Behavioural and cognitive sex/gender differences in autism spectrum condition and typically developing males and females / Laura HULL in Autism, 21-6 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 21-6 (August 2017) . - p.706-727 Titre : Behavioural and cognitive sex/gender differences in autism spectrum condition and typically developing males and females Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Laura HULL, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur ; Konstantinos V. PETRIDES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.706-727 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies assessing sex/gender differences in autism spectrum conditions often fail to include typically developing control groups. It is, therefore, unclear whether observed sex/gender differences reflect those found in the general population or are particular to autism spectrum conditions. A systematic search identified articles comparing behavioural and cognitive characteristics in males and females with and without an autism spectrum condition diagnosis. A total of 13 studies were included in meta-analyses of sex/gender differences in core autism spectrum condition symptoms (social/communication impairments and restricted/repetitive behaviours and interests) and intelligence quotient. A total of 20 studies were included in a qualitative review of sex/gender differences in additional autism spectrum condition symptoms. For core traits and intelligence quotient, sex/gender differences were comparable in autism spectrum conditions and typical samples. Some additional autism spectrum condition symptoms displayed different patterns of sex/gender differences in autism spectrum conditions and typically developing groups, including measures of executive function, empathising and systemising traits, internalising and externalising problems and play behaviours. Individuals with autism spectrum conditions display typical sex/gender differences in core autism spectrum condition traits, suggesting that diagnostic criteria based on these symptoms should take into account typical sex/gender differences. However, awareness of associated autism spectrum condition symptoms should include the possibility of different male and female phenotypes, to ensure those who do not fit the ?typical? autism spectrum condition presentation are not missed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361316669087 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=311 [article] Behavioural and cognitive sex/gender differences in autism spectrum condition and typically developing males and females [texte imprimé] / Laura HULL, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur ; Konstantinos V. PETRIDES, Auteur . - p.706-727. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 21-6 (August 2017) . - p.706-727 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies assessing sex/gender differences in autism spectrum conditions often fail to include typically developing control groups. It is, therefore, unclear whether observed sex/gender differences reflect those found in the general population or are particular to autism spectrum conditions. A systematic search identified articles comparing behavioural and cognitive characteristics in males and females with and without an autism spectrum condition diagnosis. A total of 13 studies were included in meta-analyses of sex/gender differences in core autism spectrum condition symptoms (social/communication impairments and restricted/repetitive behaviours and interests) and intelligence quotient. A total of 20 studies were included in a qualitative review of sex/gender differences in additional autism spectrum condition symptoms. For core traits and intelligence quotient, sex/gender differences were comparable in autism spectrum conditions and typical samples. Some additional autism spectrum condition symptoms displayed different patterns of sex/gender differences in autism spectrum conditions and typically developing groups, including measures of executive function, empathising and systemising traits, internalising and externalising problems and play behaviours. Individuals with autism spectrum conditions display typical sex/gender differences in core autism spectrum condition traits, suggesting that diagnostic criteria based on these symptoms should take into account typical sex/gender differences. However, awareness of associated autism spectrum condition symptoms should include the possibility of different male and female phenotypes, to ensure those who do not fit the ?typical? autism spectrum condition presentation are not missed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361316669087 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=311

Cognitive Predictors of Self-Reported Camouflaging in Autistic Adolescents / Laura HULL in Autism Research, 14-3 (March 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.523-532 Titre : Cognitive Predictors of Self-Reported Camouflaging in Autistic Adolescents Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Laura HULL, Auteur ; Konstantinos V. PETRIDES, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.523-532 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescence  camouflaging  compensation  executive function  masking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Camouflaging involves masking and/or compensating for autistic characteristics and has been identified in autistic individuals through a variety of different methods. Individual variation in the extent, processes and outcomes of camouflaging has been reported in autistic adults, and there has been some investigation of camouflaging by autistic adolescents. This study was conducted to better understand how some of these individual differences emerge, by examining potential mechanisms (theory of mind, executive function, intelligence quotient and age) involved in camouflaging by 58 autistic adolescents aged 13-18 years (29 females, 29 males). Fewer executive function difficulties predicted greater use of total camouflaging strategies and the compensation subscale, but not the masking or assimilation subscales; no other predictors reached statistical significance. These findings suggest that individual differences in executive function ability may underlie variation in the use of camouflaging by adolescents. The total variance explained in the model was small, suggesting the need to examine other factors which may underpin camouflaging. The implications of this finding for the relationship between camouflaging and well-being are discussed, along with the distinction between attempts to camouflage and the efficacy of those attempts. LAY SUMMARY: Camouflaging involves hiding your autism or finding ways around difficulties in order to fit in during social situations. This study found that autistic teenagers with good executive function abilities camouflage their autism more than those who struggle with executive function (which includes planning, goal-direction and memory). This may have implications for teenagers' mental health and their social functioning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2407 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Cognitive Predictors of Self-Reported Camouflaging in Autistic Adolescents [texte imprimé] / Laura HULL, Auteur ; Konstantinos V. PETRIDES, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur . - p.523-532. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-3 (March 2021) . - p.523-532 Mots-clés : adolescence  camouflaging  compensation  executive function  masking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Camouflaging involves masking and/or compensating for autistic characteristics and has been identified in autistic individuals through a variety of different methods. Individual variation in the extent, processes and outcomes of camouflaging has been reported in autistic adults, and there has been some investigation of camouflaging by autistic adolescents. This study was conducted to better understand how some of these individual differences emerge, by examining potential mechanisms (theory of mind, executive function, intelligence quotient and age) involved in camouflaging by 58 autistic adolescents aged 13-18 years (29 females, 29 males). Fewer executive function difficulties predicted greater use of total camouflaging strategies and the compensation subscale, but not the masking or assimilation subscales; no other predictors reached statistical significance. These findings suggest that individual differences in executive function ability may underlie variation in the use of camouflaging by adolescents. The total variance explained in the model was small, suggesting the need to examine other factors which may underpin camouflaging. The implications of this finding for the relationship between camouflaging and well-being are discussed, along with the distinction between attempts to camouflage and the efficacy of those attempts. LAY SUMMARY: Camouflaging involves hiding your autism or finding ways around difficulties in order to fit in during social situations. This study found that autistic teenagers with good executive function abilities camouflage their autism more than those who struggle with executive function (which includes planning, goal-direction and memory). This may have implications for teenagers' mental health and their social functioning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2407 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

A comparison of the trait emotional intelligence profiles of individuals with and without Asperger syndrome / Konstantinos V. PETRIDES in Autism, 15-6 (November 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 15-6 (November 2011) . - p.671-682 Titre : A comparison of the trait emotional intelligence profiles of individuals with and without Asperger syndrome Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Konstantinos V. PETRIDES, Auteur ; Kristelle HUDRY, Auteur ; Georgia MICHALARIA, Auteur ; Viren SWAMI, Auteur ; Nick SEVDALIS, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.671-682 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asperger syndrome  trait emotional self-efficacy  personality  insight  TEIQue Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The extent to which the socioemotional impairments of Asperger syndrome (AS) might be extreme manifestations of individual differences within the general population remains under-explored. We compared the trait emotional intelligence (trait EI) profiles of 30 individuals with AS against the profiles of 43 group-matched controls using the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue). Participants with AS scored significantly lower than controls on 12 of the 15 TEIQue facets (ηp² = 0.09 to 0.49) as well as on all four factors and the global score of the construct (ηp² = 0.07 to 0.41). There was a significant main effect of gender, with men generally scoring higher than women. Results are discussed from the perspective of trait EI theory, with emphasis on its implications for the socioemotional impairments associated with AS. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361310397217 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148 [article] A comparison of the trait emotional intelligence profiles of individuals with and without Asperger syndrome [texte imprimé] / Konstantinos V. PETRIDES, Auteur ; Kristelle HUDRY, Auteur ; Georgia MICHALARIA, Auteur ; Viren SWAMI, Auteur ; Nick SEVDALIS, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.671-682. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 15-6 (November 2011) . - p.671-682 Mots-clés : Asperger syndrome  trait emotional self-efficacy  personality  insight  TEIQue Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The extent to which the socioemotional impairments of Asperger syndrome (AS) might be extreme manifestations of individual differences within the general population remains under-explored. We compared the trait emotional intelligence (trait EI) profiles of 30 individuals with AS against the profiles of 43 group-matched controls using the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue). Participants with AS scored significantly lower than controls on 12 of the 15 TEIQue facets (ηp² = 0.09 to 0.49) as well as on all four factors and the global score of the construct (ηp² = 0.07 to 0.41). There was a significant main effect of gender, with men generally scoring higher than women. Results are discussed from the perspective of trait EI theory, with emphasis on its implications for the socioemotional impairments associated with AS. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361310397217 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=148

Development and Validation of the Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT-Q) / Laura HULL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-3 (March 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-3 (March 2019) . - p.819-833 Titre : Development and Validation of the Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT-Q) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Laura HULL, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Paula SMITH, Auteur ; Konstantinos V. PETRIDES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.819-833 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Camouflaging  Compensation  Coping Strategies  Masking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There currently exist no self-report measures of social camouflaging behaviours (strategies used to compensate for or mask autistic characteristics during social interactions). The Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT-Q) was developed from autistic adults' experiences of camouflaging, and was administered online to 354 autistic and 478 non-autistic adults. Exploratory factor analysis suggested three factors, comprising of 25 items in total. Good model fit was demonstrated through confirmatory factor analysis, with measurement invariance analyses demonstrating equivalent factor structures across gender and diagnostic group. Internal consistency (alpha = 0.94) and preliminary test-retest reliability (r = 0.77) were acceptable. Convergent validity was demonstrated through comparison with measures of autistic traits, wellbeing, anxiety, and depression. The present study provides robust psychometric support for the CAT-Q. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3792-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=386 [article] Development and Validation of the Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT-Q) [texte imprimé] / Laura HULL, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Paula SMITH, Auteur ; Konstantinos V. PETRIDES, Auteur . - p.819-833. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-3 (March 2019) . - p.819-833 Mots-clés : Autism  Camouflaging  Compensation  Coping Strategies  Masking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There currently exist no self-report measures of social camouflaging behaviours (strategies used to compensate for or mask autistic characteristics during social interactions). The Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT-Q) was developed from autistic adults' experiences of camouflaging, and was administered online to 354 autistic and 478 non-autistic adults. Exploratory factor analysis suggested three factors, comprising of 25 items in total. Good model fit was demonstrated through confirmatory factor analysis, with measurement invariance analyses demonstrating equivalent factor structures across gender and diagnostic group. Internal consistency (alpha = 0.94) and preliminary test-retest reliability (r = 0.77) were acceptable. Convergent validity was demonstrated through comparison with measures of autistic traits, wellbeing, anxiety, and depression. The present study provides robust psychometric support for the CAT-Q. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3792-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=386

Gender differences in self-reported camouflaging in autistic and non-autistic adults / Laura HULL in Autism, 24-2 (February 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-2 (February 2020) . - p.352-363 Titre : Gender differences in self-reported camouflaging in autistic and non-autistic adults Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Laura HULL, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Paula SMITH, Auteur ; Konstantinos V. PETRIDES, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.352-363 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adult  autism  camouflaging  compensation  females  gender differences  masking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social camouflaging describes the use of strategies to compensate for and mask autistic characteristics during social interactions. A newly developed self-reported measure of camouflaging (Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire) was used in an online survey to measure gender differences in autistic (n = 306) and non-autistic adults (n = 472) without intellectual disability for the first time. Controlling for age and autistic-like traits, an interaction between gender and diagnostic status was found: autistic females demonstrated higher total camouflaging scores than autistic males (partial eta(2) = 0.08), but there was no camouflaging gender difference for non-autistic people. Autistic females scored higher than males on two of three Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire subscales: Masking (partial eta(2) = 0.05) and Assimilation (partial eta(2) = 0.06), but not on the Compensation subscale. No differences were found between non-autistic males and females on any subscale. No differences were found between non-binary individuals and other genders in either autistic or non-autistic groups, although samples were underpowered. These findings support previous observations of greater camouflaging in autistic females than males and demonstrate for the first time no self-reported gender difference in non-autistic adults. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319864804 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 [article] Gender differences in self-reported camouflaging in autistic and non-autistic adults [texte imprimé] / Laura HULL, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Paula SMITH, Auteur ; Konstantinos V. PETRIDES, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur . - p.352-363. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-2 (February 2020) . - p.352-363 Mots-clés : adult  autism  camouflaging  compensation  females  gender differences  masking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social camouflaging describes the use of strategies to compensate for and mask autistic characteristics during social interactions. A newly developed self-reported measure of camouflaging (Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire) was used in an online survey to measure gender differences in autistic (n = 306) and non-autistic adults (n = 472) without intellectual disability for the first time. Controlling for age and autistic-like traits, an interaction between gender and diagnostic status was found: autistic females demonstrated higher total camouflaging scores than autistic males (partial eta(2) = 0.08), but there was no camouflaging gender difference for non-autistic people. Autistic females scored higher than males on two of three Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire subscales: Masking (partial eta(2) = 0.05) and Assimilation (partial eta(2) = 0.06), but not on the Compensation subscale. No differences were found between non-autistic males and females on any subscale. No differences were found between non-binary individuals and other genders in either autistic or non-autistic groups, although samples were underpowered. These findings support previous observations of greater camouflaging in autistic females than males and demonstrate for the first time no self-reported gender difference in non-autistic adults. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319864804 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415

Is social camouflaging associated with anxiety and depression in autistic adults? / Laura HULL in Molecular Autism, 12 (2021)  

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“Putting on My Best Normal”: Social Camouflaging in Adults with Autism Spectrum Conditions / Laura HULL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-8 (August 2017)  

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"Revêtir ma meilleure panoplie de normalité" : camouflage social chez les adultes présentant une condition du spectre autistique / Laura HULL in Approche Neuropsychologique des Apprentissages chez l'Enfant - A.N.A.E., 150 (Novembre/Décembre 2017)

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The contribution of callous-unemotional traits and conduct problems to bullying in early adolescence / Essi VIDING in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-4 (April 2009)  

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Theory of Mind and Executive Control Deficits in Typically Developing Adults and Adolescents with High Levels of Autism Traits / Elif GÖKÇEN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46-6 (June 2016)  

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