Newborn vitamin D levels in relation to autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability: A case-control study in california / G. C. WINDHAM in Autism Research, 12-6 (June 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-6 (June 2019) . - p.989-998 Titre : Newborn vitamin D levels in relation to autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability: A case-control study in california Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : G. C. WINDHAM, Auteur ; M. PEARL, Auteur ; M. C. ANDERSON, Auteur ; V. POON, Auteur ; D. EYLES, Auteur ; K. L. JONES, Auteur ; K. LYALL, Auteur ; M. KHARRAZI, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p.989-998 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asd  autism  hydroxy-vitamin D  intellectual disability  vitamin D Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Vitamin D deficiency has been increasing concurrently with prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and emerging evidence suggests vitamin D is involved in brain development. Most prior studies of ASD examined vitamin D levels in children already diagnosed, but a few examined levels during perinatal development, the more likely susceptibility period. Therefore, we examined newborn vitamin D levels in a case-control study conducted among births in 2000-2003 in southern California. Children with ASD (N = 563) or intellectual disability (ID) (N = 190) were identified from the Department of Developmental Services and compared to population controls (N = 436) identified from birth certificates. 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured in archived newborn dried blood spots by a sensitive assay and corrected to sera equivalents. We categorized 25(OH) D levels as deficient (<50 nmol/L), insufficient (50-74 nmol/L), and sufficient (>/=75 nmol/L), and also examined continuous levels, using logistic regression. The adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals for ASD were 0.96 (0.64-1.4) for 25(OH)D deficiency (14% of newborns) and 1.2 (0.86-1.6) for insufficiency (26% of newborns). The AORs for continuous 25(OH)D (per 25 nmol/L) were 1.0 (0.91-1.09) for ASD and 1.14 (1.0-1.30) for ID. Thus, in this relatively large study of measured newborn vitamin D levels, our results do not support the hypothesis of lower 25(OH)D being associated with higher risk of ASD (or ID), although we observed suggestion of interactions with sex and race/ethnicity. 25(OH)D levels were relatively high (median 84 nmol/L in controls), so results may differ in populations with higher prevalence of low vitamin D levels. Autism Res 2019, 12: 989-998. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We studied whether vitamin D levels measured at birth were related to whether a child later developed autism (or low IQ). Our results did not show that children with autism, or low IQ, overall had lower vitamin D levels at birth than children without autism. Vitamin D levels were fairly high, on average, in these children born in Southern California. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2092 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=401 [article] Newborn vitamin D levels in relation to autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability: A case-control study in california [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / G. C. WINDHAM, Auteur ; M. PEARL, Auteur ; M. C. ANDERSON, Auteur ; V. POON, Auteur ; D. EYLES, Auteur ; K. L. JONES, Auteur ; K. LYALL, Auteur ; M. KHARRAZI, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur . - 2019 . - p.989-998. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-6 (June 2019) . - p.989-998 Mots-clés : Asd  autism  hydroxy-vitamin D  intellectual disability  vitamin D Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Vitamin D deficiency has been increasing concurrently with prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and emerging evidence suggests vitamin D is involved in brain development. Most prior studies of ASD examined vitamin D levels in children already diagnosed, but a few examined levels during perinatal development, the more likely susceptibility period. Therefore, we examined newborn vitamin D levels in a case-control study conducted among births in 2000-2003 in southern California. Children with ASD (N = 563) or intellectual disability (ID) (N = 190) were identified from the Department of Developmental Services and compared to population controls (N = 436) identified from birth certificates. 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured in archived newborn dried blood spots by a sensitive assay and corrected to sera equivalents. We categorized 25(OH) D levels as deficient (<50 nmol/L), insufficient (50-74 nmol/L), and sufficient (>/=75 nmol/L), and also examined continuous levels, using logistic regression. The adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals for ASD were 0.96 (0.64-1.4) for 25(OH)D deficiency (14% of newborns) and 1.2 (0.86-1.6) for insufficiency (26% of newborns). The AORs for continuous 25(OH)D (per 25 nmol/L) were 1.0 (0.91-1.09) for ASD and 1.14 (1.0-1.30) for ID. Thus, in this relatively large study of measured newborn vitamin D levels, our results do not support the hypothesis of lower 25(OH)D being associated with higher risk of ASD (or ID), although we observed suggestion of interactions with sex and race/ethnicity. 25(OH)D levels were relatively high (median 84 nmol/L in controls), so results may differ in populations with higher prevalence of low vitamin D levels. Autism Res 2019, 12: 989-998. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We studied whether vitamin D levels measured at birth were related to whether a child later developed autism (or low IQ). Our results did not show that children with autism, or low IQ, overall had lower vitamin D levels at birth than children without autism. Vitamin D levels were fairly high, on average, in these children born in Southern California. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2092 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=401

A profile and review of findings from the Early Markers for Autism study: unique contributions from a population-based case-control study in California / K. LYALL in Molecular Autism, 12 (2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 24 p. Titre : A profile and review of findings from the Early Markers for Autism study: unique contributions from a population-based case-control study in California Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : K. LYALL, Auteur ; Jennifer L. AMES, Auteur ; M. PEARL, Auteur ; M. TRAGLIA, Auteur ; L. A. WEISS, Auteur ; G. C. WINDHAM, Auteur ; M. KHARRAZI, Auteur ; C. K. YOSHIDA, Auteur ; R. YOLKEN, Auteur ; Heather E. VOLK, Auteur ; Paul ASHWOOD, Auteur ; J. VAN DE WATER, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 24 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autistic Disorder/blood/epidemiology/immunology  Biomarkers/blood  California/epidemiology  Case-Control Studies  Child  Cytokines/immunology  Endocrine Disruptors  Environmental Exposure  Environmental Pollutants  Female  Humans  Male  Pregnancy/immunology  Thyroid Hormones/blood  Vitamin D/blood  Young Adult  Autism  Early Markers for Autism  Immune response  Risk factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The Early Markers for Autism (EMA) study is a population-based case-control study designed to learn more about early biologic processes involved in ASD. METHODS: Participants were drawn from Southern California births from 2000 to 2003 with archived prenatal and neonatal screening specimens. Across two phases, children with ASD (n?=?629) and intellectual disability without ASD (ID, n?=?230) were ascertained from the California Department of Developmental Services (DDS), with diagnoses confirmed according to DSM-IV-TR criteria based on expert clinical review of abstracted records. General population controls (GP, n?=?599) were randomly sampled from birth certificate files and matched to ASD cases by sex, birth month and year after excluding individuals with DDS records. EMA has published over 20 papers examining immune markers, endogenous hormones, environmental chemicals, and genetic factors in association with ASD and ID. This review summarizes the results across these studies, as well as the EMA study design and future directions. RESULTS: EMA enabled several key contributions to the literature, including the examination of biomarker levels in biospecimens prospectively collected during critical windows of neurodevelopment. Key findings from EMA include demonstration of elevated cytokine and chemokine levels in maternal mid-pregnancy serum samples in association with ASD, as well as aberrations in other immune marker levels; suggestions of increased odds of ASD with prenatal exposure to certain endocrine disrupting chemicals, though not in mixture analyses; and demonstration of maternal and fetal genetic influence on prenatal chemical, and maternal and neonatal immune marker and vitamin D levels. We also observed an overall lack of association with ASD and measured maternal and neonatal vitamin D, mercury, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. LIMITATIONS: Covariate and outcome data were limited to information in Vital Statistics and DDS records. As a study based in Southern California, generalizability for certain environmental exposures may be reduced. CONCLUSIONS: Results across EMA studies support the importance of the prenatal and neonatal periods in ASD etiology, and provide evidence for the role of the maternal immune response during pregnancy. Future directions for EMA, and the field of ASD in general, include interrogation of mechanistic pathways and examination of combined effects of exposures. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00429-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459 [article] A profile and review of findings from the Early Markers for Autism study: unique contributions from a population-based case-control study in California [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / K. LYALL, Auteur ; Jennifer L. AMES, Auteur ; M. PEARL, Auteur ; M. TRAGLIA, Auteur ; L. A. WEISS, Auteur ; G. C. WINDHAM, Auteur ; M. KHARRAZI, Auteur ; C. K. YOSHIDA, Auteur ; R. YOLKEN, Auteur ; Heather E. VOLK, Auteur ; Paul ASHWOOD, Auteur ; J. VAN DE WATER, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur . - 24 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 24 p. Mots-clés : Adult  Autistic Disorder/blood/epidemiology/immunology  Biomarkers/blood  California/epidemiology  Case-Control Studies  Child  Cytokines/immunology  Endocrine Disruptors  Environmental Exposure  Environmental Pollutants  Female  Humans  Male  Pregnancy/immunology  Thyroid Hormones/blood  Vitamin D/blood  Young Adult  Autism  Early Markers for Autism  Immune response  Risk factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The Early Markers for Autism (EMA) study is a population-based case-control study designed to learn more about early biologic processes involved in ASD. METHODS: Participants were drawn from Southern California births from 2000 to 2003 with archived prenatal and neonatal screening specimens. Across two phases, children with ASD (n?=?629) and intellectual disability without ASD (ID, n?=?230) were ascertained from the California Department of Developmental Services (DDS), with diagnoses confirmed according to DSM-IV-TR criteria based on expert clinical review of abstracted records. General population controls (GP, n?=?599) were randomly sampled from birth certificate files and matched to ASD cases by sex, birth month and year after excluding individuals with DDS records. EMA has published over 20 papers examining immune markers, endogenous hormones, environmental chemicals, and genetic factors in association with ASD and ID. This review summarizes the results across these studies, as well as the EMA study design and future directions. RESULTS: EMA enabled several key contributions to the literature, including the examination of biomarker levels in biospecimens prospectively collected during critical windows of neurodevelopment. Key findings from EMA include demonstration of elevated cytokine and chemokine levels in maternal mid-pregnancy serum samples in association with ASD, as well as aberrations in other immune marker levels; suggestions of increased odds of ASD with prenatal exposure to certain endocrine disrupting chemicals, though not in mixture analyses; and demonstration of maternal and fetal genetic influence on prenatal chemical, and maternal and neonatal immune marker and vitamin D levels. We also observed an overall lack of association with ASD and measured maternal and neonatal vitamin D, mercury, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. LIMITATIONS: Covariate and outcome data were limited to information in Vital Statistics and DDS records. As a study based in Southern California, generalizability for certain environmental exposures may be reduced. CONCLUSIONS: Results across EMA studies support the importance of the prenatal and neonatal periods in ASD etiology, and provide evidence for the role of the maternal immune response during pregnancy. Future directions for EMA, and the field of ASD in general, include interrogation of mechanistic pathways and examination of combined effects of exposures. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00429-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459

The association of in utero tobacco smoke exposure, quantified by serum cotinine, and Autism Spectrum Disorder / K. BERGER in Autism Research, 14-9 (September 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-9 (September 2021) . - p.2017-2026 Titre : The association of in utero tobacco smoke exposure, quantified by serum cotinine, and Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : K. BERGER, Auteur ; M. PEARL, Auteur ; M. KHARRAZI, Auteur ; Y. LI, Auteur ; J. DEGUZMAN, Auteur ; J. SHE, Auteur ; P. BEHNIWAL, Auteur ; K. LYALL, Auteur ; G. WINDHAM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2017-2026 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology/etiology  Child  Cotinine  Female  Humans  Maternal Exposure/adverse effects  Pregnancy  Smoking  Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects/analysis  Autism Spectrum Disorder  cotinine  pregnancy  smoking  tobacco smoking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous studies on in utero exposure to maternal environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) or maternal active smoking and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have not been entirely consistent, and no studies have examined in utero cotinine concentrations as an exposure classification method. We measured cotinine in stored second trimester maternal serum for 498 ASD cases and 499 controls born in California in 2011-2012. We also obtained self-reported maternal cigarette smoking during and immediately prior to pregnancy, as well as covariate data, from birth records. Using unconditional logistic regression, we found no association between log10 cotinine concentrations and odds for developing ASD among children of non-smokers (aOR: 0.93 [95% CI: 0.69, 1.25] per ng/ml), which represents exposure to ETS, though there may be a possible interaction with race. We found no association between cotinine-defined smoking (?3.08?ng/ml vs. <3.08?ng/ml) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.73 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.35, 1.54)) or self-reported smoking (aOR: 1.64 [95% CI: 0.65, 4.16]) and ASD. In one of the few studies of ETS and the first with measured cotinine, our results indicate no overall relationship between in utero exposure to tobacco smoke from maternal ETS exposure or active smoking, and development of ASD. LAY SUMMARY: This study found that women who smoke or are exposed to tobacco smoke during pregnancy are not more likely to have children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This is the first ASD study to measure a chemical in the mother's blood during pregnancy to identify exposure to tobacco smoke. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2561 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] The association of in utero tobacco smoke exposure, quantified by serum cotinine, and Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / K. BERGER, Auteur ; M. PEARL, Auteur ; M. KHARRAZI, Auteur ; Y. LI, Auteur ; J. DEGUZMAN, Auteur ; J. SHE, Auteur ; P. BEHNIWAL, Auteur ; K. LYALL, Auteur ; G. WINDHAM, Auteur . - p.2017-2026. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-9 (September 2021) . - p.2017-2026 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology/etiology  Child  Cotinine  Female  Humans  Maternal Exposure/adverse effects  Pregnancy  Smoking  Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects/analysis  Autism Spectrum Disorder  cotinine  pregnancy  smoking  tobacco smoking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous studies on in utero exposure to maternal environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) or maternal active smoking and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have not been entirely consistent, and no studies have examined in utero cotinine concentrations as an exposure classification method. We measured cotinine in stored second trimester maternal serum for 498 ASD cases and 499 controls born in California in 2011-2012. We also obtained self-reported maternal cigarette smoking during and immediately prior to pregnancy, as well as covariate data, from birth records. Using unconditional logistic regression, we found no association between log10 cotinine concentrations and odds for developing ASD among children of non-smokers (aOR: 0.93 [95% CI: 0.69, 1.25] per ng/ml), which represents exposure to ETS, though there may be a possible interaction with race. We found no association between cotinine-defined smoking (?3.08?ng/ml vs. <3.08?ng/ml) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.73 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.35, 1.54)) or self-reported smoking (aOR: 1.64 [95% CI: 0.65, 4.16]) and ASD. In one of the few studies of ETS and the first with measured cotinine, our results indicate no overall relationship between in utero exposure to tobacco smoke from maternal ETS exposure or active smoking, and development of ASD. LAY SUMMARY: This study found that women who smoke or are exposed to tobacco smoke during pregnancy are not more likely to have children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This is the first ASD study to measure a chemical in the mother's blood during pregnancy to identify exposure to tobacco smoke. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2561 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

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