Contrasting Views of Autism Spectrum Traits in Adults, Especially in Self-Reports vs. Informant-Reports for Women High in Autism Spectrum Traits / Sara C. TAYLOR in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-3 (March 2024) . - p.1088-1100 Titre : Contrasting Views of Autism Spectrum Traits in Adults, Especially in Self-Reports vs. Informant-Reports for Women High in Autism Spectrum Traits Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sara C. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Brielle N. GEHRINGER, Auteur ; Holly C. DOW, Auteur ; Allison LANGER, Auteur ; Eric RAWOT, Auteur ; Zoe SMERNOFF, Auteur ; Samantha STEEMAN, Auteur ; Laura ALMASY, Auteur ; Daniel J. RADER, Auteur ; Maja BUÄŒAN, Auteur ; Edward S. BRODKIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1088-1100 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is uncertainty among researchers and clinicians about how to best measure autism spectrum dimensional traits in adults. In a sample of adults with high levels of autism spectrum traits and without intellectual disability (probands, n = 103) and their family members (n = 96), we sought to compare self vs. informant reports of autism spectrum-related traits and possible effects of sex on discrepancies. Using correlational analysis, we found poor agreement between self- and informant-report measures for probands, yet moderate agreement for family members. We found reporting discrepancy was greatest for female probands, often self-reporting more autism-related behaviors. Our findings suggest that autism spectrum traits are often underrecognized by informants, making self-report data important to collect in clinical and research settings. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05822-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=524 [article] Contrasting Views of Autism Spectrum Traits in Adults, Especially in Self-Reports vs. Informant-Reports for Women High in Autism Spectrum Traits [texte imprimé] / Sara C. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Brielle N. GEHRINGER, Auteur ; Holly C. DOW, Auteur ; Allison LANGER, Auteur ; Eric RAWOT, Auteur ; Zoe SMERNOFF, Auteur ; Samantha STEEMAN, Auteur ; Laura ALMASY, Auteur ; Daniel J. RADER, Auteur ; Maja BUÄŒAN, Auteur ; Edward S. BRODKIN, Auteur . - p.1088-1100. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-3 (March 2024) . - p.1088-1100 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is uncertainty among researchers and clinicians about how to best measure autism spectrum dimensional traits in adults. In a sample of adults with high levels of autism spectrum traits and without intellectual disability (probands, n = 103) and their family members (n = 96), we sought to compare self vs. informant reports of autism spectrum-related traits and possible effects of sex on discrepancies. Using correlational analysis, we found poor agreement between self- and informant-report measures for probands, yet moderate agreement for family members. We found reporting discrepancy was greatest for female probands, often self-reporting more autism-related behaviors. Our findings suggest that autism spectrum traits are often underrecognized by informants, making self-report data important to collect in clinical and research settings. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05822-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=524

Heritability of quantitative autism spectrum traits in adults: A family-based study / Sara C. TAYLOR in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1543-1553 Titre : Heritability of quantitative autism spectrum traits in adults: A family-based study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sara C. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Samantha STEEMAN, Auteur ; Brielle N. GEHRINGER, Auteur ; Holly C. DOW, Auteur ; Allison LANGER, Auteur ; Eric RAWOT, Auteur ; Leat PEREZ, Auteur ; Matthew GOODMAN, Auteur ; Zoe SMERNOFF, Auteur ; Mahip GREWAL, Auteur ; Oceania ESHRAGHI, Auteur ; Ashley A. PALLATHRA, Auteur ; Catherine OKSAS, Auteur ; Melissa MENDEZ, Auteur ; Ruben C. GUR, Auteur ; Daniel J. RADER, Auteur ; Maja BUÄŒAN, Auteur ; Laura ALMASY, Auteur ; Edward S. BRODKIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1543-1553 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics  Autistic Disorder  Executive Function  Humans  Phenotype  Surveys and Questionnaires  adult  autism spectrum disorder  family studies  heritability  phenotype  quantitative trait Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) comprises a multi-dimensional set of quantitative behavioral traits expressed along a continuum in autistic and neurotypical individuals. ASD diagnosis-a dichotomous trait-is known to be highly heritable and has been used as the phenotype for most ASD genetic studies. But less is known about the heritability of autism spectrum quantitative traits, especially in adults, an important prerequisite for gene discovery. We sought to measure the heritability of many autism-relevant quantitative traits in adults high in autism spectrum traits and their extended family members. Among adults high in autism spectrum traits (n = 158) and their extended family members (n = 245), we calculated univariate and bivariate heritability estimates for 19 autism spectrum traits across several behavioral domains. We found nearly all tested autism spectrum quantitative traits to be significantly heritable (h(2)  = 0.24-0.79), including overall ASD traits, restricted repetitive behaviors, broader autism phenotype traits, social anxiety, and executive functioning. The degree of shared heritability varied based on method and specificity of the assessment measure. We found high shared heritability for the self-report measures and for most of the informant-report measures, with little shared heritability among performance-based cognition tasks. These findings suggest that many autism spectrum quantitative traits would be good, feasible candidates for future genetics studies, allowing for an increase in the power of autism gene discovery. Our findings suggest that the degree of shared heritability between traits depends on the assessment method (self-report vs. informant-report vs. performance-based tasks), as well as trait-specificity. LAY SUMMARY: We found that the scores from questionnaires and tasks measuring different types of behaviors and abilities related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) were heritable (strongly influenced by gene variants passed down through a family) among autistic adults and their family members. These findings mean that these scores can be used in future studies interested in identifying specific genes and gene variants that are associated with different behaviors and abilities related with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2571 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 [article] Heritability of quantitative autism spectrum traits in adults: A family-based study [texte imprimé] / Sara C. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Samantha STEEMAN, Auteur ; Brielle N. GEHRINGER, Auteur ; Holly C. DOW, Auteur ; Allison LANGER, Auteur ; Eric RAWOT, Auteur ; Leat PEREZ, Auteur ; Matthew GOODMAN, Auteur ; Zoe SMERNOFF, Auteur ; Mahip GREWAL, Auteur ; Oceania ESHRAGHI, Auteur ; Ashley A. PALLATHRA, Auteur ; Catherine OKSAS, Auteur ; Melissa MENDEZ, Auteur ; Ruben C. GUR, Auteur ; Daniel J. RADER, Auteur ; Maja BUÄŒAN, Auteur ; Laura ALMASY, Auteur ; Edward S. BRODKIN, Auteur . - p.1543-1553. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1543-1553 Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics  Autistic Disorder  Executive Function  Humans  Phenotype  Surveys and Questionnaires  adult  autism spectrum disorder  family studies  heritability  phenotype  quantitative trait Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) comprises a multi-dimensional set of quantitative behavioral traits expressed along a continuum in autistic and neurotypical individuals. ASD diagnosis-a dichotomous trait-is known to be highly heritable and has been used as the phenotype for most ASD genetic studies. But less is known about the heritability of autism spectrum quantitative traits, especially in adults, an important prerequisite for gene discovery. We sought to measure the heritability of many autism-relevant quantitative traits in adults high in autism spectrum traits and their extended family members. Among adults high in autism spectrum traits (n = 158) and their extended family members (n = 245), we calculated univariate and bivariate heritability estimates for 19 autism spectrum traits across several behavioral domains. We found nearly all tested autism spectrum quantitative traits to be significantly heritable (h(2)  = 0.24-0.79), including overall ASD traits, restricted repetitive behaviors, broader autism phenotype traits, social anxiety, and executive functioning. The degree of shared heritability varied based on method and specificity of the assessment measure. We found high shared heritability for the self-report measures and for most of the informant-report measures, with little shared heritability among performance-based cognition tasks. These findings suggest that many autism spectrum quantitative traits would be good, feasible candidates for future genetics studies, allowing for an increase in the power of autism gene discovery. Our findings suggest that the degree of shared heritability between traits depends on the assessment method (self-report vs. informant-report vs. performance-based tasks), as well as trait-specificity. LAY SUMMARY: We found that the scores from questionnaires and tasks measuring different types of behaviors and abilities related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) were heritable (strongly influenced by gene variants passed down through a family) among autistic adults and their family members. These findings mean that these scores can be used in future studies interested in identifying specific genes and gene variants that are associated with different behaviors and abilities related with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2571 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449

Sleep and activity patterns in autism / J. Dylan WEISSENKAMPEN in Autism, 30-3 (March 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 30-3 (March 2026) . - p.767-787 Titre : Sleep and activity patterns in autism Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : J. Dylan WEISSENKAMPEN, Auteur ; Arpita GHORAI, Auteur ; Thaise N.R. CARNEIRO, Auteur ; Maria FASOLINO, Auteur ; Brielle N. GEHRINGER, Auteur ; Maya RAJAN, Auteur ; Holly C. DOW, Auteur ; Shriya KUNATHARAJU, Auteur ; Till ROENNEBERG, Auteur ; Ronnie SEBRO, Auteur ; Daniel J. RADER, Auteur ; Brendan T. KEENAN, Auteur ; Laura ALMASY, Auteur ; Edward S. BRODKIN, Auteur ; Maja BUÄŒAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.767-787 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : actimetry  autism  circadian behavior  physical activity  sleep Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism is a heritable neurodevelopmental condition marked by impaired social interaction, repetitive behavior, and co-occurring conditions. Sleep disturbances are common in autism. This study uses low-cost wearable devices to compare sleep, physical activity, and circadian behavior in autistic adults and their non-autistic relatives. We recruited 318 autistic individuals and 130 family members, collecting accelerometer data over 3 weeks (8249 days). Using a data-driven approach, we identified actimetry-derived features associated with autism. We examined 308 traits using the elastic net algorithm and linear mixed effects regressions. We identified 52 actimetry measures associated with autism (area under the curve: 0.812; confidence interval: 0.761–0.862), validated in a test set (area under the curve: 0.756; confidence interval: 0.700–0.813). Both mean and day-to-day variability in several measures (e.g., time spent sedentary, total light physical activity) were associated with autism. In autistic individuals, reduced physical activity during wake was more strongly associated with shorter sleep time than in non-autistic relatives (likelihood ratio: 41.6; p = 1.13e−10). Reduced physical activity in autistic individuals was linked to increased social impairment, as measured by the Social Responsiveness Scale. Long inactivity periods and lower physical activity levels were associated with autism, correlating with less sleep and later sleep onset. Interventional studies are needed to explore if improving sleep and physical activity can improve the quality of life for autistic individuals.Lay Abstract Autistic individuals frequently report problems with their sleep, though what aspects of sleep are most affected is not well understood. In this study, we recruited 318 adult autistic participants without intellectual disability and 130 of their non-autistic family members to measure their sleep, physical activity, and daily routines. Study participants wore accelerometer-based wrist-worn devices over 3 consecutive weeks to record their movement and activity. In total, 154 distinct physical activity, sleep, and behavioral traits were identified from the recordings, 52 of which were found to associate with autism. Many of these traits were related to physical activity, where autistic individuals were more likely to be less active for longer periods and have lower overall physical activity levels. Long periods of inactivity also associated with less sleep, with a stronger association in those with autism. For example, for every hour of inactivity, autistic participants had on average ~23 min less of sleep compared to ~17 min in their family members. Autistic individuals with lower levels of physical activity showed higher social impairment as measured by the Social Responsiveness Scale. Overall, lower physical activity may impair sleep and worsen the core features of autism. Interventional studies aimed to increase physical activity may improve the quality of life of autistic individuals. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613251413538 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=582 [article] Sleep and activity patterns in autism [texte imprimé] / J. Dylan WEISSENKAMPEN, Auteur ; Arpita GHORAI, Auteur ; Thaise N.R. CARNEIRO, Auteur ; Maria FASOLINO, Auteur ; Brielle N. GEHRINGER, Auteur ; Maya RAJAN, Auteur ; Holly C. DOW, Auteur ; Shriya KUNATHARAJU, Auteur ; Till ROENNEBERG, Auteur ; Ronnie SEBRO, Auteur ; Daniel J. RADER, Auteur ; Brendan T. KEENAN, Auteur ; Laura ALMASY, Auteur ; Edward S. BRODKIN, Auteur ; Maja BUÄŒAN, Auteur . - p.767-787. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 30-3 (March 2026) . - p.767-787 Mots-clés : actimetry  autism  circadian behavior  physical activity  sleep Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism is a heritable neurodevelopmental condition marked by impaired social interaction, repetitive behavior, and co-occurring conditions. Sleep disturbances are common in autism. This study uses low-cost wearable devices to compare sleep, physical activity, and circadian behavior in autistic adults and their non-autistic relatives. We recruited 318 autistic individuals and 130 family members, collecting accelerometer data over 3 weeks (8249 days). Using a data-driven approach, we identified actimetry-derived features associated with autism. We examined 308 traits using the elastic net algorithm and linear mixed effects regressions. We identified 52 actimetry measures associated with autism (area under the curve: 0.812; confidence interval: 0.761–0.862), validated in a test set (area under the curve: 0.756; confidence interval: 0.700–0.813). Both mean and day-to-day variability in several measures (e.g., time spent sedentary, total light physical activity) were associated with autism. In autistic individuals, reduced physical activity during wake was more strongly associated with shorter sleep time than in non-autistic relatives (likelihood ratio: 41.6; p = 1.13e−10). Reduced physical activity in autistic individuals was linked to increased social impairment, as measured by the Social Responsiveness Scale. Long inactivity periods and lower physical activity levels were associated with autism, correlating with less sleep and later sleep onset. Interventional studies are needed to explore if improving sleep and physical activity can improve the quality of life for autistic individuals.Lay Abstract Autistic individuals frequently report problems with their sleep, though what aspects of sleep are most affected is not well understood. In this study, we recruited 318 adult autistic participants without intellectual disability and 130 of their non-autistic family members to measure their sleep, physical activity, and daily routines. Study participants wore accelerometer-based wrist-worn devices over 3 consecutive weeks to record their movement and activity. In total, 154 distinct physical activity, sleep, and behavioral traits were identified from the recordings, 52 of which were found to associate with autism. Many of these traits were related to physical activity, where autistic individuals were more likely to be less active for longer periods and have lower overall physical activity levels. Long periods of inactivity also associated with less sleep, with a stronger association in those with autism. For example, for every hour of inactivity, autistic participants had on average ~23 min less of sleep compared to ~17 min in their family members. Autistic individuals with lower levels of physical activity showed higher social impairment as measured by the Social Responsiveness Scale. Overall, lower physical activity may impair sleep and worsen the core features of autism. Interventional studies aimed to increase physical activity may improve the quality of life of autistic individuals. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613251413538 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=582

The relationship between autism spectrum and sleep-wake traits / Stacey D. ELKHATIB SMIDT in Autism Research, 15-4 (April 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.641-652 Titre : The relationship between autism spectrum and sleep-wake traits Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Stacey D. ELKHATIB SMIDT, Auteur ; Arpita GHORAI, Auteur ; Sara C. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Brielle N. GEHRINGER, Auteur ; Holly C. DOW, Auteur ; Allison LANGER, Auteur ; Eric RAWOT, Auteur ; Jing ZHANG, Auteur ; Jonathan A. MITCHELL, Auteur ; Daniel J. RADER, Auteur ; Laura ALMASY, Auteur ; Edward S. BRODKIN, Auteur ; Maja BUÄŒAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.641-652 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Autistic Disorder/complications  Child  Humans  Quality of Life  Sleep  Sleep Wake Disorders/complications  adults  autism spectrum disorder  children  executive function Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic children and adults often have sleep disturbances, which may affect their and their family's quality of life. Yet, the relationship between sleep-wake patterns and autism spectrum traits is understudied. Identifying such relationships could lead to future research elucidating common mechanistic underpinnings. Thus, we aimed to determine whether sleep-wake patterns, specifically related to sleep, physical activity, and the daily sleep-wake rhythm (i.e., circadian rhythm), are associated with autism spectrum-related traits. Accelerometer-derived sleep-wake parameters were estimated in individuals with autistic spectrum traits and their family members (N = 267). We evaluated autism spectrum traits using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) to assess the presence and severity of social impairment and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) to assess executive function. The linear multivariate regression analysis (using SOLAR-Eclipse) showed that in adults, increased core autism spectrum traits and executive dysfunction were associated with disruption of several sleep-wake parameters, particularly related to the daily sleep-wake rhythm, and that executive dysfunction was associated with disrupted sleep quality and level of physical activity. We highlight the interplay between daytime function and disrupted sleep-wake patterns, specifically related to the daily sleep-wake rhythm, that could guide future research into common mechanisms. LAY SUMMARY: Autistic children and adults often report sleep disturbances. To dissect the relationship between a range of autism spectrum traits and sleep-wake patterns, we assessed social interaction and executive function in participants who also wore actimetry watches on their wrists to assess their sleep-wake patterns. We found that increased impairments in social and executive function occurred with increased sleep-wake disturbances, particularly those related to the circadian rhythm, suggesting that these perturbations/disruptions in the sleep-wake cycle could be connected to autism spectrum traits. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2660 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] The relationship between autism spectrum and sleep-wake traits [texte imprimé] / Stacey D. ELKHATIB SMIDT, Auteur ; Arpita GHORAI, Auteur ; Sara C. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Brielle N. GEHRINGER, Auteur ; Holly C. DOW, Auteur ; Allison LANGER, Auteur ; Eric RAWOT, Auteur ; Jing ZHANG, Auteur ; Jonathan A. MITCHELL, Auteur ; Daniel J. RADER, Auteur ; Laura ALMASY, Auteur ; Edward S. BRODKIN, Auteur ; Maja BUÄŒAN, Auteur . - p.641-652. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-4 (April 2022) . - p.641-652 Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Autistic Disorder/complications  Child  Humans  Quality of Life  Sleep  Sleep Wake Disorders/complications  adults  autism spectrum disorder  children  executive function Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic children and adults often have sleep disturbances, which may affect their and their family's quality of life. Yet, the relationship between sleep-wake patterns and autism spectrum traits is understudied. Identifying such relationships could lead to future research elucidating common mechanistic underpinnings. Thus, we aimed to determine whether sleep-wake patterns, specifically related to sleep, physical activity, and the daily sleep-wake rhythm (i.e., circadian rhythm), are associated with autism spectrum-related traits. Accelerometer-derived sleep-wake parameters were estimated in individuals with autistic spectrum traits and their family members (N = 267). We evaluated autism spectrum traits using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) to assess the presence and severity of social impairment and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) to assess executive function. The linear multivariate regression analysis (using SOLAR-Eclipse) showed that in adults, increased core autism spectrum traits and executive dysfunction were associated with disruption of several sleep-wake parameters, particularly related to the daily sleep-wake rhythm, and that executive dysfunction was associated with disrupted sleep quality and level of physical activity. We highlight the interplay between daytime function and disrupted sleep-wake patterns, specifically related to the daily sleep-wake rhythm, that could guide future research into common mechanisms. LAY SUMMARY: Autistic children and adults often report sleep disturbances. To dissect the relationship between a range of autism spectrum traits and sleep-wake patterns, we assessed social interaction and executive function in participants who also wore actimetry watches on their wrists to assess their sleep-wake patterns. We found that increased impairments in social and executive function occurred with increased sleep-wake disturbances, particularly those related to the circadian rhythm, suggesting that these perturbations/disruptions in the sleep-wake cycle could be connected to autism spectrum traits. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2660 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

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