Age group differences in executive network functional connectivity and relationships with social behavior in men with autism spectrum disorder / Melissa J. M. WALSH in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 63 (July 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 63 (July 2019) . - p.63-77 Titre : Age group differences in executive network functional connectivity and relationships with social behavior in men with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Melissa J. M. WALSH, Auteur ; Leslie C. BAXTER, Auteur ; Christopher J. SMITH, Auteur ; B. Blair BRADEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.63-77 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Aging  Autism Spectrum Disorder  fMRI  Social behavior  Executive network  Executive functions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Research suggests adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may use executive functions to compensate for social difficulties. Given hallmark age-related declines in executive functioning and the executive brain network in normal aging, there is concern that older adults with ASD may experience further declines in social functioning as they age. In a male-only sample, we hypothesized: 1) older adults with ASD would demonstrate greater ASD-related social behavior than young adults with ASD, 2) adults with ASD would demonstrate a greater age group reduction in connectivity of the executive brain network than neurotypical (NT) adults, and 3) that behavioral and neural mechanisms of executive functioning would predict ASD-related social difficulties in adults with ASD. Methods Participants were a cross-sectional sample of non-intellectually disabled young (ages 18–25) and middle-aged (ages 40-70) adult men with ASD and NT development (young adult ASD: n?=?24; middle-age ASD: n?=?25; young adult NT: n?=?15; middle-age NT: n?=?21). We assessed ASD-related social behavior via the self-report Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (SRS-2) Total Score, with exploratory analyses of the Social Cognition Subscale. We assessed neural executive function via connectivity of the resting-state executive network (EN) as measured by independent component analysis. Correlations were investigated between SRS-2 Total Scores (with exploratory analyses of the Social Cognition Subscale), EN functional connectivity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), and a behavioral measure of executive function, Tower of London (ToL) Total Moves. Results We did not confirm a significant age group difference for adults with ASD on the SRS-2 Total Score; however, exploratory analysis revealed middle-age men with ASD had higher scores on the SRS-2 Social Cognition Subscale than young adult men with ASD. Exacerbated age group reductions in EN functional connectivity were confirmed (left dlPFC) in men with ASD compared to NT, such that older adults with ASD demonstrated the greatest levels of hypoconnectivity. A significant correlation was confirmed between dlPFC connectivity and the SRS-2 Total Score in middle-age men with ASD, but not young adult men with ASD. Furthermore, exploratory analysis revealed a significant correlation with the SRS-2 Social Cognition Subscale for young and middle-aged ASD groups and ToL Total Moves. Conclusion Our findings suggest that ASD-related difficulties in social cognition and EN hypoconnectivity may get worse with age in men with ASD and is related to executive functioning. Further, exacerbated EN hypoconnectivity associated with older age in ASD may be a mechanism of increased ASD-related social cognition difficulties in older adults with ASD. Given the cross-sectional nature of this sample, longitudinal replication is needed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.02.008 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=394 [article] Age group differences in executive network functional connectivity and relationships with social behavior in men with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Melissa J. M. WALSH, Auteur ; Leslie C. BAXTER, Auteur ; Christopher J. SMITH, Auteur ; B. Blair BRADEN, Auteur . - p.63-77. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 63 (July 2019) . - p.63-77 Mots-clés : Aging  Autism Spectrum Disorder  fMRI  Social behavior  Executive network  Executive functions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Research suggests adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may use executive functions to compensate for social difficulties. Given hallmark age-related declines in executive functioning and the executive brain network in normal aging, there is concern that older adults with ASD may experience further declines in social functioning as they age. In a male-only sample, we hypothesized: 1) older adults with ASD would demonstrate greater ASD-related social behavior than young adults with ASD, 2) adults with ASD would demonstrate a greater age group reduction in connectivity of the executive brain network than neurotypical (NT) adults, and 3) that behavioral and neural mechanisms of executive functioning would predict ASD-related social difficulties in adults with ASD. Methods Participants were a cross-sectional sample of non-intellectually disabled young (ages 18–25) and middle-aged (ages 40-70) adult men with ASD and NT development (young adult ASD: n?=?24; middle-age ASD: n?=?25; young adult NT: n?=?15; middle-age NT: n?=?21). We assessed ASD-related social behavior via the self-report Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (SRS-2) Total Score, with exploratory analyses of the Social Cognition Subscale. We assessed neural executive function via connectivity of the resting-state executive network (EN) as measured by independent component analysis. Correlations were investigated between SRS-2 Total Scores (with exploratory analyses of the Social Cognition Subscale), EN functional connectivity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), and a behavioral measure of executive function, Tower of London (ToL) Total Moves. Results We did not confirm a significant age group difference for adults with ASD on the SRS-2 Total Score; however, exploratory analysis revealed middle-age men with ASD had higher scores on the SRS-2 Social Cognition Subscale than young adult men with ASD. Exacerbated age group reductions in EN functional connectivity were confirmed (left dlPFC) in men with ASD compared to NT, such that older adults with ASD demonstrated the greatest levels of hypoconnectivity. A significant correlation was confirmed between dlPFC connectivity and the SRS-2 Total Score in middle-age men with ASD, but not young adult men with ASD. Furthermore, exploratory analysis revealed a significant correlation with the SRS-2 Social Cognition Subscale for young and middle-aged ASD groups and ToL Total Moves. Conclusion Our findings suggest that ASD-related difficulties in social cognition and EN hypoconnectivity may get worse with age in men with ASD and is related to executive functioning. Further, exacerbated EN hypoconnectivity associated with older age in ASD may be a mechanism of increased ASD-related social cognition difficulties in older adults with ASD. Given the cross-sectional nature of this sample, longitudinal replication is needed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.02.008 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=394

App-based meditation habits maintain reductions in depression symptoms among autistic adults / Chad STECHER in Autism, 28-6 (June 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-6 (June 2024) . - p.1487-1502 Titre : App-based meditation habits maintain reductions in depression symptoms among autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Chad STECHER, Auteur ; Broc A. PAGNI, Auteur ; Sara CLOONAN, Auteur ; Schuyler VINK, Auteur ; Ethan HILL, Auteur ; Destiny OGBEAMA, Auteur ; Shanna DELANEY, Auteur ; B. Blair BRADEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1487-1502 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anchoring  depression  meditation  mindfulness  mobile health Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Mobile app-based meditation is an effective self-care solution for depression, but limited evidence exists for the long-term benefits among autistic adults, who are at increased risk of experiencing depression. The primary goal of this study was to examine the feasibility and effectiveness of incorporating habit training into an app-based meditation intervention to maintain reductions in depressive symptoms among autistic adults. Participants were randomized to an App Only (who only received access to the meditation app), App?+?Habit Training (who received the meditation app and instructions for anchoring their app-based meditation to an existing routine), or a waitlist control group. All participants completed questionnaires at baseline, post-intervention, and 6 months post-intervention, and responded to SMS ecological momentary assessments regarding their meditation practice during the 8-week intervention and an 8-week follow-up period. The results show that the App?+?Habit Training group reported significantly more days with meditation per week during and after the intervention (p < 0.05) and also experienced a larger decrease in depression symptoms post-intervention and 6 months later (p < 0.05) relative to the control group. These findings demonstrate that app-based meditation habits are an effective self-care solution for autistic adults with depression, and anchoring is a promising strategy for establishing other healthy habits among autistic adults. Lay Abstract Existing research has identified an increased risk of depression among autistic adults, which can negatively impact their adaptive functioning abilities and socioeconomic outcomes. Mobile app-based meditation is a feasible, accessible, and effective self-care solution for depression among neurotypical adults, but there is limited evidence for the long-term benefits of app-based meditation among autistic adults. Habits are a key behavioral strategy for maintaining behavior change, and anchoring is one effective habit formation intervention that has yet to be tested among autistic adults. This study demonstrates that it is both feasible and effective to integrate the anchoring habit formation strategy into an app-based meditation intervention for establishing meditation habits among autistic adults. In addition, the study shows that app-based meditation habits were successful at maintaining reductions in depressive symptoms over 6 months. These results demonstrate the power of anchoring-based habit formation interventions for establishing healthy habits among autistic adults, which offers a promising behavioral intervention technique for establishing other healthy habits among autistic adults. The study also shows that app-based meditation habits are an effective long-term self-care solution for managing depressive symptoms among autistic adults that should be used by mental health providers and policymakers. Future research should test this combined anchoring and app-based meditation intervention technique among larger samples of autistic adults and over longer durations to better understand the mechanisms underlying the success of this intervention. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231200679 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=529 [article] App-based meditation habits maintain reductions in depression symptoms among autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Chad STECHER, Auteur ; Broc A. PAGNI, Auteur ; Sara CLOONAN, Auteur ; Schuyler VINK, Auteur ; Ethan HILL, Auteur ; Destiny OGBEAMA, Auteur ; Shanna DELANEY, Auteur ; B. Blair BRADEN, Auteur . - p.1487-1502. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-6 (June 2024) . - p.1487-1502 Mots-clés : anchoring  depression  meditation  mindfulness  mobile health Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Mobile app-based meditation is an effective self-care solution for depression, but limited evidence exists for the long-term benefits among autistic adults, who are at increased risk of experiencing depression. The primary goal of this study was to examine the feasibility and effectiveness of incorporating habit training into an app-based meditation intervention to maintain reductions in depressive symptoms among autistic adults. Participants were randomized to an App Only (who only received access to the meditation app), App?+?Habit Training (who received the meditation app and instructions for anchoring their app-based meditation to an existing routine), or a waitlist control group. All participants completed questionnaires at baseline, post-intervention, and 6 months post-intervention, and responded to SMS ecological momentary assessments regarding their meditation practice during the 8-week intervention and an 8-week follow-up period. The results show that the App?+?Habit Training group reported significantly more days with meditation per week during and after the intervention (p < 0.05) and also experienced a larger decrease in depression symptoms post-intervention and 6 months later (p < 0.05) relative to the control group. These findings demonstrate that app-based meditation habits are an effective self-care solution for autistic adults with depression, and anchoring is a promising strategy for establishing other healthy habits among autistic adults. Lay Abstract Existing research has identified an increased risk of depression among autistic adults, which can negatively impact their adaptive functioning abilities and socioeconomic outcomes. Mobile app-based meditation is a feasible, accessible, and effective self-care solution for depression among neurotypical adults, but there is limited evidence for the long-term benefits of app-based meditation among autistic adults. Habits are a key behavioral strategy for maintaining behavior change, and anchoring is one effective habit formation intervention that has yet to be tested among autistic adults. This study demonstrates that it is both feasible and effective to integrate the anchoring habit formation strategy into an app-based meditation intervention for establishing meditation habits among autistic adults. In addition, the study shows that app-based meditation habits were successful at maintaining reductions in depressive symptoms over 6 months. These results demonstrate the power of anchoring-based habit formation interventions for establishing healthy habits among autistic adults, which offers a promising behavioral intervention technique for establishing other healthy habits among autistic adults. The study also shows that app-based meditation habits are an effective long-term self-care solution for managing depressive symptoms among autistic adults that should be used by mental health providers and policymakers. Future research should test this combined anchoring and app-based meditation intervention technique among larger samples of autistic adults and over longer durations to better understand the mechanisms underlying the success of this intervention. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231200679 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=529

Effects of age on the hippocampus and verbal memory in adults with autism spectrum disorder: Longitudinal versus cross-sectional findings / Broc A. PAGNI in Autism Research, 15-10 (October 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-10 (October 2022) . - p.1810-1823 Titre : Effects of age on the hippocampus and verbal memory in adults with autism spectrum disorder: Longitudinal versus cross-sectional findings Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Broc A. PAGNI, Auteur ; Melissa J. M. WALSH, Auteur ; Edward OFORI, Auteur ; Kewei CHEN, Auteur ; Georgia SULLIVAN, Auteur ; Jocelyn ALVAR, Auteur ; Leanna MONAHAN, Auteur ; Nicolas GUERITHAULT, Auteur ; Shanna DELANEY, Auteur ; B. Blair BRADEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1810-1823 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : aging/ASD in adults  executive  functioning  hippocampus  longitudinal data analysis  magnetic resonance imaging - structural  memory  neuroimaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research studying aging in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is growing, but longitudinal work is needed. Autistic adults have increased risk of dementia, altered hippocampal volumes and fornix integrity, and verbal memory difficulties compared with neurotypical (NT) adults. This study examined longitudinal aging in middle-age adults with ASD versus a matched NT group, and compared findings with cross-sectional age effects across a broad adult age range. Participants were 194 adults with (n = 106; 74 male) and without (n = 88; 52 male) ASD, ages 18-71. Participants (n = 45; 40-70 age range) with two visits (2-3 years apart) were included in a longitudinal analysis. Hippocampal volume, fornix fractional anisotropy (FA), and verbal memory were measured via T1-weighted MRI, diffusion tensor imaging, and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, respectively. Longitudinal mixed models were used for hippocampal system variables and reliable change index categories were used for Auditory Verbal Learning Test analyses. Multivariate regression was used for cross-sectional analyses. Middle-age adults with ASD had greater longitudinal hippocampal volume loss and were more likely to show clinically meaningful decline in short-term memory, compared with NT. In contrast, cross-sectional associations between increasing age and worsening short-term memory were identified in NT, but not autistic adults. Reduced fornix FA and long-term memory in ASD were found across the broad cross-sectional age range. These preliminary longitudinal findings suggest accelerated hippocampal volume loss in ASD and slightly higher rates of clinically-meaningful decline in verbal short-term memory. Contradictory cross-sectional and longitudinal results underscore the importance of longitudinal aging research in autistic adults. LAY SUMMARY: Autistic adults have increased risk of dementia, differences in brain memory structures, and difficulty with memory compared with neurotypical (NT) adults. However, there are no publications that follow the same middle-age autistic adults over time to see how their brain and memory change. Our preliminary findings in a small middle-age autism sample suggest a key memory brain structure, the hippocampus, may shrink faster over 2-3 years compared with NT, and short-term memory may become more challenging for some. Across a broad adult range, autistic adults also had reduced integrity of connections to the hippocampus and greater challenges with long-term memory. In our larger sample across a broad age range, the results did not hint at this aforementioned pattern of accelerated aging. This underscores the importance of more aging research in autism, and especially research where people are followed over time. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2797 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=488 [article] Effects of age on the hippocampus and verbal memory in adults with autism spectrum disorder: Longitudinal versus cross-sectional findings [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Broc A. PAGNI, Auteur ; Melissa J. M. WALSH, Auteur ; Edward OFORI, Auteur ; Kewei CHEN, Auteur ; Georgia SULLIVAN, Auteur ; Jocelyn ALVAR, Auteur ; Leanna MONAHAN, Auteur ; Nicolas GUERITHAULT, Auteur ; Shanna DELANEY, Auteur ; B. Blair BRADEN, Auteur . - p.1810-1823. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-10 (October 2022) . - p.1810-1823 Mots-clés : aging/ASD in adults  executive  functioning  hippocampus  longitudinal data analysis  magnetic resonance imaging - structural  memory  neuroimaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research studying aging in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is growing, but longitudinal work is needed. Autistic adults have increased risk of dementia, altered hippocampal volumes and fornix integrity, and verbal memory difficulties compared with neurotypical (NT) adults. This study examined longitudinal aging in middle-age adults with ASD versus a matched NT group, and compared findings with cross-sectional age effects across a broad adult age range. Participants were 194 adults with (n = 106; 74 male) and without (n = 88; 52 male) ASD, ages 18-71. Participants (n = 45; 40-70 age range) with two visits (2-3 years apart) were included in a longitudinal analysis. Hippocampal volume, fornix fractional anisotropy (FA), and verbal memory were measured via T1-weighted MRI, diffusion tensor imaging, and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, respectively. Longitudinal mixed models were used for hippocampal system variables and reliable change index categories were used for Auditory Verbal Learning Test analyses. Multivariate regression was used for cross-sectional analyses. Middle-age adults with ASD had greater longitudinal hippocampal volume loss and were more likely to show clinically meaningful decline in short-term memory, compared with NT. In contrast, cross-sectional associations between increasing age and worsening short-term memory were identified in NT, but not autistic adults. Reduced fornix FA and long-term memory in ASD were found across the broad cross-sectional age range. These preliminary longitudinal findings suggest accelerated hippocampal volume loss in ASD and slightly higher rates of clinically-meaningful decline in verbal short-term memory. Contradictory cross-sectional and longitudinal results underscore the importance of longitudinal aging research in autistic adults. LAY SUMMARY: Autistic adults have increased risk of dementia, differences in brain memory structures, and difficulty with memory compared with neurotypical (NT) adults. However, there are no publications that follow the same middle-age autistic adults over time to see how their brain and memory change. Our preliminary findings in a small middle-age autism sample suggest a key memory brain structure, the hippocampus, may shrink faster over 2-3 years compared with NT, and short-term memory may become more challenging for some. Across a broad adult range, autistic adults also had reduced integrity of connections to the hippocampus and greater challenges with long-term memory. In our larger sample across a broad age range, the results did not hint at this aforementioned pattern of accelerated aging. This underscores the importance of more aging research in autism, and especially research where people are followed over time. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2797 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=488

Executive function and functional and structural brain differences in middle-age adults with autism spectrum disorder / B. Blair BRADEN in Autism Research, 10-12 (December 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-12 (December 2017) . - p.1945-1959 Titre : Executive function and functional and structural brain differences in middle-age adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : B. Blair BRADEN, Auteur ; Christopher J. SMITH, Auteur ; Amiee THOMPSON, Auteur ; Tyler K. GLASPY, Auteur ; Emily WOOD, Auteur ; Divya VATSA, Auteur ; Angela E. ABBOTT, Auteur ; Samuel C. MCGEE, Auteur ; Leslie C. BAXTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1945-1959 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  aging  executive function  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)  functional connectivity  diffusion tensor imaging  hippocampus  working memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is a rapidly growing group of aging adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who may have unique needs, yet cognitive and brain function in older adults with ASD is understudied. We combined functional and structural neuroimaging and neuropsychological tests to examine differences between middle-aged men with ASD and matched neurotypical (NT) men. Participants (ASD, n?=?16; NT, n?=?17) aged 40–64 years were well-matched according to age, IQ (range: 83–131), and education (range: 9–20 years). Middle-age adults with ASD made more errors on an executive function task (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test) but performed similarly to NT adults on tests of delayed verbal memory (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test) and local visual search (Embedded Figures Task). Independent component analysis of a functional MRI working memory task (n-back) completed by most participants (ASD?=?14, NT?=?17) showed decreased engagement of a cortico-striatal-thalamic-cortical neural network in older adults with ASD. Structurally, older adults with ASD had reduced bilateral hippocampal volumes, as measured by FreeSurfer. Findings expand our understanding of ASD as a lifelong condition with persistent cognitive and functional and structural brain differences evident at middle-age. Autism Res 2017, 10: 1945–1959. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary We compared cognitive abilities and brain measures between 16 middle-age men with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 17 typical middle-age men to better understand how aging affects an older group of adults with ASD. Men with ASD made more errors on a test involving flexible thinking, had less activity in a flexible thinking brain network, and had smaller volume of a brain structure related to memory than typical men. We will follow these older adults over time to determine if aging changes are greater for individuals with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1842 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=323 [article] Executive function and functional and structural brain differences in middle-age adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / B. Blair BRADEN, Auteur ; Christopher J. SMITH, Auteur ; Amiee THOMPSON, Auteur ; Tyler K. GLASPY, Auteur ; Emily WOOD, Auteur ; Divya VATSA, Auteur ; Angela E. ABBOTT, Auteur ; Samuel C. MCGEE, Auteur ; Leslie C. BAXTER, Auteur . - p.1945-1959. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-12 (December 2017) . - p.1945-1959 Mots-clés : autism  aging  executive function  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)  functional connectivity  diffusion tensor imaging  hippocampus  working memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is a rapidly growing group of aging adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who may have unique needs, yet cognitive and brain function in older adults with ASD is understudied. We combined functional and structural neuroimaging and neuropsychological tests to examine differences between middle-aged men with ASD and matched neurotypical (NT) men. Participants (ASD, n?=?16; NT, n?=?17) aged 40–64 years were well-matched according to age, IQ (range: 83–131), and education (range: 9–20 years). Middle-age adults with ASD made more errors on an executive function task (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test) but performed similarly to NT adults on tests of delayed verbal memory (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test) and local visual search (Embedded Figures Task). Independent component analysis of a functional MRI working memory task (n-back) completed by most participants (ASD?=?14, NT?=?17) showed decreased engagement of a cortico-striatal-thalamic-cortical neural network in older adults with ASD. Structurally, older adults with ASD had reduced bilateral hippocampal volumes, as measured by FreeSurfer. Findings expand our understanding of ASD as a lifelong condition with persistent cognitive and functional and structural brain differences evident at middle-age. Autism Res 2017, 10: 1945–1959. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary We compared cognitive abilities and brain measures between 16 middle-age men with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 17 typical middle-age men to better understand how aging affects an older group of adults with ASD. Men with ASD made more errors on a test involving flexible thinking, had less activity in a flexible thinking brain network, and had smaller volume of a brain structure related to memory than typical men. We will follow these older adults over time to determine if aging changes are greater for individuals with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1842 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=323

Telomere Length and Autism Spectrum Disorder Within the Family: Relationships With Cognition and Sensory Symptoms / Candace R. LEWIS in Autism Research, 13-7 (July 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-7 (July 2020) . - p.1094-1101 Titre : Telomere Length and Autism Spectrum Disorder Within the Family: Relationships With Cognition and Sensory Symptoms Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Candace R. LEWIS, Auteur ; Francis TAGUINOD, Auteur ; Wayne M. JEPSEN, Auteur ; Jorey COHEN, Auteur ; Komal AGRAWAL, Auteur ; Matthew J. HUENTELMAN, Auteur ; Christopher J. SMITH, Auteur ; Shannon D. R. RINGENBACH, Auteur ; B. Blair BRADEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1094-1101 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  cognition  sensory  telomere Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Telomeres are repetitive noncoding deoxynucleotide sequences that cap chromosomes to protect DNA. Telomere length (TL) is affected by both genetic and environmental factors, and shortening of telomeres is associated with multiple neuropsychiatric disorders, early life stress, and age-related cognitive dysfunction. Two previous studies associated shorter TL with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We aimed to replicate this finding, describe TL in unaffected siblings, and explore novel relationships with symptoms and cognitive function in families with ASD. Participants were 212 male children and adolescents ages 1-17?years (86 with ASD, 57 unaffected siblings, and 69 typically developing [TD]) and 64 parents. TL was measured from blood leukocytes with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and results are expressed by relative ratios with a single copy gene. We replicated that children and adolescents with ASD have shorter TL, compared to TD, and show that unaffected siblings have TL in between those of TD and ASD. We present novel associations between TL and sensory symptoms in ASD. Finally, we demonstrate cognitive functions, but not autistic traits, are related to TL in parents of children with ASD. Cognitive function and TL were not related in children and adolescents. As the third replication, our results elicit confidence in the finding that ASD is associated with shorter TL. Our novel sensory investigation suggests that shortened TL may be a biological mechanism of sensory symptoms in ASD. Furthermore, results highlight the need to better understand relationships between cognition, aging, and TL in families with ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1094-1101. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Telomeres cap chromosomes to protect DNA. They progressively shorten as people age and are related to health outcomes. We replicated previous findings that children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have shorter telomeres, compared to typically developing (TD), and show that unaffected siblings have telomere length (TL) in between those of TD and ASD. We find shortened TL is related to more severe sensory symptoms. This may mean families with ASD, especially those with elevated sensory symptoms, are at risk for worse age-related health outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2307 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=429 [article] Telomere Length and Autism Spectrum Disorder Within the Family: Relationships With Cognition and Sensory Symptoms [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Candace R. LEWIS, Auteur ; Francis TAGUINOD, Auteur ; Wayne M. JEPSEN, Auteur ; Jorey COHEN, Auteur ; Komal AGRAWAL, Auteur ; Matthew J. HUENTELMAN, Auteur ; Christopher J. SMITH, Auteur ; Shannon D. R. RINGENBACH, Auteur ; B. Blair BRADEN, Auteur . - p.1094-1101. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-7 (July 2020) . - p.1094-1101 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  cognition  sensory  telomere Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Telomeres are repetitive noncoding deoxynucleotide sequences that cap chromosomes to protect DNA. Telomere length (TL) is affected by both genetic and environmental factors, and shortening of telomeres is associated with multiple neuropsychiatric disorders, early life stress, and age-related cognitive dysfunction. Two previous studies associated shorter TL with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We aimed to replicate this finding, describe TL in unaffected siblings, and explore novel relationships with symptoms and cognitive function in families with ASD. Participants were 212 male children and adolescents ages 1-17?years (86 with ASD, 57 unaffected siblings, and 69 typically developing [TD]) and 64 parents. TL was measured from blood leukocytes with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and results are expressed by relative ratios with a single copy gene. We replicated that children and adolescents with ASD have shorter TL, compared to TD, and show that unaffected siblings have TL in between those of TD and ASD. We present novel associations between TL and sensory symptoms in ASD. Finally, we demonstrate cognitive functions, but not autistic traits, are related to TL in parents of children with ASD. Cognitive function and TL were not related in children and adolescents. As the third replication, our results elicit confidence in the finding that ASD is associated with shorter TL. Our novel sensory investigation suggests that shortened TL may be a biological mechanism of sensory symptoms in ASD. Furthermore, results highlight the need to better understand relationships between cognition, aging, and TL in families with ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1094-1101. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Telomeres cap chromosomes to protect DNA. They progressively shorten as people age and are related to health outcomes. We replicated previous findings that children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have shorter telomeres, compared to typically developing (TD), and show that unaffected siblings have telomere length (TL) in between those of TD and ASD. We find shortened TL is related to more severe sensory symptoms. This may mean families with ASD, especially those with elevated sensory symptoms, are at risk for worse age-related health outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2307 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=429

The influence of age and ASD on verbal fluency networks / Leslie C. BAXTER in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 63 (July 2019)  

Permalink

Thinning faster? Age-related cortical thickness differences in adults with autism spectrum disorder / B. Blair BRADEN in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 64 (August 2019)  

Permalink

---

1 (1 - 7 / 7)