Commentary: ‘Diseases of the world’: from epidemiology to etiology of child and adolescent psychopathology – a commentary on Polanczyk et al. () / Jane E. COSTELLO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-3 (March 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-3 (March 2015) . - p.366-369 Titre : Commentary: ‘Diseases of the world’: from epidemiology to etiology of child and adolescent psychopathology – a commentary on Polanczyk et al. () Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jane E. COSTELLO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.366-369 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Epidemiology  etiology  global prevalence  child mental health disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : If you are an epidemiologist, professionally interested in patterns of the distribution of disease in time and space, the first question you will be asked is ‘how many?’ What is the ‘prevalence rate’ of ADHD? How many children have autism? The second question will be ‘are there more nowadays?’ Is there an epidemic of childhood depression Is the rate of conduct disorder increasing? This seems to be the main use that clinicians and clinical researchers make of epidemiology. So epidemiology is seen as important for some purposes but, somehow, not scientifically relevant to the real job of treatment. According to this view, epidemiology's value lies in telling us how bad a problem is (the ‘burden of disease’), how many affected people are getting treatment, and what the likely costs are. All useful stuff, but not getting us any nearer to the holy grail of understanding causes and cures of the ‘diseases of the world’. In their ‘meta-analysis of the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents’, Polanczyk and colleagues (Polanczyk et al., 2015, this issue) demonstrate just how partial and mistaken this view of epidemiology is. Polanczyk et al. have indeed provided a most valuable and thorough review of the descriptive issues that bureaucrats obsess about. But in the process they have illuminated several areas that are of real importance for the etiologic questions that scientists need to have answered if we are to make breakthroughs in the treatment and prevention of child and adolescent psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12402 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Commentary: ‘Diseases of the world’: from epidemiology to etiology of child and adolescent psychopathology – a commentary on Polanczyk et al. () [texte imprimé] / Jane E. COSTELLO, Auteur . - p.366-369. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-3 (March 2015) . - p.366-369 Mots-clés : Epidemiology  etiology  global prevalence  child mental health disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : If you are an epidemiologist, professionally interested in patterns of the distribution of disease in time and space, the first question you will be asked is ‘how many?’ What is the ‘prevalence rate’ of ADHD? How many children have autism? The second question will be ‘are there more nowadays?’ Is there an epidemic of childhood depression Is the rate of conduct disorder increasing? This seems to be the main use that clinicians and clinical researchers make of epidemiology. So epidemiology is seen as important for some purposes but, somehow, not scientifically relevant to the real job of treatment. According to this view, epidemiology's value lies in telling us how bad a problem is (the ‘burden of disease’), how many affected people are getting treatment, and what the likely costs are. All useful stuff, but not getting us any nearer to the holy grail of understanding causes and cures of the ‘diseases of the world’. In their ‘meta-analysis of the worldwide prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents’, Polanczyk and colleagues (Polanczyk et al., 2015, this issue) demonstrate just how partial and mistaken this view of epidemiology is. Polanczyk et al. have indeed provided a most valuable and thorough review of the descriptive issues that bureaucrats obsess about. But in the process they have illuminated several areas that are of real importance for the etiologic questions that scientists need to have answered if we are to make breakthroughs in the treatment and prevention of child and adolescent psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12402 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

A methylation study implicates the rewiring of brain neural circuits during puberty in the emergence of sex differences in depression symptoms / Robin F. CHAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-7 (July 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-7 (July 2022) . - p.802-809 Titre : A methylation study implicates the rewiring of brain neural circuits during puberty in the emergence of sex differences in depression symptoms Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Robin F. CHAN, Auteur ; William E. COPELAND, Auteur ; Min ZHAO, Auteur ; Lin Y. XIE, Auteur ; Jane E. COSTELLO, Auteur ; Karolina A. ABERG, Auteur ; Edwin J. C. G. VAN DEN OORD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.802-809 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Brain  DNA Methylation  Depression/genetics  Female  Genome-Wide Association Study  Humans  Male  Puberty  Sex Characteristics  Affective disorders  biomarkers  epigenetics  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Women are 1.5-3 times more likely to suffer from depression than men. This sex bias first emerges during puberty and then persists across the reproductive years. As the cause remains largely elusive, we performed a methylation-wide association study (MWAS) to generate novel hypotheses. METHODS: We assayed nearly all 28 million possible methylation sites in blood in 595 blood samples from 487 participants aged 9-17. MWASs were performed to identify methylation sites associated with increasing sex differences in depression symptoms as a function of pubertal stage. Epigenetic deconvolution was applied to perform analyses on a cell-type specific level. RESULTS: In monocytes, a substantial number of significant associations were detected after controlling the FDR at 0.05. These results could not be explained by plasma testosterone/estradiol or current/lifetime trauma. Our top results in monocytes were significantly enriched (ratio of 2.48) for genes in the top of a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of depression and neurodevelopment-related Gene Ontology (GO) terms that remained significant after correcting for multiple testing. Focusing on our most robust findings (70 genes overlapping with the GWAS meta-analysis and the significant GO terms), we find genes coding for members of each of the major classes of axon guidance molecules (netrins, slits, semaphorins, ephrins, and cell adhesion molecules). Many of these genes were previously implicated in rodent studies of brain development and depression-like phenotypes, as well as human methylation, gene expression and GWAS studies. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that the emergence of sex differences in depression may be related to the differential rewiring of brain circuits between boys and girls during puberty. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13522 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=477 [article] A methylation study implicates the rewiring of brain neural circuits during puberty in the emergence of sex differences in depression symptoms [texte imprimé] / Robin F. CHAN, Auteur ; William E. COPELAND, Auteur ; Min ZHAO, Auteur ; Lin Y. XIE, Auteur ; Jane E. COSTELLO, Auteur ; Karolina A. ABERG, Auteur ; Edwin J. C. G. VAN DEN OORD, Auteur . - p.802-809. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-7 (July 2022) . - p.802-809 Mots-clés : Brain  DNA Methylation  Depression/genetics  Female  Genome-Wide Association Study  Humans  Male  Puberty  Sex Characteristics  Affective disorders  biomarkers  epigenetics  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Women are 1.5-3 times more likely to suffer from depression than men. This sex bias first emerges during puberty and then persists across the reproductive years. As the cause remains largely elusive, we performed a methylation-wide association study (MWAS) to generate novel hypotheses. METHODS: We assayed nearly all 28 million possible methylation sites in blood in 595 blood samples from 487 participants aged 9-17. MWASs were performed to identify methylation sites associated with increasing sex differences in depression symptoms as a function of pubertal stage. Epigenetic deconvolution was applied to perform analyses on a cell-type specific level. RESULTS: In monocytes, a substantial number of significant associations were detected after controlling the FDR at 0.05. These results could not be explained by plasma testosterone/estradiol or current/lifetime trauma. Our top results in monocytes were significantly enriched (ratio of 2.48) for genes in the top of a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of depression and neurodevelopment-related Gene Ontology (GO) terms that remained significant after correcting for multiple testing. Focusing on our most robust findings (70 genes overlapping with the GWAS meta-analysis and the significant GO terms), we find genes coding for members of each of the major classes of axon guidance molecules (netrins, slits, semaphorins, ephrins, and cell adhesion molecules). Many of these genes were previously implicated in rodent studies of brain development and depression-like phenotypes, as well as human methylation, gene expression and GWAS studies. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that the emergence of sex differences in depression may be related to the differential rewiring of brain circuits between boys and girls during puberty. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13522 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=477

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