Dépouillements

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the treatment of children and youth with Autism Spectrum Disorders: An evidence-based systematic review / Cynthia GOLDFARB in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 29-30 (September–October 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 29-30 (September–October 2016) . - p.1-7 Titre : Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the treatment of children and youth with Autism Spectrum Disorders: An evidence-based systematic review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Cynthia GOLDFARB, Auteur ; Lisa GENORE, Auteur ; Carolyn HUNT, Auteur ; Janine FLANAGAN, Auteur ; Mark HANDLEY-DERRY, Auteur ; Anita JETHWA, Auteur ; Nicola JONES-STOKREEF, Auteur ; S. M. L. KIRKPATRICK, Auteur ; A. RICHARDS, Auteur ; Lillian ROJNICA, Auteur ; Clive SCHWARTZ, Auteur ; David SHAWN, Auteur ; Diann SUPERINA-BELL, Auteur ; Elizabeth YOUNG, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-7 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Hyperbaric oxygen therapy  Treatment  Review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a common disorder that has a complex and heterogeneous etiology. Some evidence suggests that inflammation and oxidative stress may have a pathophysiological link. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) has been proposed as a possible therapy. Because HBOT is an expensive treatment with significant commercial opportunity, it is essential for it to have a research evidence base prior to widespread use. Objective To conduct a systematic review of the literature evaluating the clinical impact of HBOT on behavior and development in ASD with a view to inform practice. Methods A literature search of electronic scientific databases focusing on clinical outcomes of HBOT in ASD was performed. Articles meeting inclusion criteria were independently assessed by reviewers and were classified according to the American Academy of Neurology Guidelines. Recommendations were made based on the evidence. Results Five articles were reviewed with data extraction. Based on the AAN Classification of Recommendations the data supported a rating of “A”, indicating that HBOT is not effective for treating children and youth with ASD. Conclusions Current evidence does not support HBOT as an effective treatment for children and youth with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.05.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292 [article] Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the treatment of children and youth with Autism Spectrum Disorders: An evidence-based systematic review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Cynthia GOLDFARB, Auteur ; Lisa GENORE, Auteur ; Carolyn HUNT, Auteur ; Janine FLANAGAN, Auteur ; Mark HANDLEY-DERRY, Auteur ; Anita JETHWA, Auteur ; Nicola JONES-STOKREEF, Auteur ; S. M. L. KIRKPATRICK, Auteur ; A. RICHARDS, Auteur ; Lillian ROJNICA, Auteur ; Clive SCHWARTZ, Auteur ; David SHAWN, Auteur ; Diann SUPERINA-BELL, Auteur ; Elizabeth YOUNG, Auteur ; Evdokia ANAGNOSTOU, Auteur . - p.1-7. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 29-30 (September–October 2016) . - p.1-7 Mots-clés : Autism  Hyperbaric oxygen therapy  Treatment  Review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a common disorder that has a complex and heterogeneous etiology. Some evidence suggests that inflammation and oxidative stress may have a pathophysiological link. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) has been proposed as a possible therapy. Because HBOT is an expensive treatment with significant commercial opportunity, it is essential for it to have a research evidence base prior to widespread use. Objective To conduct a systematic review of the literature evaluating the clinical impact of HBOT on behavior and development in ASD with a view to inform practice. Methods A literature search of electronic scientific databases focusing on clinical outcomes of HBOT in ASD was performed. Articles meeting inclusion criteria were independently assessed by reviewers and were classified according to the American Academy of Neurology Guidelines. Recommendations were made based on the evidence. Results Five articles were reviewed with data extraction. Based on the AAN Classification of Recommendations the data supported a rating of “A”, indicating that HBOT is not effective for treating children and youth with ASD. Conclusions Current evidence does not support HBOT as an effective treatment for children and youth with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.05.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292

Hope, social relations, and depressive symptoms in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder / Naomi V. EKAS in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 29-30 (September–October 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 29-30 (September–October 2016) . - p.8-18 Titre : Hope, social relations, and depressive symptoms in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Naomi V. EKAS, Auteur ; Megan M. PRUITT, Auteur ; Erin MCKAY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.8-18 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Mothers  Hope  Loneliness  Depression  Positive psychology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Raising a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may negatively impact maternal mental health outcomes. Feelings of loneliness and a lack of social support may contribute to these outcomes. One factor that may help to promote better outcomes is hope. The current study examined the associations between maternal hope, loneliness, social support, and depressive symptoms. Method Ninety-four mothers of a child with ASD participated in this online study. Mothers were predominantly Caucasian, middle class, and educated. Children ranged in age from 2 to 13 years. Mothers completed questionnaires assessing hope, loneliness, perceived social support from friends and family, and depressive symptoms. Results The results of a multiple mediator model indicated that hope agency was indirectly associated with depressive symptoms via loneliness. In a follow-up serial mediation model, hope agency was associated with depressive symptoms through family support and loneliness. Conclusions The present study contributes to the growing body of research focusing on positive personality characteristics and mental health outcomes in mothers of children with ASD. Given that increased hopeful thinking was associated with less loneliness, the construct of hope should be given more attention in interventions that are aimed at improving maternal outcomes. Increasing hopeful thinking may be particularly important in aiding with improvement during psychotherapy for mothers with clinical levels of depressive symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.05.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292 [article] Hope, social relations, and depressive symptoms in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Naomi V. EKAS, Auteur ; Megan M. PRUITT, Auteur ; Erin MCKAY, Auteur . - p.8-18. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 29-30 (September–October 2016) . - p.8-18 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Mothers  Hope  Loneliness  Depression  Positive psychology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Raising a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may negatively impact maternal mental health outcomes. Feelings of loneliness and a lack of social support may contribute to these outcomes. One factor that may help to promote better outcomes is hope. The current study examined the associations between maternal hope, loneliness, social support, and depressive symptoms. Method Ninety-four mothers of a child with ASD participated in this online study. Mothers were predominantly Caucasian, middle class, and educated. Children ranged in age from 2 to 13 years. Mothers completed questionnaires assessing hope, loneliness, perceived social support from friends and family, and depressive symptoms. Results The results of a multiple mediator model indicated that hope agency was indirectly associated with depressive symptoms via loneliness. In a follow-up serial mediation model, hope agency was associated with depressive symptoms through family support and loneliness. Conclusions The present study contributes to the growing body of research focusing on positive personality characteristics and mental health outcomes in mothers of children with ASD. Given that increased hopeful thinking was associated with less loneliness, the construct of hope should be given more attention in interventions that are aimed at improving maternal outcomes. Increasing hopeful thinking may be particularly important in aiding with improvement during psychotherapy for mothers with clinical levels of depressive symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.05.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292

Relations between specific and global outcome measures in a social-communication intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder / Anders NORDAHL-HANSEN in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 29-30 (September–October 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 29-30 (September–October 2016) . - p.19-29 Titre : Relations between specific and global outcome measures in a social-communication intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anders NORDAHL-HANSEN, Auteur ; Sue FLETCHER-WATSON, Auteur ; Helen MCCONACHIE, Auteur ; Anett KAALE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.19-29 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Social communication  Treatment  Intervention  Outcome measures  Brief observation of social communication change (BOSCC)  Children  Joint engagement Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Assessment of relevant outcomes is a key challenge in evaluating effects of social-communication interventions. However, few studies have investigated in what ways specific and more global measures may influence reported results of social-communication interventions for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this study both a specific and a global, more global autism symptom measure were used to assess effects of a brief social-communication intervention. Fifty-nine children (2–4 years) diagnosed with autistic disorder were assessed with the Joint Engagement (JE) states coding procedure and a preliminary version of the Brief Observation of Social Communication Change (BOSCC). A statistically significant difference was found between intervention and control groups from baseline to intervention endpoint on JE but not on BOSCC. Degree of change on the measures was moderately related, and both were independent of language level and non-verbal mental age. This study adds to the knowledge of what may be expected of different outcome measures and provides suggestions to how measures may be deployed to investigate underlying mechanisms and developmental pathways. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.05.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292 [article] Relations between specific and global outcome measures in a social-communication intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anders NORDAHL-HANSEN, Auteur ; Sue FLETCHER-WATSON, Auteur ; Helen MCCONACHIE, Auteur ; Anett KAALE, Auteur . - p.19-29. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 29-30 (September–October 2016) . - p.19-29 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Social communication  Treatment  Intervention  Outcome measures  Brief observation of social communication change (BOSCC)  Children  Joint engagement Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Assessment of relevant outcomes is a key challenge in evaluating effects of social-communication interventions. However, few studies have investigated in what ways specific and more global measures may influence reported results of social-communication interventions for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this study both a specific and a global, more global autism symptom measure were used to assess effects of a brief social-communication intervention. Fifty-nine children (2–4 years) diagnosed with autistic disorder were assessed with the Joint Engagement (JE) states coding procedure and a preliminary version of the Brief Observation of Social Communication Change (BOSCC). A statistically significant difference was found between intervention and control groups from baseline to intervention endpoint on JE but not on BOSCC. Degree of change on the measures was moderately related, and both were independent of language level and non-verbal mental age. This study adds to the knowledge of what may be expected of different outcome measures and provides suggestions to how measures may be deployed to investigate underlying mechanisms and developmental pathways. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.05.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292

Gist perception in adolescents with and without ASD: Ultra-rapid categorization of meaningful real-life scenes / Steven VANMARCKE in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 29-30 (September–October 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 29-30 (September–October 2016) . - p.30-47 Titre : Gist perception in adolescents with and without ASD: Ultra-rapid categorization of meaningful real-life scenes Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Steven VANMARCKE, Auteur ; Lotte VAN ESCH, Auteur ; Ruth VAN DER HALLEN, Auteur ; Kris EVERS, Auteur ; Ilse NOENS, Auteur ; Jean STEYAERT, Auteur ; Johan WAGEMANS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.30-47 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Vision research  Ultra-rapid categorization  Theory of mind  Reverse hierarchy theory  Developmental effects Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Previous research has suggested the presence of a reduced preference to report and spontaneously interpret the global properties of a scene picture in adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Contrary to what is seen in typically developing (TD) participants, gist perception in ASD seems to occur mostly in a more explicit manner with focused attention. The current study used a set of non-social and social ultra-rapid categorization tasks to investigate gist perception in adolescents with and without ASD. When we instructed the participants to rapidly identify briefly presented object or scene information, we found that adolescents with ASD performed worse than TD participants. These findings complemented our previous study on ultra-rapid categorization in adults with or without ASD, in which no group-level differences in gist perception were observed. When categorization specifically entailed the fast processing of socially salient information, both adolescents and adults with ASD performed worse than TD participants. The combination of these results suggests an age-dependent improvement in general categorization ability but more long-lasting difficulties in rapid social categorization in individuals with ASD. We suggest that the poorer general performance of adolescents with ASD results from a less efficient rapid processing of global semantic structure. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.05.007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292 [article] Gist perception in adolescents with and without ASD: Ultra-rapid categorization of meaningful real-life scenes [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Steven VANMARCKE, Auteur ; Lotte VAN ESCH, Auteur ; Ruth VAN DER HALLEN, Auteur ; Kris EVERS, Auteur ; Ilse NOENS, Auteur ; Jean STEYAERT, Auteur ; Johan WAGEMANS, Auteur . - p.30-47. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 29-30 (September–October 2016) . - p.30-47 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Vision research  Ultra-rapid categorization  Theory of mind  Reverse hierarchy theory  Developmental effects Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Previous research has suggested the presence of a reduced preference to report and spontaneously interpret the global properties of a scene picture in adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Contrary to what is seen in typically developing (TD) participants, gist perception in ASD seems to occur mostly in a more explicit manner with focused attention. The current study used a set of non-social and social ultra-rapid categorization tasks to investigate gist perception in adolescents with and without ASD. When we instructed the participants to rapidly identify briefly presented object or scene information, we found that adolescents with ASD performed worse than TD participants. These findings complemented our previous study on ultra-rapid categorization in adults with or without ASD, in which no group-level differences in gist perception were observed. When categorization specifically entailed the fast processing of socially salient information, both adolescents and adults with ASD performed worse than TD participants. The combination of these results suggests an age-dependent improvement in general categorization ability but more long-lasting difficulties in rapid social categorization in individuals with ASD. We suggest that the poorer general performance of adolescents with ASD results from a less efficient rapid processing of global semantic structure. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.05.007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292

Visual feedback increases postural stability in children with autism spectrum disorder / Eszter SOMOGYI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 29-30 (September–October 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 29-30 (September–October 2016) . - p.48-56 Titre : Visual feedback increases postural stability in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Eszter SOMOGYI, Auteur ; Eszter KAPITÁNY, Auteur ; Krisztina KENYERES, Auteur ; Nándor DONAUER, Auteur ; Jacqueline FAGARD, Auteur ; Anikó KÓNYA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.48-56 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Motor deficit  Postural control  Visually driven  Postural stability  Contingent visual feedback Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are often associated with poor motor control, which depends greatly on postural stability. Firstly, this study examined postural stability in young children with ASD, as little is known about early postural skills in this population. Children with ASD are known to depend considerably on visual cues when maintaining balance. We therefore wished to explore whether visual stimuli would in turn improve postural stability. We recruited 18 children with ASD (aged 6–11) and also 12 age-matched typically developing (TD) children. We measured their baseline postural stability and their ability to maintain balance when provided contingent visual feedback of the movements of their center of pressure. Postural performances were measured with a force platform. Baseline postural stability of children with ASD was significantly reduced compared to TD children, as indicated by higher sway scores. When provided visual feedback, children with ASD improved their balance significantly. We conclude that although deficient postural control in ASD is present in childhood, this may be improved in facilitating settings where children with ASD can rely on visual cues. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.06.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292 [article] Visual feedback increases postural stability in children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Eszter SOMOGYI, Auteur ; Eszter KAPITÁNY, Auteur ; Krisztina KENYERES, Auteur ; Nándor DONAUER, Auteur ; Jacqueline FAGARD, Auteur ; Anikó KÓNYA, Auteur . - p.48-56. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 29-30 (September–October 2016) . - p.48-56 Mots-clés : Autism  Motor deficit  Postural control  Visually driven  Postural stability  Contingent visual feedback Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are often associated with poor motor control, which depends greatly on postural stability. Firstly, this study examined postural stability in young children with ASD, as little is known about early postural skills in this population. Children with ASD are known to depend considerably on visual cues when maintaining balance. We therefore wished to explore whether visual stimuli would in turn improve postural stability. We recruited 18 children with ASD (aged 6–11) and also 12 age-matched typically developing (TD) children. We measured their baseline postural stability and their ability to maintain balance when provided contingent visual feedback of the movements of their center of pressure. Postural performances were measured with a force platform. Baseline postural stability of children with ASD was significantly reduced compared to TD children, as indicated by higher sway scores. When provided visual feedback, children with ASD improved their balance significantly. We conclude that although deficient postural control in ASD is present in childhood, this may be improved in facilitating settings where children with ASD can rely on visual cues. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.06.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292

Experience sampling of positive affect in adolescents with autism: Feasibility and preliminary findings / Megan KOVAC in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 29-30 (September–October 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 29-30 (September–October 2016) . - p.57-65 Titre : Experience sampling of positive affect in adolescents with autism: Feasibility and preliminary findings Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Megan KOVAC, Auteur ; Maya MOSNER, Auteur ; Stephanie MILLER, Auteur ; Eleanor K. HANNA, Auteur ; Gabriel S. DICHTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.57-65 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Experience sampling  Positive affect  Restricted interests Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Experience sampling is a powerful method for obtaining ecologically valid data from research participants in real-world contexts. Given the urgent need for innovative and sensitive outcome measures in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) research, the present study sought to examine the feasibility of using experience sampling of positive affect and behavior in adolescents with ASD. Method Nineteen high functioning adolescents with ASD and 20 sex and age matched controls completed smartphone- and Qualtrics® ?based experience sampling of positive affect and behavior six times over four days. Results Adherence was excellent: adolescents with ASD completed 85% of the assessments, compared to 93% in controls, and response rates were not impacted by age or IQ. Groups did not differ in positive affect overall or as a function of activities, nor did groups differ in the proportion of assessments completed during social or nonsocial activities. However, groups did differ in the proportion of assessments completed during preferred activities. Conclusions Results suggest that smartphone- and Qualtrics® ?based experience sampling with high functioning adolescents with ASD is feasible and captures real-world behaviors that would not be possible using laboratory-based measures. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.06.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292 [article] Experience sampling of positive affect in adolescents with autism: Feasibility and preliminary findings [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Megan KOVAC, Auteur ; Maya MOSNER, Auteur ; Stephanie MILLER, Auteur ; Eleanor K. HANNA, Auteur ; Gabriel S. DICHTER, Auteur . - p.57-65. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 29-30 (September–October 2016) . - p.57-65 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Experience sampling  Positive affect  Restricted interests Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Experience sampling is a powerful method for obtaining ecologically valid data from research participants in real-world contexts. Given the urgent need for innovative and sensitive outcome measures in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) research, the present study sought to examine the feasibility of using experience sampling of positive affect and behavior in adolescents with ASD. Method Nineteen high functioning adolescents with ASD and 20 sex and age matched controls completed smartphone- and Qualtrics® ?based experience sampling of positive affect and behavior six times over four days. Results Adherence was excellent: adolescents with ASD completed 85% of the assessments, compared to 93% in controls, and response rates were not impacted by age or IQ. Groups did not differ in positive affect overall or as a function of activities, nor did groups differ in the proportion of assessments completed during social or nonsocial activities. However, groups did differ in the proportion of assessments completed during preferred activities. Conclusions Results suggest that smartphone- and Qualtrics® ?based experience sampling with high functioning adolescents with ASD is feasible and captures real-world behaviors that would not be possible using laboratory-based measures. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.06.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292

Cognitive and adaptive correlates of an ADOS-derived joint attention composite / Ashley Johnson HARRISON in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 29-30 (September–October 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 29-30 (September–October 2016) . - p.66-78 Titre : Cognitive and adaptive correlates of an ADOS-derived joint attention composite Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ashley Johnson HARRISON, Auteur ; Zhenqiu LU, Auteur ; Rebecca L. MCLEAN, Auteur ; Stephen J. SHEINKOPF, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.66-78 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  Joint attention  Adaptive functioning  Cognition  ADOS Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Joint attention skills have been shown to predict language outcomes in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Less is known about the relationship between joint attention (JA) abilities in children with ASD and cognitive and adaptive abilities. In the current study, a subset of items from the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), designed to quantify JA abilities, were used to investigate social attention among an unusually large cross-sectional sample of children with ASD (n = 1061). An examination of the association between JA and a range of functional correlates (cognitive and adaptive) revealed JA was significantly related to verbal (VIQ) and non-verbal (NVIQ) cognitive ability as well as all domains of adaptive functioning (socialization, communication, and daily living skills). Additional analyses examined the degree to which the relation between adaptive abilities (socialization, communication, and daily living skills) and JA was maintained after taking into account the potentially mediating role of verbal and nonverbal cognitive ability. Results revealed that VIQ fully mediated the relation between JA and adaptive functioning, whereas the relation between these adaptive variables and JA was only partially mediated by NVIQ. Moderation analyses were also conducted to examine how verbal and non-verbal cognitive ability and gender impacted the relation between JA and adaptive functioning. In line with research showing a relation between language and JA, this indicates that while JA is significantly related to functional outcomes, this appears to be mediated specifically through a verbal cognitive pathway. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.07.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292 [article] Cognitive and adaptive correlates of an ADOS-derived joint attention composite [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ashley Johnson HARRISON, Auteur ; Zhenqiu LU, Auteur ; Rebecca L. MCLEAN, Auteur ; Stephen J. SHEINKOPF, Auteur . - p.66-78. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 29-30 (September–October 2016) . - p.66-78 Mots-clés : ASD  Joint attention  Adaptive functioning  Cognition  ADOS Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Joint attention skills have been shown to predict language outcomes in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Less is known about the relationship between joint attention (JA) abilities in children with ASD and cognitive and adaptive abilities. In the current study, a subset of items from the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), designed to quantify JA abilities, were used to investigate social attention among an unusually large cross-sectional sample of children with ASD (n = 1061). An examination of the association between JA and a range of functional correlates (cognitive and adaptive) revealed JA was significantly related to verbal (VIQ) and non-verbal (NVIQ) cognitive ability as well as all domains of adaptive functioning (socialization, communication, and daily living skills). Additional analyses examined the degree to which the relation between adaptive abilities (socialization, communication, and daily living skills) and JA was maintained after taking into account the potentially mediating role of verbal and nonverbal cognitive ability. Results revealed that VIQ fully mediated the relation between JA and adaptive functioning, whereas the relation between these adaptive variables and JA was only partially mediated by NVIQ. Moderation analyses were also conducted to examine how verbal and non-verbal cognitive ability and gender impacted the relation between JA and adaptive functioning. In line with research showing a relation between language and JA, this indicates that while JA is significantly related to functional outcomes, this appears to be mediated specifically through a verbal cognitive pathway. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.07.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292

Examination of script and non-script based narrative retellings in children with autism spectrum disorders / Elizabeth HILVERT in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 29-30 (September–October 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 29-30 (September–October 2016) . - p.79-92 Titre : Examination of script and non-script based narrative retellings in children with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elizabeth HILVERT, Auteur ; Denise DAVIDSON, Auteur ; Perla B. GÁMEZ, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.79-92 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Narrative  Autism spectrum disorders  Scripts  Theory of mind  Event schema Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Narrative production is challenging for children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), particularly in terms of creating coherent and cohesive stories. However, differences between the narratives of children with and without ASD may be attenuated when cognitive and linguistic demands are reduced. Therefore, the present study examined whether incorporating a script-framework, that structures the story around common events, reduced children's difficulties with narratives. Method This study compared the narrative abilities of children with ASD (N = 19) and neurotypical (NT; N = 26) children on a script-based and a non-script based retelling task. Narratives were coded for microstructure, macrostructure, and type of script-based story events (script, non-script). The relation between narrative and theory of mind (ToM) was also assessed. Results In comparison to their NT peers, children with ASD exhibited lower narrative production in terms of microstructure and macrostructure on both script and non-script based stories. In general, the narratives by children with ASD were less cohesive and coherent than the NT group. ToM ability and FSIQ predicted narrative coherence and cohesion in children with ASD. Moreover, examination of the script-based story revealed that children with ASD included the same number of script details as the NT children, but were less likely to include non-script details. Conclusions These findings provide evidence that narrative impairments may be present across narrative type, and that ToM ability in particular, predicts these difficulties in children with ASD. These findings have implications for common event understanding and highlight the need for early narrative intervention for children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.06.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292 [article] Examination of script and non-script based narrative retellings in children with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elizabeth HILVERT, Auteur ; Denise DAVIDSON, Auteur ; Perla B. GÁMEZ, Auteur . - p.79-92. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 29-30 (September–October 2016) . - p.79-92 Mots-clés : Narrative  Autism spectrum disorders  Scripts  Theory of mind  Event schema Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Narrative production is challenging for children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), particularly in terms of creating coherent and cohesive stories. However, differences between the narratives of children with and without ASD may be attenuated when cognitive and linguistic demands are reduced. Therefore, the present study examined whether incorporating a script-framework, that structures the story around common events, reduced children's difficulties with narratives. Method This study compared the narrative abilities of children with ASD (N = 19) and neurotypical (NT; N = 26) children on a script-based and a non-script based retelling task. Narratives were coded for microstructure, macrostructure, and type of script-based story events (script, non-script). The relation between narrative and theory of mind (ToM) was also assessed. Results In comparison to their NT peers, children with ASD exhibited lower narrative production in terms of microstructure and macrostructure on both script and non-script based stories. In general, the narratives by children with ASD were less cohesive and coherent than the NT group. ToM ability and FSIQ predicted narrative coherence and cohesion in children with ASD. Moreover, examination of the script-based story revealed that children with ASD included the same number of script details as the NT children, but were less likely to include non-script details. Conclusions These findings provide evidence that narrative impairments may be present across narrative type, and that ToM ability in particular, predicts these difficulties in children with ASD. These findings have implications for common event understanding and highlight the need for early narrative intervention for children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.06.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292

A national study to investigate the clinical use of standardised instruments in autism spectrum disorder assessment of children and adults in Scotland / Marion RUTHERFORD in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 29-30 (September–October 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 29-30 (September–October 2016) . - p.93-100 Titre : A national study to investigate the clinical use of standardised instruments in autism spectrum disorder assessment of children and adults in Scotland Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marion RUTHERFORD, Auteur ; Karen MCKENZIE, Auteur ; IAIN MCCLURE, Auteur ; Kirsty FORSYTH, Auteur ; Anne O’HARE, Auteur ; Deborah MCCARTNEY, Auteur ; Ian FINLAYSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.93-100 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  Children  Adults  Assessment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground There are few large scale studies about the nature and extent of the actual use of standardised assessments for Autism Spectrum Disorder diagnosis in clinical practice. This study compares and contrasts practice in diagnostic services for both adults and children. Method We conducted an analysis of retrospective case notes from 150 cases (70 adult, 80 children) assessed for Autism Spectrum Disorder by 16 diagnostic services. Results We found differences between adult and child services in staff training and use of standardised assessment during diagnosis. All child services had staff trained in and regularly using standardised assessments. Most adult services had staff trained in using instruments but only half used them regularly. Administration of standardised ASD assessments was ten times more likely in children than in adults (OR = 10.1; CI = 4.24, 24.0). Child services selected the ADOS as the standardised tool and adult services selected the DISCO, with very little overlap. Decisions to administer standardised tools were not based on case complexity but rather the same process was applied to all referrals within a service. The three recommended components of assessment (clinical history, clinical observation and contextual information) were included for the majority of cases, although clinical observation was more frequently used with children than with adults. Conclusions Based on the findings, we suggest a need for a wider range of appropriate assessments for use with adults, particularly those with an intellectual disability and for further research into the reasons behind the choices clinicians make during the assessment process. For child services in Scotland, there is a need for more training in use of current diagnostic interviews. Clinicians did not vary tools used based on complexity, suggesting that this is a notion still to be clearly defined and operationalised in clinical decision making about the use of standardised assessments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.05.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292 [article] A national study to investigate the clinical use of standardised instruments in autism spectrum disorder assessment of children and adults in Scotland [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marion RUTHERFORD, Auteur ; Karen MCKENZIE, Auteur ; IAIN MCCLURE, Auteur ; Kirsty FORSYTH, Auteur ; Anne O’HARE, Auteur ; Deborah MCCARTNEY, Auteur ; Ian FINLAYSON, Auteur . - p.93-100. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 29-30 (September–October 2016) . - p.93-100 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  Children  Adults  Assessment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground There are few large scale studies about the nature and extent of the actual use of standardised assessments for Autism Spectrum Disorder diagnosis in clinical practice. This study compares and contrasts practice in diagnostic services for both adults and children. Method We conducted an analysis of retrospective case notes from 150 cases (70 adult, 80 children) assessed for Autism Spectrum Disorder by 16 diagnostic services. Results We found differences between adult and child services in staff training and use of standardised assessment during diagnosis. All child services had staff trained in and regularly using standardised assessments. Most adult services had staff trained in using instruments but only half used them regularly. Administration of standardised ASD assessments was ten times more likely in children than in adults (OR = 10.1; CI = 4.24, 24.0). Child services selected the ADOS as the standardised tool and adult services selected the DISCO, with very little overlap. Decisions to administer standardised tools were not based on case complexity but rather the same process was applied to all referrals within a service. The three recommended components of assessment (clinical history, clinical observation and contextual information) were included for the majority of cases, although clinical observation was more frequently used with children than with adults. Conclusions Based on the findings, we suggest a need for a wider range of appropriate assessments for use with adults, particularly those with an intellectual disability and for further research into the reasons behind the choices clinicians make during the assessment process. For child services in Scotland, there is a need for more training in use of current diagnostic interviews. Clinicians did not vary tools used based on complexity, suggesting that this is a notion still to be clearly defined and operationalised in clinical decision making about the use of standardised assessments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.05.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=292