COVID-19 risk: Adult Medicaid beneficiaries with autism, intellectual disability, and mental health conditions / Whitney SCHOTT in Autism, 26-4 (May 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 26-4 (May 2022) . - p.975-987 Titre : COVID-19 risk: Adult Medicaid beneficiaries with autism, intellectual disability, and mental health conditions Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Whitney SCHOTT, Auteur ; Sha TAO, Auteur ; Lindsay SHEA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.975-987 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology  Autistic Disorder/epidemiology  COVID-19/epidemiology  Humans  Intellectual Disability/epidemiology  Medicaid  Mental Health  United States/epidemiology  COVID-19 risk  autism  comorbidities  intellectual disability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic adults, adults with intellectual disability, and adults with other mental health conditions may have higher risk of contracting COVID-19 or experiencing more severe illness from COVID-19 if infected. We used data from Medicaid to look at whether autistic adults and other adults with intellectual disability and other mental health conditions were more likely to have risk factors for COVID-19, such as living in a residential facility, receiving services regularly in the home from outside caregivers, having had a long hospitalization, having had avoidable hospitalizations, and having high-risk health conditions. We found that autistic adults had higher odds of living in a residential facility, receiving in-home services from outside caregivers, having had an avoidable hospitalization, and having a high-risk health condition, compared to neurotypical adults without mental health conditions. Adults with intellectual disability had similar odds of having these conditions. Adults with other mental health conditions were also more likely to live in a residential facility, receive services from outside caregivers, and have had avoidable hospitalizations compared to the neurotypical population without mental health conditions. They had three times higher odds of having a high-risk health condition. High risk of COVID-19 among autistic adults and adults with intellectual disability and mental health conditions should be recognized by clinicians, and these groups should be prioritized for vaccine outreach. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211039662 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] COVID-19 risk: Adult Medicaid beneficiaries with autism, intellectual disability, and mental health conditions [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Whitney SCHOTT, Auteur ; Sha TAO, Auteur ; Lindsay SHEA, Auteur . - p.975-987. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 26-4 (May 2022) . - p.975-987 Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology  Autistic Disorder/epidemiology  COVID-19/epidemiology  Humans  Intellectual Disability/epidemiology  Medicaid  Mental Health  United States/epidemiology  COVID-19 risk  autism  comorbidities  intellectual disability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic adults, adults with intellectual disability, and adults with other mental health conditions may have higher risk of contracting COVID-19 or experiencing more severe illness from COVID-19 if infected. We used data from Medicaid to look at whether autistic adults and other adults with intellectual disability and other mental health conditions were more likely to have risk factors for COVID-19, such as living in a residential facility, receiving services regularly in the home from outside caregivers, having had a long hospitalization, having had avoidable hospitalizations, and having high-risk health conditions. We found that autistic adults had higher odds of living in a residential facility, receiving in-home services from outside caregivers, having had an avoidable hospitalization, and having a high-risk health condition, compared to neurotypical adults without mental health conditions. Adults with intellectual disability had similar odds of having these conditions. Adults with other mental health conditions were also more likely to live in a residential facility, receive services from outside caregivers, and have had avoidable hospitalizations compared to the neurotypical population without mental health conditions. They had three times higher odds of having a high-risk health condition. High risk of COVID-19 among autistic adults and adults with intellectual disability and mental health conditions should be recognized by clinicians, and these groups should be prioritized for vaccine outreach. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211039662 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Disparities by Race and Ethnicity in Inpatient Hospitalizations Among Autistic Adults / Jessica E. RAST in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54-5 (May 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-5 (May 2024) . - p.1672-1679 Titre : Disparities by Race and Ethnicity in Inpatient Hospitalizations Among Autistic Adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jessica E. RAST, Auteur ; Sherira J. FERNANDES, Auteur ; Whitney SCHOTT, Auteur ; Lindsay L. SHEA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1672-1679 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined hospitalizations in a large, all-payer, nationally representative sample of inpatient hospitalizations in the US and identified differences in rates of hospitalization for conditions by race and ethnicity in autistic adults. Conditions examined included mood disorders, epilepsy, schizophrenia, and ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSCs). Compared to white, non-Hispanic autistic adults, Black, Hispanic, Asian or Pacific Islander (API), and autistic adults of another race had lower prevalence of admission for a principal diagnosis of a mood disorder. Conversely, Black, Hispanic, API, and autistic adults of another race had higher odds of admission for epilepsy than white autistic adults. Black and Hispanic autistic adults were more likely to have schizophrenia as a principal diagnosis compared to white autistic adults, but only Black autistic adults had increased odds for admission for an ACSCs compared to white autistic adults. Differences in diagnosis prevalence among hospitalized autistic adults may suggest differential access to comprehensive outpatient care that could prevent such hospitalizations, while also pointing to concerns of differential validity of diagnostic tools and treatment approaches. Insurance policy and programs should prioritize optimizing outpatient care to ensure access to care and emphasize the need for equitable treatment. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-05911-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=530 [article] Disparities by Race and Ethnicity in Inpatient Hospitalizations Among Autistic Adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jessica E. RAST, Auteur ; Sherira J. FERNANDES, Auteur ; Whitney SCHOTT, Auteur ; Lindsay L. SHEA, Auteur . - p.1672-1679. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-5 (May 2024) . - p.1672-1679 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined hospitalizations in a large, all-payer, nationally representative sample of inpatient hospitalizations in the US and identified differences in rates of hospitalization for conditions by race and ethnicity in autistic adults. Conditions examined included mood disorders, epilepsy, schizophrenia, and ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSCs). Compared to white, non-Hispanic autistic adults, Black, Hispanic, Asian or Pacific Islander (API), and autistic adults of another race had lower prevalence of admission for a principal diagnosis of a mood disorder. Conversely, Black, Hispanic, API, and autistic adults of another race had higher odds of admission for epilepsy than white autistic adults. Black and Hispanic autistic adults were more likely to have schizophrenia as a principal diagnosis compared to white autistic adults, but only Black autistic adults had increased odds for admission for an ACSCs compared to white autistic adults. Differences in diagnosis prevalence among hospitalized autistic adults may suggest differential access to comprehensive outpatient care that could prevent such hospitalizations, while also pointing to concerns of differential validity of diagnostic tools and treatment approaches. Insurance policy and programs should prioritize optimizing outpatient care to ensure access to care and emphasize the need for equitable treatment. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-05911-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=530

Prevalence of high-risk conditions for severe COVID-19 among Medicaid-enrolled children with autism and mental health diagnoses in the United States / Whitney SCHOTT in Autism, 27-7 (October 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-7 (October 2023) . - p.2145-2157 Titre : Prevalence of high-risk conditions for severe COVID-19 among Medicaid-enrolled children with autism and mental health diagnoses in the United States Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Whitney SCHOTT, Auteur ; Sha TAO, Auteur ; Lindsay SHEA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2145-2157 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  COVID-19  medical comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children are at risk of short- and long-term morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. We examine whether autistic children and children with mental health conditions have higher odds of underlying health conditions at high risk of severe disease from COVID-19. We use claims data from a national sample of Medicaid-enrolled children for the years 2008-2016. We examine (1) children with claims for autism and (2) a random sample of children covered by Medicaid, without autism claims but with mental health condition. The comparison group is a random sample of children without autism or any mental health condition. There were 888,487 autistic children, 423,397 with mental health conditions (but not autism or intellectual disability), and 932,625 children without autism or mental health condition. We found 29.5% of autistic children and 25.2% of children with mental health conditions had an underlying condition with high risk for severe illness from COVID, compared to 14.1% of children without these diagnoses. Autistic children had higher odds of having any underlying condition (odds ratio=2.17; 99% confidence interval=2.14-2.20), as did children with mental health conditions (odds ratio=1.71; 99% confidence interval=1.68-1.73), adjusting for basic demographic characteristics. Children with diagnoses of autism and mental health conditions may be at higher risk for severe COVID due to high-risk condition prevalence.Lay abstractChildren are at risk of varying severity of illness and even death from COVID-19. We aim to determine whether autistic children or children with mental health conditions have more underlying health conditions that put people at risk of severe illness from COVID-19. We use data from a national sample of Medicaid-enrolled children for the years 2008-2016. These data include children across the 50 states and the District of Columbia. We compare the prevalence of underlying conditions among autistic children and children with mental health condition to that of other children in Medicaid. This study included 888,487 autistic children, 423,397 with any mental health condition (but not autism), and 932,625 children without any of these diagnoses. We found 29.5% of autistic children and 25.2% of children with mental health conditions had an underlying condition with high risk for severe illness from COVID, compared to 14.1% of children without these diagnoses. Autistic children had over twice the odds of having any underlying conditions, when accounting for age, race, sex, and other characteristics. Children with mental health conditions had 70% higher odds of having these underlying conditions. Mitigation measures in schools and other areas could minimize risk of short- and long-term impacts from COVID for autistic and all children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231155265 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=510 [article] Prevalence of high-risk conditions for severe COVID-19 among Medicaid-enrolled children with autism and mental health diagnoses in the United States [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Whitney SCHOTT, Auteur ; Sha TAO, Auteur ; Lindsay SHEA, Auteur . - p.2145-2157. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-7 (October 2023) . - p.2145-2157 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  COVID-19  medical comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children are at risk of short- and long-term morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. We examine whether autistic children and children with mental health conditions have higher odds of underlying health conditions at high risk of severe disease from COVID-19. We use claims data from a national sample of Medicaid-enrolled children for the years 2008-2016. We examine (1) children with claims for autism and (2) a random sample of children covered by Medicaid, without autism claims but with mental health condition. The comparison group is a random sample of children without autism or any mental health condition. There were 888,487 autistic children, 423,397 with mental health conditions (but not autism or intellectual disability), and 932,625 children without autism or mental health condition. We found 29.5% of autistic children and 25.2% of children with mental health conditions had an underlying condition with high risk for severe illness from COVID, compared to 14.1% of children without these diagnoses. Autistic children had higher odds of having any underlying condition (odds ratio=2.17; 99% confidence interval=2.14-2.20), as did children with mental health conditions (odds ratio=1.71; 99% confidence interval=1.68-1.73), adjusting for basic demographic characteristics. Children with diagnoses of autism and mental health conditions may be at higher risk for severe COVID due to high-risk condition prevalence.Lay abstractChildren are at risk of varying severity of illness and even death from COVID-19. We aim to determine whether autistic children or children with mental health conditions have more underlying health conditions that put people at risk of severe illness from COVID-19. We use data from a national sample of Medicaid-enrolled children for the years 2008-2016. These data include children across the 50 states and the District of Columbia. We compare the prevalence of underlying conditions among autistic children and children with mental health condition to that of other children in Medicaid. This study included 888,487 autistic children, 423,397 with any mental health condition (but not autism), and 932,625 children without any of these diagnoses. We found 29.5% of autistic children and 25.2% of children with mental health conditions had an underlying condition with high risk for severe illness from COVID, compared to 14.1% of children without these diagnoses. Autistic children had over twice the odds of having any underlying conditions, when accounting for age, race, sex, and other characteristics. Children with mental health conditions had 70% higher odds of having these underlying conditions. Mitigation measures in schools and other areas could minimize risk of short- and long-term impacts from COVID for autistic and all children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231155265 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=510

Psychotropic Medication Use in Children and Youth with Autism Enrolled in Medicaid / Jessica E. RAST ; Sha TAO ; Whitney SCHOTT ; Lindsay L. SHEA ; Edward S. BRODKIN ; Connor M. KERNS ; Charles E. Leonard ; Michael J. MURRAY ; Brian K. LEE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 55-1 (January 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 55-1 (January 2025) . - p.258-266 Titre : Psychotropic Medication Use in Children and Youth with Autism Enrolled in Medicaid : Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jessica E. RAST, Auteur ; Sha TAO, Auteur ; Whitney SCHOTT, Auteur ; Lindsay L. SHEA, Auteur ; Edward S. BRODKIN, Auteur ; Connor M. KERNS, Auteur ; Charles E. Leonard, Auteur ; Michael J. MURRAY, Auteur ; Brian K. LEE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.258-266 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism frequently present with complex mental health diagnoses and psychotropic medications are often a component of comprehensive biopsychosocial treatment plans for these conditions. The purpose of this study is to provide rates and patterns of psychotropic medication use, and predictors thereof, in children and youth with autism enrolled in Medicaid across the US. This study examined national Medicaid claims from 2008 to 2016 of all children and youth with autism ages 0-21 years enrolled in Medicaid. Psychotropic medication use was examined across several child and youth characteristics, including age, co-occurring mental health conditions, sex, and race and ethnicity. About half of children and youth with autism enrolled in Medicaid had at least one psychotropic prescription in a year, a number that decreased slightly across the study period due to decreases in the prescription of antipsychotics. As new medications for autism or co-occurring conditions are developed and deployed, and as the understanding of the characteristics of the population of children with autism evolves, studying rates of medication usage helps to understand utilization patterns and differences in access to quality care. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06182-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=546 [article] Psychotropic Medication Use in Children and Youth with Autism Enrolled in Medicaid : Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jessica E. RAST, Auteur ; Sha TAO, Auteur ; Whitney SCHOTT, Auteur ; Lindsay L. SHEA, Auteur ; Edward S. BRODKIN, Auteur ; Connor M. KERNS, Auteur ; Charles E. Leonard, Auteur ; Michael J. MURRAY, Auteur ; Brian K. LEE, Auteur . - p.258-266. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 55-1 (January 2025) . - p.258-266 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism frequently present with complex mental health diagnoses and psychotropic medications are often a component of comprehensive biopsychosocial treatment plans for these conditions. The purpose of this study is to provide rates and patterns of psychotropic medication use, and predictors thereof, in children and youth with autism enrolled in Medicaid across the US. This study examined national Medicaid claims from 2008 to 2016 of all children and youth with autism ages 0-21 years enrolled in Medicaid. Psychotropic medication use was examined across several child and youth characteristics, including age, co-occurring mental health conditions, sex, and race and ethnicity. About half of children and youth with autism enrolled in Medicaid had at least one psychotropic prescription in a year, a number that decreased slightly across the study period due to decreases in the prescription of antipsychotics. As new medications for autism or co-occurring conditions are developed and deployed, and as the understanding of the characteristics of the population of children with autism evolves, studying rates of medication usage helps to understand utilization patterns and differences in access to quality care. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06182-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=546

Service Use and Unmet Needs Among Adults with Autism Awaiting Home- and Community-Based Medicaid Services / Whitney SCHOTT in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-4 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-4 (April 2021) . - p.1188-1200 Titre : Service Use and Unmet Needs Among Adults with Autism Awaiting Home- and Community-Based Medicaid Services Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Whitney SCHOTT, Auteur ; Stacy L. NONNEMACHER, Auteur ; Lindsay SHEA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1188-1200 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adults with autism  Medicaid  Unmet needs  Waiting list Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic adults in need of long-term services and supports spend months on waiting lists before receiving such services through Medicaid. Data from a state-wide survey of adults and their caregivers on a waiting list for autism waivers suggest that the majority have unmet needs for functional skills services (63.6%), employment or vocation services (62.1%), and mental and behavioral health services (52.8%). Almost a third require case management services (28.3%). Predictors of greater service need are African American race and the number of physical and behavioral health diagnoses. Predictors of greater service receipt were employment status, housing type, and school enrollment; there was lower service receipt for African American race, Hispanic ethnicity, over age 21 years, and college completion. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04593-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445 [article] Service Use and Unmet Needs Among Adults with Autism Awaiting Home- and Community-Based Medicaid Services [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Whitney SCHOTT, Auteur ; Stacy L. NONNEMACHER, Auteur ; Lindsay SHEA, Auteur . - p.1188-1200. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-4 (April 2021) . - p.1188-1200 Mots-clés : Adults with autism  Medicaid  Unmet needs  Waiting list Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic adults in need of long-term services and supports spend months on waiting lists before receiving such services through Medicaid. Data from a state-wide survey of adults and their caregivers on a waiting list for autism waivers suggest that the majority have unmet needs for functional skills services (63.6%), employment or vocation services (62.1%), and mental and behavioral health services (52.8%). Almost a third require case management services (28.3%). Predictors of greater service need are African American race and the number of physical and behavioral health diagnoses. Predictors of greater service receipt were employment status, housing type, and school enrollment; there was lower service receipt for African American race, Hispanic ethnicity, over age 21 years, and college completion. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04593-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445

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