An interaction between early threat exposure and the oxytocin receptor in females: Disorder-specific versus general risk for psychopathology and social–emotional mediators / Amy L. BYRD in Development and Psychopathology, 33-4 (October 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 33-4 (October 2021) . - p.1248-1263 Titre : An interaction between early threat exposure and the oxytocin receptor in females: Disorder-specific versus general risk for psychopathology and social–emotional mediators Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Amy L. BYRD, Auteur ; Irene TUNG, Auteur ; Stephen D. MANUCK, Auteur ; Vera VINE, Auteur ; Michelle HORNER, Auteur ; Alison E. HIPWELL, Auteur ; Stephanie D. STEPP, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1248-1263 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : callousness  emotion dysregulation  maltreatment  oxytocin  psychopathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early threat exposure is a transdiagnostic risk factor for psychopathology, and evidence suggests that genetic variation in the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) moderates this association. However, it is unclear if this gene-by-environment (G×E) interaction is tied to unique risk for disorder-specific outcomes or instead increases shared risk for general psychopathology. Moreover, little is known about how this G×E interaction increases risk. The current study utilized a prospective, longitudinal sample of females (n = 2,020) to examine: (a) whether the interaction between early threat exposure and OXTR variation (rs53576, rs2254298) confers risk for disorder-specific outcomes (depression, anxiety, borderline and antisocial personality disorders) and/or general psychopathology in early adulthood; and (b) whether social–emotional deficits (emotion dysregulation, callousness, attachment quality) during adolescence constitute mediating mechanisms. Consistent with hypotheses, the interactive effects of early threat exposure and OXTR variation (rs53576) predicted general psychopathology, with threat-exposed women carrying at least one copy of the rs53576 A-allele at greatest risk. This interaction was mediated via emotional dysregulation in adolescence, with threat-exposed A-allele carriers demonstrating greater emotion dysregulation, and greater emotion dysregulation predicting general psychopathology in early adulthood. Findings suggest that this G×E places women at risk for a broad range of psychopathology via effects on emotion dysregulation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579420000462 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=457 [article] An interaction between early threat exposure and the oxytocin receptor in females: Disorder-specific versus general risk for psychopathology and social–emotional mediators [texte imprimé] / Amy L. BYRD, Auteur ; Irene TUNG, Auteur ; Stephen D. MANUCK, Auteur ; Vera VINE, Auteur ; Michelle HORNER, Auteur ; Alison E. HIPWELL, Auteur ; Stephanie D. STEPP, Auteur . - p.1248-1263. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 33-4 (October 2021) . - p.1248-1263 Mots-clés : callousness  emotion dysregulation  maltreatment  oxytocin  psychopathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early threat exposure is a transdiagnostic risk factor for psychopathology, and evidence suggests that genetic variation in the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) moderates this association. However, it is unclear if this gene-by-environment (G×E) interaction is tied to unique risk for disorder-specific outcomes or instead increases shared risk for general psychopathology. Moreover, little is known about how this G×E interaction increases risk. The current study utilized a prospective, longitudinal sample of females (n = 2,020) to examine: (a) whether the interaction between early threat exposure and OXTR variation (rs53576, rs2254298) confers risk for disorder-specific outcomes (depression, anxiety, borderline and antisocial personality disorders) and/or general psychopathology in early adulthood; and (b) whether social–emotional deficits (emotion dysregulation, callousness, attachment quality) during adolescence constitute mediating mechanisms. Consistent with hypotheses, the interactive effects of early threat exposure and OXTR variation (rs53576) predicted general psychopathology, with threat-exposed women carrying at least one copy of the rs53576 A-allele at greatest risk. This interaction was mediated via emotional dysregulation in adolescence, with threat-exposed A-allele carriers demonstrating greater emotion dysregulation, and greater emotion dysregulation predicting general psychopathology in early adulthood. Findings suggest that this G×E places women at risk for a broad range of psychopathology via effects on emotion dysregulation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579420000462 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=457

Applying new RDoC dimensions to the development of emotion regulation: Examining the influence of maternal emotion regulation on within-individual change in child emotion regulation / Amy L. BYRD in Development and Psychopathology, 33-5 (December 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 33-5 (December 2021) . - p.1821-1836 Titre : Applying new RDoC dimensions to the development of emotion regulation: Examining the influence of maternal emotion regulation on within-individual change in child emotion regulation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Amy L. BYRD, Auteur ; Angela H. LEE, Auteur ; Olivia A. FRIGOLETTO, Auteur ; Maureen ZALEWSKI, Auteur ; Stephanie D. STEPP, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1821-1836 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : dialectical behavior therapy  emotion regulation  externalizing problems  intergenerational transmission  longitudinal  trajectory  preschool Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) acknowledges that environmental and developmental influences represent important elements of the RDoC framework, there is little specificity regarding how and when to systematically examine the impact of these dimensions on domains of function. The primary aims of this paper are to demonstrate the ways in which the RDoC can be expanded to include an explicit emphasis on (a) assessing within-individual change in developmental processes over time and (b) evaluating the extent to which selective and measurable environmental influences drive meaningful change during key developmental periods. We provide data from an ongoing randomized control trial as a proof of concept to highlight how repeated assessments within an experimental intervention design affords the unique opportunity to test the impact of environmental influences on within-individual change. Using preliminary data from 77 mother–child dyads repeatedly assessed across 12 months during the sensitive preschool period, we demonstrate the impact of change in maternal emotion regulation (ER) on within-individual growth in child ER and link that growth to fewer teacher-reported externalizing problems. In line with this Special Issue, findings are discussed within the context of expanding and clarifying the existing RDoC framework to explicitly incorporate environmental and developmental dimensions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579421000948 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=458 [article] Applying new RDoC dimensions to the development of emotion regulation: Examining the influence of maternal emotion regulation on within-individual change in child emotion regulation [texte imprimé] / Amy L. BYRD, Auteur ; Angela H. LEE, Auteur ; Olivia A. FRIGOLETTO, Auteur ; Maureen ZALEWSKI, Auteur ; Stephanie D. STEPP, Auteur . - p.1821-1836. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 33-5 (December 2021) . - p.1821-1836 Mots-clés : dialectical behavior therapy  emotion regulation  externalizing problems  intergenerational transmission  longitudinal  trajectory  preschool Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) acknowledges that environmental and developmental influences represent important elements of the RDoC framework, there is little specificity regarding how and when to systematically examine the impact of these dimensions on domains of function. The primary aims of this paper are to demonstrate the ways in which the RDoC can be expanded to include an explicit emphasis on (a) assessing within-individual change in developmental processes over time and (b) evaluating the extent to which selective and measurable environmental influences drive meaningful change during key developmental periods. We provide data from an ongoing randomized control trial as a proof of concept to highlight how repeated assessments within an experimental intervention design affords the unique opportunity to test the impact of environmental influences on within-individual change. Using preliminary data from 77 mother–child dyads repeatedly assessed across 12 months during the sensitive preschool period, we demonstrate the impact of change in maternal emotion regulation (ER) on within-individual growth in child ER and link that growth to fewer teacher-reported externalizing problems. In line with this Special Issue, findings are discussed within the context of expanding and clarifying the existing RDoC framework to explicitly incorporate environmental and developmental dimensions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579421000948 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=458

Callous-unemotional traits, cognitive functioning, and externalizing problems in a propensity-matched sample from the ABCD study / Samantha PERLSTEIN ; Yael PAZ ; Jakob SEIDLITZ ; Adrian RAINE ; Samuel HAWES ; Amy L. BYRD ; Rebecca WALLER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 66-3 (March 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 66-3 (March 2025) . - p.333-349 Titre : Callous-unemotional traits, cognitive functioning, and externalizing problems in a propensity-matched sample from the ABCD study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Samantha PERLSTEIN, Auteur ; Yael PAZ, Auteur ; Jakob SEIDLITZ, Auteur ; Adrian RAINE, Auteur ; Samuel HAWES, Auteur ; Amy L. BYRD, Auteur ; Rebecca WALLER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.333-349 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : callous-unemotional traits  cognitive function  aggressive behavior  externalizing disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Many studies show that both callous-unemotional (CU) traits (e.g., low empathy, lack of guilt) and cognitive difficulties increase risk for externalizing psychopathology across development. However, other work suggests that some aggression (e.g., relational, proactive) may rely on intact cognitive function, which could vary based on the presence of CU traits. Moreover, no prior research has adequately accounted for common risk factors shared by CU traits, cognitive difficulties, and externalizing problems, which confounds conclusions that can be drawn about their purported relationships. The current study addressed these knowledge gaps by leveraging rigorous propensity matching methods to isolate associations between CU traits and different dimensions of cognitive function and externalizing problems. Methods Associations between CU traits, cognitive functioning, and externalizing outcomes were tested within dimensional (n 11,868) and propensity-matched group-based (n 1,224) models using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study?, with rigorous statistical control for shared sociodemographic risk factors. Cross-sectional outcomes were parent-reported symptoms of conduct disorder (CD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Longitudinal outcomes were child-reported overt and relational aggression. Results CU traits were uniquely related to more parent-reported CD, ODD, ADHD symptoms, as well as more child-reported aggressive behaviors. Effects of cognitive difficulties were domain specific and were not consistent across dimensional and propensity matched models. There was minimal evidence for divergent associations between CU traits and externalizing outcomes as a function of cognition (i.e., no moderation). Conclusions Rigorous control for sociodemographic factors within propensity-matched models establish CU traits as a robust and unique risk factor for externalizing psychopathology, over and above difficulties with cognitive functioning. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14062 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=548 [article] Callous-unemotional traits, cognitive functioning, and externalizing problems in a propensity-matched sample from the ABCD study [texte imprimé] / Samantha PERLSTEIN, Auteur ; Yael PAZ, Auteur ; Jakob SEIDLITZ, Auteur ; Adrian RAINE, Auteur ; Samuel HAWES, Auteur ; Amy L. BYRD, Auteur ; Rebecca WALLER, Auteur . - p.333-349. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 66-3 (March 2025) . - p.333-349 Mots-clés : callous-unemotional traits  cognitive function  aggressive behavior  externalizing disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Many studies show that both callous-unemotional (CU) traits (e.g., low empathy, lack of guilt) and cognitive difficulties increase risk for externalizing psychopathology across development. However, other work suggests that some aggression (e.g., relational, proactive) may rely on intact cognitive function, which could vary based on the presence of CU traits. Moreover, no prior research has adequately accounted for common risk factors shared by CU traits, cognitive difficulties, and externalizing problems, which confounds conclusions that can be drawn about their purported relationships. The current study addressed these knowledge gaps by leveraging rigorous propensity matching methods to isolate associations between CU traits and different dimensions of cognitive function and externalizing problems. Methods Associations between CU traits, cognitive functioning, and externalizing outcomes were tested within dimensional (n 11,868) and propensity-matched group-based (n 1,224) models using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study?, with rigorous statistical control for shared sociodemographic risk factors. Cross-sectional outcomes were parent-reported symptoms of conduct disorder (CD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Longitudinal outcomes were child-reported overt and relational aggression. Results CU traits were uniquely related to more parent-reported CD, ODD, ADHD symptoms, as well as more child-reported aggressive behaviors. Effects of cognitive difficulties were domain specific and were not consistent across dimensional and propensity matched models. There was minimal evidence for divergent associations between CU traits and externalizing outcomes as a function of cognition (i.e., no moderation). Conclusions Rigorous control for sociodemographic factors within propensity-matched models establish CU traits as a robust and unique risk factor for externalizing psychopathology, over and above difficulties with cognitive functioning. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14062 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=548

Evaluating the sensitivity to threat and affiliative reward (STAR) model in relation to the development of conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits across early adolescence / Emily R. PERKINS ; Olivier F. COLINS ; Samantha PERLSTEIN ; Nicholas J. WAGNER ; Samuel W. HAWES ; Amy L. BYRD ; Essi VIDING ; Rebecca WALLER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 65-10 (October 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 65-10 (October 2024) . - p.1327-1339 Titre : Evaluating the sensitivity to threat and affiliative reward (STAR) model in relation to the development of conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits across early adolescence Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Emily R. PERKINS, Auteur ; Olivier F. COLINS, Auteur ; Samantha PERLSTEIN, Auteur ; Nicholas J. WAGNER, Auteur ; Samuel W. HAWES, Auteur ; Amy L. BYRD, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Rebecca WALLER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1327-1339 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Affiliation  callous-unemotional  conduct problems  parenting  psychopathology  threat sensitivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The Sensitivity to Threat and Affiliative Reward (STAR) model proposes low threat sensitivity and low affiliation as risk factors for callous-unemotional (CU) traits. Preliminary evidence for the STAR model comes from work in early childhood. However, studies are needed that explore the STAR dimensions in late childhood and adolescence when severe conduct problems (CP) emerge. Moreover, it is unclear how variability across the full spectrum of threat sensitivity and affiliation gives rise to different forms of psychopathology beyond CU traits. Methods The current study addressed these gaps using parent- and child-reported data from three waves and a sub-study of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study? of 11,878 youth (48% female; ages 9 12). Results Consistent with the STAR model, low threat sensitivity and low affiliation were independently related to CU traits across informants and time. Moreover, there was significant interaction between the STAR dimensions, such that children with lower sensitivity to threat and lower affiliation had higher parent-reported CU traits. Unlike CU traits, children with higher threat sensitivity had higher parent-reported CP and anxiety. Finally, children with lower affiliation had higher parent-reported CP, anxiety, and depression. Results largely replicated across informants and time, and sensitivity analysis revealed similar findings in children with and without DSM-5 defined CP. Conclusions Results support the STAR model hypotheses as they pertain to CU traits and delineate threat sensitivity and affiliation as independent transdiagnostic risk factors for different types of psychopathology. Future research is needed to develop fuller and more reliable and valid measures of affiliation and threat sensitivity across multiple assessment modalities. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13976 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=535 [article] Evaluating the sensitivity to threat and affiliative reward (STAR) model in relation to the development of conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits across early adolescence [texte imprimé] / Emily R. PERKINS, Auteur ; Olivier F. COLINS, Auteur ; Samantha PERLSTEIN, Auteur ; Nicholas J. WAGNER, Auteur ; Samuel W. HAWES, Auteur ; Amy L. BYRD, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Rebecca WALLER, Auteur . - p.1327-1339. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 65-10 (October 2024) . - p.1327-1339 Mots-clés : Affiliation  callous-unemotional  conduct problems  parenting  psychopathology  threat sensitivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The Sensitivity to Threat and Affiliative Reward (STAR) model proposes low threat sensitivity and low affiliation as risk factors for callous-unemotional (CU) traits. Preliminary evidence for the STAR model comes from work in early childhood. However, studies are needed that explore the STAR dimensions in late childhood and adolescence when severe conduct problems (CP) emerge. Moreover, it is unclear how variability across the full spectrum of threat sensitivity and affiliation gives rise to different forms of psychopathology beyond CU traits. Methods The current study addressed these gaps using parent- and child-reported data from three waves and a sub-study of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study? of 11,878 youth (48% female; ages 9 12). Results Consistent with the STAR model, low threat sensitivity and low affiliation were independently related to CU traits across informants and time. Moreover, there was significant interaction between the STAR dimensions, such that children with lower sensitivity to threat and lower affiliation had higher parent-reported CU traits. Unlike CU traits, children with higher threat sensitivity had higher parent-reported CP and anxiety. Finally, children with lower affiliation had higher parent-reported CP, anxiety, and depression. Results largely replicated across informants and time, and sensitivity analysis revealed similar findings in children with and without DSM-5 defined CP. Conclusions Results support the STAR model hypotheses as they pertain to CU traits and delineate threat sensitivity and affiliation as independent transdiagnostic risk factors for different types of psychopathology. Future research is needed to develop fuller and more reliable and valid measures of affiliation and threat sensitivity across multiple assessment modalities. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13976 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=535

Genetic versus environmental influences on callous–unemotional traits in preadolescence: The role of parenting and parental psychopathology / Samantha PERLSTEIN in Development and Psychopathology, 34-5 (December 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 34-5 (December 2022) . - p.1686-1701 Titre : Genetic versus environmental influences on callous–unemotional traits in preadolescence: The role of parenting and parental psychopathology Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Samantha PERLSTEIN, Auteur ; Samuel HAWES, Auteur ; Alexandra Y. VAZQUEZ, Auteur ; Ileana PACHECO-COLON, Auteur ; Sarah LEHMAN, Auteur ; Justin PARENT, Auteur ; Amy L. BYRD, Auteur ; Rebecca WALLER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1686-1701 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : callous–unemotional traits  environment  etiology  genetics  parenting  twin study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with callous “unemotional (CU) traits are at risk for severe conduct problems. While CU traits are moderately heritable, parenting also predicts risk. However, few studies have investigated whether parenting factors (e.g., acceptance, conflict, parental psychopathology) moderate the etiology of CU traits, while accounting for gene “environment correlations. To address this knowledge gap, we used data from 772 twin pairs from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study to test bivariate models that explored overlapping etiological influences on CU traits and child reports of their parenting environment. We also used gene-by-environment interaction models to test whether parenting moderated genetic versus environmental influences. There were no overlapping etiological influences on CU traits and parental acceptance, but modest genetic and non-shared environmental overlap between CU traits and family conflict. Parental acceptance and psychopathology moderated non-shared environmental influences, with stronger non-shared environmental influences on CU traits among children who experienced lower parental acceptance and greater parental psychopathology. Family conflict only moderated environmental influences when models did not covary for conduct problems. Parental acceptance and parental psychopathology may be specific environmental protective and risk factors for CU traits, whereas family conflict may represent a general environmental risk factor for both CU traits and conduct problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579422000888 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491 [article] Genetic versus environmental influences on callous–unemotional traits in preadolescence: The role of parenting and parental psychopathology [texte imprimé] / Samantha PERLSTEIN, Auteur ; Samuel HAWES, Auteur ; Alexandra Y. VAZQUEZ, Auteur ; Ileana PACHECO-COLON, Auteur ; Sarah LEHMAN, Auteur ; Justin PARENT, Auteur ; Amy L. BYRD, Auteur ; Rebecca WALLER, Auteur . - p.1686-1701. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 34-5 (December 2022) . - p.1686-1701 Mots-clés : callous–unemotional traits  environment  etiology  genetics  parenting  twin study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with callous “unemotional (CU) traits are at risk for severe conduct problems. While CU traits are moderately heritable, parenting also predicts risk. However, few studies have investigated whether parenting factors (e.g., acceptance, conflict, parental psychopathology) moderate the etiology of CU traits, while accounting for gene “environment correlations. To address this knowledge gap, we used data from 772 twin pairs from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study to test bivariate models that explored overlapping etiological influences on CU traits and child reports of their parenting environment. We also used gene-by-environment interaction models to test whether parenting moderated genetic versus environmental influences. There were no overlapping etiological influences on CU traits and parental acceptance, but modest genetic and non-shared environmental overlap between CU traits and family conflict. Parental acceptance and psychopathology moderated non-shared environmental influences, with stronger non-shared environmental influences on CU traits among children who experienced lower parental acceptance and greater parental psychopathology. Family conflict only moderated environmental influences when models did not covary for conduct problems. Parental acceptance and parental psychopathology may be specific environmental protective and risk factors for CU traits, whereas family conflict may represent a general environmental risk factor for both CU traits and conduct problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579422000888 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491

Late childhood interpersonal callousness and conduct problem trajectories interact to predict adult psychopathy / Samuel W. HAWES in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-1 (January 2017)  

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Momentary borderline personality disorder symptoms in youth as a function of parental invalidation and youth-perceived support / S. VANWOERDEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-2 (February 2022)  

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Perceptions of aggressive conflicts and others’ distress in children with callous-unemotional traits: ‘I’ll show you who’s boss, even if you suffer and I get in trouble’ / Dustin A. PARDINI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-3 (March 2012)  

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The interaction between monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) and childhood maltreatment as a predictor of personality pathology in females: Emotional reactivity as a potential mediating mechanism / Amy L. BYRD in Development and Psychopathology, 31-1 (February 2019)  

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The interaction between monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) and childhood maltreatment as a predictor of personality pathology in females: Emotional reactivity as a potential mediating mechanism – ERRATUM / Amy L. BYRD in Development and Psychopathology, 31-1 (February 2019)  

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The role of youths' cardiac autonomic balance and parental responses to youth emotion in vulnerability to borderline personality disorder development / Vera VINE ; Amy L. BYRD ; J. Richard JENNINGS ; Stephanie D. STEPP in Development and Psychopathology, 36-2 (May 2024)  

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Understanding desisting and persisting forms of delinquency: the unique contributions of disruptive behavior disorders and interpersonal callousness / Amy L. BYRD in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-4 (April 2012)  

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