Adults with autism spectrum disorder are sensitive to the kinematic features defining natural human motion / R. EDEY in Autism Research, 12-2 (February 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-2 (February 2019) . - p.284-294 Titre : Adults with autism spectrum disorder are sensitive to the kinematic features defining natural human motion Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. EDEY, Auteur ; J. COOK, Auteur ; R. BREWER, Auteur ; Geoffrey BIRD, Auteur ; C. PRESS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.284-294 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults  biological motion  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been hypothesized that individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (hereafter "autism") have problems perceiving biological motion, which contributes to their social difficulties. However, the ability to perceive the kinematic profile characteristic of biological motion has not been systematically examined in autism. To examine this basic perceptual ability we conducted two experiments comparing adults with autism with matched typical adults. In Experiment 1, participants indicated whether two movements-which differed in the quantity of formula-generated biological motion-were the same or different. In Experiment 2, they judged which of two movements was "less natural," where the stimuli varied in the degree to which they were a product of real movement data produced by autistic and typical models. There were no group differences in perceptual sensitivity in either experiment, with null effects supported by Bayesian analyses. The findings from these two experiments demonstrate that adults with autism are sensitive to the kinematic information defining biological motion to a typical degree-they are both able to detect the perceptual information in a same-different judgment, and as inclined to categorize biological motion derived from real models as natural. These findings therefore provide evidence against the hypothesis that individuals with autism exhibit low-level difficulties in perceiving the kinematics of others' actions, suggesting that atypicalities arise either when integrating this kinematic information with other perceptual input, or in the interpretation of kinematic information. Autism Res 2019, 12: 284-294 (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: It has previously been suggested that autistic children and adults have problems perceiving the detailed manner in which others move-that is, the subtle changes in speed as we move from point to point-which may impact on their ability to learn from, and about, others in a typical fashion. However, the results from the present two studies demonstrate that adults with autism can perceive this information, suggesting that atypicalities in processing others' movement may arise mainly as a consequence of atypical interpretation rather than perception. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2052 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=383 [article] Adults with autism spectrum disorder are sensitive to the kinematic features defining natural human motion [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. EDEY, Auteur ; J. COOK, Auteur ; R. BREWER, Auteur ; Geoffrey BIRD, Auteur ; C. PRESS, Auteur . - p.284-294. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-2 (February 2019) . - p.284-294 Mots-clés : adults  biological motion  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been hypothesized that individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (hereafter "autism") have problems perceiving biological motion, which contributes to their social difficulties. However, the ability to perceive the kinematic profile characteristic of biological motion has not been systematically examined in autism. To examine this basic perceptual ability we conducted two experiments comparing adults with autism with matched typical adults. In Experiment 1, participants indicated whether two movements-which differed in the quantity of formula-generated biological motion-were the same or different. In Experiment 2, they judged which of two movements was "less natural," where the stimuli varied in the degree to which they were a product of real movement data produced by autistic and typical models. There were no group differences in perceptual sensitivity in either experiment, with null effects supported by Bayesian analyses. The findings from these two experiments demonstrate that adults with autism are sensitive to the kinematic information defining biological motion to a typical degree-they are both able to detect the perceptual information in a same-different judgment, and as inclined to categorize biological motion derived from real models as natural. These findings therefore provide evidence against the hypothesis that individuals with autism exhibit low-level difficulties in perceiving the kinematics of others' actions, suggesting that atypicalities arise either when integrating this kinematic information with other perceptual input, or in the interpretation of kinematic information. Autism Res 2019, 12: 284-294 (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: It has previously been suggested that autistic children and adults have problems perceiving the detailed manner in which others move-that is, the subtle changes in speed as we move from point to point-which may impact on their ability to learn from, and about, others in a typical fashion. However, the results from the present two studies demonstrate that adults with autism can perceive this information, suggesting that atypicalities in processing others' movement may arise mainly as a consequence of atypical interpretation rather than perception. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2052 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=383

Alexithymia and autism diagnostic assessments: Evidence from twins at genetic risk of autism and adults with anorexia nervosa / Hannah HOBSON in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 73 (May 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 73 (May 2019) . - 101531 Titre : Alexithymia and autism diagnostic assessments: Evidence from twins at genetic risk of autism and adults with anorexia nervosa Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hannah HOBSON, Auteur ; Heather WESTWOOD, Auteur ; Jane CONWAY, Auteur ; Fiona S. MCEWEN, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Caroline CATMUR, Auteur ; Geoffrey BIRD, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur Article en page(s) : 101531 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADOS  Alexithymia  Diagnosis  Autism  Anorexia nervosa Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Alexithymia, a difficulty identifying and communicating one’s own emotions, affects socio-emotional processes, such as emotion recognition and empathy. Co-occurring alexithymia is prevalent in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and underlies some socio-emotional difficulties usually attributed to autism. Socio-emotional abilities are examined during behavioural diagnostic assessments of autism, yet the effect of alexithymia on these assessments is not known. This study aimed to examine the associations between alexithymia and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) assessment scores. Method Two previously collected samples of ADOS assessments were used to examine the relationship between alexithymia and ADOS scores. Participants included 96 women with anorexia, and 147 adolescents who were either high in autistic symptoms, or whose twin had high autistic symptoms. We examined 1) the impact of alexithymia on meeting the criteria for autism/ASD, 2) correlations between alexithymia and ADOS subscales, and 3) whether alexithymia predicted scores on specific ADOS items, selected a priori based on existing literature. Results In the adolescent group, parent-reported (but not self-reported) alexithymia correlated with both ADOS sub-scales, predicted scores on ADOS items, and predicted meeting clinical cut-offs for an ASD/autism diagnosis. Few associations were observed in the anorexic sample between self-reported alexithymia and ADOS subscale and item scores, but the presence of alexithymia predicted the likelihood of meeting diagnostic criteria for autism/ASD in this sample. Conclusions Alexithymia does show relationships with ADOS assessment scores. We discuss potential clinical and research implications, particularly in studies of autism where the ADOS is often the only diagnostic measure used. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101531 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=421 [article] Alexithymia and autism diagnostic assessments: Evidence from twins at genetic risk of autism and adults with anorexia nervosa [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hannah HOBSON, Auteur ; Heather WESTWOOD, Auteur ; Jane CONWAY, Auteur ; Fiona S. MCEWEN, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Caroline CATMUR, Auteur ; Geoffrey BIRD, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur . - 101531. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 73 (May 2019) . - 101531 Mots-clés : ADOS  Alexithymia  Diagnosis  Autism  Anorexia nervosa Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Alexithymia, a difficulty identifying and communicating one’s own emotions, affects socio-emotional processes, such as emotion recognition and empathy. Co-occurring alexithymia is prevalent in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and underlies some socio-emotional difficulties usually attributed to autism. Socio-emotional abilities are examined during behavioural diagnostic assessments of autism, yet the effect of alexithymia on these assessments is not known. This study aimed to examine the associations between alexithymia and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) assessment scores. Method Two previously collected samples of ADOS assessments were used to examine the relationship between alexithymia and ADOS scores. Participants included 96 women with anorexia, and 147 adolescents who were either high in autistic symptoms, or whose twin had high autistic symptoms. We examined 1) the impact of alexithymia on meeting the criteria for autism/ASD, 2) correlations between alexithymia and ADOS subscales, and 3) whether alexithymia predicted scores on specific ADOS items, selected a priori based on existing literature. Results In the adolescent group, parent-reported (but not self-reported) alexithymia correlated with both ADOS sub-scales, predicted scores on ADOS items, and predicted meeting clinical cut-offs for an ASD/autism diagnosis. Few associations were observed in the anorexic sample between self-reported alexithymia and ADOS subscale and item scores, but the presence of alexithymia predicted the likelihood of meeting diagnostic criteria for autism/ASD in this sample. Conclusions Alexithymia does show relationships with ADOS assessment scores. We discuss potential clinical and research implications, particularly in studies of autism where the ADOS is often the only diagnostic measure used. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101531 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=421

Are Autistic and Alexithymic Traits Distinct? A Factor-Analytic and Network Approach / Hélio Clemente CUVE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-5 (May 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-5 (May 2022) . - p.2019-2034 Titre : Are Autistic and Alexithymic Traits Distinct? A Factor-Analytic and Network Approach Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hélio Clemente CUVE, Auteur ; Jennifer MURPHY, Auteur ; Hannah HOBSON, Auteur ; Eri ICHIJO, Auteur ; Caroline CATMUR, Auteur ; Geoffrey BIRD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2019-2034 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Affective Symptoms/diagnosis/psychology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/psychology  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis/psychology  Humans  Phenotype  Alexithymia  Autism  Factor  Network  Separation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite the heterogeneity in autism, socioemotional difficulties are often framed as universal. Increasing evidence, however, suggests that socioemotional difficulties may be explained by alexithymia, a distinct yet frequently co-occurring condition. If, as some propose, autistic traits are responsible for socioemotional impairments, then alexithymia may itself be a symptom of autism. We aimed to determine whether alexithymia should be considered a product of autism or regarded as a separate condition. Using factor-analytic and network approaches, we provide evidence that alexithymic and autistic traits are distinct. We argue that: (1) models of socioemotional processing in autism should conceptualise difficulties as intrinsic to alexithymia; and (2) assessment of alexithymia is crucial for diagnosis and personalised interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05094-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] Are Autistic and Alexithymic Traits Distinct? A Factor-Analytic and Network Approach [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hélio Clemente CUVE, Auteur ; Jennifer MURPHY, Auteur ; Hannah HOBSON, Auteur ; Eri ICHIJO, Auteur ; Caroline CATMUR, Auteur ; Geoffrey BIRD, Auteur . - p.2019-2034. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-5 (May 2022) . - p.2019-2034 Mots-clés : Affective Symptoms/diagnosis/psychology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/psychology  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis/psychology  Humans  Phenotype  Alexithymia  Autism  Factor  Network  Separation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite the heterogeneity in autism, socioemotional difficulties are often framed as universal. Increasing evidence, however, suggests that socioemotional difficulties may be explained by alexithymia, a distinct yet frequently co-occurring condition. If, as some propose, autistic traits are responsible for socioemotional impairments, then alexithymia may itself be a symptom of autism. We aimed to determine whether alexithymia should be considered a product of autism or regarded as a separate condition. Using factor-analytic and network approaches, we provide evidence that alexithymic and autistic traits are distinct. We argue that: (1) models of socioemotional processing in autism should conceptualise difficulties as intrinsic to alexithymia; and (2) assessment of alexithymia is crucial for diagnosis and personalised interventions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05094-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

Attitudes to Interpersonal Touch in the Workplace in Autistic and non-Autistic Groups / Natalie BOWLING ; Aikaterini VAFEIADOU ; Claudia HAMMOND ; Geoffrey BIRD ; Michael J. BANISSY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 53-12 (December 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 53-12 (December 2023) . - p.4731-4743 Titre : Attitudes to Interpersonal Touch in the Workplace in Autistic and non-Autistic Groups Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Natalie BOWLING, Auteur ; Aikaterini VAFEIADOU, Auteur ; Claudia HAMMOND, Auteur ; Geoffrey BIRD, Auteur ; Michael J. BANISSY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4731-4743 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Unemployment and underemployment have consistently been shown to be higher in autistic adults relative to non-autistic adults. This may be due, in part, to a lack of workplace accommodations being made for autistic people. One factor that may contribute to employment inequalities in autistic people is differences in attitudes towards interpersonal touch. This study acts as a preliminary investigation into whether employed autistic and non-autistic participants differ in their attitudes towards touch in the workplace, and in their loneliness and wellbeing. The current dataset was drawn from a larger online survey (the Touch Test) designed to explore attitudes and experiences towards touch. We found that employed autistic participants had more negative attitudes to general, social and workplace touch relative to non-autistic participants. Autistic participants also experienced greater loneliness and reduced wellbeing. Attachment-related anxiety was the only significant predictor of wellbeing in employed autistic adults. However, attachment-related anxiety, general attitudes to touch and the role of touch in the workplace predicted wellbeing in employed non-autistic adults. With regards to loneliness, general attitudes to touch and the role of touch in the workplace predicted loneliness in autistic participants. We also replicated the finding that a greater proportion of autistic participants were unemployed relative to non-autistic participants. Collectively, this research highlights the importance of considering touch in research investigating employment, and its impact on loneliness and wellbeing, in autistic participants. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05710-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=516 [article] Attitudes to Interpersonal Touch in the Workplace in Autistic and non-Autistic Groups [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Natalie BOWLING, Auteur ; Aikaterini VAFEIADOU, Auteur ; Claudia HAMMOND, Auteur ; Geoffrey BIRD, Auteur ; Michael J. BANISSY, Auteur . - p.4731-4743. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 53-12 (December 2023) . - p.4731-4743 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Unemployment and underemployment have consistently been shown to be higher in autistic adults relative to non-autistic adults. This may be due, in part, to a lack of workplace accommodations being made for autistic people. One factor that may contribute to employment inequalities in autistic people is differences in attitudes towards interpersonal touch. This study acts as a preliminary investigation into whether employed autistic and non-autistic participants differ in their attitudes towards touch in the workplace, and in their loneliness and wellbeing. The current dataset was drawn from a larger online survey (the Touch Test) designed to explore attitudes and experiences towards touch. We found that employed autistic participants had more negative attitudes to general, social and workplace touch relative to non-autistic participants. Autistic participants also experienced greater loneliness and reduced wellbeing. Attachment-related anxiety was the only significant predictor of wellbeing in employed autistic adults. However, attachment-related anxiety, general attitudes to touch and the role of touch in the workplace predicted wellbeing in employed non-autistic adults. With regards to loneliness, general attitudes to touch and the role of touch in the workplace predicted loneliness in autistic participants. We also replicated the finding that a greater proportion of autistic participants were unemployed relative to non-autistic participants. Collectively, this research highlights the importance of considering touch in research investigating employment, and its impact on loneliness and wellbeing, in autistic participants. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05710-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=516

Atypical Social Modulation of Imitation in Autism Spectrum Conditions / Jennifer L. COOK in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42-6 (June 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-6 (June 2012) . - p.1045-1051 Titre : Atypical Social Modulation of Imitation in Autism Spectrum Conditions Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jennifer L. COOK, Auteur ; Geoffrey BIRD, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.1045-1051 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Imitation  Mirror neuron  Social priming Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Appropriate modulation of imitation according to social context is important for successful social interaction. In the present study we subliminally primed high-functioning adults with ASC and age- and IQ-matched controls with either a pro- or non- social attitude. Following priming, an automatic imitation paradigm was used to acquire an index of imitation. Whereas imitation levels were higher for pro-socially primed relative to non-socially primed control participants, there was no difference between pro- and non- socially primed individuals with ASC. We conclude that high-functioning adults with ASC demonstrate atypical social modulation of imitation. Given the importance of imitation in social interaction we speculate that difficulties with the modulation of imitation may contribute to the social problems characteristic of ASC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1341-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=156 [article] Atypical Social Modulation of Imitation in Autism Spectrum Conditions [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jennifer L. COOK, Auteur ; Geoffrey BIRD, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.1045-1051. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-6 (June 2012) . - p.1045-1051 Mots-clés : Autism  Imitation  Mirror neuron  Social priming Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Appropriate modulation of imitation according to social context is important for successful social interaction. In the present study we subliminally primed high-functioning adults with ASC and age- and IQ-matched controls with either a pro- or non- social attitude. Following priming, an automatic imitation paradigm was used to acquire an index of imitation. Whereas imitation levels were higher for pro-socially primed relative to non-socially primed control participants, there was no difference between pro- and non- socially primed individuals with ASC. We conclude that high-functioning adults with ASC demonstrate atypical social modulation of imitation. Given the importance of imitation in social interaction we speculate that difficulties with the modulation of imitation may contribute to the social problems characteristic of ASC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1341-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=156

Autism and empathy: What are the real links? / Sue FLETCHER-WATSON in Autism, 24-1 (January 2020)  

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Autism and transgender identity: Implications for depression and anxiety / Jennifer MURPHY in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 69 (January 2020)  

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Brief Report: Typical Auditory-Motor and Enhanced Visual-Motor Temporal Synchronization in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder / R. EDEY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-2 (February 2019)  

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Can Neurotypical Individuals Read Autistic Facial Expressions? Atypical Production of Emotional Facial Expressions in Autism Spectrum Disorders / Rebecca BREWER in Autism Research, 9-2 (February 2016)  

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Emotional decision-making in autism spectrum disorder: the roles of interoception and alexithymia / P. SHAH in Molecular Autism, 7 (2016)  

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Face memory and face perception in autism / M. STANTI? in Autism, 26-1 (January 2022)  

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Facilitating sensorimotor integration via blocked practice underpins imitation learning of atypical biological kinematics in autism spectrum disorder / Nathan C. FOSTER in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

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Getting Off to a Shaky Start: Specificity in Planning and Feedforward Control During Sensorimotor Learning in Autism Spectrum Disorder / Nathan C. FOSTER in Autism Research, 13-3 (March 2020)  

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‘I am who I am’: Reputation concerns in adolescents on the autism spectrum / Eilidh CAGE in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 25 (May 2016)  

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Individuals with Autism Share Others' Emotions: Evidence from the Continuous Affective Rating and Empathic Responses (CARER) Task / Idalmis SANTIESTEBAN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-2 (February 2021)  

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