Are Prenatal Ultrasound Scans Associated with the Autism Phenotype? Follow-up of a Randomised Controlled Trial / Yonit K. STOCH in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42-12 (December 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-12 (December 2012) . - p.2693-2701 Titre : Are Prenatal Ultrasound Scans Associated with the Autism Phenotype? Follow-up of a Randomised Controlled Trial Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yonit K. STOCH, Auteur ; Cori J. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Joanna GRANICH, Auteur ; Anna HUNT, Auteur ; Lou I. LANDAU, Auteur ; John P. NEWNHAM, Auteur ; Andrew J.O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2693-2701 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Autism  Prenatal  Ultrasonography  Obstetric  Environment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : An existing randomised controlled trial was used to investigate whether multiple ultrasound scans may be associated with the autism phenotype. From 2,834 single pregnancies, 1,415 were selected at random to receive ultrasound imaging and continuous wave Doppler flow studies at five points throughout pregnancy (Intensive) and 1,419 to receive a single imaging scan at 18 weeks (Regular), with further scans only as indicated on clinical grounds. There was no significant difference in the rate of Autism Spectrum Disorder between the Regular (9/1,125, 0.8 %) and Intensive (7/1,167, 0.6 %) groups, nor a difference between groups in the level of autistic-like traits in early adulthood. There is no clear link between the frequency and timing of prenatal ultrasound scans and the autism phenotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1526-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=184 [article] Are Prenatal Ultrasound Scans Associated with the Autism Phenotype? Follow-up of a Randomised Controlled Trial [texte imprimé] / Yonit K. STOCH, Auteur ; Cori J. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Joanna GRANICH, Auteur ; Anna HUNT, Auteur ; Lou I. LANDAU, Auteur ; John P. NEWNHAM, Auteur ; Andrew J.O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur . - p.2693-2701. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 42-12 (December 2012) . - p.2693-2701 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Autism  Prenatal  Ultrasonography  Obstetric  Environment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : An existing randomised controlled trial was used to investigate whether multiple ultrasound scans may be associated with the autism phenotype. From 2,834 single pregnancies, 1,415 were selected at random to receive ultrasound imaging and continuous wave Doppler flow studies at five points throughout pregnancy (Intensive) and 1,419 to receive a single imaging scan at 18 weeks (Regular), with further scans only as indicated on clinical grounds. There was no significant difference in the rate of Autism Spectrum Disorder between the Regular (9/1,125, 0.8 %) and Intensive (7/1,167, 0.6 %) groups, nor a difference between groups in the level of autistic-like traits in early adulthood. There is no clear link between the frequency and timing of prenatal ultrasound scans and the autism phenotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1526-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=184

Brief social attention bias modification for children with autism spectrum disorder / Gail A. ALVARES in Autism Research, 12-3 (March 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-3 (March 2019) . - p.527-535 Titre : Brief social attention bias modification for children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; Nigel T.M. CHEN, Auteur ; Lies NOTEBAERT, Auteur ; Joanna GRANICH, Auteur ; Ciara MITCHELL, Auteur ; Andrew J.O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.527-535 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : attention  eye movement  gamification  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Reduced social attention is a hallmark feature in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), emerging as early as the first year of life. This difference represents a possible mechanism impacting upon the development of more complex social-communicative behaviors. The aim of this study was to develop and test the efficacy of a novel attention bias modification paradigm to alter social attention, specifically orienting to faces. Children with ASD (n = 66), aged between 5 and 12 years, were randomized to play either a social attention training or control game for 15 min. Children playing the training game were reinforced for attending to and engaging with social characters, whereas children in the control group were equally rewarded for attending to both social and non-social characters. Eye-tracking measures were obtained before and after gameplay. There was a significant increase in the percentage of first fixations to faces, relative to objects, after social attention training compared to a control group, associated with a medium effect size (partial eta = 0.15). The degree of social attention change in the training group was inversely associated with restricted and repetitive behaviors and moderated by comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnoses, suggestive of differential training effects based on individual symptom profiles. By using the principles of attention bias modification, we demonstrated that social attention can be acutely modified in children with ASD, with an increased tendency to orient attention toward faces after brief social attention training. Modifying attentional biases may therefore represent a potential novel mechanism to alter the development of social communication trajectories. Autism Res 2019, 12: 527-535 (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Some children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) do not look at faces or eyes as much as their non-ASD peers do. Using a game where players have to pay attention to characters with faces to score points, we found that children playing the game began to look more at faces, even outside of the game. Looking at faces is an important prerequisite to many social interactions, telling us about others' emotions and states of attention-things that become harder to understand when they are not seen. If children with ASD could use games to help train looking at faces in real life, then they may be in a better position to understand and participate in social exchanges. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2067 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387 [article] Brief social attention bias modification for children with autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; Nigel T.M. CHEN, Auteur ; Lies NOTEBAERT, Auteur ; Joanna GRANICH, Auteur ; Ciara MITCHELL, Auteur ; Andrew J.O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur . - p.527-535. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-3 (March 2019) . - p.527-535 Mots-clés : attention  eye movement  gamification  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Reduced social attention is a hallmark feature in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), emerging as early as the first year of life. This difference represents a possible mechanism impacting upon the development of more complex social-communicative behaviors. The aim of this study was to develop and test the efficacy of a novel attention bias modification paradigm to alter social attention, specifically orienting to faces. Children with ASD (n = 66), aged between 5 and 12 years, were randomized to play either a social attention training or control game for 15 min. Children playing the training game were reinforced for attending to and engaging with social characters, whereas children in the control group were equally rewarded for attending to both social and non-social characters. Eye-tracking measures were obtained before and after gameplay. There was a significant increase in the percentage of first fixations to faces, relative to objects, after social attention training compared to a control group, associated with a medium effect size (partial eta = 0.15). The degree of social attention change in the training group was inversely associated with restricted and repetitive behaviors and moderated by comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnoses, suggestive of differential training effects based on individual symptom profiles. By using the principles of attention bias modification, we demonstrated that social attention can be acutely modified in children with ASD, with an increased tendency to orient attention toward faces after brief social attention training. Modifying attentional biases may therefore represent a potential novel mechanism to alter the development of social communication trajectories. Autism Res 2019, 12: 527-535 (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Some children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) do not look at faces or eyes as much as their non-ASD peers do. Using a game where players have to pay attention to characters with faces to score points, we found that children playing the game began to look more at faces, even outside of the game. Looking at faces is an important prerequisite to many social interactions, telling us about others' emotions and states of attention-things that become harder to understand when they are not seen. If children with ASD could use games to help train looking at faces in real life, then they may be in a better position to understand and participate in social exchanges. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2067 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387

Obesity and associated factors in youth with an autism spectrum disorder / Joanna GRANICH in Autism, 20-8 (November 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 20-8 (November 2016) . - p.916-926 Titre : Obesity and associated factors in youth with an autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Joanna GRANICH, Auteur ; Ashleigh LIN, Auteur ; Anna HUNT, Auteur ; John WRAY, Auteur ; Alena DASS, Auteur ; Andrew J.O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.916-926 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescents  autism  body mass index  children  overweight  parents  youth Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Weight status on children and youth with autism spectrum disorder is limited. We examined the prevalence of overweight/obesity in children and youth with autism spectrum disorder, and associations between weight status and range of factors. Children and youth with autism spectrum disorder aged 2–16 years (n = 208) and their parents participated in this study. Body mass index was calculated using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts and the International Obesity Task Force body mass index cut-offs. The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule was administered. Parents completed questionnaires about socio-demographics, diagnosed comorbidities, sleep disturbances, social functioning and medication of youth with autism spectrum disorder. The prevalence of overweight/obesity in participants with autism spectrum disorder was 35%. One quarter of obese children and youth (25.6%) had obese parents. There was a significant association between children and youth’s body mass index and maternal body mass index (r = 0.25, n = 199, p < 0.001). The gender and age, parental education, family income, ethnicity, autism spectrum disorder severity, social functioning, psychotropic and complementary medication use of children and youth with autism spectrum disorder were not statistically associated with their weight status. Findings suggest the need for clinical settings to monitor weight status of children and youth with autism spectrum disorder in a bid to manage or prevent overweight/obesity in this population. Incorporating a family system approach to influence health behaviours among children and youth with autism spectrum disorder especially for specific weight interventions is warranted and should be further explored. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315616345 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=294 [article] Obesity and associated factors in youth with an autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Joanna GRANICH, Auteur ; Ashleigh LIN, Auteur ; Anna HUNT, Auteur ; John WRAY, Auteur ; Alena DASS, Auteur ; Andrew J.O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur . - p.916-926. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 20-8 (November 2016) . - p.916-926 Mots-clés : adolescents  autism  body mass index  children  overweight  parents  youth Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Weight status on children and youth with autism spectrum disorder is limited. We examined the prevalence of overweight/obesity in children and youth with autism spectrum disorder, and associations between weight status and range of factors. Children and youth with autism spectrum disorder aged 2–16 years (n = 208) and their parents participated in this study. Body mass index was calculated using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts and the International Obesity Task Force body mass index cut-offs. The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule was administered. Parents completed questionnaires about socio-demographics, diagnosed comorbidities, sleep disturbances, social functioning and medication of youth with autism spectrum disorder. The prevalence of overweight/obesity in participants with autism spectrum disorder was 35%. One quarter of obese children and youth (25.6%) had obese parents. There was a significant association between children and youth’s body mass index and maternal body mass index (r = 0.25, n = 199, p < 0.001). The gender and age, parental education, family income, ethnicity, autism spectrum disorder severity, social functioning, psychotropic and complementary medication use of children and youth with autism spectrum disorder were not statistically associated with their weight status. Findings suggest the need for clinical settings to monitor weight status of children and youth with autism spectrum disorder in a bid to manage or prevent overweight/obesity in this population. Incorporating a family system approach to influence health behaviours among children and youth with autism spectrum disorder especially for specific weight interventions is warranted and should be further explored. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361315616345 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=294

A Prospective Ultrasound Study of Prenatal Growth in Infant Siblings of Children With Autism / Lisa M. UNWIN in Autism Research, 9-2 (February 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 9-2 (February 2016) . - p.210-216 Titre : A Prospective Ultrasound Study of Prenatal Growth in Infant Siblings of Children With Autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lisa M. UNWIN, Auteur ; Murray T. MAYBERY, Auteur ; Anthony MURPHY, Auteur ; Wendy LILJE, Auteur ; Michelle BELLESINI, Auteur ; Anna HUNT, Auteur ; Joanna GRANICH, Auteur ; Peter JACOBY, Auteur ; Cheryl DISSANAYAKE, Auteur ; Craig E. PENNELL, Auteur ; Martha HICKEY, Auteur ; Andrew J.O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.210-216 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : infants  pediatrics  developmental psychology  prenatal  ultrasound Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Numerous studies have observed that a proportion of infants later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience accelerated head growth during the first years of life. An emerging methodology for examining the developmental trajectory prior to a diagnosis of ASD is to investigate siblings of affected individuals. The current study is the first prospective investigation of fetal growth in siblings of children with ASD. Two groups of pregnant women were recruited as part of the PRegnancy Investigation of Siblings and Mothers of children with autism cohort in Perth, Western Australia. The “high risk” group (n = 23) comprised pregnant women who have an existing child with a diagnosis of ASD and the “low risk” group (n = 36) comprised pregnant mothers who have an existing child who has developed typically. Prenatal ultrasounds were procured at multiple time-points throughout the second- and third-trimesters, enabling an examination of growth trajectories. Growth measurements were then compared for the high- and low-risk fetuses. Mixed linear regression models identified no significant differences between the high- and low-risk fetuses in the rate of prenatal head and body growth throughout the second- and third-trimester (all P-values >0.05). Similarly, there were no significant differences observed when comparing high and low risk groups on a ratio of head circumference relative to body size (β = −0.019, P = 0.75). Future studies may consider looking beyond the macro architecture of the prenatal brain and examine the growth of brain subregions that have been implicated in the presentation of ASD symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1518 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=282 [article] A Prospective Ultrasound Study of Prenatal Growth in Infant Siblings of Children With Autism [texte imprimé] / Lisa M. UNWIN, Auteur ; Murray T. MAYBERY, Auteur ; Anthony MURPHY, Auteur ; Wendy LILJE, Auteur ; Michelle BELLESINI, Auteur ; Anna HUNT, Auteur ; Joanna GRANICH, Auteur ; Peter JACOBY, Auteur ; Cheryl DISSANAYAKE, Auteur ; Craig E. PENNELL, Auteur ; Martha HICKEY, Auteur ; Andrew J.O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur . - p.210-216. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 9-2 (February 2016) . - p.210-216 Mots-clés : infants  pediatrics  developmental psychology  prenatal  ultrasound Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Numerous studies have observed that a proportion of infants later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience accelerated head growth during the first years of life. An emerging methodology for examining the developmental trajectory prior to a diagnosis of ASD is to investigate siblings of affected individuals. The current study is the first prospective investigation of fetal growth in siblings of children with ASD. Two groups of pregnant women were recruited as part of the PRegnancy Investigation of Siblings and Mothers of children with autism cohort in Perth, Western Australia. The “high risk” group (n = 23) comprised pregnant women who have an existing child with a diagnosis of ASD and the “low risk” group (n = 36) comprised pregnant mothers who have an existing child who has developed typically. Prenatal ultrasounds were procured at multiple time-points throughout the second- and third-trimesters, enabling an examination of growth trajectories. Growth measurements were then compared for the high- and low-risk fetuses. Mixed linear regression models identified no significant differences between the high- and low-risk fetuses in the rate of prenatal head and body growth throughout the second- and third-trimester (all P-values >0.05). Similarly, there were no significant differences observed when comparing high and low risk groups on a ratio of head circumference relative to body size (β = −0.019, P = 0.75). Future studies may consider looking beyond the macro architecture of the prenatal brain and examine the growth of brain subregions that have been implicated in the presentation of ASD symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1518 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=282

A randomised controlled trial of an iPad-based application to complement early behavioural intervention in Autism Spectrum Disorder / Andrew J.O. WHITEHOUSE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-9 (September 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-9 (September 2017) . - p.1042-1052 Titre : A randomised controlled trial of an iPad-based application to complement early behavioural intervention in Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Andrew J.O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur ; Joanna GRANICH, Auteur ; Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; Margherita L. BUSACCA, Auteur ; Matthew N. COOPER, Auteur ; Alena DASS, Auteur ; Thi DUONG, Auteur ; Rajes HARPER, Auteur ; Wendy MARSHALL, Auteur ; Amanda L. RICHDALE, Auteur ; Tania RODWELL, Auteur ; David TREMBATH, Auteur ; Pratibha VELLANKI, Auteur ; Dennis W. MOORE, Auteur ; Angelika ANDERSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1042-1052 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  randomised controlled trial  early intervention  computer-assisted learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Technology-based interventions for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have proliferated, but few have been evaluated within the context of a randomised controlled trial (RCT). This RCT evaluated the efficacy of one technology-based early intervention programme (Therapy Outcomes By You; TOBY) in young children with ASD. Methods TOBY is an app-based learning curriculum designed for children and parents as a complement to early behavioural intervention. Eighty children (16 female) were recruited to this RCT within 12 months of receiving a diagnosis of ASD (M age = 3.38; SD = 0.69) and randomised to receive either treatment-as-usual (community-based intervention, n = 39) or the TOBY therapy (at least 20 min/day) plus treatment-as-usual (n = 41) for a period of 6 months. Outcomes were assessed at 3 and 6 months postbaseline. (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12614000738628; www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=365463). Results Children in the TOBY intervention group averaged 19 min/day engaging with the app in the first 3 months, but only 2 min/day during the second 3 months. There was no group difference in scores on the primary outcome, the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist, at either the 3- or 6-month follow-up. However, significant improvements at the 6-month follow-up were observed in the TOBY intervention group relative to the treatment-as-usual group on three secondary outcomes: the Fine Motor and Visual Reception subscales of the Mullen Scale of Early Learning and the Total Words Understood scale of the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Index. Statistical trends towards improvement in the TOBY intervention group were observed on measures of adaptive function, although these decreased in magnitude from the 3- to 6-month follow-up. Conclusions This study provides evidence that technology-based interventions may provide a relatively low-cost addition to existing therapist-delivered interventions for children with ASD. However, sustained use of the app over the full 6-month period was a challenge for most families. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12752 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=317 [article] A randomised controlled trial of an iPad-based application to complement early behavioural intervention in Autism Spectrum Disorder [texte imprimé] / Andrew J.O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur ; Joanna GRANICH, Auteur ; Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; Margherita L. BUSACCA, Auteur ; Matthew N. COOPER, Auteur ; Alena DASS, Auteur ; Thi DUONG, Auteur ; Rajes HARPER, Auteur ; Wendy MARSHALL, Auteur ; Amanda L. RICHDALE, Auteur ; Tania RODWELL, Auteur ; David TREMBATH, Auteur ; Pratibha VELLANKI, Auteur ; Dennis W. MOORE, Auteur ; Angelika ANDERSON, Auteur . - p.1042-1052. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-9 (September 2017) . - p.1042-1052 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  randomised controlled trial  early intervention  computer-assisted learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Technology-based interventions for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have proliferated, but few have been evaluated within the context of a randomised controlled trial (RCT). This RCT evaluated the efficacy of one technology-based early intervention programme (Therapy Outcomes By You; TOBY) in young children with ASD. Methods TOBY is an app-based learning curriculum designed for children and parents as a complement to early behavioural intervention. Eighty children (16 female) were recruited to this RCT within 12 months of receiving a diagnosis of ASD (M age = 3.38; SD = 0.69) and randomised to receive either treatment-as-usual (community-based intervention, n = 39) or the TOBY therapy (at least 20 min/day) plus treatment-as-usual (n = 41) for a period of 6 months. Outcomes were assessed at 3 and 6 months postbaseline. (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12614000738628; www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=365463). Results Children in the TOBY intervention group averaged 19 min/day engaging with the app in the first 3 months, but only 2 min/day during the second 3 months. There was no group difference in scores on the primary outcome, the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist, at either the 3- or 6-month follow-up. However, significant improvements at the 6-month follow-up were observed in the TOBY intervention group relative to the treatment-as-usual group on three secondary outcomes: the Fine Motor and Visual Reception subscales of the Mullen Scale of Early Learning and the Total Words Understood scale of the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Index. Statistical trends towards improvement in the TOBY intervention group were observed on measures of adaptive function, although these decreased in magnitude from the 3- to 6-month follow-up. Conclusions This study provides evidence that technology-based interventions may provide a relatively low-cost addition to existing therapist-delivered interventions for children with ASD. However, sustained use of the app over the full 6-month period was a challenge for most families. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12752 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=317

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