Dépouillements

Response to "Application of the Council for Exceptional Children's Standards for Evidence-Based Practices in Special Education" by Schoen et al. [2019] / B. S. STEVENSON in Autism Research, 12-8 (August 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1152-1153 Titre : Response to "Application of the Council for Exceptional Children's Standards for Evidence-Based Practices in Special Education" by Schoen et al. [2019] Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : B. S. STEVENSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1152-1153 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2165 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Response to "Application of the Council for Exceptional Children's Standards for Evidence-Based Practices in Special Education" by Schoen et al. [2019] [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / B. S. STEVENSON, Auteur . - p.1152-1153. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1152-1153 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2165 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

Ayres Sensory Integration Meets Criteria for an Evidence-Based Practice: A Response to Stevenson [2019] / Sarah A. SCHOEN in Autism Research, 12-8 (August 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1154-1155 Titre : Ayres Sensory Integration Meets Criteria for an Evidence-Based Practice: A Response to Stevenson [2019] Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah A. SCHOEN, Auteur ; S. J. LANE, Auteur ; Roseann C. SCHAAF, Auteur ; Z. MAILLOUX, Auteur ; L. D. PARHAM, Auteur ; S. S. ROLEY, Auteur ; Teresa A. MAY-BENSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1154-1155 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2164 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Ayres Sensory Integration Meets Criteria for an Evidence-Based Practice: A Response to Stevenson [2019] [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah A. SCHOEN, Auteur ; S. J. LANE, Auteur ; Roseann C. SCHAAF, Auteur ; Z. MAILLOUX, Auteur ; L. D. PARHAM, Auteur ; S. S. ROLEY, Auteur ; Teresa A. MAY-BENSON, Auteur . - p.1154-1155. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1154-1155 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2164 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

Blood oxytocin concentration positively predicts contagious yawning behavior in children with autism spectrum disorder / M. G. MARISCAL in Autism Research, 12-8 (August 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1156-1161 Titre : Blood oxytocin concentration positively predicts contagious yawning behavior in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. G. MARISCAL, Auteur ; O. OZTAN, Auteur ; S. M. ROSE, Auteur ; R. A. LIBOVE, Auteur ; L. P. JACKSON, Auteur ; R. D. SUMIYOSHI, Auteur ; T. H. TRUJILLO, Auteur ; D. S. CARSON, Auteur ; J. M. PHILLIPS, Auteur ; J. P. GARNER, Auteur ; A. Y. HARDAN, Auteur ; Karen J. PARKER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1156-1161 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  contagion  empathy  oxytocin  social functioning  yawning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research suggests that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may have reduced empathy, as measured by an impaired contagious yawn response, compared to typically developing (TD) children. Other research has failed to replicate this finding, instead attributing this phenomenon to group differences in attention paid to yawn stimuli. A third possibility is that only a subgroup of children with ASD exhibits the impaired contagious yawn response, and that it can be identified biologically. Here we quantified blood concentrations of the "social" neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) and evaluated yawning behavior and attention rates during a laboratory task in children with ASD (N = 34) and TD children (N = 30) aged 6-12 years. No group difference in contagious yawning behavior was found. However, a blood OXT concentration x group (ASD vs. TD) interaction positively predicted contagious yawning behavior (F1,50 = 7.4987; P = 0.0085). Specifically, blood OXT concentration was positively related to contagious yawning behavior in children with ASD, but not in TD children. This finding was not due to delayed perception of yawn stimuli and was observed whether attention paid to test stimuli and clinical symptom severity were included in the analysis or not. These findings suggest that only a biologically defined subset of children with ASD exhibits reduced empathy, as measured by the impaired contagious yawn response, and that prior conflicting reports of this behavioral phenomenon may be attributable, at least in part, to variable mean OXT concentrations across different ASD study cohorts. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1156-1161. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: People with autism may contagiously yawn (i.e., yawn in response to another's yawn) less often than people without autism. We find that people with autism who have lower levels of blood oxytocin (OXT), a hormone involved in social behavior and empathy, show decreased contagious yawning, but those who have higher blood OXT levels do not differ in contagious yawning from controls. This suggests that decreased contagious yawning may only occur in a biologically defined subset of people with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2135 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Blood oxytocin concentration positively predicts contagious yawning behavior in children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. G. MARISCAL, Auteur ; O. OZTAN, Auteur ; S. M. ROSE, Auteur ; R. A. LIBOVE, Auteur ; L. P. JACKSON, Auteur ; R. D. SUMIYOSHI, Auteur ; T. H. TRUJILLO, Auteur ; D. S. CARSON, Auteur ; J. M. PHILLIPS, Auteur ; J. P. GARNER, Auteur ; A. Y. HARDAN, Auteur ; Karen J. PARKER, Auteur . - p.1156-1161. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1156-1161 Mots-clés : autism  contagion  empathy  oxytocin  social functioning  yawning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research suggests that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may have reduced empathy, as measured by an impaired contagious yawn response, compared to typically developing (TD) children. Other research has failed to replicate this finding, instead attributing this phenomenon to group differences in attention paid to yawn stimuli. A third possibility is that only a subgroup of children with ASD exhibits the impaired contagious yawn response, and that it can be identified biologically. Here we quantified blood concentrations of the "social" neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) and evaluated yawning behavior and attention rates during a laboratory task in children with ASD (N = 34) and TD children (N = 30) aged 6-12 years. No group difference in contagious yawning behavior was found. However, a blood OXT concentration x group (ASD vs. TD) interaction positively predicted contagious yawning behavior (F1,50 = 7.4987; P = 0.0085). Specifically, blood OXT concentration was positively related to contagious yawning behavior in children with ASD, but not in TD children. This finding was not due to delayed perception of yawn stimuli and was observed whether attention paid to test stimuli and clinical symptom severity were included in the analysis or not. These findings suggest that only a biologically defined subset of children with ASD exhibits reduced empathy, as measured by the impaired contagious yawn response, and that prior conflicting reports of this behavioral phenomenon may be attributable, at least in part, to variable mean OXT concentrations across different ASD study cohorts. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1156-1161. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: People with autism may contagiously yawn (i.e., yawn in response to another's yawn) less often than people without autism. We find that people with autism who have lower levels of blood oxytocin (OXT), a hormone involved in social behavior and empathy, show decreased contagious yawning, but those who have higher blood OXT levels do not differ in contagious yawning from controls. This suggests that decreased contagious yawning may only occur in a biologically defined subset of people with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2135 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

Needs assessment in genetic testing education: A survey of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder in the united states / S. ZHAO in Autism Research, 12-8 (August 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1162-1170 Titre : Needs assessment in genetic testing education: A survey of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder in the united states Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. ZHAO, Auteur ; W. J. CHEN, Auteur ; S. U. DHAR, Auteur ; T. N. EBLE, Auteur ; O. M. KWOK, Auteur ; L. S. CHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1162-1170 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  genetic testing  health education  needs assessment  parents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Understanding parents' educational needs concerning genetic testing for their children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is important in developing tailored, evidence-based health education materials for clinical use. Since research is lacking in this area, to bridge the gap, we examined genetic testing education needs using a nationwide sample of parents of biological children with ASD in the United States. Prospective participants were recruited from the interactive autism network, and 552 parents of biological children with ASD completed the online survey. Most participants (73.7%) were interested in receiving health education about genetic testing. Yet, the majority of them (64.7%) reported that they did not receive the information needed from physicians. Parents who identified as racial/ethnic minorities (P = 0.029), who had an education degree below college (P = 0.002), or displayed low/no awareness of genetic testing (P = 0.003) were more interested in receiving health education regarding genetic testing. Parents' most desired topics for health education include the accuracy of genetic testing (88.4%), cost (85.9%), relevant benefits of such testing (83.8%), testing procedure (77.8%), eligibility to undergo genetic testing for their children with ASD (62.4%), potential harms caused by genetic testing (56.1%), previous use and experience among individuals affected by ASD (50.8%), and confidentiality issues (48.0%). Furthermore, web-based education was the preferable approach (85.4%). Our findings can help develop health education programs and/or materials regarding genetic testing for parents and physicians to facilitate better physician-parent communication and assist parents in making informed medical decisions regarding genetic testing. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1162-1170. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study examined educational needs on genetic testing among 552 American parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Results showed that most parents expressed interests in receiving health education regarding genetic testing (73.7%) and favored online education resources (85.4%). Preferred topics included accuracy, cost, and testing benefits. Our findings can help develop genetic testing related health education programs and materials for parents of children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2152 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Needs assessment in genetic testing education: A survey of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder in the united states [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. ZHAO, Auteur ; W. J. CHEN, Auteur ; S. U. DHAR, Auteur ; T. N. EBLE, Auteur ; O. M. KWOK, Auteur ; L. S. CHEN, Auteur . - p.1162-1170. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1162-1170 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  genetic testing  health education  needs assessment  parents Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Understanding parents' educational needs concerning genetic testing for their children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is important in developing tailored, evidence-based health education materials for clinical use. Since research is lacking in this area, to bridge the gap, we examined genetic testing education needs using a nationwide sample of parents of biological children with ASD in the United States. Prospective participants were recruited from the interactive autism network, and 552 parents of biological children with ASD completed the online survey. Most participants (73.7%) were interested in receiving health education about genetic testing. Yet, the majority of them (64.7%) reported that they did not receive the information needed from physicians. Parents who identified as racial/ethnic minorities (P = 0.029), who had an education degree below college (P = 0.002), or displayed low/no awareness of genetic testing (P = 0.003) were more interested in receiving health education regarding genetic testing. Parents' most desired topics for health education include the accuracy of genetic testing (88.4%), cost (85.9%), relevant benefits of such testing (83.8%), testing procedure (77.8%), eligibility to undergo genetic testing for their children with ASD (62.4%), potential harms caused by genetic testing (56.1%), previous use and experience among individuals affected by ASD (50.8%), and confidentiality issues (48.0%). Furthermore, web-based education was the preferable approach (85.4%). Our findings can help develop health education programs and/or materials regarding genetic testing for parents and physicians to facilitate better physician-parent communication and assist parents in making informed medical decisions regarding genetic testing. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1162-1170. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study examined educational needs on genetic testing among 552 American parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Results showed that most parents expressed interests in receiving health education regarding genetic testing (73.7%) and favored online education resources (85.4%). Preferred topics included accuracy, cost, and testing benefits. Our findings can help develop genetic testing related health education programs and materials for parents of children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2152 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

Erroneous inference based on a lack of preference within one group: Autism, mice, and the social approach task / K. R. NYGAARD in Autism Research, 12-8 (August 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1171-1183 Titre : Erroneous inference based on a lack of preference within one group: Autism, mice, and the social approach task Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : K. R. NYGAARD, Auteur ; S. E. MALONEY, Auteur ; J. D. DOUGHERTY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1171-1183 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  mice  social behavior  social preference index  statistics  three-chambered social approach task Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Social Approach Task is commonly used to identify sociability deficits when modeling liability factors for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in mice. It was developed to expand upon existing assays to examine distinct aspects of social behavior in rodents and has become a standard component of mouse ASD-relevant phenotyping pipelines. However, there is variability in the statistical analysis and interpretation of results from this task. A common analytical approach is to conduct within-group comparisons only, and then interpret a difference in significance levels as if it were a group difference, without any direct comparison. As an efficient shorthand, we named this approach EWOCs: Erroneous Within-group Only Comparisons. Here, we examined the prevalence of EWOCs and used simulations to test whether this approach could produce misleading inferences. Our review of Social Approach studies of high-confidence ASD genes revealed 45% of papers sampled used only this analytical approach. Through simulations, we then demonstrate how a lack of significant difference within one group often does not correspond to a significant difference between groups, and show this erroneous interpretation increases the rate of false positives up to 25%. Finally, we define a simple solution: use an index, like a social preference score, with direct statistical comparisons between groups to identify significant differences. We also provide power calculations to guide sample size in future studies. Overall, elimination of EWOCs and adoption of direct comparisons should result in more accurate, reliable, and reproducible data interpretations from the Social Approach Task across ASD liability models. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1171-1183. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The Social Approach Task is widely used to assess social behavior in mice and is frequently used in studies modeling autism. However, reviewing published studies showed nearly half do not use correct comparisons to interpret these data. Using simulated and original data, we argue the correct statistical approach is a direct comparison of scores between groups. This simple solution should reduce false positives and improve consistency of results across studies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2154 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Erroneous inference based on a lack of preference within one group: Autism, mice, and the social approach task [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / K. R. NYGAARD, Auteur ; S. E. MALONEY, Auteur ; J. D. DOUGHERTY, Auteur . - p.1171-1183. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1171-1183 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  mice  social behavior  social preference index  statistics  three-chambered social approach task Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Social Approach Task is commonly used to identify sociability deficits when modeling liability factors for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in mice. It was developed to expand upon existing assays to examine distinct aspects of social behavior in rodents and has become a standard component of mouse ASD-relevant phenotyping pipelines. However, there is variability in the statistical analysis and interpretation of results from this task. A common analytical approach is to conduct within-group comparisons only, and then interpret a difference in significance levels as if it were a group difference, without any direct comparison. As an efficient shorthand, we named this approach EWOCs: Erroneous Within-group Only Comparisons. Here, we examined the prevalence of EWOCs and used simulations to test whether this approach could produce misleading inferences. Our review of Social Approach studies of high-confidence ASD genes revealed 45% of papers sampled used only this analytical approach. Through simulations, we then demonstrate how a lack of significant difference within one group often does not correspond to a significant difference between groups, and show this erroneous interpretation increases the rate of false positives up to 25%. Finally, we define a simple solution: use an index, like a social preference score, with direct statistical comparisons between groups to identify significant differences. We also provide power calculations to guide sample size in future studies. Overall, elimination of EWOCs and adoption of direct comparisons should result in more accurate, reliable, and reproducible data interpretations from the Social Approach Task across ASD liability models. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1171-1183. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The Social Approach Task is widely used to assess social behavior in mice and is frequently used in studies modeling autism. However, reviewing published studies showed nearly half do not use correct comparisons to interpret these data. Using simulated and original data, we argue the correct statistical approach is a direct comparison of scores between groups. This simple solution should reduce false positives and improve consistency of results across studies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2154 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

Inbred strain preference in the BTBR T(+) Itpr3(tf) /J mouse model of autism spectrum disorder: Does the stranger mouse matter in social approach? / K. RYAN in Autism Research, 12-8 (August 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1184-1191 Titre : Inbred strain preference in the BTBR T(+) Itpr3(tf) /J mouse model of autism spectrum disorder: Does the stranger mouse matter in social approach? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : K. RYAN, Auteur ; L. THOMPSON, Auteur ; P. A. MENDOZA, Auteur ; Kathryn K. CHADMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1184-1191 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asd  Btbr  C57bl/6j  female  male  mice  social behavior  social preference Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BTBR T(+) Itpr3(tf) /J (BTBR) mice have been used as a model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) due to their low levels of sociability and high levels of repetitive grooming. These experiments explored social behavior in the BTBR and C57BL/6J mice using variations of the three-chambered social approach test. In the first test, the subject mice had a choice between a stranger mouse of the same strain or from a strain with a different level of sociability. The BTBR male mice demonstrated a strong preference for the more social C57BL/6J stranger mouse, as did the C57BL/6J male mice, although more moderately with sniff time only. The C57BL/6J female mice showed a moderate preference, sniff time only, for the BTBR stranger mouse, whereas the BTBR female mice did not show a preference. The second experiment examined whether the subject mouse preferred a stranger mouse or bedding from the stranger mouse home cage. Male BTBR mice always preferred bedding, whereas the C57BL/6J male mice did not show a preference. Both BTBR and C57BL/6J female mice preferred bedding when the stranger mouse was a different strain but not when the stranger mouse was the same strain. Therefore, the stranger mouse strain seems to influence the preference of the female mice more than the male mice. The mice preferred spending time in the chamber with the social smell but not the actual stranger mouse although not always significantly. This suggests that contact with a stranger mouse is more stressful or anxiety provoking than the smell. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1184-1191. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: BTBR T(+) Itpr3(tf) /J (BTBR) mice have been used as a model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) due to their low levels of sociability and high levels of repetitive grooming. These experiments explored social behavior in the BTBR and C57BL/6J mice using variations of the three-chambered social approach test. These experiments examined how the sociability level of the stranger mouse affected the subject mouse's preference and if social odor was preferable to a social situation in the BTBR mice. The BTBR male mice demonstrated a strong preference for the more social C57BL/6J stranger mouse, as did the C57BL/6J male mice. The C57BL/6J female mice showed a moderate preference for the BTBR stranger mouse, whereas the BTBR female mice did not show a preference for either stranger mouse. The second modification let the subject mouse have a choice between a stranger mouse or bedding. Male BTBR mice preferred bedding, regardless of the strain of the stranger mouse, whereas the C57BL/6J male mice did not show a preference. Both BTBR and C57BL/6J female mice preferred bedding when the stranger mouse was a different strain but showed no preference when the stranger mouse was from the same strain. The stranger mouse strain seems to influence the female mice more. Male BTBR mice preferred spending time in the chamber with the social smell but not the actual mouse, suggesting that actual contact with a stranger mouse is more stressful or anxiety provoking. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2158 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Inbred strain preference in the BTBR T(+) Itpr3(tf) /J mouse model of autism spectrum disorder: Does the stranger mouse matter in social approach? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / K. RYAN, Auteur ; L. THOMPSON, Auteur ; P. A. MENDOZA, Auteur ; Kathryn K. CHADMAN, Auteur . - p.1184-1191. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1184-1191 Mots-clés : Asd  Btbr  C57bl/6j  female  male  mice  social behavior  social preference Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BTBR T(+) Itpr3(tf) /J (BTBR) mice have been used as a model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) due to their low levels of sociability and high levels of repetitive grooming. These experiments explored social behavior in the BTBR and C57BL/6J mice using variations of the three-chambered social approach test. In the first test, the subject mice had a choice between a stranger mouse of the same strain or from a strain with a different level of sociability. The BTBR male mice demonstrated a strong preference for the more social C57BL/6J stranger mouse, as did the C57BL/6J male mice, although more moderately with sniff time only. The C57BL/6J female mice showed a moderate preference, sniff time only, for the BTBR stranger mouse, whereas the BTBR female mice did not show a preference. The second experiment examined whether the subject mouse preferred a stranger mouse or bedding from the stranger mouse home cage. Male BTBR mice always preferred bedding, whereas the C57BL/6J male mice did not show a preference. Both BTBR and C57BL/6J female mice preferred bedding when the stranger mouse was a different strain but not when the stranger mouse was the same strain. Therefore, the stranger mouse strain seems to influence the preference of the female mice more than the male mice. The mice preferred spending time in the chamber with the social smell but not the actual stranger mouse although not always significantly. This suggests that contact with a stranger mouse is more stressful or anxiety provoking than the smell. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1184-1191. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: BTBR T(+) Itpr3(tf) /J (BTBR) mice have been used as a model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) due to their low levels of sociability and high levels of repetitive grooming. These experiments explored social behavior in the BTBR and C57BL/6J mice using variations of the three-chambered social approach test. These experiments examined how the sociability level of the stranger mouse affected the subject mouse's preference and if social odor was preferable to a social situation in the BTBR mice. The BTBR male mice demonstrated a strong preference for the more social C57BL/6J stranger mouse, as did the C57BL/6J male mice. The C57BL/6J female mice showed a moderate preference for the BTBR stranger mouse, whereas the BTBR female mice did not show a preference for either stranger mouse. The second modification let the subject mouse have a choice between a stranger mouse or bedding. Male BTBR mice preferred bedding, regardless of the strain of the stranger mouse, whereas the C57BL/6J male mice did not show a preference. Both BTBR and C57BL/6J female mice preferred bedding when the stranger mouse was a different strain but showed no preference when the stranger mouse was from the same strain. The stranger mouse strain seems to influence the female mice more. Male BTBR mice preferred spending time in the chamber with the social smell but not the actual mouse, suggesting that actual contact with a stranger mouse is more stressful or anxiety provoking. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2158 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

Mechanisms of voice control related to prosody in autism spectrum disorder and first-degree relatives / S. P. PATEL in Autism Research, 12-8 (August 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1192-1210 Titre : Mechanisms of voice control related to prosody in autism spectrum disorder and first-degree relatives Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. P. PATEL, Auteur ; J. H. KIM, Auteur ; C. R. LARSON, Auteur ; M. LOSH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1192-1210 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : audio-vocal integration  autism spectrum disorder  broad autism phenotype  language  pragmatics  prosody Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Differences in prosody (e.g., intonation, rhythm) are among the most obvious language-related impairments in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and significantly impact communication. Subtle prosodic differences have also been identified in a subset of clinically unaffected first-degree relatives of individuals with ASD, and may reflect genetic liability to ASD. This study investigated the neural basis of prosodic differences in ASD and first-degree relatives through analysis of feedforward and feedback control involved in the planning, production, self-monitoring, and self-correction of speech by using a pitch-perturbed auditory feedback paradigm during sustained vowel and speech production. Results revealed larger vocal response magnitudes to pitch-perturbed auditory feedback across tasks in ASD and ASD parent groups, with differences in sustained vowel production driven by parents who displayed subclinical personality and language features associated with ASD (i.e., broad autism phenotype). Both ASD and ASD parent groups exhibited increased response onset latencies during sustained vowel production, while the ASD parent group exhibited decreased response onset latencies during speech production. Vocal response magnitudes across tasks were associated with prosodic atypicalities in both individuals with ASD and their parents. Exploratory event-related potential (ERP) analyses in a subgroup of participants during the sustained vowel task revealed reduced P1 ERP amplitudes in the ASD group, with similar trends observed in parents. Overall, results suggest underdeveloped feedforward systems and neural attenuation in detecting audio-vocal feedback may contribute to ASD-related prosodic atypicalities. Importantly, results implicate atypical audio-vocal integration as a marker of genetic risk to ASD, evident in ASD and among clinically unaffected relatives. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1192-1210. (c) 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Previous research has identified atypicalities in prosody (e.g., intonation) in individuals with ASD and a subset of their first-degree relatives. In order to better understand the mechanisms underlying prosodic differences in ASD, this study examined how individuals with ASD and their parents responded to unexpected differences in what they heard themselves say to modify control of their voice (i.e., audio-vocal integration). Results suggest that disruptions to audio-vocal integration in individuals with ASD contribute to ASD-related prosodic atypicalities, and the more subtle differences observed in parents could reflect underlying genetic liability to ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2156 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Mechanisms of voice control related to prosody in autism spectrum disorder and first-degree relatives [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. P. PATEL, Auteur ; J. H. KIM, Auteur ; C. R. LARSON, Auteur ; M. LOSH, Auteur . - p.1192-1210. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1192-1210 Mots-clés : audio-vocal integration  autism spectrum disorder  broad autism phenotype  language  pragmatics  prosody Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Differences in prosody (e.g., intonation, rhythm) are among the most obvious language-related impairments in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and significantly impact communication. Subtle prosodic differences have also been identified in a subset of clinically unaffected first-degree relatives of individuals with ASD, and may reflect genetic liability to ASD. This study investigated the neural basis of prosodic differences in ASD and first-degree relatives through analysis of feedforward and feedback control involved in the planning, production, self-monitoring, and self-correction of speech by using a pitch-perturbed auditory feedback paradigm during sustained vowel and speech production. Results revealed larger vocal response magnitudes to pitch-perturbed auditory feedback across tasks in ASD and ASD parent groups, with differences in sustained vowel production driven by parents who displayed subclinical personality and language features associated with ASD (i.e., broad autism phenotype). Both ASD and ASD parent groups exhibited increased response onset latencies during sustained vowel production, while the ASD parent group exhibited decreased response onset latencies during speech production. Vocal response magnitudes across tasks were associated with prosodic atypicalities in both individuals with ASD and their parents. Exploratory event-related potential (ERP) analyses in a subgroup of participants during the sustained vowel task revealed reduced P1 ERP amplitudes in the ASD group, with similar trends observed in parents. Overall, results suggest underdeveloped feedforward systems and neural attenuation in detecting audio-vocal feedback may contribute to ASD-related prosodic atypicalities. Importantly, results implicate atypical audio-vocal integration as a marker of genetic risk to ASD, evident in ASD and among clinically unaffected relatives. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1192-1210. (c) 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Previous research has identified atypicalities in prosody (e.g., intonation) in individuals with ASD and a subset of their first-degree relatives. In order to better understand the mechanisms underlying prosodic differences in ASD, this study examined how individuals with ASD and their parents responded to unexpected differences in what they heard themselves say to modify control of their voice (i.e., audio-vocal integration). Results suggest that disruptions to audio-vocal integration in individuals with ASD contribute to ASD-related prosodic atypicalities, and the more subtle differences observed in parents could reflect underlying genetic liability to ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2156 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

Reduced frontal gamma power at 24 months is associated with better expressive language in toddlers at risk for autism / C. L. WILKINSON in Autism Research, 12-8 (August 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1211-1224 Titre : Reduced frontal gamma power at 24 months is associated with better expressive language in toddlers at risk for autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. L. WILKINSON, Auteur ; A. R. LEVIN, Auteur ; L. J. GABARD-DURNAM, Auteur ; Helen TAGER-FLUSBERG, Auteur ; C. A. NELSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1211-1224 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : children  cognitive neuroscience  electroencephalography (EEG)  infants  language Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Frontal gamma power has been associated with early language development in typically developing toddlers, and gamma band abnormalities have been observed in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as well as high-risk infant siblings (those having an older sibling with ASD), as early as 6 months of age. The current study investigated differences in baseline frontal gamma power and its association with language development in toddlers at high versus low familial risk for autism. Electroencephalography recordings as well as cognitive and behavioral assessments were acquired at 24 months as part of prospective, longitudinal study of infant siblings of children with and without autism. Diagnosis of autism was determined at 24-36 months, and data were analyzed across three outcome groups-low-risk without ASD (n = 43), high-risk without ASD (n = 42), and high-risk with ASD (n = 16). High-risk toddlers without ASD had reduced baseline frontal gamma power (30-50 Hz) compared to low-risk toddlers. Among high-risk toddlers increased frontal gamma was only marginally associated with ASD diagnosis (P = 0.06), but significantly associated with reduced expressive language ability (P = 0.007). No association between gamma power and language was present in the low-risk group. These findings suggest that differences in gamma oscillations in high-risk toddlers may represent compensatory mechanisms associated with improved developmental outcomes. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1211-1224. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study looked at differences in neural activity in the gamma range and its association with language in toddlers with and without increased risk for ASD. At 2 years of age, gamma power was lower in high-risk toddlers without ASD compared to a low-risk comparison group. Among high-risk toddlers both with and without later ASD, reduced gamma power was also associated with better language outcomes, suggesting that gamma power may be a marker of language development in high-risk children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2131 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Reduced frontal gamma power at 24 months is associated with better expressive language in toddlers at risk for autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. L. WILKINSON, Auteur ; A. R. LEVIN, Auteur ; L. J. GABARD-DURNAM, Auteur ; Helen TAGER-FLUSBERG, Auteur ; C. A. NELSON, Auteur . - p.1211-1224. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1211-1224 Mots-clés : children  cognitive neuroscience  electroencephalography (EEG)  infants  language Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Frontal gamma power has been associated with early language development in typically developing toddlers, and gamma band abnormalities have been observed in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as well as high-risk infant siblings (those having an older sibling with ASD), as early as 6 months of age. The current study investigated differences in baseline frontal gamma power and its association with language development in toddlers at high versus low familial risk for autism. Electroencephalography recordings as well as cognitive and behavioral assessments were acquired at 24 months as part of prospective, longitudinal study of infant siblings of children with and without autism. Diagnosis of autism was determined at 24-36 months, and data were analyzed across three outcome groups-low-risk without ASD (n = 43), high-risk without ASD (n = 42), and high-risk with ASD (n = 16). High-risk toddlers without ASD had reduced baseline frontal gamma power (30-50 Hz) compared to low-risk toddlers. Among high-risk toddlers increased frontal gamma was only marginally associated with ASD diagnosis (P = 0.06), but significantly associated with reduced expressive language ability (P = 0.007). No association between gamma power and language was present in the low-risk group. These findings suggest that differences in gamma oscillations in high-risk toddlers may represent compensatory mechanisms associated with improved developmental outcomes. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1211-1224. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study looked at differences in neural activity in the gamma range and its association with language in toddlers with and without increased risk for ASD. At 2 years of age, gamma power was lower in high-risk toddlers without ASD compared to a low-risk comparison group. Among high-risk toddlers both with and without later ASD, reduced gamma power was also associated with better language outcomes, suggesting that gamma power may be a marker of language development in high-risk children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2131 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

Abnormal auditory mismatch fields are associated with communication impairment in both verbal and minimally verbal/nonverbal children who have autism spectrum disorder / J. MATSUZAKI in Autism Research, 12-8 (August 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1225-1235 Titre : Abnormal auditory mismatch fields are associated with communication impairment in both verbal and minimally verbal/nonverbal children who have autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. MATSUZAKI, Auteur ; E. S. KUSCHNER, Auteur ; Lisa BLASKEY, Auteur ; Luke BLOY, Auteur ; M. KIM, Auteur ; M. KU, Auteur ; J. C. EDGAR, Auteur ; D. EMBICK, Auteur ; T. P. L. ROBERTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1225-1235 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  language and communication skill  magnetoencephalography  minimally verbal/non-verbal children  vowel mismatch fields Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abnormal auditory discrimination neural processes, indexed by mismatch fields (MMFs) recorded by magnetoencephalography (MEG), have been reported in verbal children with ASD. Association with clinical measures indicates that delayed MMF components are associated with poorer language and communication performance. At present, little is known about neural correlates of language and communication skills in extremely language impaired (minimally-verbal/non-verbal) children who have ASD: ASD-MVNV. It is hypothesized that MMF delays observed in language-impaired but nonetheless verbal children with ASD will be exacerbated in ASD-MVNV. The present study investigated this hypothesis, examining MMF responses bilaterally during an auditory oddball paradigm with vowel stimuli in ASD-MVNV, in a verbal ASD cohort without cognitive impairment and in typically developing (TD) children. The verbal ASD cohort without cognitive impairment was split into those demonstrating considerable language impairment (CELF core language index <85; "ASD-LI") versus those with less or no language impairment (CELF CLI >85; "ASD-V"). Eighty-four participants (8-12 years) were included in final analysis: ASD-MVNV: n = 9, 9.67 +/- 1.41 years, ASD: n = 48, (ASD-V: n = 27, 10.55 +/- 1.21 years, ASD-LI: n = 21, 10.67 +/- 1.20 years) and TD: n = 27, 10.14 +/- 1.38 years. Delayed MMF latencies were found bilaterally in ASD-MVNV compared to verbal ASD (both ASD-V and ASD-LI) and TD children. Delayed MMF responses were associated with diminished language and communication skills. Furthermore, whereas the TD children showed leftward lateralization of MMF amplitude, ASD-MVNV and verbal ASD (ASD-V and ASD-LI) showed abnormal rightward lateralization. Findings suggest delayed auditory discrimination processes and abnormal rightward laterality as objective markers of language/communication skills in both verbal and MVNV children who have ASD. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1225-1235. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Brain imaging showed abnormal auditory discrimination processes in minimally-verbal/non-verbal children (MVNV) who have autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Delays in auditory discrimination were associated with impaired language and communication skills. Findings suggest these auditory neural measures may be objective markers of language and communication skills in both verbal and, previously-understudied, MVNV children who have ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2136 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Abnormal auditory mismatch fields are associated with communication impairment in both verbal and minimally verbal/nonverbal children who have autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. MATSUZAKI, Auteur ; E. S. KUSCHNER, Auteur ; Lisa BLASKEY, Auteur ; Luke BLOY, Auteur ; M. KIM, Auteur ; M. KU, Auteur ; J. C. EDGAR, Auteur ; D. EMBICK, Auteur ; T. P. L. ROBERTS, Auteur . - p.1225-1235. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1225-1235 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  language and communication skill  magnetoencephalography  minimally verbal/non-verbal children  vowel mismatch fields Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abnormal auditory discrimination neural processes, indexed by mismatch fields (MMFs) recorded by magnetoencephalography (MEG), have been reported in verbal children with ASD. Association with clinical measures indicates that delayed MMF components are associated with poorer language and communication performance. At present, little is known about neural correlates of language and communication skills in extremely language impaired (minimally-verbal/non-verbal) children who have ASD: ASD-MVNV. It is hypothesized that MMF delays observed in language-impaired but nonetheless verbal children with ASD will be exacerbated in ASD-MVNV. The present study investigated this hypothesis, examining MMF responses bilaterally during an auditory oddball paradigm with vowel stimuli in ASD-MVNV, in a verbal ASD cohort without cognitive impairment and in typically developing (TD) children. The verbal ASD cohort without cognitive impairment was split into those demonstrating considerable language impairment (CELF core language index <85; "ASD-LI") versus those with less or no language impairment (CELF CLI >85; "ASD-V"). Eighty-four participants (8-12 years) were included in final analysis: ASD-MVNV: n = 9, 9.67 +/- 1.41 years, ASD: n = 48, (ASD-V: n = 27, 10.55 +/- 1.21 years, ASD-LI: n = 21, 10.67 +/- 1.20 years) and TD: n = 27, 10.14 +/- 1.38 years. Delayed MMF latencies were found bilaterally in ASD-MVNV compared to verbal ASD (both ASD-V and ASD-LI) and TD children. Delayed MMF responses were associated with diminished language and communication skills. Furthermore, whereas the TD children showed leftward lateralization of MMF amplitude, ASD-MVNV and verbal ASD (ASD-V and ASD-LI) showed abnormal rightward lateralization. Findings suggest delayed auditory discrimination processes and abnormal rightward laterality as objective markers of language/communication skills in both verbal and MVNV children who have ASD. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1225-1235. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Brain imaging showed abnormal auditory discrimination processes in minimally-verbal/non-verbal children (MVNV) who have autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Delays in auditory discrimination were associated with impaired language and communication skills. Findings suggest these auditory neural measures may be objective markers of language and communication skills in both verbal and, previously-understudied, MVNV children who have ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2136 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

Differential Altered Auditory Event-Related Potential Responses in Young Boys on the Autism Spectrum With and Without Disproportionate Megalencephaly / R. DE MEO-MONTEIL in Autism Research, 12-8 (August 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1236-1250 Titre : Differential Altered Auditory Event-Related Potential Responses in Young Boys on the Autism Spectrum With and Without Disproportionate Megalencephaly Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. DE MEO-MONTEIL, Auteur ; Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur ; David G. AMARAL, Auteur ; Sally J ROGERS, Auteur ; S. K. HAROOTONIAN, Auteur ; J. MARTIN, Auteur ; S. M. RIVERA, Auteur ; C. D. SARON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1236-1250 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Eeg  auditory processing  autism spectrum disorder  disproportionate megalencephaly  toddlers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), characterized by impairments in social communication and repetitive behaviors, often includes altered responses to sensory inputs as part of its phenotype. The neurobiological basis for altered sensory processing is not well understood. The UC Davis Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Institute Autism Phenome Project is a longitudinal, multidisciplinary study of young children with ASD and age-matched typically developing (TD) controls. Previous analyses of the magnetic resonance imaging data from this cohort have shown that approximately 15% of boys with ASD have disproportionate megalencephaly (DM) or brain size to height ratio, that is 1.5 standard deviations above the TD mean. Here, we investigated electrophysiological responses to auditory stimuli of increasing intensity (50-80 dB) in young toddlers (27-48 months old). Analyses included data from 36 age-matched boys, of which 24 were diagnosed with ASD (12 with and 12 without DM; ASD-DM and ASD-N) and 12 TD controls. We found that the two ASD subgroups differed in their electrophysiological response patterns to sounds of increasing intensity. At early latencies (55-115 ms), ASD-N does not show a loudness-dependent response like TD and ASD-DM, but tends to group intensities by soft vs. loud sounds, suggesting differences in sensory sensitivity in this group. At later latencies (145-195 ms), only the ASD-DM group shows significantly higher amplitudes for loud sounds. Because no similar effects were found in ASD-N and TD groups, this may be related to their altered neuroanatomy. These results contribute to the effort to delineate ASD subgroups and further characterize physiological responses associated with observable phenotypes. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1236-1250. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Approximately 15% of boys with ASD have much bigger brains when compared to individuals with typical development. By recording brain waves (electroencephalography) we compared how autistic children, with or without big brains, react to sounds compared to typically developing controls. We found that brain responses in the big-brained group are different from the two other groups, suggesting that they represent a specific autism subgroup. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2137 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Differential Altered Auditory Event-Related Potential Responses in Young Boys on the Autism Spectrum With and Without Disproportionate Megalencephaly [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. DE MEO-MONTEIL, Auteur ; Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur ; David G. AMARAL, Auteur ; Sally J ROGERS, Auteur ; S. K. HAROOTONIAN, Auteur ; J. MARTIN, Auteur ; S. M. RIVERA, Auteur ; C. D. SARON, Auteur . - p.1236-1250. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1236-1250 Mots-clés : Eeg  auditory processing  autism spectrum disorder  disproportionate megalencephaly  toddlers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), characterized by impairments in social communication and repetitive behaviors, often includes altered responses to sensory inputs as part of its phenotype. The neurobiological basis for altered sensory processing is not well understood. The UC Davis Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Institute Autism Phenome Project is a longitudinal, multidisciplinary study of young children with ASD and age-matched typically developing (TD) controls. Previous analyses of the magnetic resonance imaging data from this cohort have shown that approximately 15% of boys with ASD have disproportionate megalencephaly (DM) or brain size to height ratio, that is 1.5 standard deviations above the TD mean. Here, we investigated electrophysiological responses to auditory stimuli of increasing intensity (50-80 dB) in young toddlers (27-48 months old). Analyses included data from 36 age-matched boys, of which 24 were diagnosed with ASD (12 with and 12 without DM; ASD-DM and ASD-N) and 12 TD controls. We found that the two ASD subgroups differed in their electrophysiological response patterns to sounds of increasing intensity. At early latencies (55-115 ms), ASD-N does not show a loudness-dependent response like TD and ASD-DM, but tends to group intensities by soft vs. loud sounds, suggesting differences in sensory sensitivity in this group. At later latencies (145-195 ms), only the ASD-DM group shows significantly higher amplitudes for loud sounds. Because no similar effects were found in ASD-N and TD groups, this may be related to their altered neuroanatomy. These results contribute to the effort to delineate ASD subgroups and further characterize physiological responses associated with observable phenotypes. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1236-1250. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Approximately 15% of boys with ASD have much bigger brains when compared to individuals with typical development. By recording brain waves (electroencephalography) we compared how autistic children, with or without big brains, react to sounds compared to typically developing controls. We found that brain responses in the big-brained group are different from the two other groups, suggesting that they represent a specific autism subgroup. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2137 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

Epilepsy and Autism Severity: A Study of 6,975 Children / J. B. EWEN in Autism Research, 12-8 (August 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1251-1259 Titre : Epilepsy and Autism Severity: A Study of 6,975 Children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. B. EWEN, Auteur ; A. R. MARVIN, Auteur ; K. LAW, Auteur ; P. H. LIPKIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1251-1259 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : effect size  epilepsy  regression  risk factor  severity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Epilepsy is known to occur in a higher-than-expected proportion of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Prior studies of this heterogeneous disorder have suggested that intelligence quotient (IQ) may drive this relationship. Because intellectual disability (ID) is, independently of ASD, a risk factor for epilepsy, current literature calls into question the long-understood unique relationship between ASD and epilepsy. Second, data have been unclear about whether developmental regression in ASD is associated with epilepsy. Using two cohorts from an online research registry, totaling 6,975 children with ASD, we examined the independent role of four ASD severity measures in driving the relationship with epilepsy: ID, language impairment, core ASD symptom severity, and motor dysfunction, controlling for two known relevant factors: age and sex. We also examined whether developmental regression and epilepsy have an independent statistical link. All four ASD severity factors showed independent statistical associations with epilepsy in one cohort, and three in the other. ID showed the largest relative risk (RR) in both cohorts. Effect sizes were modest. Regression similarly showed an independent statistical association with epilepsy, but with small effect size. Similar to previous work, ID showed the greatest contribution to RR for epilepsy among children with ASD. However, other ASD severity markers showed statistical associations, demonstrating that the ASD-epilepsy association is not reducible to the effect of ID. Inconsistencies in the literature may be due to underpowered studies, yet moving forward with larger-n studies, clinical significance and scientific relevance may be dictated by effect size and not merely statistical significance. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1251-1259. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Epilepsy is known to occur more often in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) than is the case in the general population. The association between ASD and epilepsy is of interest because studying the two disorders in combination may help advance our understanding of genetic, molecular, and cellular mechanisms-as well as therapies-for both. Recent studies have suggested that intelligence quotient (IQ) alone in individuals with ASD may account for the increased prevalence of epilepsy. However, our approach was to look at a range of severity factors relevant to ASD and to look for correlations between each severity factor and epilepsy, within two large samples of children with ASD. In summary, we found that each severity factor-presence of intellectual disability, presence of language atypicalities, ASD-specific symptoms severity, and presence of motor issues-independently predicted a small increased risk for epilepsy, countering the argument that IQ alone is a risk factor. We also examined whether epilepsy is associated with developmental regression. Although severe epilepsy syndromes such as Landau-Kleffner syndrome are known to cause autistic-like symptoms following developmental regression, there is controversy about whether other forms of epilepsy are associated with the more common developmental regression seen in many young children with epilepsy. Indeed, we found a small association between epilepsy and developmental regression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2132 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Epilepsy and Autism Severity: A Study of 6,975 Children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. B. EWEN, Auteur ; A. R. MARVIN, Auteur ; K. LAW, Auteur ; P. H. LIPKIN, Auteur . - p.1251-1259. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1251-1259 Mots-clés : effect size  epilepsy  regression  risk factor  severity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Epilepsy is known to occur in a higher-than-expected proportion of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Prior studies of this heterogeneous disorder have suggested that intelligence quotient (IQ) may drive this relationship. Because intellectual disability (ID) is, independently of ASD, a risk factor for epilepsy, current literature calls into question the long-understood unique relationship between ASD and epilepsy. Second, data have been unclear about whether developmental regression in ASD is associated with epilepsy. Using two cohorts from an online research registry, totaling 6,975 children with ASD, we examined the independent role of four ASD severity measures in driving the relationship with epilepsy: ID, language impairment, core ASD symptom severity, and motor dysfunction, controlling for two known relevant factors: age and sex. We also examined whether developmental regression and epilepsy have an independent statistical link. All four ASD severity factors showed independent statistical associations with epilepsy in one cohort, and three in the other. ID showed the largest relative risk (RR) in both cohorts. Effect sizes were modest. Regression similarly showed an independent statistical association with epilepsy, but with small effect size. Similar to previous work, ID showed the greatest contribution to RR for epilepsy among children with ASD. However, other ASD severity markers showed statistical associations, demonstrating that the ASD-epilepsy association is not reducible to the effect of ID. Inconsistencies in the literature may be due to underpowered studies, yet moving forward with larger-n studies, clinical significance and scientific relevance may be dictated by effect size and not merely statistical significance. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1251-1259. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Epilepsy is known to occur more often in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) than is the case in the general population. The association between ASD and epilepsy is of interest because studying the two disorders in combination may help advance our understanding of genetic, molecular, and cellular mechanisms-as well as therapies-for both. Recent studies have suggested that intelligence quotient (IQ) alone in individuals with ASD may account for the increased prevalence of epilepsy. However, our approach was to look at a range of severity factors relevant to ASD and to look for correlations between each severity factor and epilepsy, within two large samples of children with ASD. In summary, we found that each severity factor-presence of intellectual disability, presence of language atypicalities, ASD-specific symptoms severity, and presence of motor issues-independently predicted a small increased risk for epilepsy, countering the argument that IQ alone is a risk factor. We also examined whether epilepsy is associated with developmental regression. Although severe epilepsy syndromes such as Landau-Kleffner syndrome are known to cause autistic-like symptoms following developmental regression, there is controversy about whether other forms of epilepsy are associated with the more common developmental regression seen in many young children with epilepsy. Indeed, we found a small association between epilepsy and developmental regression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2132 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

Web-based Assessment of Social-Emotional Skills in School-Aged Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Nicole M. RUSSO-PONSARAN in Autism Research, 12-8 (August 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1260-1271 Titre : Web-based Assessment of Social-Emotional Skills in School-Aged Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nicole M. RUSSO-PONSARAN, Auteur ; M. D. LERNER, Auteur ; C. MCKOWN, Auteur ; R. J. WEBER, Auteur ; A. KARLS, Auteur ; E. KANG, Auteur ; S. L. SOMMER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1260-1271 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : assessment  autism  emotion recognition  self-control  social problem solving  theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Few tools are available to comprehensively describe the unique social-emotional skill profiles of youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study describes the usability, reliability, and validity of SELweb, a normed, web-based assessment designed to measure four core social-emotional domains, when used to measure these skills in a sample of 57 well-characterized youth with ASD (ages 6-10 years with IQ >/= 80). SELweb measures facial emotion recognition, theory of mind, social problem solving, and self-control. SELweb was well tolerated and yielded scores with reliabilities comparable to those found in normative samples. SELweb scores showed good evidence of convergent and discriminant validity for three of the four skills it was designed to assess. Mean deficits were found for theory of mind, social problem solving, and self-control, whereas no mean deficits were found for emotion recognition. Individual profiles varied considerably, suggesting the sensitivity of SELweb to the within- and between-person individual differences among youth with ASD. Findings support the usefulness and accessibility of SELweb as a tool for measuring complex social-emotional skill profiles in youth with ASD. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1260-1271. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: No single, simple, high-quality test exists that measures multiple social thinking skills directly in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study suggests that SELweb, a web-based assessment system, is an effective and valid way to measure how children with ASD think about and understand social and emotional information, and is able to capture strengths and weaknesses experienced by children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2123 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Web-based Assessment of Social-Emotional Skills in School-Aged Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nicole M. RUSSO-PONSARAN, Auteur ; M. D. LERNER, Auteur ; C. MCKOWN, Auteur ; R. J. WEBER, Auteur ; A. KARLS, Auteur ; E. KANG, Auteur ; S. L. SOMMER, Auteur . - p.1260-1271. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1260-1271 Mots-clés : assessment  autism  emotion recognition  self-control  social problem solving  theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Few tools are available to comprehensively describe the unique social-emotional skill profiles of youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study describes the usability, reliability, and validity of SELweb, a normed, web-based assessment designed to measure four core social-emotional domains, when used to measure these skills in a sample of 57 well-characterized youth with ASD (ages 6-10 years with IQ >/= 80). SELweb measures facial emotion recognition, theory of mind, social problem solving, and self-control. SELweb was well tolerated and yielded scores with reliabilities comparable to those found in normative samples. SELweb scores showed good evidence of convergent and discriminant validity for three of the four skills it was designed to assess. Mean deficits were found for theory of mind, social problem solving, and self-control, whereas no mean deficits were found for emotion recognition. Individual profiles varied considerably, suggesting the sensitivity of SELweb to the within- and between-person individual differences among youth with ASD. Findings support the usefulness and accessibility of SELweb as a tool for measuring complex social-emotional skill profiles in youth with ASD. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1260-1271. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: No single, simple, high-quality test exists that measures multiple social thinking skills directly in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study suggests that SELweb, a web-based assessment system, is an effective and valid way to measure how children with ASD think about and understand social and emotional information, and is able to capture strengths and weaknesses experienced by children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2123 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

Clustering of co-occurring conditions in autism spectrum disorder during early childhood: A retrospective analysis of medical claims data / T. VARGASON in Autism Research, 12-8 (August 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1272-1285 Titre : Clustering of co-occurring conditions in autism spectrum disorder during early childhood: A retrospective analysis of medical claims data Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : T. VARGASON, Auteur ; R. E. FRYE, Auteur ; D. L. MCGUINNESS, Auteur ; J. HAHN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1272-1285 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : k-means clustering  autism spectrum disorder  co-occurring condition  comorbidity  medical claims  retrospective analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are frequently affected by co-occurring medical conditions (COCs), which vary in severity, age of onset, and pathophysiological characteristics. The presence of COCs contributes to significant heterogeneity in the clinical presentation of ASD between individuals and a better understanding of COCs may offer greater insight into the etiology of ASD in specific subgroups while also providing guidance for diagnostic and treatment protocols. This study retrospectively analyzed medical claims data from a private United States health plan between years 2000 and 2015 to investigate patterns of COC diagnoses in a cohort of 3,278 children with ASD throughout their first 5 years of enrollment compared to 279,693 children from the general population without ASD diagnoses (POP cohort). Three subgroups of children with ASD were identified by k-means clustering using these COC patterns. The first cluster was characterized by generally high rates of COC diagnosis and comprised 23.7% (n = 776) of the cohort. Diagnoses of developmental delays were dominant in the second cluster containing 26.5% (n = 870) of the cohort. Children in the third cluster, making up 49.8% (n = 1,632) of the cohort, had the lowest rates of COC diagnosis, which were slightly higher than rates observed in the POP cohort. A secondary analysis using these data found that gastrointestinal and immune disorders showed similar longitudinal patterns of prevalence, as did seizure and sleep disorders. These findings may help to better inform the development of diagnostic workup and treatment protocols for COCs in children with ASD. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1272-1285. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Medical conditions that co-occur with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) vary significantly from person to person. This study analyzed patterns in diagnosis of co-occurring conditions from medical claims data and observed three subtypes of children with ASD. These results may aid with screening for co-occurring conditions in children with ASD and with understanding ASD subtypes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2128 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Clustering of co-occurring conditions in autism spectrum disorder during early childhood: A retrospective analysis of medical claims data [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / T. VARGASON, Auteur ; R. E. FRYE, Auteur ; D. L. MCGUINNESS, Auteur ; J. HAHN, Auteur . - p.1272-1285. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1272-1285 Mots-clés : k-means clustering  autism spectrum disorder  co-occurring condition  comorbidity  medical claims  retrospective analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are frequently affected by co-occurring medical conditions (COCs), which vary in severity, age of onset, and pathophysiological characteristics. The presence of COCs contributes to significant heterogeneity in the clinical presentation of ASD between individuals and a better understanding of COCs may offer greater insight into the etiology of ASD in specific subgroups while also providing guidance for diagnostic and treatment protocols. This study retrospectively analyzed medical claims data from a private United States health plan between years 2000 and 2015 to investigate patterns of COC diagnoses in a cohort of 3,278 children with ASD throughout their first 5 years of enrollment compared to 279,693 children from the general population without ASD diagnoses (POP cohort). Three subgroups of children with ASD were identified by k-means clustering using these COC patterns. The first cluster was characterized by generally high rates of COC diagnosis and comprised 23.7% (n = 776) of the cohort. Diagnoses of developmental delays were dominant in the second cluster containing 26.5% (n = 870) of the cohort. Children in the third cluster, making up 49.8% (n = 1,632) of the cohort, had the lowest rates of COC diagnosis, which were slightly higher than rates observed in the POP cohort. A secondary analysis using these data found that gastrointestinal and immune disorders showed similar longitudinal patterns of prevalence, as did seizure and sleep disorders. These findings may help to better inform the development of diagnostic workup and treatment protocols for COCs in children with ASD. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1272-1285. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Medical conditions that co-occur with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) vary significantly from person to person. This study analyzed patterns in diagnosis of co-occurring conditions from medical claims data and observed three subtypes of children with ASD. These results may aid with screening for co-occurring conditions in children with ASD and with understanding ASD subtypes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2128 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

Predicting aggression to others in youth with autism using a wearable biosensor / M. S. GOODWIN in Autism Research, 12-8 (August 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1286-1296 Titre : Predicting aggression to others in youth with autism using a wearable biosensor Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. S. GOODWIN, Auteur ; C. A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur ; S. IOANNIDIS, Auteur ; D. ERDOGMUS, Auteur ; M. SIEGEL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1286-1296 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : aggression  autism spectrum disorder  autonomic nervous system  biosensing techniques  inpatients Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Unpredictable and potentially dangerous aggressive behavior by youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can isolate them from foundational educational, social, and familial activities, thereby markedly exacerbating morbidity and costs associated with ASD. This study investigates whether preceding physiological and motion data measured by a wrist-worn biosensor can predict aggression to others by youth with ASD. We recorded peripheral physiological (cardiovascular and electrodermal activity) and motion (accelerometry) signals from a biosensor worn by 20 youth with ASD (ages 6-17 years, 75% male, 85% minimally verbal) during 69 independent naturalistic observation sessions with concurrent behavioral coding in a specialized inpatient psychiatry unit. We developed prediction models based on ridge-regularized logistic regression. Our results suggest that aggression to others can be predicted 1 min before it occurs using 3 min of prior biosensor data with an average area under the curve of 0.71 for a global model and 0.84 for person-dependent models. The biosensor was well tolerated, we obtained useable data in all cases, and no users withdrew from the study. Relatively high predictive accuracy was achieved using antecedent physiological and motion data. Larger trials are needed to further establish an ideal ratio of measurement density to predictive accuracy and reliability. These findings lay the groundwork for the future development of precursor behavior analysis and just-in-time adaptive intervention systems to prevent or mitigate the emergence, occurrence, and impact of aggression in ASD. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1286-1296. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Unpredictable aggression can create a barrier to accessing community, therapeutic, medical, and educational services. The present study evaluated whether data from a wearable biosensor can be used to predict aggression to others by youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Results demonstrate that aggression to others can be predicted 1 min before it occurs with high accuracy, laying the groundwork for the future development of preemptive behavioral interventions and just-in-time adaptive intervention systems to prevent or mitigate the emergence, occurrence, and impact of aggression to others in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2151 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Predicting aggression to others in youth with autism using a wearable biosensor [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. S. GOODWIN, Auteur ; C. A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur ; S. IOANNIDIS, Auteur ; D. ERDOGMUS, Auteur ; M. SIEGEL, Auteur . - p.1286-1296. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1286-1296 Mots-clés : aggression  autism spectrum disorder  autonomic nervous system  biosensing techniques  inpatients Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Unpredictable and potentially dangerous aggressive behavior by youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can isolate them from foundational educational, social, and familial activities, thereby markedly exacerbating morbidity and costs associated with ASD. This study investigates whether preceding physiological and motion data measured by a wrist-worn biosensor can predict aggression to others by youth with ASD. We recorded peripheral physiological (cardiovascular and electrodermal activity) and motion (accelerometry) signals from a biosensor worn by 20 youth with ASD (ages 6-17 years, 75% male, 85% minimally verbal) during 69 independent naturalistic observation sessions with concurrent behavioral coding in a specialized inpatient psychiatry unit. We developed prediction models based on ridge-regularized logistic regression. Our results suggest that aggression to others can be predicted 1 min before it occurs using 3 min of prior biosensor data with an average area under the curve of 0.71 for a global model and 0.84 for person-dependent models. The biosensor was well tolerated, we obtained useable data in all cases, and no users withdrew from the study. Relatively high predictive accuracy was achieved using antecedent physiological and motion data. Larger trials are needed to further establish an ideal ratio of measurement density to predictive accuracy and reliability. These findings lay the groundwork for the future development of precursor behavior analysis and just-in-time adaptive intervention systems to prevent or mitigate the emergence, occurrence, and impact of aggression in ASD. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1286-1296. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Unpredictable aggression can create a barrier to accessing community, therapeutic, medical, and educational services. The present study evaluated whether data from a wearable biosensor can be used to predict aggression to others by youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Results demonstrate that aggression to others can be predicted 1 min before it occurs with high accuracy, laying the groundwork for the future development of preemptive behavioral interventions and just-in-time adaptive intervention systems to prevent or mitigate the emergence, occurrence, and impact of aggression to others in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2151 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

President's Message - August 2019 in Autism Research, 12-8 (August 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1297-1298 Titre : President's Message - August 2019 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.1297-1298 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2192 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] President's Message - August 2019 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.1297-1298. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-8 (August 2019) . - p.1297-1298 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2192 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405