Dépouillements

A systematic review of problematic video-game use in people with Autism Spectrum Disorders / Francesco CRAIG in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 82 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 82 (April 2021) . - 101726 Titre : A systematic review of problematic video-game use in people with Autism Spectrum Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Francesco CRAIG, Auteur ; Flaviana TENUTA, Auteur ; Andrea DE GIACOMO, Auteur ; Antonio TRABACCA, Auteur ; Angela COSTABILE, Auteur Article en page(s) : 101726 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Video-gaming  Addiction  Gaming disorders  Systematic review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background In recent years, an increasing number of studies documented potential links between gaming disorders (GD; including “digital-gaming” or “video-gaming”) and Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to summarize current research about problematic video game (PVG) use in people with ASD and identify specific factors associated with problematic video gaming behavior. Method We searched for articles indexed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCOhost electronic databases; using a combination of expressions including “autism spectrum disorder” OR “autism” OR “ASD” AND “video games” OR “gaming disorder” OR “Internet Gaming Disorder” OR “game addiction”. Results Twelve articles were included in this systematic review. The majority of them indicate that children, adolescents and adults with ASD may be at greater risk of PVG use than youths without ASD. Findings also suggested that several internal (sex, attention and oppositional behavior problems) and external factors (social aspects, access and time spent playing video, parental rules, and game genre) were significant predictors of problematic video game use in people with ASD. In addition, this review highlights the paucity of the literature on the consequences and individual effects of excessive video gaming in people with ASD. Conclusions We discuss unanswered questions and future directions and provide recommendations for improving clinicians and parents’ engagement in the prevention and management of problematic video game use in people with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101726 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] A systematic review of problematic video-game use in people with Autism Spectrum Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Francesco CRAIG, Auteur ; Flaviana TENUTA, Auteur ; Andrea DE GIACOMO, Auteur ; Antonio TRABACCA, Auteur ; Angela COSTABILE, Auteur . - 101726. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 82 (April 2021) . - 101726 Mots-clés : Autism  Video-gaming  Addiction  Gaming disorders  Systematic review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background In recent years, an increasing number of studies documented potential links between gaming disorders (GD; including “digital-gaming” or “video-gaming”) and Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to summarize current research about problematic video game (PVG) use in people with ASD and identify specific factors associated with problematic video gaming behavior. Method We searched for articles indexed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCOhost electronic databases; using a combination of expressions including “autism spectrum disorder” OR “autism” OR “ASD” AND “video games” OR “gaming disorder” OR “Internet Gaming Disorder” OR “game addiction”. Results Twelve articles were included in this systematic review. The majority of them indicate that children, adolescents and adults with ASD may be at greater risk of PVG use than youths without ASD. Findings also suggested that several internal (sex, attention and oppositional behavior problems) and external factors (social aspects, access and time spent playing video, parental rules, and game genre) were significant predictors of problematic video game use in people with ASD. In addition, this review highlights the paucity of the literature on the consequences and individual effects of excessive video gaming in people with ASD. Conclusions We discuss unanswered questions and future directions and provide recommendations for improving clinicians and parents’ engagement in the prevention and management of problematic video game use in people with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101726 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Psychometric evaluation of an Arabic Red Flag Screening Checklist of autism spectrum disorders in infants and toddlers / Alanood Mubarak AL-THANI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 82 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 82 (April 2021) . - 101727 Titre : Psychometric evaluation of an Arabic Red Flag Screening Checklist of autism spectrum disorders in infants and toddlers Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Alanood Mubarak AL-THANI, Auteur ; Mutasem Mohammad AKOUR, Auteur ; Sadriya Mohammed AL-KOHJI, Auteur Article en page(s) : 101727 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Rasch  Validity  Reliability  Psychometric quality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Although autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is increasing around the world, the interest in developing and validating screening instruments in the Arab countries is still in the initial stage. The current study examined psychometric properties of a unidimensional 14-item screening tool that was developed in Qatar to identify ASD infants and toddlers between the ages of 15 and 33 months. Methods Rash analysis was carried out on a sample of 22,307 records of children who were screened by this instrument. The analysis was done for two age groups: 15–24 months, and 25–33 months, and across two administration modes: paper and pencil, and electronic modes. Results The findings of the current study showed mixed results: some scale properties were good, whereas others were poor. Almost all 12 items retained for the final form showed acceptable values for the infit and outfit statistics and fulfilled the assumptions of local independence and unidimensionality for the two groups of children and across the two administration modes. However, reliability and separation for persons and items, and targeting of items to children along the autistic trait were not acceptable. Moreover, low sensitivity and specificity asserted that ASD was not accurately identified in children. Conclusions The findings of the current study identified weaknesses in three areas: the small number of items used to measure the autistic trait, the small number of response categories within each item, and the low sensitivity and specificity of the instrument. Suggestions were provided to address these weaknesses. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101727 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Psychometric evaluation of an Arabic Red Flag Screening Checklist of autism spectrum disorders in infants and toddlers [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Alanood Mubarak AL-THANI, Auteur ; Mutasem Mohammad AKOUR, Auteur ; Sadriya Mohammed AL-KOHJI, Auteur . - 101727. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 82 (April 2021) . - 101727 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Rasch  Validity  Reliability  Psychometric quality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Although autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is increasing around the world, the interest in developing and validating screening instruments in the Arab countries is still in the initial stage. The current study examined psychometric properties of a unidimensional 14-item screening tool that was developed in Qatar to identify ASD infants and toddlers between the ages of 15 and 33 months. Methods Rash analysis was carried out on a sample of 22,307 records of children who were screened by this instrument. The analysis was done for two age groups: 15–24 months, and 25–33 months, and across two administration modes: paper and pencil, and electronic modes. Results The findings of the current study showed mixed results: some scale properties were good, whereas others were poor. Almost all 12 items retained for the final form showed acceptable values for the infit and outfit statistics and fulfilled the assumptions of local independence and unidimensionality for the two groups of children and across the two administration modes. However, reliability and separation for persons and items, and targeting of items to children along the autistic trait were not acceptable. Moreover, low sensitivity and specificity asserted that ASD was not accurately identified in children. Conclusions The findings of the current study identified weaknesses in three areas: the small number of items used to measure the autistic trait, the small number of response categories within each item, and the low sensitivity and specificity of the instrument. Suggestions were provided to address these weaknesses. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101727 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Psychiatric comorbidity associated with co-occurring autism spectrum disorder and substance use disorder / Benjamin M. ISENBERG in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 82 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 82 (April 2021) . - 101728 Titre : Psychiatric comorbidity associated with co-occurring autism spectrum disorder and substance use disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Benjamin M. ISENBERG, Auteur ; Diana W. WOODWARD, Auteur ; Colin W. BURKE, Auteur ; Lisa A. NOWINSKI, Auteur ; Gagan JOSHI, Auteur ; Timothy E. WILENS, Auteur Article en page(s) : 101728 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  ASD  Substance use disorder  SUD  Conduct disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Although both autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and substance use disorder (SUD) are both commonly comorbid with other psychiatric conditions, there is a paucity of research on the overlap of these disorders. The primary aim of the present study was to identify the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in young adults with SUD and ASD compared to those with ASD only. Method Multivariate logistic regression controlling for age was used to compare the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a sample of treatment-seeking adult outpatients with a) ASD without SUD and b) ASD with SUD. Psychiatric and SUD diagnoses were determined by semi-structured interview (SCID for DSM IV). Results The sample included 42 patients with ASD only (mean age ± SD = 26.2 ± 8.9 years) and 21 with ASD and SUD (35.2 ± 12.6). High rates of psychopathology were found in both groups. Comorbid conduct disorder (CD) was significantly more prevalent in the ASD + SUD group (25 %) compared to those without SUD (5%; p < 0.05). There were no other significant differences between groups in the rates of non-conduct comorbid psychopathology. Conclusion In both groups, rates of psychopathology were high with CD being significantly more common in young adults with ASD and SUD. These findings highlight the importance of screening for CD in individuals with ASD to mitigate the potential development of comorbid SUD. Further research is needed to determine if CD is a true risk factor for SUD in the ASD population and identify other risk factors. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101728 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Psychiatric comorbidity associated with co-occurring autism spectrum disorder and substance use disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Benjamin M. ISENBERG, Auteur ; Diana W. WOODWARD, Auteur ; Colin W. BURKE, Auteur ; Lisa A. NOWINSKI, Auteur ; Gagan JOSHI, Auteur ; Timothy E. WILENS, Auteur . - 101728. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 82 (April 2021) . - 101728 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  ASD  Substance use disorder  SUD  Conduct disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Although both autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and substance use disorder (SUD) are both commonly comorbid with other psychiatric conditions, there is a paucity of research on the overlap of these disorders. The primary aim of the present study was to identify the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in young adults with SUD and ASD compared to those with ASD only. Method Multivariate logistic regression controlling for age was used to compare the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a sample of treatment-seeking adult outpatients with a) ASD without SUD and b) ASD with SUD. Psychiatric and SUD diagnoses were determined by semi-structured interview (SCID for DSM IV). Results The sample included 42 patients with ASD only (mean age ± SD = 26.2 ± 8.9 years) and 21 with ASD and SUD (35.2 ± 12.6). High rates of psychopathology were found in both groups. Comorbid conduct disorder (CD) was significantly more prevalent in the ASD + SUD group (25 %) compared to those without SUD (5%; p < 0.05). There were no other significant differences between groups in the rates of non-conduct comorbid psychopathology. Conclusion In both groups, rates of psychopathology were high with CD being significantly more common in young adults with ASD and SUD. These findings highlight the importance of screening for CD in individuals with ASD to mitigate the potential development of comorbid SUD. Further research is needed to determine if CD is a true risk factor for SUD in the ASD population and identify other risk factors. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101728 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Resequencing and association analysis of GAP43 with autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia in a Japanese population / Reza K. ARTA in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 82 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 82 (April 2021) . - 101729 Titre : Resequencing and association analysis of GAP43 with autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia in a Japanese population Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Reza K. ARTA, Auteur ; Yuichiro WATANABE, Auteur ; Emiko INOUE, Auteur ; Yoshihiro NAWA, Auteur ; Ryo MORIKAWA, Auteur ; Jun EGAWA, Auteur ; Itaru KUSHIMA, Auteur ; Hirofumi IGETA, Auteur ; Satoshi HOYA, Auteur ; Atsunori SUGIMOTO, Auteur ; Andi J. TANRA, Auteur ; Norio OZAKI, Auteur ; Toshiyuki SOMEYA, Auteur Article en page(s) : 101729 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  GAP43  Japanese  Schizophrenia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43), a synaptic protein involved in axonal growth and synaptic plasticity, is implicated in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia. To examine the role of rare GAP43 variants in the genetic etiology of ASD and schizophrenia in a Japanese population, we performed resequencing and association analysis. Methods First, we resequenced the GAP43 coding region in 295 ASD patients, 323 schizophrenia patients and 304 controls. Second, we genotyped rs561268447 in 273 ASD patients, 1,150 schizophrenia patients and 1,022 controls. Third, we performed an association analysis of rs561268447 in 568 ASD patients, 1,473 schizophrenia patients and 10,127 controls. Results We identified a rare putatively damaging missense variant (rs561268447) in an ASD patient via resequencing. However, we did not detect the variant in 2,445 individuals via genotyping. The variant was not significantly associated with ASD or schizophrenia in the association analysis. Conclusion This study does not provide evidence for the contribution of rare GAP43 variants to ASD or schizophrenia susceptibility in the Japanese population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101729 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Resequencing and association analysis of GAP43 with autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia in a Japanese population [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Reza K. ARTA, Auteur ; Yuichiro WATANABE, Auteur ; Emiko INOUE, Auteur ; Yoshihiro NAWA, Auteur ; Ryo MORIKAWA, Auteur ; Jun EGAWA, Auteur ; Itaru KUSHIMA, Auteur ; Hirofumi IGETA, Auteur ; Satoshi HOYA, Auteur ; Atsunori SUGIMOTO, Auteur ; Andi J. TANRA, Auteur ; Norio OZAKI, Auteur ; Toshiyuki SOMEYA, Auteur . - 101729. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 82 (April 2021) . - 101729 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  GAP43  Japanese  Schizophrenia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43), a synaptic protein involved in axonal growth and synaptic plasticity, is implicated in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia. To examine the role of rare GAP43 variants in the genetic etiology of ASD and schizophrenia in a Japanese population, we performed resequencing and association analysis. Methods First, we resequenced the GAP43 coding region in 295 ASD patients, 323 schizophrenia patients and 304 controls. Second, we genotyped rs561268447 in 273 ASD patients, 1,150 schizophrenia patients and 1,022 controls. Third, we performed an association analysis of rs561268447 in 568 ASD patients, 1,473 schizophrenia patients and 10,127 controls. Results We identified a rare putatively damaging missense variant (rs561268447) in an ASD patient via resequencing. However, we did not detect the variant in 2,445 individuals via genotyping. The variant was not significantly associated with ASD or schizophrenia in the association analysis. Conclusion This study does not provide evidence for the contribution of rare GAP43 variants to ASD or schizophrenia susceptibility in the Japanese population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101729 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Stability of co-occurring psychiatric diagnoses in autistic men and women / Vasiliki KENTROU in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 82 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 82 (April 2021) . - 101736 Titre : Stability of co-occurring psychiatric diagnoses in autistic men and women Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Vasiliki KENTROU, Auteur ; Milou OOSTERVINK, Auteur ; Anke M. SCHEEREN, Auteur ; Sander BEGEER, Auteur Article en page(s) : 101736 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  Autism spectrum disorder  Prior diagnoses  Co-occurring diagnoses  Adults  Female Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Despite a high prevalence of psychiatric conditions in autistic adults, research examining the diagnostic stability of psychiatric conditions diagnosed prior to autism is limited. Method The present study examined the occurrence of (1) psychiatric diagnoses obtained before autism was diagnosed, (2) psychiatric conditions co-occurring with autism following its diagnosis, and (3) psychiatric conditions that were diagnosed before autism but no longer co-occurred with autism following its diagnosis. Participants (N = 1019, 51.5% female) provided information on psychiatric conditions predating their diagnosis of autism and psychiatric conditions co-occurring with autism. This information was combined to identify prior diagnoses that were no longer present post-autism diagnosis. Results Results showed that 50.2% of participants (62.7% of females and 37% of males) had at least one prior diagnosis. Mood and personality disorders were the most frequent prior diagnoses. Moreover, 59.3% (67% of females and 51% of males) reported having at least one diagnosis co-occurring with autism. Mood and anxiety disorders were the most frequent co-occurring diagnoses. Finally, 37.7% (47% of females and 27.3% of males) reported at least one previously diagnosed psychiatric condition that was no longer listed as a condition co-occurring with autism following its diagnosis. Personality disorders were most frequently no longer reported as diagnoses co-occurring with autism, despite being listed as prior diagnoses. Conclusions This study provides quantitative estimates of the temporal stability of specific psychiatric conditions before and after a diagnosis of autism in adults. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101736 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Stability of co-occurring psychiatric diagnoses in autistic men and women [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Vasiliki KENTROU, Auteur ; Milou OOSTERVINK, Auteur ; Anke M. SCHEEREN, Auteur ; Sander BEGEER, Auteur . - 101736. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 82 (April 2021) . - 101736 Mots-clés : ASD  Autism spectrum disorder  Prior diagnoses  Co-occurring diagnoses  Adults  Female Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Despite a high prevalence of psychiatric conditions in autistic adults, research examining the diagnostic stability of psychiatric conditions diagnosed prior to autism is limited. Method The present study examined the occurrence of (1) psychiatric diagnoses obtained before autism was diagnosed, (2) psychiatric conditions co-occurring with autism following its diagnosis, and (3) psychiatric conditions that were diagnosed before autism but no longer co-occurred with autism following its diagnosis. Participants (N = 1019, 51.5% female) provided information on psychiatric conditions predating their diagnosis of autism and psychiatric conditions co-occurring with autism. This information was combined to identify prior diagnoses that were no longer present post-autism diagnosis. Results Results showed that 50.2% of participants (62.7% of females and 37% of males) had at least one prior diagnosis. Mood and personality disorders were the most frequent prior diagnoses. Moreover, 59.3% (67% of females and 51% of males) reported having at least one diagnosis co-occurring with autism. Mood and anxiety disorders were the most frequent co-occurring diagnoses. Finally, 37.7% (47% of females and 27.3% of males) reported at least one previously diagnosed psychiatric condition that was no longer listed as a condition co-occurring with autism following its diagnosis. Personality disorders were most frequently no longer reported as diagnoses co-occurring with autism, despite being listed as prior diagnoses. Conclusions This study provides quantitative estimates of the temporal stability of specific psychiatric conditions before and after a diagnosis of autism in adults. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101736 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Investigation of VDR gene polymorphisms in twins with autism spectrum disorder / Ender COSKUNPINAR in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 82 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 82 (April 2021) . - 101737 Titre : Investigation of VDR gene polymorphisms in twins with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ender COSKUNPINAR, Auteur ; Tuba KOSE, Auteur ; Pinar Algedik DEMIRAYAK, Auteur ; Ceyda HAYRETDAG, Auteur ; Serdar BOZLAK, Auteur Article en page(s) : 101737 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  VDR polymorphism  Twin studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Twin studies to clarify the etiology of autism, copy number variations (CNV), and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have provided strong evidence that genetic factors play an important role in the etiology of Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms and disease development in ASD twins. Method The study included 32 pairs of dizygotic twins (64 patients) with ASD and 100 healthy subjects as the control group. Genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples. It is performed by PCR designed with region-specific primers. After the PCR procedure, RFLP was performed with appropriate enzymes to determine genotypes. The results were statistically evaluated by Chi Square Test and Haplotype analysis. Results When the results of our study were examined, the frequency of the variant CC genotype of FokI (rs2228570?T/C), the frequency of the variant TT genotype of ApaI (rs7975253?G/T) and the frequency of the variant TT genotype of TaqI(rs731236?T/C) were significantly higher than the control group (p:0,019, p:0,039, p:0,037). Conclusions In this study, single nucleotide changes in three different variants of the VDR gene were investigated in dizygotic twins cases with ASD in Turkey. Genotypically, it was found that patients showed statistically significant difference in all three regions compared to controls. In terms of allele frequencies of SNPs, it was observed that ApaI and TaqI allele frequencies were statistically significantly different between dizygotic patients with ASD and healthy controls. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101737 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Investigation of VDR gene polymorphisms in twins with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ender COSKUNPINAR, Auteur ; Tuba KOSE, Auteur ; Pinar Algedik DEMIRAYAK, Auteur ; Ceyda HAYRETDAG, Auteur ; Serdar BOZLAK, Auteur . - 101737. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 82 (April 2021) . - 101737 Mots-clés : ASD  VDR polymorphism  Twin studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Twin studies to clarify the etiology of autism, copy number variations (CNV), and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have provided strong evidence that genetic factors play an important role in the etiology of Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms and disease development in ASD twins. Method The study included 32 pairs of dizygotic twins (64 patients) with ASD and 100 healthy subjects as the control group. Genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples. It is performed by PCR designed with region-specific primers. After the PCR procedure, RFLP was performed with appropriate enzymes to determine genotypes. The results were statistically evaluated by Chi Square Test and Haplotype analysis. Results When the results of our study were examined, the frequency of the variant CC genotype of FokI (rs2228570?T/C), the frequency of the variant TT genotype of ApaI (rs7975253?G/T) and the frequency of the variant TT genotype of TaqI(rs731236?T/C) were significantly higher than the control group (p:0,019, p:0,039, p:0,037). Conclusions In this study, single nucleotide changes in three different variants of the VDR gene were investigated in dizygotic twins cases with ASD in Turkey. Genotypically, it was found that patients showed statistically significant difference in all three regions compared to controls. In terms of allele frequencies of SNPs, it was observed that ApaI and TaqI allele frequencies were statistically significantly different between dizygotic patients with ASD and healthy controls. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101737 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Anxiety relates to classroom executive function problems in students with ASD, but not ADHD / Mary F. S. DIECKHAUS in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 82 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 82 (April 2021) . - 101739 Titre : Anxiety relates to classroom executive function problems in students with ASD, but not ADHD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mary F. S. DIECKHAUS, Auteur ; Kristina K. HARDY, Auteur ; Laura GUTERMUTH ANTHONY, Auteur ; Alyssa VERBALIS, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur ; Cara E. PUGLIESE, Auteur Article en page(s) : 101739 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  Anxiety  Executive function  Flexibility Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Anxiety occurs at elevated rates in developmental disorders and has been linked to executive functioning (EF) deficits. EF is strongly related to academic outcomes, but the relationship between anxiety and EF in the classroom has not been examined. Method We explored this relationship in two neurodevelopmental disorders, autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), in order to evaluate the specificity of associations between parent-reported anxiety and teacher-reported EF deficits in the classroom setting. Results Greater anxiety was associated with more classroom EF-related problems in the ASD group, but not in the ADHD group. Item-level analysis of classroom EF problems in the ASD group revealed associations between anxiety and difficulties with task initiation, attention, and completion. Anxiety was not related to total or item-level teacher-reported EF problems in the ADHD group. Conclusion Further investigation into disorder-specific mechanisms that lead to the manifestation of anxiety symptoms may pave the way for more effective treatment and favorable academic outcome. Anxiety is related to poor EF in the classroom for students with ASD, which has implications for treating anxiety to promote positive academic outcomes and incorporating EF supports and training into treatment models for anxiety. The lack of association between anxiety and EF for students with ADHD was unexpected and warrants further exploration. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101739 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Anxiety relates to classroom executive function problems in students with ASD, but not ADHD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mary F. S. DIECKHAUS, Auteur ; Kristina K. HARDY, Auteur ; Laura GUTERMUTH ANTHONY, Auteur ; Alyssa VERBALIS, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur ; Cara E. PUGLIESE, Auteur . - 101739. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 82 (April 2021) . - 101739 Mots-clés : Autism  Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  Anxiety  Executive function  Flexibility Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Anxiety occurs at elevated rates in developmental disorders and has been linked to executive functioning (EF) deficits. EF is strongly related to academic outcomes, but the relationship between anxiety and EF in the classroom has not been examined. Method We explored this relationship in two neurodevelopmental disorders, autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), in order to evaluate the specificity of associations between parent-reported anxiety and teacher-reported EF deficits in the classroom setting. Results Greater anxiety was associated with more classroom EF-related problems in the ASD group, but not in the ADHD group. Item-level analysis of classroom EF problems in the ASD group revealed associations between anxiety and difficulties with task initiation, attention, and completion. Anxiety was not related to total or item-level teacher-reported EF problems in the ADHD group. Conclusion Further investigation into disorder-specific mechanisms that lead to the manifestation of anxiety symptoms may pave the way for more effective treatment and favorable academic outcome. Anxiety is related to poor EF in the classroom for students with ASD, which has implications for treating anxiety to promote positive academic outcomes and incorporating EF supports and training into treatment models for anxiety. The lack of association between anxiety and EF for students with ADHD was unexpected and warrants further exploration. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101739 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Associations between domains of health-related quality of life and co-occurring emotional and behavioral problems in youth with autism spectrum disorder / Michelle MENEZES in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 82 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 82 (April 2021) . - 101740 Titre : Associations between domains of health-related quality of life and co-occurring emotional and behavioral problems in youth with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michelle MENEZES, Auteur ; Micah O. MAZUREK, Auteur Article en page(s) : 101740 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  ASD  Quality of life  Well-being  Functioning  Comorbidity  Psychiatric comorbidity  Mental health Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) can be used as a measure of the impact of a particular disorder on one’s daily functioning. Previous studies have found that comorbid psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are associated with poorer HRQoL than ASD alone. Less is known about potential associations between specific symptoms of co-occurring psychopathology (i.e., emotional and behavioral problems) and domains of functioning or HRQoL in youth with ASD. Method Participants were 470 children with ASD 2–14 years old recruited from one of three sites. Hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted with Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL; Varni, Seid, & Kurtin, 2001) HRQoL domains of physical functioning, emotional functioning, school functioning, and social functioning as the dependent variables. Covariates were entered at step 1, followed by the independent variables of interest at step 2: irritability, social withdrawal, stereotypic behavior, hyperactivity/noncompliance, and inappropriate speech. Results The study found that increased irritability was associated with poorer emotional and physical functioning and that greater social withdrawal was associated with worse social functioning. Furthermore, findings showed that more hyperactivity/noncompliance was associated with worse school functioning. Conclusions Results demonstrated that certain emotional and behavioral symptoms are differentially associated with domains of HRQoL. This indicates that emotional and behavioral problems should be considered when measuring HRQoL in children with ASD. It also suggests that treating co-occurring emotional/behavioral problems could improve HRQoL and functioning in certain domains for this population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101740 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Associations between domains of health-related quality of life and co-occurring emotional and behavioral problems in youth with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michelle MENEZES, Auteur ; Micah O. MAZUREK, Auteur . - 101740. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 82 (April 2021) . - 101740 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  ASD  Quality of life  Well-being  Functioning  Comorbidity  Psychiatric comorbidity  Mental health Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) can be used as a measure of the impact of a particular disorder on one’s daily functioning. Previous studies have found that comorbid psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are associated with poorer HRQoL than ASD alone. Less is known about potential associations between specific symptoms of co-occurring psychopathology (i.e., emotional and behavioral problems) and domains of functioning or HRQoL in youth with ASD. Method Participants were 470 children with ASD 2–14 years old recruited from one of three sites. Hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted with Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL; Varni, Seid, & Kurtin, 2001) HRQoL domains of physical functioning, emotional functioning, school functioning, and social functioning as the dependent variables. Covariates were entered at step 1, followed by the independent variables of interest at step 2: irritability, social withdrawal, stereotypic behavior, hyperactivity/noncompliance, and inappropriate speech. Results The study found that increased irritability was associated with poorer emotional and physical functioning and that greater social withdrawal was associated with worse social functioning. Furthermore, findings showed that more hyperactivity/noncompliance was associated with worse school functioning. Conclusions Results demonstrated that certain emotional and behavioral symptoms are differentially associated with domains of HRQoL. This indicates that emotional and behavioral problems should be considered when measuring HRQoL in children with ASD. It also suggests that treating co-occurring emotional/behavioral problems could improve HRQoL and functioning in certain domains for this population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101740 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Program evaluation of a community organization offering supported employment services for adults with autism / Valérie MARTIN in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 82 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 82 (April 2021) . - 101741 Titre : Program evaluation of a community organization offering supported employment services for adults with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Valérie MARTIN, Auteur ; Marc J. LANOVAZ, Auteur Article en page(s) : 101741 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Mental health  Supported employment  Vocational support  Work Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have an employment rate well below the general population. One potential solution to address this issue is the implementation of supported employment services. The purpose of our study was to evaluate a Canadian community supported employment program designed for individuals with ASD without an intellectual disability. Method Thirty-seven individuals with ASD, who were receiving services from a local community agency (Action main-d’oeuvre) providing supported employment services, participated in the study. The research team monitored the characteristics of the participants, the number of hours of services provided, and outcome measures related to employment. We then conducted descriptive analyses, t-tests, and Wilcoxon signed rank tests to compare anxiety about work and self-efficacy before services and after outcomes of the program. Results Despite high levels of comorbid mental health issues, our results indicated that 62.1 % of individuals obtained paid employment within 12 months. Furthermore, participants with post-secondary education found jobs related to their degree or requiring specialized skills. Participants felt less anxious and more self-efficacious towards employment. Maintaining employment was a greater challenge and continuing support may be required. Conclusions The study suggests that the employment services may have supported the participants in finding a job. However, collaboration is essential to address mental health issues in job seekers with ASD, which appeared to hinder job search and maintenance. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101741 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Program evaluation of a community organization offering supported employment services for adults with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Valérie MARTIN, Auteur ; Marc J. LANOVAZ, Auteur . - 101741. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 82 (April 2021) . - 101741 Mots-clés : Autism  Mental health  Supported employment  Vocational support  Work Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have an employment rate well below the general population. One potential solution to address this issue is the implementation of supported employment services. The purpose of our study was to evaluate a Canadian community supported employment program designed for individuals with ASD without an intellectual disability. Method Thirty-seven individuals with ASD, who were receiving services from a local community agency (Action main-d’oeuvre) providing supported employment services, participated in the study. The research team monitored the characteristics of the participants, the number of hours of services provided, and outcome measures related to employment. We then conducted descriptive analyses, t-tests, and Wilcoxon signed rank tests to compare anxiety about work and self-efficacy before services and after outcomes of the program. Results Despite high levels of comorbid mental health issues, our results indicated that 62.1 % of individuals obtained paid employment within 12 months. Furthermore, participants with post-secondary education found jobs related to their degree or requiring specialized skills. Participants felt less anxious and more self-efficacious towards employment. Maintaining employment was a greater challenge and continuing support may be required. Conclusions The study suggests that the employment services may have supported the participants in finding a job. However, collaboration is essential to address mental health issues in job seekers with ASD, which appeared to hinder job search and maintenance. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101741 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Judgments of spoken discourse and impression formation of neurotypical and autistic adults / Philippine GEELHAND in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 82 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 82 (April 2021) . - 101742 Titre : Judgments of spoken discourse and impression formation of neurotypical and autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Philippine GEELHAND, Auteur ; Fanny PAPASTAMOU, Auteur ; Gaétane DELIENS, Auteur ; Mikhail KISSINE, Auteur Article en page(s) : 101742 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  First impressions  Spoken discourse  Adults Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Studies on impression formation in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have suggested that both ASD and neurotypical (NT) individuals extract paralinguistic cues (e.g., vocal and facial expressions) from brief extracts of social behaviors to form less favorable impressions of the personality traits of ASD individuals than of their NT peers. Yet, discourse studies in ASD have also suggested that there are specific linguistic features (e.g., conjunctions) that can distinguish the speech of ASD individuals from that of NT individuals. This study investigates whether naïve participants with and without autism can perceive discourse features previously identified as characteristic of ASD speech, based on a single exposure to conversation extracts. Methods A cross-design rating experiment was created whereby a group of ASD and NT adults (blind to diagnosis information) rated audio recordings involving ASD and NT speakers. Rating participants evaluated the recordings using a Likert scale targeting impressions of discourse features. Results ASD and NT Raters behaved similarly on the ratings of discourse features; evaluating the speech of ASD Speakers less favorably than those of NT Speakers. Conclusion Our results extend previous findings by showing that linguistic cues also lead to less favorable impressions of the discourse of ASD Speakers, and this from both the perspective of NT and ASD Raters. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101742 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Judgments of spoken discourse and impression formation of neurotypical and autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Philippine GEELHAND, Auteur ; Fanny PAPASTAMOU, Auteur ; Gaétane DELIENS, Auteur ; Mikhail KISSINE, Auteur . - 101742. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 82 (April 2021) . - 101742 Mots-clés : Autism  First impressions  Spoken discourse  Adults Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Studies on impression formation in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have suggested that both ASD and neurotypical (NT) individuals extract paralinguistic cues (e.g., vocal and facial expressions) from brief extracts of social behaviors to form less favorable impressions of the personality traits of ASD individuals than of their NT peers. Yet, discourse studies in ASD have also suggested that there are specific linguistic features (e.g., conjunctions) that can distinguish the speech of ASD individuals from that of NT individuals. This study investigates whether naïve participants with and without autism can perceive discourse features previously identified as characteristic of ASD speech, based on a single exposure to conversation extracts. Methods A cross-design rating experiment was created whereby a group of ASD and NT adults (blind to diagnosis information) rated audio recordings involving ASD and NT speakers. Rating participants evaluated the recordings using a Likert scale targeting impressions of discourse features. Results ASD and NT Raters behaved similarly on the ratings of discourse features; evaluating the speech of ASD Speakers less favorably than those of NT Speakers. Conclusion Our results extend previous findings by showing that linguistic cues also lead to less favorable impressions of the discourse of ASD Speakers, and this from both the perspective of NT and ASD Raters. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101742 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443