Diversifying autism neuroimaging research: An arterial spin labeling review / Laust V. KNUDSEN in Autism, 27-5 (July 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-5 (July 2023) . - p.1190-1203 Titre : Diversifying autism neuroimaging research: An arterial spin labeling review Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Laust V. KNUDSEN, Auteur ; Abigail J. SHELDRICK, Auteur ; Manouchehr S. VAFAEE, Auteur ; Tanja M. MICHEL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1190-1203 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : arterial spin labeling;autism;autism spectrum disorder;cerebral blood flow;magnetic resonance imaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Cognition and brain homeostasis depends on cerebral blood flow to secure adequate oxygen and nutrient distribution to the brain tissue. Altered cerebral blood flow has previously been reported in individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum condition in comparison to non-autistics. This phenomenon might suggest cerebral blood flow as a potential biomarker for autism spectrum condition. Major technological advancement enables the non-invasive and quantitative measurement of cerebral blood flow via arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging. However, most neuroimaging studies in autistic individuals exploit the indirect blood oxygen level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging signal instead. Therefore, this review examines the use of arterial spin labeling to further investigate the neurobiology of the autism spectrum condition. Followed by a comparison of results from molecular imaging and arterial spin labeling studies and a discussion concerning the future direction and potential of arterial spin labeling in this context. We found that arterial spin labeling study results are consistent with those of molecular imaging, especially after considering the effect of age and sex. Arterial spin labeling has numerous application possibilities besides the quantification of cerebral blood flow, including assessment of functional connectivity and arterial transit time. Therefore, we encourage researchers to explore and consider the application of arterial spin labeling for future scientific studies in the quest to better understand the neurobiology of autism spectrum condition. Lay abstract Brain function and health depend on cerebral blood flow to secure the necessary delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the brain tissue. However, cerebral blood flow appears to be altered in autistic compared to non-autistic individuals, potentially suggesting this difference to be a cause and potential identification point of autism. Recent technological development enables precise and non-invasive measurement of cerebral blood flow via the magnetic resonance imaging method referred to as arterial spin labeling. However, most neuroimaging studies still prefer using the physiologically indirect measure derived from functional magnetic resonance imaging. Therefore, this review examines the use of arterial spin labeling to further investigate the neurobiology of autism. Furthermore, the review includes a comparison of results from molecular imaging and arterial spin labeling followed by a discussion concerning the future direction and potential of arterial spin labeling. We found that arterial spin labeling study results are consistent with those of molecular imaging, especially after considering the effect of age and sex. In addition, arterial spin labeling has numerous application possibilities besides the quantification of cerebral blood flow. Therefore, we encourage researchers to explore and consider the application of arterial spin labeling for future scientific studies in the quest to better understand the neurobiology of autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613221137230 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=507 [article] Diversifying autism neuroimaging research: An arterial spin labeling review [texte imprimé] / Laust V. KNUDSEN, Auteur ; Abigail J. SHELDRICK, Auteur ; Manouchehr S. VAFAEE, Auteur ; Tanja M. MICHEL, Auteur . - p.1190-1203. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-5 (July 2023) . - p.1190-1203 Mots-clés : arterial spin labeling;autism;autism spectrum disorder;cerebral blood flow;magnetic resonance imaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Cognition and brain homeostasis depends on cerebral blood flow to secure adequate oxygen and nutrient distribution to the brain tissue. Altered cerebral blood flow has previously been reported in individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum condition in comparison to non-autistics. This phenomenon might suggest cerebral blood flow as a potential biomarker for autism spectrum condition. Major technological advancement enables the non-invasive and quantitative measurement of cerebral blood flow via arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging. However, most neuroimaging studies in autistic individuals exploit the indirect blood oxygen level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging signal instead. Therefore, this review examines the use of arterial spin labeling to further investigate the neurobiology of the autism spectrum condition. Followed by a comparison of results from molecular imaging and arterial spin labeling studies and a discussion concerning the future direction and potential of arterial spin labeling in this context. We found that arterial spin labeling study results are consistent with those of molecular imaging, especially after considering the effect of age and sex. Arterial spin labeling has numerous application possibilities besides the quantification of cerebral blood flow, including assessment of functional connectivity and arterial transit time. Therefore, we encourage researchers to explore and consider the application of arterial spin labeling for future scientific studies in the quest to better understand the neurobiology of autism spectrum condition. Lay abstract Brain function and health depend on cerebral blood flow to secure the necessary delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the brain tissue. However, cerebral blood flow appears to be altered in autistic compared to non-autistic individuals, potentially suggesting this difference to be a cause and potential identification point of autism. Recent technological development enables precise and non-invasive measurement of cerebral blood flow via the magnetic resonance imaging method referred to as arterial spin labeling. However, most neuroimaging studies still prefer using the physiologically indirect measure derived from functional magnetic resonance imaging. Therefore, this review examines the use of arterial spin labeling to further investigate the neurobiology of autism. Furthermore, the review includes a comparison of results from molecular imaging and arterial spin labeling followed by a discussion concerning the future direction and potential of arterial spin labeling. We found that arterial spin labeling study results are consistent with those of molecular imaging, especially after considering the effect of age and sex. In addition, arterial spin labeling has numerous application possibilities besides the quantification of cerebral blood flow. Therefore, we encourage researchers to explore and consider the application of arterial spin labeling for future scientific studies in the quest to better understand the neurobiology of autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613221137230 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=507

Evidence for Gender-Specific Endophenotypes in High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder During Empathy / Karla SCHNEIDER in Autism Research, 6-6 (December 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 6-6 (December 2013) . - p.506-521 Titre : Evidence for Gender-Specific Endophenotypes in High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder During Empathy Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Karla SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Christina REGENBOGEN, Auteur ; Katharina D. PAULY, Auteur ; Anna GOSSEN, Auteur ; Daniel A. SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Lea MEVISSEN, Auteur ; Tanja M. MICHEL, Auteur ; Ruben C. GUR, Auteur ; Ute HABEL, Auteur ; Frank SCHNEIDER, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.506-521 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  empathy  gender differences  fMRI  social interactions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite remarkable behavioral gender differences in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and growing evidence for a diminished male : female ratio for the putative “male disorder” ASD, aspects of gender are not addressed accordingly in ASD research. Our study aims at filling this gap by exploring empathy abilities in a group of 28 patients with high-functioning ASD and 28 gender-, age- and education-matched non-autistic subjects, for the first time by means of functional neuroimaging (fMRI). In an event-related fMRI paradigm, emotional (“E”) and neutral (“N”) video clips presented actors telling self-related short stories. After each clip, participants were asked to indicate their own emotion and its intensity as well as the emotion and intensity perceived for the actor. Behaviorally, we found significantly less empathic responses in the overall ASD group compared with non-autistic subjects, and inadequate emotion recognition for the neutral clips in the female ASD group compared with healthy women. Neurally, increased activation of the bilateral medial frontal gyrus was found in male patients compared with female patients, a pattern which was not present in the non-autistic group. Additionally, autistic women exhibited decreased activation of midbrain and limbic regions compared with non-autistic women, whereas there was no significant difference within the male group. While we did not find a fundamental empathic deficit in autistic patients, our data propose different ways of processing empathy in autistic men and women, suggesting stronger impairments in cognitive aspects of empathy/theory of mind for men, and alterations of social reciprocity for women. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1310 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=221 [article] Evidence for Gender-Specific Endophenotypes in High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder During Empathy [texte imprimé] / Karla SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Christina REGENBOGEN, Auteur ; Katharina D. PAULY, Auteur ; Anna GOSSEN, Auteur ; Daniel A. SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Lea MEVISSEN, Auteur ; Tanja M. MICHEL, Auteur ; Ruben C. GUR, Auteur ; Ute HABEL, Auteur ; Frank SCHNEIDER, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.506-521. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 6-6 (December 2013) . - p.506-521 Mots-clés : autism  empathy  gender differences  fMRI  social interactions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Despite remarkable behavioral gender differences in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and growing evidence for a diminished male : female ratio for the putative “male disorder” ASD, aspects of gender are not addressed accordingly in ASD research. Our study aims at filling this gap by exploring empathy abilities in a group of 28 patients with high-functioning ASD and 28 gender-, age- and education-matched non-autistic subjects, for the first time by means of functional neuroimaging (fMRI). In an event-related fMRI paradigm, emotional (“E”) and neutral (“N”) video clips presented actors telling self-related short stories. After each clip, participants were asked to indicate their own emotion and its intensity as well as the emotion and intensity perceived for the actor. Behaviorally, we found significantly less empathic responses in the overall ASD group compared with non-autistic subjects, and inadequate emotion recognition for the neutral clips in the female ASD group compared with healthy women. Neurally, increased activation of the bilateral medial frontal gyrus was found in male patients compared with female patients, a pattern which was not present in the non-autistic group. Additionally, autistic women exhibited decreased activation of midbrain and limbic regions compared with non-autistic women, whereas there was no significant difference within the male group. While we did not find a fundamental empathic deficit in autistic patients, our data propose different ways of processing empathy in autistic men and women, suggesting stronger impairments in cognitive aspects of empathy/theory of mind for men, and alterations of social reciprocity for women. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1310 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=221

Oxidative Stress in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case Control Study / Morten THORSEN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-1 (January 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-1 (January 2022) . - p.275-282 Titre : Oxidative Stress in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case Control Study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Morten THORSEN, Auteur ; Niels BILENBERG, Auteur ; Lena THORSEN, Auteur ; Tanja M. MICHEL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.275-282 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Antioxidants/metabolism  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Case-Control Studies  Child  Female  Humans  Male  Oxidative Stress  Sex  Superoxide Dismutase  Xanthine Oxidase Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Oxidative stress has been proposed as being important in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and heightened levels of oxidative stress has found in children with ASD. Our aim was to investigate, whether this change is temporary or persist into adulthood. We included 89 adult patients with ASD and sex and age matched controls. Plasma levels of antioxidants superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and pro-oxidant xanthine oxidase (XO) were measured. Individuals with ASD had higher levels of SOD1, which furthermore correlated with autism severity as measured by autism quotient-score. We found no difference regarding SOD2 and XO between ASD group and controls. However, SOD1 and SOD2 were elevated in males compared to females. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04897-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=454 [article] Oxidative Stress in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case Control Study [texte imprimé] / Morten THORSEN, Auteur ; Niels BILENBERG, Auteur ; Lena THORSEN, Auteur ; Tanja M. MICHEL, Auteur . - p.275-282. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-1 (January 2022) . - p.275-282 Mots-clés : Adult  Antioxidants/metabolism  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Case-Control Studies  Child  Female  Humans  Male  Oxidative Stress  Sex  Superoxide Dismutase  Xanthine Oxidase Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Oxidative stress has been proposed as being important in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and heightened levels of oxidative stress has found in children with ASD. Our aim was to investigate, whether this change is temporary or persist into adulthood. We included 89 adult patients with ASD and sex and age matched controls. Plasma levels of antioxidants superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and pro-oxidant xanthine oxidase (XO) were measured. Individuals with ASD had higher levels of SOD1, which furthermore correlated with autism severity as measured by autism quotient-score. We found no difference regarding SOD2 and XO between ASD group and controls. However, SOD1 and SOD2 were elevated in males compared to females. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04897-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=454

Profiling parvalbumin interneurons using iPSC: challenges and perspectives for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) / Federica FILICE in Molecular Autism, 11 (2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 11 (2020) . - 10 p. Titre : Profiling parvalbumin interneurons using iPSC: challenges and perspectives for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Federica FILICE, Auteur ; Beat SCHWALLER, Auteur ; Tanja M. MICHEL, Auteur ; Edna GRÜNBLATT, Auteur Article en page(s) : 10 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  CRISPR-Cas9 technology  GABAergic  Induced pluripotent stem cells  Interneuron  Parvalbumin  Schizophrenia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are persistent conditions resulting from disrupted/altered neurodevelopment. ASD multifactorial etiology-and its numerous comorbid conditions-heightens the difficulty in identifying its underlying causes, thus obstructing the development of effective therapies. Increasing evidence from both animal and human studies suggests an altered functioning of the parvalbumin (PV)-expressing inhibitory interneurons as a common and possibly unifying pathway for some forms of ASD. PV-expressing interneurons (short: PVALB neurons) are critically implicated in the regulation of cortical networks' activity. Their particular connectivity patterns, i.e., their preferential targeting of perisomatic regions and axon initial segments of pyramidal cells, as well as their reciprocal connections, enable PVALB neurons to exert a fine-tuned control of, e.g., spike timing, resulting in the generation and modulation of rhythms in the gamma range, which are important for sensory perception and attention.New methodologies such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) and genome-editing techniques (CRISPR/Cas9) have proven to be valuable tools to get mechanistic insight in neurodevelopmental and/or neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. Such technological advances have enabled the generation of PVALB neurons from iPSC. Tagging of these neurons would allow following their fate during the development, from precursor cells to differentiated (and functional) PVALB neurons. Also, it would enable a better understanding of PVALB neuron function, using either iPSC from healthy donors or ASD patients with known mutations in ASD risk genes. In this concept paper, the strategies hopefully leading to a better understanding of PVALB neuron function(s) are briefly discussed. We envision that such an iPSC-based approach combined with emerging (genetic) technologies may offer the opportunity to investigate in detail the role of PVALB neurons and PV during "neurodevelopment ex vivo." En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-0314-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=427 [article] Profiling parvalbumin interneurons using iPSC: challenges and perspectives for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) [texte imprimé] / Federica FILICE, Auteur ; Beat SCHWALLER, Auteur ; Tanja M. MICHEL, Auteur ; Edna GRÜNBLATT, Auteur . - 10 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 11 (2020) . - 10 p. Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  CRISPR-Cas9 technology  GABAergic  Induced pluripotent stem cells  Interneuron  Parvalbumin  Schizophrenia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are persistent conditions resulting from disrupted/altered neurodevelopment. ASD multifactorial etiology-and its numerous comorbid conditions-heightens the difficulty in identifying its underlying causes, thus obstructing the development of effective therapies. Increasing evidence from both animal and human studies suggests an altered functioning of the parvalbumin (PV)-expressing inhibitory interneurons as a common and possibly unifying pathway for some forms of ASD. PV-expressing interneurons (short: PVALB neurons) are critically implicated in the regulation of cortical networks' activity. Their particular connectivity patterns, i.e., their preferential targeting of perisomatic regions and axon initial segments of pyramidal cells, as well as their reciprocal connections, enable PVALB neurons to exert a fine-tuned control of, e.g., spike timing, resulting in the generation and modulation of rhythms in the gamma range, which are important for sensory perception and attention.New methodologies such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) and genome-editing techniques (CRISPR/Cas9) have proven to be valuable tools to get mechanistic insight in neurodevelopmental and/or neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. Such technological advances have enabled the generation of PVALB neurons from iPSC. Tagging of these neurons would allow following their fate during the development, from precursor cells to differentiated (and functional) PVALB neurons. Also, it would enable a better understanding of PVALB neuron function, using either iPSC from healthy donors or ASD patients with known mutations in ASD risk genes. In this concept paper, the strategies hopefully leading to a better understanding of PVALB neuron function(s) are briefly discussed. We envision that such an iPSC-based approach combined with emerging (genetic) technologies may offer the opportunity to investigate in detail the role of PVALB neurons and PV during "neurodevelopment ex vivo." En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-0314-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=427

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