Alterations in the inferior longitudinal fasciculus in autism and associations with visual processing: a diffusion-weighted MRI study / Bart BOETS in Molecular Autism, 9 (2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 10p. Titre : Alterations in the inferior longitudinal fasciculus in autism and associations with visual processing: a diffusion-weighted MRI study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Bart BOETS, Auteur ; L. VAN EYLEN, Auteur ; K. SITEK, Auteur ; P. MOORS, Auteur ; I. NOENS, Auteur ; J. STEYAERT, Auteur ; S. SUNAERT, Auteur ; J. WAGEMANS, Auteur Article en page(s) : 10p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Diffusion-weighted imaging  Inferior longitudinal fasciculus  Structural connectivity  Visual processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: One of the most reported neural features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the alteration of multiple long-range white matter fiber tracts, as assessed by diffusion-weighted imaging and indexed by reduced fractional anisotropy (FA). Recent methodological advances, however, have shown that this same pattern of reduced FA may be an artifact resulting from excessive head motion and poorer data quality and that aberrant structural connectivity in children with ASD is confined to the right inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF). This study aimed at replicating the observation of reduced FA along the right ILF in ASD, while controlling for group differences in head motion and data quality. In addition, we explored associations between reduced FA in the right ILF and quantitative ASD characteristics, and the involvement of the right ILF in visual processing, which is known to be altered in ASD. Method: Global probabilistic tractography was performed on diffusion-weighted imaging data of 17 adolescent boys with ASD and 17 typically developing boys, matched for age, performance IQ, handedness, and data quality. Four tasks were administered to measure various aspects of visual information processing, together with questionnaires assessing ASD characteristics. Group differences were examined and the neural data were integrated with previously published findings using Bayesian statistics to quantify evidence for replication and to pool data and thus increase statistical power. (Partial) correlations were calculated to investigate associations between measures. Results: The ASD group showed consistently reduced FA only in the right ILF and slower performance on the visual search task. Bayesian statistics pooling data across studies confirmed that group differences in FA were confined to the right ILF only, with the evidence for altered FA in the left ILF being indecisive. Lower FA in the right ILF tended to covary with slower visual search and a more fragmented part-oriented processing style. Individual differences in FA of the right ILF were not reliably associated with the severity of ASD traits after controlling for clinical status. Conclusion: Our findings support the growing evidence for reduced FA along a specific fiber tract in ASD, the right ILF. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0188-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=354 [article] Alterations in the inferior longitudinal fasciculus in autism and associations with visual processing: a diffusion-weighted MRI study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Bart BOETS, Auteur ; L. VAN EYLEN, Auteur ; K. SITEK, Auteur ; P. MOORS, Auteur ; I. NOENS, Auteur ; J. STEYAERT, Auteur ; S. SUNAERT, Auteur ; J. WAGEMANS, Auteur . - 10p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 10p. Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Diffusion-weighted imaging  Inferior longitudinal fasciculus  Structural connectivity  Visual processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: One of the most reported neural features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the alteration of multiple long-range white matter fiber tracts, as assessed by diffusion-weighted imaging and indexed by reduced fractional anisotropy (FA). Recent methodological advances, however, have shown that this same pattern of reduced FA may be an artifact resulting from excessive head motion and poorer data quality and that aberrant structural connectivity in children with ASD is confined to the right inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF). This study aimed at replicating the observation of reduced FA along the right ILF in ASD, while controlling for group differences in head motion and data quality. In addition, we explored associations between reduced FA in the right ILF and quantitative ASD characteristics, and the involvement of the right ILF in visual processing, which is known to be altered in ASD. Method: Global probabilistic tractography was performed on diffusion-weighted imaging data of 17 adolescent boys with ASD and 17 typically developing boys, matched for age, performance IQ, handedness, and data quality. Four tasks were administered to measure various aspects of visual information processing, together with questionnaires assessing ASD characteristics. Group differences were examined and the neural data were integrated with previously published findings using Bayesian statistics to quantify evidence for replication and to pool data and thus increase statistical power. (Partial) correlations were calculated to investigate associations between measures. Results: The ASD group showed consistently reduced FA only in the right ILF and slower performance on the visual search task. Bayesian statistics pooling data across studies confirmed that group differences in FA were confined to the right ILF only, with the evidence for altered FA in the left ILF being indecisive. Lower FA in the right ILF tended to covary with slower visual search and a more fragmented part-oriented processing style. Individual differences in FA of the right ILF were not reliably associated with the severity of ASD traits after controlling for clinical status. Conclusion: Our findings support the growing evidence for reduced FA along a specific fiber tract in ASD, the right ILF. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0188-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=354

Change detection of meaningful objects in real-world scenes in adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorder / S. VANMARCKE in Autism, 22-6 (August 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 22-6 (August 2018) . - p.728-739 Titre : Change detection of meaningful objects in real-world scenes in adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. VANMARCKE, Auteur ; I. NOENS, Auteur ; J. STEYAERT, Auteur ; J. WAGEMANS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.728-739 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  change blindness  local-global processing  vision research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous research suggested that adolescents with autism spectrum disorder are better than typically developing children in detecting local, non-social details within complex visual scenes. To better understand these differences, we used the image database by Sareen et al., containing the size and on-screen location information of all changes in the images, in a change blindness paradigm. In this task, an original and a modified real-world scene, separated by a gray blank, alternate repeatedly until observers detect the change. Our results indicated that participants with and without autism spectrum disorder performed similarly when scenes were presented upright, but that only the performance of the typically developing adolescents became worse in the inverted scene condition. In this condition, the correlation between performance and both image difficulty and change predictability was significantly weaker in autism spectrum disorder than in typically developing participants. We suggest that these findings result from a more locally biased search strategy in people with autism spectrum disorder, compared to typically developing participants, in tasks in which the rapid processing of global information does not help to improve change detection performance. Finally, although we found change location, change size, and age to influence participant performance, none of these was directly linked to the observed group-level differences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361317702559 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 [article] Change detection of meaningful objects in real-world scenes in adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. VANMARCKE, Auteur ; I. NOENS, Auteur ; J. STEYAERT, Auteur ; J. WAGEMANS, Auteur . - p.728-739. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 22-6 (August 2018) . - p.728-739 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  change blindness  local-global processing  vision research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous research suggested that adolescents with autism spectrum disorder are better than typically developing children in detecting local, non-social details within complex visual scenes. To better understand these differences, we used the image database by Sareen et al., containing the size and on-screen location information of all changes in the images, in a change blindness paradigm. In this task, an original and a modified real-world scene, separated by a gray blank, alternate repeatedly until observers detect the change. Our results indicated that participants with and without autism spectrum disorder performed similarly when scenes were presented upright, but that only the performance of the typically developing adolescents became worse in the inverted scene condition. In this condition, the correlation between performance and both image difficulty and change predictability was significantly weaker in autism spectrum disorder than in typically developing participants. We suggest that these findings result from a more locally biased search strategy in people with autism spectrum disorder, compared to typically developing participants, in tasks in which the rapid processing of global information does not help to improve change detection performance. Finally, although we found change location, change size, and age to influence participant performance, none of these was directly linked to the observed group-level differences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361317702559 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366

Fast Periodic Visual Stimulation EEG Reveals Reduced Neural Sensitivity to Fearful Faces in Children with Autism / S. VAN DER DONCK in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-11 (November 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-11 (November 2019) . - p.4658-4673 Titre : Fast Periodic Visual Stimulation EEG Reveals Reduced Neural Sensitivity to Fearful Faces in Children with Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. VAN DER DONCK, Auteur ; M. DZHELYOVA, Auteur ; S. VETTORI, Auteur ; H. THIELEN, Auteur ; J. STEYAERT, Auteur ; B. ROSSION, Auteur ; Bart BOETS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4658-4673 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Eeg  Fpvs  Face inversion effect  Facial emotion processing  Implicit fear detection Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We objectively quantified the neural sensitivity of school-aged boys with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to detect briefly presented fearful expressions by combining fast periodic visual stimulation with frequency-tagging electroencephalography. Images of neutral faces were presented at 6 Hz, periodically interleaved with fearful expressions at 1.2 Hz oddball rate. While both groups equally display the face inversion effect and mainly rely on information from the mouth to detect fearful expressions, boys with ASD generally show reduced neural responses to rapid changes in expression. At an individual level, fear discrimination responses predict clinical status with an 83% accuracy. This implicit and straightforward approach identifies subtle deficits that remain concealed in behavioral tasks, thereby opening new perspectives for clinical diagnosis. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04172-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=408 [article] Fast Periodic Visual Stimulation EEG Reveals Reduced Neural Sensitivity to Fearful Faces in Children with Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. VAN DER DONCK, Auteur ; M. DZHELYOVA, Auteur ; S. VETTORI, Auteur ; H. THIELEN, Auteur ; J. STEYAERT, Auteur ; B. ROSSION, Auteur ; Bart BOETS, Auteur . - p.4658-4673. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-11 (November 2019) . - p.4658-4673 Mots-clés : Autism  Eeg  Fpvs  Face inversion effect  Facial emotion processing  Implicit fear detection Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We objectively quantified the neural sensitivity of school-aged boys with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to detect briefly presented fearful expressions by combining fast periodic visual stimulation with frequency-tagging electroencephalography. Images of neutral faces were presented at 6 Hz, periodically interleaved with fearful expressions at 1.2 Hz oddball rate. While both groups equally display the face inversion effect and mainly rely on information from the mouth to detect fearful expressions, boys with ASD generally show reduced neural responses to rapid changes in expression. At an individual level, fear discrimination responses predict clinical status with an 83% accuracy. This implicit and straightforward approach identifies subtle deficits that remain concealed in behavioral tasks, thereby opening new perspectives for clinical diagnosis. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04172-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=408

Investigating automatic emotion processing in boys with autism via eye tracking and facial mimicry recordings / S. VAN DER DONCK in Autism Research, 14-7 (July 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-7 (July 2021) . - p.1404-1420 Titre : Investigating automatic emotion processing in boys with autism via eye tracking and facial mimicry recordings Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. VAN DER DONCK, Auteur ; S. VETTORI, Auteur ; M. DZHELYOVA, Auteur ; S. S. MAHDI, Auteur ; P. CLAES, Auteur ; J. STEYAERT, Auteur ; Bart BOETS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1404-1420 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Autistic Disorder/complications  Child  Emotions  Eye-Tracking Technology  Facial Expression  Facial Recognition  Humans  Male  autism spectrum disorder  emotion processing  eye tracking  facial expression recognition  facial mimicry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Difficulties in automatic emotion processing in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) might remain concealed in behavioral studies due to compensatory strategies. To gain more insight in the mechanisms underlying facial emotion recognition, we recorded eye tracking and facial mimicry data of 20 school-aged boys with ASD and 20 matched typically developing controls while performing an explicit emotion recognition task. Proportional looking times to specific face regions (eyes, nose, and mouth) and face exploration dynamics were analyzed. In addition, facial mimicry was assessed. Boys with ASD and controls were equally capable to recognize expressions and did not differ in proportional looking times, and number and duration of fixations. Yet, specific facial expressions elicited particular gaze patterns, especially within the control group. Both groups showed similar face scanning dynamics, although boys with ASD demonstrated smaller saccadic amplitudes. Regarding the facial mimicry, we found no emotion specific facial responses and no group differences in the responses to the displayed facial expressions. Our results indicate that boys with and without ASD employ similar eye gaze strategies to recognize facial expressions. Smaller saccadic amplitudes in boys with ASD might indicate a less exploratory face processing strategy. Yet, this slightly more persistent visual scanning behavior in boys with ASD does not imply less efficient emotion information processing, given the similar behavioral performance. Results on the facial mimicry data indicate similar facial responses to emotional faces in boys with and without ASD. LAY SUMMARY: We investigated (i) whether boys with and without autism apply different face exploration strategies when recognizing facial expressions and (ii) whether they mimic the displayed facial expression to a similar extent. We found that boys with and without ASD recognize facial expressions equally well, and that both groups show similar facial reactions to the displayed facial emotions. Yet, boys with ASD visually explored the faces slightly less than the boys without ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2490 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 [article] Investigating automatic emotion processing in boys with autism via eye tracking and facial mimicry recordings [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. VAN DER DONCK, Auteur ; S. VETTORI, Auteur ; M. DZHELYOVA, Auteur ; S. S. MAHDI, Auteur ; P. CLAES, Auteur ; J. STEYAERT, Auteur ; Bart BOETS, Auteur . - p.1404-1420. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-7 (July 2021) . - p.1404-1420 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Autistic Disorder/complications  Child  Emotions  Eye-Tracking Technology  Facial Expression  Facial Recognition  Humans  Male  autism spectrum disorder  emotion processing  eye tracking  facial expression recognition  facial mimicry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Difficulties in automatic emotion processing in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) might remain concealed in behavioral studies due to compensatory strategies. To gain more insight in the mechanisms underlying facial emotion recognition, we recorded eye tracking and facial mimicry data of 20 school-aged boys with ASD and 20 matched typically developing controls while performing an explicit emotion recognition task. Proportional looking times to specific face regions (eyes, nose, and mouth) and face exploration dynamics were analyzed. In addition, facial mimicry was assessed. Boys with ASD and controls were equally capable to recognize expressions and did not differ in proportional looking times, and number and duration of fixations. Yet, specific facial expressions elicited particular gaze patterns, especially within the control group. Both groups showed similar face scanning dynamics, although boys with ASD demonstrated smaller saccadic amplitudes. Regarding the facial mimicry, we found no emotion specific facial responses and no group differences in the responses to the displayed facial expressions. Our results indicate that boys with and without ASD employ similar eye gaze strategies to recognize facial expressions. Smaller saccadic amplitudes in boys with ASD might indicate a less exploratory face processing strategy. Yet, this slightly more persistent visual scanning behavior in boys with ASD does not imply less efficient emotion information processing, given the similar behavioral performance. Results on the facial mimicry data indicate similar facial responses to emotional faces in boys with and without ASD. LAY SUMMARY: We investigated (i) whether boys with and without autism apply different face exploration strategies when recognizing facial expressions and (ii) whether they mimic the displayed facial expression to a similar extent. We found that boys with and without ASD recognize facial expressions equally well, and that both groups show similar facial reactions to the displayed facial emotions. Yet, boys with ASD visually explored the faces slightly less than the boys without ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2490 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449

Local and Global Visual Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Influence of Task and Sample Characteristics and Relation to Symptom Severity / L. VAN EYLEN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-4 (April 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-4 (April 2018) . - p.1359-1381 Titre : Local and Global Visual Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Influence of Task and Sample Characteristics and Relation to Symptom Severity Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. VAN EYLEN, Auteur ; Bart BOETS, Auteur ; J. STEYAERT, Auteur ; J. WAGEMANS, Auteur ; I. NOENS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1359-1381 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Global processing  Local processing  Sample characteristics  Symptom severity  Visual processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Local and global visual processing abilities and processing style were investigated in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) versus typically developing individuals, children versus adolescents and boys versus girls. Individuals with ASD displayed more attention to detail in daily life, while laboratory tasks showed slightly reduced global processing abilities, intact local processing abilities, and a more locally oriented processing style. However, the presence of these group differences depended on particular task and sample (i.e., age and gender) characteristics. Most measures of local and global processing did not correlate with each other and were not associated with processing style. Significant associations between local-global processing and ASD symptom severity were observed, but the causality of these associations remains unclear. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2526-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=352 [article] Local and Global Visual Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Influence of Task and Sample Characteristics and Relation to Symptom Severity [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. VAN EYLEN, Auteur ; Bart BOETS, Auteur ; J. STEYAERT, Auteur ; J. WAGEMANS, Auteur ; I. NOENS, Auteur . - p.1359-1381. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-4 (April 2018) . - p.1359-1381 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Global processing  Local processing  Sample characteristics  Symptom severity  Visual processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Local and global visual processing abilities and processing style were investigated in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) versus typically developing individuals, children versus adolescents and boys versus girls. Individuals with ASD displayed more attention to detail in daily life, while laboratory tasks showed slightly reduced global processing abilities, intact local processing abilities, and a more locally oriented processing style. However, the presence of these group differences depended on particular task and sample (i.e., age and gender) characteristics. Most measures of local and global processing did not correlate with each other and were not associated with processing style. Significant associations between local-global processing and ASD symptom severity were observed, but the causality of these associations remains unclear. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2526-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=352

Multiple Object Tracking Reveals Object-Based Grouping Interference in Children with ASD / R. VAN DER HALLEN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-4 (April 2018)  

Permalink

---

1 (1 - 6 / 6)