Assessment of olfactory detection thresholds in children with autism spectrum disorders using a pulse ejection system / H. KUMAZAKI in Molecular Autism, 7 (2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 6p. Titre : Assessment of olfactory detection thresholds in children with autism spectrum disorders using a pulse ejection system Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : H. KUMAZAKI, Auteur ; T. MURAMATSU, Auteur ; T. X. FUJISAWA, Auteur ; M. MIYAO, Auteur ; E. MATSUURA, Auteur ; K. OKADA, Auteur ; H. KOSAKA, Auteur ; A. TOMODA, Auteur ; M. MIMURA, Auteur Article en page(s) : 6p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Aerosols  Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology/psychology  Caproates  Case-Control Studies  Child  Diagnostic Equipment  Equipment Design  Female  Humans  Hypesthesia/etiology/physiopathology/psychology  Male  Odorants  Olfactory Perception/physiology  Pentanols  Pulsatile Flow  Sensory Thresholds/physiology  Autism spectrum disorder  Laboratory-based studies  Olfaction  Olfactory detection threshold  Pulse ejection system Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Atypical responsiveness to olfactory stimuli has been reported as the strongest predictor of social impairment in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, previous laboratory-based sensory psychophysical studies that have aimed to investigate olfactory sensitivity in children with ASD have produced inconsistent results. The methodology of these studies is limited by several factors, and more sophisticated approaches are required to produce consistent results. METHODS: We measured olfactory detection thresholds in children with ASD and typical development (TD) using a pulse ejection system-a newly developed methodology designed to resolve problems encountered in previous studies. The two odorants used as stimuli were isoamyl acetate and allyl caproate. RESULTS: Forty-three participants took part in this study: 23 (6 females, 17 males) children with ASD and 20 with TD (6 females, 14 males). Olfactory detection thresholds of children with ASD were significantly higher than those of TD children with both isoamyl acetate (2.85 +/- 0.28 vs 1.57 +/- 0.15; p < 0.001) and allyl caproate ( 3.30 +/- 0.23 vs 1.17 +/- 0.08; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: We found impaired olfactory detection thresholds in children with ASD. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the olfactory abnormalities that children with ASD experience. Considering the role and effect that odors play in our daily lives, insensitivity to some odorants might have a tremendous impact on children with ASD. Future studies of olfactory processing in ASD may reveal important links between brain function, clinically relevant behavior, and treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0071-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=328 [article] Assessment of olfactory detection thresholds in children with autism spectrum disorders using a pulse ejection system [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / H. KUMAZAKI, Auteur ; T. MURAMATSU, Auteur ; T. X. FUJISAWA, Auteur ; M. MIYAO, Auteur ; E. MATSUURA, Auteur ; K. OKADA, Auteur ; H. KOSAKA, Auteur ; A. TOMODA, Auteur ; M. MIMURA, Auteur . - 6p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 6p. Mots-clés : Adolescent  Aerosols  Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology/psychology  Caproates  Case-Control Studies  Child  Diagnostic Equipment  Equipment Design  Female  Humans  Hypesthesia/etiology/physiopathology/psychology  Male  Odorants  Olfactory Perception/physiology  Pentanols  Pulsatile Flow  Sensory Thresholds/physiology  Autism spectrum disorder  Laboratory-based studies  Olfaction  Olfactory detection threshold  Pulse ejection system Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Atypical responsiveness to olfactory stimuli has been reported as the strongest predictor of social impairment in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, previous laboratory-based sensory psychophysical studies that have aimed to investigate olfactory sensitivity in children with ASD have produced inconsistent results. The methodology of these studies is limited by several factors, and more sophisticated approaches are required to produce consistent results. METHODS: We measured olfactory detection thresholds in children with ASD and typical development (TD) using a pulse ejection system-a newly developed methodology designed to resolve problems encountered in previous studies. The two odorants used as stimuli were isoamyl acetate and allyl caproate. RESULTS: Forty-three participants took part in this study: 23 (6 females, 17 males) children with ASD and 20 with TD (6 females, 14 males). Olfactory detection thresholds of children with ASD were significantly higher than those of TD children with both isoamyl acetate (2.85 +/- 0.28 vs 1.57 +/- 0.15; p < 0.001) and allyl caproate ( 3.30 +/- 0.23 vs 1.17 +/- 0.08; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: We found impaired olfactory detection thresholds in children with ASD. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the olfactory abnormalities that children with ASD experience. Considering the role and effect that odors play in our daily lives, insensitivity to some odorants might have a tremendous impact on children with ASD. Future studies of olfactory processing in ASD may reveal important links between brain function, clinically relevant behavior, and treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0071-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=328

Gazefinder as a clinical supplementary tool for discriminating between autism spectrum disorder and typical development in male adolescents and adults / T. FUJIOKA in Molecular Autism, 7 (2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 19p. Titre : Gazefinder as a clinical supplementary tool for discriminating between autism spectrum disorder and typical development in male adolescents and adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : T. FUJIOKA, Auteur ; K. INOHARA, Auteur ; Y. OKAMOTO, Auteur ; Y. MASUYA, Auteur ; M. ISHITOBI, Auteur ; Daisuke N. SAITO, Auteur ; M. JUNG, Auteur ; Sumiyoshi ARAI, Auteur ; Y. MATSUMURA, Auteur ; T. X. FUJISAWA, Auteur ; K. NARITA, Auteur ; K. SUZUKI, Auteur ; K. J. TSUCHIYA, Auteur ; N. MORI, Auteur ; T. KATAYAMA, Auteur ; M. SATO, Auteur ; T. MUNESUE, Auteur ; H. OKAZAWA, Auteur ; A. TOMODA, Auteur ; Y. WADA, Auteur ; H. KOSAKA, Auteur Article en page(s) : 19p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Area Under Curve  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/physiopathology  Case-Control Studies  Discriminant Analysis  Fixation, Ocular/physiology  Humans  Male  Ocular Physiological Phenomena  Photic Stimulation  Psychometrics  ROC Curve  Social Behavior  Time Factors  Autism spectrum disorder  Biological motion  Eye-tracking  Face  Fixation  Gaze abnormality  Geometry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Gaze abnormality is a diagnostic criterion for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, few easy-to-use clinical tools exist to evaluate the unique eye-gaze patterns of ASD. Recently, we developed Gazefinder, an all-in-one eye-tracking system for early detection of ASD in toddlers. Because abnormal gaze patterns have been documented in various ASD age groups, we predicted that Gazefinder might also detect gaze abnormality in adolescents and adults. In this study, we tested whether Gazefinder could identify unique gaze patterns in adolescents and adults with ASD. METHODS: We measured the percentage of eye fixation time allocated to particular objects depicted in movies (i.e., eyes and mouth in human face movies, upright and inverted biological motion in movies that presented these stimuli simultaneously, and people and geometry in movies that presented these stimuli simultaneously) by male adolescents and adults with ASD (N = 26) and age-matched males with typical development (TD; N = 35). We compared these percentages between the two groups (ASD and TD) and with scores on the social responsiveness scale (SRS). Further, we conducted discriminant analyses to determine if fixation times allocated to particular objects could be used to discriminate between individuals with and without ASD. RESULTS: Compared with the TD group, the ASD group showed significantly less fixation time at locations of salient social information (i.e., eyes in the movie of human faces without lip movement and people in the movie of people and geometry), while there were no significant groupwise differences in the responses to movies of human faces with lip movement or biological motion. In a within-group correlation analysis, a few of the fixation-time items correlated with SRS, although most of them did not. No items significantly correlated with SRS in both ASD and TD groups. The percentage fixation times to eyes and people, which exhibited large effect sizes for the group difference, could differentiate ASD and TD with a sensitivity of 81.0% and a specificity of 80.0%. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that Gazefinder is potentially a valuable and easy-to-use tool for objectively measuring unique gaze patterns and discriminating between ASD and TD in male adolescents and adults. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0083-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=328 [article] Gazefinder as a clinical supplementary tool for discriminating between autism spectrum disorder and typical development in male adolescents and adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / T. FUJIOKA, Auteur ; K. INOHARA, Auteur ; Y. OKAMOTO, Auteur ; Y. MASUYA, Auteur ; M. ISHITOBI, Auteur ; Daisuke N. SAITO, Auteur ; M. JUNG, Auteur ; Sumiyoshi ARAI, Auteur ; Y. MATSUMURA, Auteur ; T. X. FUJISAWA, Auteur ; K. NARITA, Auteur ; K. SUZUKI, Auteur ; K. J. TSUCHIYA, Auteur ; N. MORI, Auteur ; T. KATAYAMA, Auteur ; M. SATO, Auteur ; T. MUNESUE, Auteur ; H. OKAZAWA, Auteur ; A. TOMODA, Auteur ; Y. WADA, Auteur ; H. KOSAKA, Auteur . - 19p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 19p. Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Area Under Curve  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/physiopathology  Case-Control Studies  Discriminant Analysis  Fixation, Ocular/physiology  Humans  Male  Ocular Physiological Phenomena  Photic Stimulation  Psychometrics  ROC Curve  Social Behavior  Time Factors  Autism spectrum disorder  Biological motion  Eye-tracking  Face  Fixation  Gaze abnormality  Geometry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Gaze abnormality is a diagnostic criterion for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, few easy-to-use clinical tools exist to evaluate the unique eye-gaze patterns of ASD. Recently, we developed Gazefinder, an all-in-one eye-tracking system for early detection of ASD in toddlers. Because abnormal gaze patterns have been documented in various ASD age groups, we predicted that Gazefinder might also detect gaze abnormality in adolescents and adults. In this study, we tested whether Gazefinder could identify unique gaze patterns in adolescents and adults with ASD. METHODS: We measured the percentage of eye fixation time allocated to particular objects depicted in movies (i.e., eyes and mouth in human face movies, upright and inverted biological motion in movies that presented these stimuli simultaneously, and people and geometry in movies that presented these stimuli simultaneously) by male adolescents and adults with ASD (N = 26) and age-matched males with typical development (TD; N = 35). We compared these percentages between the two groups (ASD and TD) and with scores on the social responsiveness scale (SRS). Further, we conducted discriminant analyses to determine if fixation times allocated to particular objects could be used to discriminate between individuals with and without ASD. RESULTS: Compared with the TD group, the ASD group showed significantly less fixation time at locations of salient social information (i.e., eyes in the movie of human faces without lip movement and people in the movie of people and geometry), while there were no significant groupwise differences in the responses to movies of human faces with lip movement or biological motion. In a within-group correlation analysis, a few of the fixation-time items correlated with SRS, although most of them did not. No items significantly correlated with SRS in both ASD and TD groups. The percentage fixation times to eyes and people, which exhibited large effect sizes for the group difference, could differentiate ASD and TD with a sensitivity of 81.0% and a specificity of 80.0%. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that Gazefinder is potentially a valuable and easy-to-use tool for objectively measuring unique gaze patterns and discriminating between ASD and TD in male adolescents and adults. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0083-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=328

Oxytocin-induced increase in N,N-dimethylglycine and time course of changes in oxytocin efficacy for autism social core symptoms / Y. KATO in Molecular Autism, 12 (2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 15 p. Titre : Oxytocin-induced increase in N,N-dimethylglycine and time course of changes in oxytocin efficacy for autism social core symptoms Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Y. KATO, Auteur ; H. KUWABARA, Auteur ; T. OKADA, Auteur ; T. MUNESUE, Auteur ; S. BENNER, Auteur ; M. KURODA, Auteur ; M. KOJIMA, Auteur ; W. YASSIN, Auteur ; Y. ERIGUCHI, Auteur ; Y. KAMENO, Auteur ; C. MURAYAMA, Auteur ; T. NISHIMURA, Auteur ; K. TSUCHIYA, Auteur ; Kiyoto KASAI, Auteur ; N. OZAKI, Auteur ; H. KOSAKA, Auteur ; H. YAMASUE, Auteur Article en page(s) : 15 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Administration, Intranasal  Adolescent  Adult  Autistic Disorder/blood/drug therapy/metabolism/psychology  Double-Blind Method  Facial Expression  Humans  Male  Metabolomics  Middle Aged  Oxytocin/administration & dosage/blood/pharmacokinetics  Sarcosine/analogs & derivatives/blood  Social Behavior  Treatment Outcome  Young Adult  Asperger  Autism  Clinical trial  Developmental disorders  Facial expression  N,N-Dimethylglycine  Neuropeptide  Oxytocin  Plasticity  collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data  preparation,  review, or approval of the manuscript  or decision to submit the manuscript for  publication. There are no conflicts of interest. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Oxytocin is expected as a novel therapeutic agent for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) core symptoms. However, previous results on the efficacy of repeated administrations of oxytocin are controversial. Recently, we reported time-course changes in the efficacy of the neuropeptide underlying the controversial effects of repeated administration; however, the underlying mechanisms remained unknown. METHODS: The current study explored metabolites representing the molecular mechanisms of oxytocin's efficacy using high-throughput metabolomics analysis on plasma collected before and after 6-week repeated intranasal administration of oxytocin (48 IU/day) or placebo in adult males with ASD (N?=?106) who participated in a multi-center, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized controlled trial. RESULTS: Among the 35 metabolites measured, a significant increase in N,N-dimethylglycine was detected in the subjects administered oxytocin compared with those given placebo at a medium effect size (false discovery rate (FDR) corrected P?=?0.043, d?=?0.74, N?=?83). Furthermore, subgroup analyses of the participants displaying a prominent time-course change in oxytocin efficacy revealed a significant effect of oxytocin on N,N-dimethylglycine levels with a large effect size (P(FDR)?=?0.004, d?=?1.13, N?=?60). The increase in N,N-dimethylglycine was significantly correlated with oxytocin-induced clinical changes, assessed as changes in quantifiable characteristics of autistic facial expression, including both of improvements between baseline and 2 weeks (P(FDR)?=?0.006, r?=?-?0.485, N?=?43) and deteriorations between 2 and 4 weeks (P(FDR)?=?0.032, r?=?0.415, N?=?37). LIMITATIONS: The metabolites changes caused by oxytocin administration were quantified using peripheral blood and therefore may not directly reflect central nervous system changes. CONCLUSION: Our findings demonstrate an association of N,N-dimethylglycine upregulation with the time-course change in the efficacy of oxytocin on autistic social deficits. Furthermore, the current findings support the involvement of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor and neural plasticity to the time-course change in oxytocin's efficacy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: A multi-center, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, double-blind, confirmatory trial of intranasal oxytocin in participants with autism spectrum disorders (the date registered: 30 October 2014; UMIN Clinical Trials Registry: https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000017703 ) (UMIN000015264). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00423-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459 [article] Oxytocin-induced increase in N,N-dimethylglycine and time course of changes in oxytocin efficacy for autism social core symptoms [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Y. KATO, Auteur ; H. KUWABARA, Auteur ; T. OKADA, Auteur ; T. MUNESUE, Auteur ; S. BENNER, Auteur ; M. KURODA, Auteur ; M. KOJIMA, Auteur ; W. YASSIN, Auteur ; Y. ERIGUCHI, Auteur ; Y. KAMENO, Auteur ; C. MURAYAMA, Auteur ; T. NISHIMURA, Auteur ; K. TSUCHIYA, Auteur ; Kiyoto KASAI, Auteur ; N. OZAKI, Auteur ; H. KOSAKA, Auteur ; H. YAMASUE, Auteur . - 15 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 15 p. Mots-clés : Administration, Intranasal  Adolescent  Adult  Autistic Disorder/blood/drug therapy/metabolism/psychology  Double-Blind Method  Facial Expression  Humans  Male  Metabolomics  Middle Aged  Oxytocin/administration & dosage/blood/pharmacokinetics  Sarcosine/analogs & derivatives/blood  Social Behavior  Treatment Outcome  Young Adult  Asperger  Autism  Clinical trial  Developmental disorders  Facial expression  N,N-Dimethylglycine  Neuropeptide  Oxytocin  Plasticity  collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data  preparation,  review, or approval of the manuscript  or decision to submit the manuscript for  publication. There are no conflicts of interest. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Oxytocin is expected as a novel therapeutic agent for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) core symptoms. However, previous results on the efficacy of repeated administrations of oxytocin are controversial. Recently, we reported time-course changes in the efficacy of the neuropeptide underlying the controversial effects of repeated administration; however, the underlying mechanisms remained unknown. METHODS: The current study explored metabolites representing the molecular mechanisms of oxytocin's efficacy using high-throughput metabolomics analysis on plasma collected before and after 6-week repeated intranasal administration of oxytocin (48 IU/day) or placebo in adult males with ASD (N?=?106) who participated in a multi-center, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized controlled trial. RESULTS: Among the 35 metabolites measured, a significant increase in N,N-dimethylglycine was detected in the subjects administered oxytocin compared with those given placebo at a medium effect size (false discovery rate (FDR) corrected P?=?0.043, d?=?0.74, N?=?83). Furthermore, subgroup analyses of the participants displaying a prominent time-course change in oxytocin efficacy revealed a significant effect of oxytocin on N,N-dimethylglycine levels with a large effect size (P(FDR)?=?0.004, d?=?1.13, N?=?60). The increase in N,N-dimethylglycine was significantly correlated with oxytocin-induced clinical changes, assessed as changes in quantifiable characteristics of autistic facial expression, including both of improvements between baseline and 2 weeks (P(FDR)?=?0.006, r?=?-?0.485, N?=?43) and deteriorations between 2 and 4 weeks (P(FDR)?=?0.032, r?=?0.415, N?=?37). LIMITATIONS: The metabolites changes caused by oxytocin administration were quantified using peripheral blood and therefore may not directly reflect central nervous system changes. CONCLUSION: Our findings demonstrate an association of N,N-dimethylglycine upregulation with the time-course change in the efficacy of oxytocin on autistic social deficits. Furthermore, the current findings support the involvement of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor and neural plasticity to the time-course change in oxytocin's efficacy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: A multi-center, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, double-blind, confirmatory trial of intranasal oxytocin in participants with autism spectrum disorders (the date registered: 30 October 2014; UMIN Clinical Trials Registry: https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000017703 ) (UMIN000015264). En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00423-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459

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