catalase activity in Omani autistic children as compared to their age-matched controls. In contrary, the level of plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was significantly increased in autistic children. Reduced serum NAD+ and ATP levels and lower NAD+:NADH ratio were observedin patients with autism compared to controls. Finally, a significant inverse correlation was observed between plasma GSH, SOD, catalase activity, and serum NAD+ and ATP levels, and autism severity using Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) scores. The levels of plasma GSH-Px and serum NADH correlated strongly with autism severity whilst no significant correlation was observed for plasma TA. Our data suggests that increased vulnerability to oxidative stress in autism may occur as a consequence of alterations in antioxidant enzymes leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2012.12.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=194 [article] Impaired antioxidant status and reduced energy metabolism in autistic children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. M. ESSA, Auteur ; N. BRAIDY, Auteur ; M. I. WALY, Auteur ; Yahya M. AL-FARSI, Auteur ; Marwan M. AL-SHARBATI, Auteur ; S. SUBASH, Auteur ; A. AMANAT, Auteur ; M. A. AL-SHAFFAEE, Auteur ; G. J. GUILLEMIN, Auteur . - p.557-565. in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-5 (May 2013) . - p.557-565 Mots-clés : Autism  ATP  Oxidative stress  NAD+  Antioxidants Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress induced mechanisms are believed to be associated with the pathophysiology of autism. In this study, we recruited 19 Omani autistic children with age-matched controls to analyze their plasma and serum redox status and the levels of ATP, NAD+ and NADH using well established spectrophotometric assays. A significant decrease was observed in the levels of plasma total antioxidants (TA), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide and catalase activity in Omani autistic children as compared to their age-matched controls. In contrary, the level of plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was significantly increased in autistic children. Reduced serum NAD+ and ATP levels and lower NAD+:NADH ratio were observedin patients with autism compared to controls. Finally, a significant inverse correlation was observed between plasma GSH, SOD, catalase activity, and serum NAD+ and ATP levels, and autism severity using Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) scores. The levels of plasma GSH-Px and serum NADH correlated strongly with autism severity whilst no significant correlation was observed for plasma TA. Our data suggests that increased vulnerability to oxidative stress in autism may occur as a consequence of alterations in antioxidant enzymes leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2012.12.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=194

Malnutrition among preschool-aged autistic children in Oman / Yahya M. AL-FARSI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 5-4 (October-December 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 5-4 (October-December 2011) . - p.1549-1552 Titre : Malnutrition among preschool-aged autistic children in Oman Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yahya M. AL-FARSI, Auteur ; Marwan M. AL-SHARBATI, Auteur ; Mostafa WALY, Auteur ; Omar A. AL-FARSI, Auteur ; Mohammed A. AL SHAFAEE, Auteur ; Richard DETH, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1549-1552 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Malnutrition  Stunting  Underweight  Wasting  Autism  Oman Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : To assess prevalence of malnutrition indicators among preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) a cross-sectional study was conducted among 128 Omani autistic children 3–5 years of age. Based on standardized z-scores, the overall prevalence of malnutrition was 9.2 per 100 preschool ASD children (95% CI 4.1, 11.6). The most common type of malnutrition was underweight (3.9; 95% CI 0.5, 7.3), followed by wasting (3.1; 95% CI 0.1, 6.1) and stunting (2.3; 95% CI 0.3, 5.0). Among boys, underweight and stunting were significantly higher than in girls, while wasting was more prevalent among girls. None of the participants showed evidence of overweight or obesity. The study indicates an overall tendency among autistic Omani children towards being malnourished. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2011.02.018 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=126 [article] Malnutrition among preschool-aged autistic children in Oman [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yahya M. AL-FARSI, Auteur ; Marwan M. AL-SHARBATI, Auteur ; Mostafa WALY, Auteur ; Omar A. AL-FARSI, Auteur ; Mohammed A. AL SHAFAEE, Auteur ; Richard DETH, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1549-1552. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 5-4 (October-December 2011) . - p.1549-1552 Mots-clés : Malnutrition  Stunting  Underweight  Wasting  Autism  Oman Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : To assess prevalence of malnutrition indicators among preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) a cross-sectional study was conducted among 128 Omani autistic children 3–5 years of age. Based on standardized z-scores, the overall prevalence of malnutrition was 9.2 per 100 preschool ASD children (95% CI 4.1, 11.6). The most common type of malnutrition was underweight (3.9; 95% CI 0.5, 7.3), followed by wasting (3.1; 95% CI 0.1, 6.1) and stunting (2.3; 95% CI 0.3, 5.0). Among boys, underweight and stunting were significantly higher than in girls, while wasting was more prevalent among girls. None of the participants showed evidence of overweight or obesity. The study indicates an overall tendency among autistic Omani children towards being malnourished. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2011.02.018 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=126

Variation in Socio-Economic Burden for Caring of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Oman: Caregiver Perspectives / Yahya M. AL-FARSI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43-5 (May 2013)  

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