Attention Allocation During Exploration of Visual Arrays in ASD: Results from the ABC-CT Feasibility Study / Tawny TSANG in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 53-8 (August 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 53-8 (August 2023) . - p.3220-3229 Titre : Attention Allocation During Exploration of Visual Arrays in ASD: Results from the ABC-CT Feasibility Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tawny TSANG, Auteur ; Adam J. NAPLES, Auteur ; Erin C. BARNEY, Auteur ; Minhang XIE, Auteur ; Raphael BERNIER, Auteur ; Geraldine DAWSON, Auteur ; James DZIURA, Auteur ; Susan FAJA, Auteur ; Shafali Spurling JESTE, Auteur ; James C. MCPARTLAND, Auteur ; Charles A. NELSON, Auteur ; Michael MURIAS, Auteur ; Helen SEOW, Auteur ; Catherine SUGAR, Auteur ; Sara J. WEBB, Auteur ; Frederick SHIC, Auteur ; Scott P. JOHNSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3220-3229 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Visual exploration paradigms involving object arrays have been used to examine salience of social stimuli such as faces in ASD. Recent work suggests performance on these paradigms may associate with clinical features of ASD. We evaluate metrics from a visual exploration paradigm in 4-to-11-year-old children with ASD (n?=?23; 18 males) and typical development (TD; n?=?23; 13 males). Presented with arrays containing faces and nonsocial stimuli, children with ASD looked less at (p?=?0.002) and showed fewer fixations to (p?=?0.022) faces than TD children, and spent less time looking at each object on average (p?=?0.004). Attention to the screen and faces correlated positively with social and cognitive skills in the ASD group (ps? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05569-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508 [article] Attention Allocation During Exploration of Visual Arrays in ASD: Results from the ABC-CT Feasibility Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tawny TSANG, Auteur ; Adam J. NAPLES, Auteur ; Erin C. BARNEY, Auteur ; Minhang XIE, Auteur ; Raphael BERNIER, Auteur ; Geraldine DAWSON, Auteur ; James DZIURA, Auteur ; Susan FAJA, Auteur ; Shafali Spurling JESTE, Auteur ; James C. MCPARTLAND, Auteur ; Charles A. NELSON, Auteur ; Michael MURIAS, Auteur ; Helen SEOW, Auteur ; Catherine SUGAR, Auteur ; Sara J. WEBB, Auteur ; Frederick SHIC, Auteur ; Scott P. JOHNSON, Auteur . - p.3220-3229. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 53-8 (August 2023) . - p.3220-3229 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Visual exploration paradigms involving object arrays have been used to examine salience of social stimuli such as faces in ASD. Recent work suggests performance on these paradigms may associate with clinical features of ASD. We evaluate metrics from a visual exploration paradigm in 4-to-11-year-old children with ASD (n?=?23; 18 males) and typical development (TD; n?=?23; 13 males). Presented with arrays containing faces and nonsocial stimuli, children with ASD looked less at (p?=?0.002) and showed fewer fixations to (p?=?0.022) faces than TD children, and spent less time looking at each object on average (p?=?0.004). Attention to the screen and faces correlated positively with social and cognitive skills in the ASD group (ps? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05569-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508

Concomitant medication use in children with autism spectrum disorder: Data from the Autism Biomarkers Consortium for Clinical Trials / Logan SHURTZ in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.952-966 Titre : Concomitant medication use in children with autism spectrum disorder: Data from the Autism Biomarkers Consortium for Clinical Trials Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Logan SHURTZ, Auteur ; Chloe SCHWARTZ, Auteur ; Charlotte DISTEFANO, Auteur ; James C MCPARTLAND, Auteur ; April R LEVIN, Auteur ; Geraldine DAWSON, Auteur ; Natalia M KLEINHANS, Auteur ; Susan FAJA, Auteur ; Sara J WEBB, Auteur ; Frederick SHIC, Auteur ; Adam J NAPLES, Auteur ; Helen SEOW, Auteur ; Raphael A BERNIER, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur ; Catherine A SUGAR, Auteur ; James DZIURA, Auteur ; Damla SENTURK, Auteur ; Megha SANTHOSH, Auteur ; Shafali S JESTE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.952-966 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : aberrant behavior checklist,antipsychotics,autism spectrum disorders,clinical trials,medications,Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder are prescribed various medications to address behavior and mood. In clinical trials, individuals taking concomitant psychotropic medications often are excluded to maintain homogeneity and prevent contamination of clinical endpoints. However, this choice may compromise the representativeness of the sample. In a recent study designed to identify biomarkers and endpoints for clinical trials (the Autism Biomarkers Consortium for Clinical Trials), school-age children with autism spectrum disorder were enrolled without excluding for medications, providing the opportunity to examine characteristics of psychotropic medication use and guide future decisions on medication-related inclusion criteria. The aims of the current analysis were (1) to quantify the frequency and type of psychotropic medications reported in school-age children enrolled in the study and (2) to examine behavioral features of children with autism spectrum disorder based on medication classes. Of the 280 children with autism spectrum disorder in the cohort, 42.5% were taking psychotropic medications, with polypharmacy in half. The most commonly reported psychotropic medications included melatonin, stimulants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, alpha agonists, and antipsychotics. Our findings suggest that exclusion of children taking concomitant psychotropic medications could limit the representativeness of the study population, perhaps even excluding children who may most benefit from new treatment options.Lay abstractChildren with autism spectrum disorder are prescribed a variety of medications that affect the central nervous system (psychotropic medications) to address behavior and mood. In clinical trials, individuals taking concomitant psychotropic medications often are excluded to maintain homogeneity of the sample and prevent contamination of biomarkers or clinical endpoints. However, this choice may significantly diminish the clinical representativeness of the sample. In a recent multisite study designed to identify biomarkers and behavioral endpoints for clinical trials (the Autism Biomarkers Consortium for Clinical Trials), school-age children with autism spectrum disorder were enrolled without excluding for medications, thus providing a unique opportunity to examine characteristics of psychotropic medication use in a research cohort and to guide future decisions on medication-related inclusion criteria. The aims of the current analysis were (1) to quantify the frequency and type of psychotropic medications reported in school-age children enrolled in the ABC-CT and (2) to examine behavioral features of children with autism spectrum disorder based on medication classes. Of the 280 children with autism spectrum disorder in the cohort, 42.5% were taking psychotropic medications, with polypharmacy in half of these children. The most commonly reported psychotropic medications included melatonin, stimulants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, alpha agonists, and antipsychotics. Descriptive analysis showed that children taking antipsychotics displayed a trend toward greater overall impairment. Our findings suggest that exclusion of children taking concomitant psychotropic medications in trials could limit the clinical representativeness of the study population, perhaps even excluding children who may most benefit from new treatment options. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221121425 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Concomitant medication use in children with autism spectrum disorder: Data from the Autism Biomarkers Consortium for Clinical Trials [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Logan SHURTZ, Auteur ; Chloe SCHWARTZ, Auteur ; Charlotte DISTEFANO, Auteur ; James C MCPARTLAND, Auteur ; April R LEVIN, Auteur ; Geraldine DAWSON, Auteur ; Natalia M KLEINHANS, Auteur ; Susan FAJA, Auteur ; Sara J WEBB, Auteur ; Frederick SHIC, Auteur ; Adam J NAPLES, Auteur ; Helen SEOW, Auteur ; Raphael A BERNIER, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHAWARSKA, Auteur ; Catherine A SUGAR, Auteur ; James DZIURA, Auteur ; Damla SENTURK, Auteur ; Megha SANTHOSH, Auteur ; Shafali S JESTE, Auteur . - p.952-966. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.952-966 Mots-clés : aberrant behavior checklist,antipsychotics,autism spectrum disorders,clinical trials,medications,Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder are prescribed various medications to address behavior and mood. In clinical trials, individuals taking concomitant psychotropic medications often are excluded to maintain homogeneity and prevent contamination of clinical endpoints. However, this choice may compromise the representativeness of the sample. In a recent study designed to identify biomarkers and endpoints for clinical trials (the Autism Biomarkers Consortium for Clinical Trials), school-age children with autism spectrum disorder were enrolled without excluding for medications, providing the opportunity to examine characteristics of psychotropic medication use and guide future decisions on medication-related inclusion criteria. The aims of the current analysis were (1) to quantify the frequency and type of psychotropic medications reported in school-age children enrolled in the study and (2) to examine behavioral features of children with autism spectrum disorder based on medication classes. Of the 280 children with autism spectrum disorder in the cohort, 42.5% were taking psychotropic medications, with polypharmacy in half. The most commonly reported psychotropic medications included melatonin, stimulants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, alpha agonists, and antipsychotics. Our findings suggest that exclusion of children taking concomitant psychotropic medications could limit the representativeness of the study population, perhaps even excluding children who may most benefit from new treatment options.Lay abstractChildren with autism spectrum disorder are prescribed a variety of medications that affect the central nervous system (psychotropic medications) to address behavior and mood. In clinical trials, individuals taking concomitant psychotropic medications often are excluded to maintain homogeneity of the sample and prevent contamination of biomarkers or clinical endpoints. However, this choice may significantly diminish the clinical representativeness of the sample. In a recent multisite study designed to identify biomarkers and behavioral endpoints for clinical trials (the Autism Biomarkers Consortium for Clinical Trials), school-age children with autism spectrum disorder were enrolled without excluding for medications, thus providing a unique opportunity to examine characteristics of psychotropic medication use in a research cohort and to guide future decisions on medication-related inclusion criteria. The aims of the current analysis were (1) to quantify the frequency and type of psychotropic medications reported in school-age children enrolled in the ABC-CT and (2) to examine behavioral features of children with autism spectrum disorder based on medication classes. Of the 280 children with autism spectrum disorder in the cohort, 42.5% were taking psychotropic medications, with polypharmacy in half of these children. The most commonly reported psychotropic medications included melatonin, stimulants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, alpha agonists, and antipsychotics. Descriptive analysis showed that children taking antipsychotics displayed a trend toward greater overall impairment. Our findings suggest that exclusion of children taking concomitant psychotropic medications in trials could limit the clinical representativeness of the study population, perhaps even excluding children who may most benefit from new treatment options. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221121425 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

The autism biomarkers consortium for clinical trials: evaluation of a battery of candidate eye-tracking biomarkers for use in autism clinical trials / Frederick SHIC in Molecular Autism, 13 (2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 15 p. Titre : The autism biomarkers consortium for clinical trials: evaluation of a battery of candidate eye-tracking biomarkers for use in autism clinical trials Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Frederick SHIC, Auteur ; Adam J. NAPLES, Auteur ; Erin C. BARNEY, Auteur ; Shou An CHANG, Auteur ; Beibin LI, Auteur ; Takumi MCALLISTER, Auteur ; Minah KIM, Auteur ; Kelsey J. DOMMER, Auteur ; Simone HASSELMO, Auteur ; Adham ATYABI, Auteur ; Quan WANG, Auteur ; Gerhard HELLEMAN, Auteur ; April R. LEVIN, Auteur ; Helen SEOW, Auteur ; Raphael BERNIER, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHARWASKA, Auteur ; Geraldine DAWSON, Auteur ; James DZIURA, Auteur ; Susan FAJA, Auteur ; Shafali SPURLING JESTE, Auteur ; Scott P. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Michael MURIAS, Auteur ; Charles A. NELSON, Auteur ; Maura SABATOS-DEVITO, Auteur ; Damla SENTURK, Auteur ; Catherine A. SUGAR, Auteur ; Sara J. WEBB, Auteur ; James C. MCPARTLAND, Auteur Article en page(s) : 15 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/psychology  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis  Biomarkers  Child  Eye Movements  Eye-Tracking Technology  Humans  Autism spectrum disorder  Biological motion  Eye tracking  Face processing  Gaze pattern  Visual attention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Eye tracking (ET) is a powerful methodology for studying attentional processes through quantification of eye movements. The precision, usability, and cost-effectiveness of ET render it a promising platform for developing biomarkers for use in clinical trials for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS: The autism biomarkers consortium for clinical trials conducted a multisite, observational study of 6-11-year-old children with ASD (n=280) and typical development (TD, n=119). The ET battery included: Activity Monitoring, Social Interactive, Static Social Scenes, Biological Motion Preference, and Pupillary Light Reflex tasks. A priori, gaze to faces in Activity Monitoring, Social Interactive, and Static Social Scenes tasks were aggregated into an Oculomotor Index of Gaze to Human Faces (OMI) as the primary outcome measure. This work reports on fundamental biomarker properties (data acquisition rates, construct validity, six-week stability, group discrimination, and clinical relationships) derived from these assays that serve as a base for subsequent development of clinical trial biomarker applications. RESULTS: All tasks exhibited excellent acquisition rates, met expectations for construct validity, had moderate or high six-week stabilities, and highlighted subsets of the ASD group with distinct biomarker performance. Within ASD, higher OMI was associated with increased memory for faces, decreased autism symptom severity, and higher verbal IQ and pragmatic communication skills. LIMITATIONS: No specific interventions were administered in this study, limiting information about how ET biomarkers track or predict outcomes in response to treatment. This study did not consider co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions nor specificity in comparison with non-ASD special populations, therefore limiting our understanding of the applicability of outcomes to specific clinical contexts-of-use. Research-grade protocols and equipment were used; further studies are needed to explore deployment in less standardized contexts. CONCLUSIONS: All ET tasks met expectations regarding biomarker properties, with strongest performance for tasks associated with attention to human faces and weakest performance associated with biological motion preference. Based on these data, the OMI has been accepted to the FDA's Biomarker Qualification program, providing a path for advancing efforts to develop biomarkers for use in clinical trials. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00482-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=477 [article] The autism biomarkers consortium for clinical trials: evaluation of a battery of candidate eye-tracking biomarkers for use in autism clinical trials [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Frederick SHIC, Auteur ; Adam J. NAPLES, Auteur ; Erin C. BARNEY, Auteur ; Shou An CHANG, Auteur ; Beibin LI, Auteur ; Takumi MCALLISTER, Auteur ; Minah KIM, Auteur ; Kelsey J. DOMMER, Auteur ; Simone HASSELMO, Auteur ; Adham ATYABI, Auteur ; Quan WANG, Auteur ; Gerhard HELLEMAN, Auteur ; April R. LEVIN, Auteur ; Helen SEOW, Auteur ; Raphael BERNIER, Auteur ; Katarzyna CHARWASKA, Auteur ; Geraldine DAWSON, Auteur ; James DZIURA, Auteur ; Susan FAJA, Auteur ; Shafali SPURLING JESTE, Auteur ; Scott P. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Michael MURIAS, Auteur ; Charles A. NELSON, Auteur ; Maura SABATOS-DEVITO, Auteur ; Damla SENTURK, Auteur ; Catherine A. SUGAR, Auteur ; Sara J. WEBB, Auteur ; James C. MCPARTLAND, Auteur . - 15 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 15 p. Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/psychology  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis  Biomarkers  Child  Eye Movements  Eye-Tracking Technology  Humans  Autism spectrum disorder  Biological motion  Eye tracking  Face processing  Gaze pattern  Visual attention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Eye tracking (ET) is a powerful methodology for studying attentional processes through quantification of eye movements. The precision, usability, and cost-effectiveness of ET render it a promising platform for developing biomarkers for use in clinical trials for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS: The autism biomarkers consortium for clinical trials conducted a multisite, observational study of 6-11-year-old children with ASD (n=280) and typical development (TD, n=119). The ET battery included: Activity Monitoring, Social Interactive, Static Social Scenes, Biological Motion Preference, and Pupillary Light Reflex tasks. A priori, gaze to faces in Activity Monitoring, Social Interactive, and Static Social Scenes tasks were aggregated into an Oculomotor Index of Gaze to Human Faces (OMI) as the primary outcome measure. This work reports on fundamental biomarker properties (data acquisition rates, construct validity, six-week stability, group discrimination, and clinical relationships) derived from these assays that serve as a base for subsequent development of clinical trial biomarker applications. RESULTS: All tasks exhibited excellent acquisition rates, met expectations for construct validity, had moderate or high six-week stabilities, and highlighted subsets of the ASD group with distinct biomarker performance. Within ASD, higher OMI was associated with increased memory for faces, decreased autism symptom severity, and higher verbal IQ and pragmatic communication skills. LIMITATIONS: No specific interventions were administered in this study, limiting information about how ET biomarkers track or predict outcomes in response to treatment. This study did not consider co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions nor specificity in comparison with non-ASD special populations, therefore limiting our understanding of the applicability of outcomes to specific clinical contexts-of-use. Research-grade protocols and equipment were used; further studies are needed to explore deployment in less standardized contexts. CONCLUSIONS: All ET tasks met expectations regarding biomarker properties, with strongest performance for tasks associated with attention to human faces and weakest performance associated with biological motion preference. Based on these data, the OMI has been accepted to the FDA's Biomarker Qualification program, providing a path for advancing efforts to develop biomarkers for use in clinical trials. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00482-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=477

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