Change detection of meaningful objects in real-world scenes in adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorder / Steven VANMARCKE in Autism, 22-6 (August 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 22-6 (August 2018) . - p.728-739 Titre : Change detection of meaningful objects in real-world scenes in adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Steven VANMARCKE, Auteur ; Ilse NOENS, Auteur ; Jean STEYAERT, Auteur ; Johan WAGEMANS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.728-739 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  change blindness  local-global processing  vision research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous research suggested that adolescents with autism spectrum disorder are better than typically developing children in detecting local, non-social details within complex visual scenes. To better understand these differences, we used the image database by Sareen et al., containing the size and on-screen location information of all changes in the images, in a change blindness paradigm. In this task, an original and a modified real-world scene, separated by a gray blank, alternate repeatedly until observers detect the change. Our results indicated that participants with and without autism spectrum disorder performed similarly when scenes were presented upright, but that only the performance of the typically developing adolescents became worse in the inverted scene condition. In this condition, the correlation between performance and both image difficulty and change predictability was significantly weaker in autism spectrum disorder than in typically developing participants. We suggest that these findings result from a more locally biased search strategy in people with autism spectrum disorder, compared to typically developing participants, in tasks in which the rapid processing of global information does not help to improve change detection performance. Finally, although we found change location, change size, and age to influence participant performance, none of these was directly linked to the observed group-level differences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361317702559 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 [article] Change detection of meaningful objects in real-world scenes in adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Steven VANMARCKE, Auteur ; Ilse NOENS, Auteur ; Jean STEYAERT, Auteur ; Johan WAGEMANS, Auteur . - p.728-739. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 22-6 (August 2018) . - p.728-739 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  change blindness  local-global processing  vision research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous research suggested that adolescents with autism spectrum disorder are better than typically developing children in detecting local, non-social details within complex visual scenes. To better understand these differences, we used the image database by Sareen et al., containing the size and on-screen location information of all changes in the images, in a change blindness paradigm. In this task, an original and a modified real-world scene, separated by a gray blank, alternate repeatedly until observers detect the change. Our results indicated that participants with and without autism spectrum disorder performed similarly when scenes were presented upright, but that only the performance of the typically developing adolescents became worse in the inverted scene condition. In this condition, the correlation between performance and both image difficulty and change predictability was significantly weaker in autism spectrum disorder than in typically developing participants. We suggest that these findings result from a more locally biased search strategy in people with autism spectrum disorder, compared to typically developing participants, in tasks in which the rapid processing of global information does not help to improve change detection performance. Finally, although we found change location, change size, and age to influence participant performance, none of these was directly linked to the observed group-level differences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361317702559 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366

Gist perception in adolescents with and without ASD: Ultra-rapid categorization of meaningful real-life scenes / Steven VANMARCKE in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 29-30 (September–October 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 29-30 (September–October 2016) . - p.30-47 Titre : Gist perception in adolescents with and without ASD: Ultra-rapid categorization of meaningful real-life scenes Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Steven VANMARCKE, Auteur ; Lotte VAN ESCH, Auteur ; Ruth VAN DER HALLEN, Auteur ; Kris EVERS, Auteur ; Ilse NOENS, Auteur ; Jean STEYAERT, Auteur ; Johan WAGEMANS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.30-47 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Vision research  Ultra-rapid categorization  Theory of mind  Reverse hierarchy theory  Developmental effects Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Previous research has suggested the presence of a reduced preference to report and spontaneously interpret the global properties of a scene picture in adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Contrary to what is seen in typically developing (TD) participants, gist perception in ASD seems to occur mostly in a more explicit manner with focused attention. The current study used a set of non-social and social ultra-rapid categorization tasks to investigate gist perception in adolescents with and without ASD. When we instructed the participants to rapidly identify briefly presented object or scene information, we found that adolescents with ASD performed worse than TD participants. These findings complemented our previous study on ultra-rapid categorization in adults with or without ASD, in which no group-level differences in gist perception were observed. When categorization specifically entailed the fast processing of socially salient information, both adolescents and adults with ASD performed worse than TD participants. The combination of these results suggests an age-dependent improvement in general categorization ability but more long-lasting difficulties in rapid social categorization in individuals with ASD. We suggest that the poorer general performance of adolescents with ASD results from a less efficient rapid processing of global semantic structure. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.05.007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292 [article] Gist perception in adolescents with and without ASD: Ultra-rapid categorization of meaningful real-life scenes [texte imprimé] / Steven VANMARCKE, Auteur ; Lotte VAN ESCH, Auteur ; Ruth VAN DER HALLEN, Auteur ; Kris EVERS, Auteur ; Ilse NOENS, Auteur ; Jean STEYAERT, Auteur ; Johan WAGEMANS, Auteur . - p.30-47. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 29-30 (September–October 2016) . - p.30-47 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Vision research  Ultra-rapid categorization  Theory of mind  Reverse hierarchy theory  Developmental effects Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Previous research has suggested the presence of a reduced preference to report and spontaneously interpret the global properties of a scene picture in adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Contrary to what is seen in typically developing (TD) participants, gist perception in ASD seems to occur mostly in a more explicit manner with focused attention. The current study used a set of non-social and social ultra-rapid categorization tasks to investigate gist perception in adolescents with and without ASD. When we instructed the participants to rapidly identify briefly presented object or scene information, we found that adolescents with ASD performed worse than TD participants. These findings complemented our previous study on ultra-rapid categorization in adults with or without ASD, in which no group-level differences in gist perception were observed. When categorization specifically entailed the fast processing of socially salient information, both adolescents and adults with ASD performed worse than TD participants. The combination of these results suggests an age-dependent improvement in general categorization ability but more long-lasting difficulties in rapid social categorization in individuals with ASD. We suggest that the poorer general performance of adolescents with ASD results from a less efficient rapid processing of global semantic structure. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.05.007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292

Hierarchical Letters in ASD: High Stimulus Variability Under Different Attentional Modes / Ruth VAN DER HALLEN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-6 (June 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-6 (June 2017) . - p.1854-1865 Titre : Hierarchical Letters in ASD: High Stimulus Variability Under Different Attentional Modes Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ruth VAN DER HALLEN, Auteur ; Steven VANMARCKE, Auteur ; Ilse NOENS, Auteur ; Johan WAGEMANS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1854-1865 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  Local–global  Vision  Hierarchical  Navon  Stimulus variability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies using hierarchical patterns to test global precedence and local–global interference in individuals with ASD have produced mixed results. The current study focused on stimulus variability and locational uncertainty, while using different attentional modes. Two groups of 44 children with and without ASD completed a divided attention task as well as a global and local selective attention task. The results revealed global-to-local and local-to-global interference in ASD, to the same extent as in the TD group. Both groups struggled with the same type of stimuli (i.e., ignoring the global level information) and performed similar in all three tasks. Future studies on (visual) information processing in ASD should pursue the impact of stimulus noise and trial-by-trial uncertainty further. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3108-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308 [article] Hierarchical Letters in ASD: High Stimulus Variability Under Different Attentional Modes [texte imprimé] / Ruth VAN DER HALLEN, Auteur ; Steven VANMARCKE, Auteur ; Ilse NOENS, Auteur ; Johan WAGEMANS, Auteur . - p.1854-1865. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-6 (June 2017) . - p.1854-1865 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  Local–global  Vision  Hierarchical  Navon  Stimulus variability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies using hierarchical patterns to test global precedence and local–global interference in individuals with ASD have produced mixed results. The current study focused on stimulus variability and locational uncertainty, while using different attentional modes. Two groups of 44 children with and without ASD completed a divided attention task as well as a global and local selective attention task. The results revealed global-to-local and local-to-global interference in ASD, to the same extent as in the TD group. Both groups struggled with the same type of stimuli (i.e., ignoring the global level information) and performed similar in all three tasks. Future studies on (visual) information processing in ASD should pursue the impact of stimulus noise and trial-by-trial uncertainty further. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3108-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308

In the Eye of the Beholder: Rapid Visual Perception of Real-Life Scenes by Young Adults with and Without ASD / Steven VANMARCKE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46-8 (August 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-8 (August 2016) . - p.2635-2652 Titre : In the Eye of the Beholder: Rapid Visual Perception of Real-Life Scenes by Young Adults with and Without ASD Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Steven VANMARCKE, Auteur ; Caitlin MULLIN, Auteur ; Ruth VAN DER HALLEN, Auteur ; Kris EVERS, Auteur ; Ilse NOENS, Auteur ; Jean STEYAERT, Auteur ; Johan WAGEMANS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2635-2652 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Rapid visual perception  Local/global processing  Open-encoding  Semantic processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Typically developing (TD) adults are able to extract global information from natural images and to categorize them within a single glance. This study aimed at extending these findings to individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using a free description open-encoding paradigm. Participants were asked to freely describe what they saw when looking at briefly presented real-life photographs. Our results show subtle but consistent group-level differences. More specifically, individuals with ASD spontaneously reported the presence of people in the display less frequently than TD participants, and they grasped the gist of the scene less well. These findings argue for a less efficient rapid feedforward processing of global semantic aspects and a less spontaneous interpretation of socially salient information in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2802-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290 [article] In the Eye of the Beholder: Rapid Visual Perception of Real-Life Scenes by Young Adults with and Without ASD [texte imprimé] / Steven VANMARCKE, Auteur ; Caitlin MULLIN, Auteur ; Ruth VAN DER HALLEN, Auteur ; Kris EVERS, Auteur ; Ilse NOENS, Auteur ; Jean STEYAERT, Auteur ; Johan WAGEMANS, Auteur . - p.2635-2652. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-8 (August 2016) . - p.2635-2652 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Rapid visual perception  Local/global processing  Open-encoding  Semantic processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Typically developing (TD) adults are able to extract global information from natural images and to categorize them within a single glance. This study aimed at extending these findings to individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using a free description open-encoding paradigm. Participants were asked to freely describe what they saw when looking at briefly presented real-life photographs. Our results show subtle but consistent group-level differences. More specifically, individuals with ASD spontaneously reported the presence of people in the display less frequently than TD participants, and they grasped the gist of the scene less well. These findings argue for a less efficient rapid feedforward processing of global semantic aspects and a less spontaneous interpretation of socially salient information in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2802-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=290

Parenting adolescents with ASD: A multimethod study / Lotte VAN ESCH in Autism Research, 11-7 (July 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.1000-1010 Titre : Parenting adolescents with ASD: A multimethod study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lotte VAN ESCH, Auteur ; Steven VANMARCKE, Auteur ; Eva CEULEMANS, Auteur ; Karla VAN LEEUWEN, Auteur ; Ilse NOENS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1000-1010 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  adolescence  observation  parenting behavior  parenting stress  questionnaire Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A number of studies have concluded that parents of children with ASD experience high levels of parenting stress. However, little is known about their parenting behaviors. Especially few studies investigated parenting in adolescence, although this period is associated with additional challenges for both adolescents and their parents. In the present study, a multi-method approach was used, combining data from a self-report questionnaire and observation of mother-child interactions during different semi-structured (e.g., inventing and building a vehicle of the future with construction toys) and structured tasks (e.g., solving marble maze). Linear mixed models (LMM) were used to compare the means of parenting behaviors among mothers of adolescents with (n = 44) and without ASD (n = 38), aged 12 to 16 years old. During the observations, mothers of adolescents with ASD showed more sensitivity and creativity, compared to the general population control group. In addition, mothers in the ASD group reported on the self-report questionnaire to adapt the environment more, for example, by establishing routines. Furthermore, this study investigated the role of maternal characteristics, that is, ASD characteristics and parenting stress. Parenting stress was associated with less self-reported positive parenting. Higher levels of ASD characteristics of the mother were related to more negativity and less sensitivity during the observation, and more self-reported harsh punishment and adapting the environment. This study additionally examined whether the impact of these maternal characteristics was the same across the two groups. Whereas group by parenting stress interaction effects were not significant for any of the observed and self-reported parenting behaviors, significant group by ASD characteristics interaction effects were noticed for self-reported harsh punishment and adapting the environment. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1000-1010. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: A number of studies have concluded that parents of children with ASD experience high levels of parenting stress. However, little is known about their parenting behaviors. Especially parenting in adolescence remains under investigated, although this period is associated with additional challenges for both adolescents and their parents. In this study, 44 adolescents with ASD and a control group of 38 adolescents without ASD, aged 12-16 years old, participated together with their mother. We compared parenting behaviors between the two groups, based on observations of mother-child interactions and a questionnaire that was filled out by the mother. During the observation, mothers of adolescents with ASD showed more sensitivity and creativity, compared to the control group. In addition, the questionnaire responses indicated that mothers in the ASD group adapted the environment more by for example, establishing routines. Furthermore, this study investigated the role of parenting stress and ASD characteristics of the mother on parenting behavior. Parenting stress was associated with less self-reported positive parenting. Higher levels of ASD characteristics of the mother were related to more negativity and less sensitivity during the observation in both groups, and more self-reported harsh punishment and adapting the environment in the control group only. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1956 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 [article] Parenting adolescents with ASD: A multimethod study [texte imprimé] / Lotte VAN ESCH, Auteur ; Steven VANMARCKE, Auteur ; Eva CEULEMANS, Auteur ; Karla VAN LEEUWEN, Auteur ; Ilse NOENS, Auteur . - p.1000-1010. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.1000-1010 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  adolescence  observation  parenting behavior  parenting stress  questionnaire Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A number of studies have concluded that parents of children with ASD experience high levels of parenting stress. However, little is known about their parenting behaviors. Especially few studies investigated parenting in adolescence, although this period is associated with additional challenges for both adolescents and their parents. In the present study, a multi-method approach was used, combining data from a self-report questionnaire and observation of mother-child interactions during different semi-structured (e.g., inventing and building a vehicle of the future with construction toys) and structured tasks (e.g., solving marble maze). Linear mixed models (LMM) were used to compare the means of parenting behaviors among mothers of adolescents with (n = 44) and without ASD (n = 38), aged 12 to 16 years old. During the observations, mothers of adolescents with ASD showed more sensitivity and creativity, compared to the general population control group. In addition, mothers in the ASD group reported on the self-report questionnaire to adapt the environment more, for example, by establishing routines. Furthermore, this study investigated the role of maternal characteristics, that is, ASD characteristics and parenting stress. Parenting stress was associated with less self-reported positive parenting. Higher levels of ASD characteristics of the mother were related to more negativity and less sensitivity during the observation, and more self-reported harsh punishment and adapting the environment. This study additionally examined whether the impact of these maternal characteristics was the same across the two groups. Whereas group by parenting stress interaction effects were not significant for any of the observed and self-reported parenting behaviors, significant group by ASD characteristics interaction effects were noticed for self-reported harsh punishment and adapting the environment. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1000-1010. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: A number of studies have concluded that parents of children with ASD experience high levels of parenting stress. However, little is known about their parenting behaviors. Especially parenting in adolescence remains under investigated, although this period is associated with additional challenges for both adolescents and their parents. In this study, 44 adolescents with ASD and a control group of 38 adolescents without ASD, aged 12-16 years old, participated together with their mother. We compared parenting behaviors between the two groups, based on observations of mother-child interactions and a questionnaire that was filled out by the mother. During the observation, mothers of adolescents with ASD showed more sensitivity and creativity, compared to the control group. In addition, the questionnaire responses indicated that mothers in the ASD group adapted the environment more by for example, establishing routines. Furthermore, this study investigated the role of parenting stress and ASD characteristics of the mother on parenting behavior. Parenting stress was associated with less self-reported positive parenting. Higher levels of ASD characteristics of the mother were related to more negativity and less sensitivity during the observation in both groups, and more self-reported harsh punishment and adapting the environment in the control group only. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1956 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366

Priming Facial Gender and Emotional Valence: The Influence of Spatial Frequency on Face Perception in ASD / Steven VANMARCKE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-4 (April 2017)  

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Spatial Frequency Priming of Scene Perception in Adolescents With and Without ASD / Steven VANMARCKE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-7 (July 2017)  

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Ultra-Rapid Categorization of Meaningful Real-Life Scenes in Adults With and Without ASD / Steven VANMARCKE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46-2 (February 2016)  

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