Cognitive defusion for reducing distressing thoughts in adults with autism / Max E. MAISEL in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 59 (March 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 59 (March 2019) . - p.34-45 Titre : Cognitive defusion for reducing distressing thoughts in adults with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Max E. MAISEL, Auteur ; Kevin G. STEPHENSON, Auteur ; Jonathan C. COX, Auteur ; Mikle SOUTH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.34-45 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Inflexibility  Cognitive fusion  Anxiety  Depression  Acceptance and commitment therapy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Cognitive fusion occurs when people over-identify with their thoughts, leading to a strong emotional response and a narrowed behavioral repertoire. Cognitive defusion (CD) is a technique used in acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) to teach people how to pay attention to the process of thinking, thereby reducing the negative effect of over-identification and allowing people to behave in more adaptive ways. CD has been widely studied in neurotypical (NT) samples, but there is little research on cognitive fusion and related interventions for people diagnosed with autism (AS). Method Sixty-eight adult participants (AS group n?=?27; NT group n?=?41) answered questionnaires measuring psychological distress and dispositional levels of cognitive fusion. In a lab setting, participants next identified a personal distressing thought, then were randomized into a brief (5-minute) cognitive defusion technique or an equally-brief active distraction technique. Before and after the intervention, participants completed measures assessing the believability of their distressing thought and how much discomfort the thought caused. Results The AS group reported higher overall trait levels of cognitive fusion than the NT group. Cognitive fusion was moderately- to strongly-related with psychological distress in both participant groups. The brief interventions worked equally well in immediately reducing thought believability and thought discomfort for AS and NT groups. Conclusions The current study provides support for cognitive fusion as a contributing factor to the psychological distress experienced by people with AS, and that a brief intervention technique can effectively reduce fusion at least in an immediate context. More work is needed to explore the specific short-term and long-term efficacy for interventions aimed to reduce cognitive fusion. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.12.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=379 [article] Cognitive defusion for reducing distressing thoughts in adults with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Max E. MAISEL, Auteur ; Kevin G. STEPHENSON, Auteur ; Jonathan C. COX, Auteur ; Mikle SOUTH, Auteur . - p.34-45. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 59 (March 2019) . - p.34-45 Mots-clés : Autism  Inflexibility  Cognitive fusion  Anxiety  Depression  Acceptance and commitment therapy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Cognitive fusion occurs when people over-identify with their thoughts, leading to a strong emotional response and a narrowed behavioral repertoire. Cognitive defusion (CD) is a technique used in acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) to teach people how to pay attention to the process of thinking, thereby reducing the negative effect of over-identification and allowing people to behave in more adaptive ways. CD has been widely studied in neurotypical (NT) samples, but there is little research on cognitive fusion and related interventions for people diagnosed with autism (AS). Method Sixty-eight adult participants (AS group n?=?27; NT group n?=?41) answered questionnaires measuring psychological distress and dispositional levels of cognitive fusion. In a lab setting, participants next identified a personal distressing thought, then were randomized into a brief (5-minute) cognitive defusion technique or an equally-brief active distraction technique. Before and after the intervention, participants completed measures assessing the believability of their distressing thought and how much discomfort the thought caused. Results The AS group reported higher overall trait levels of cognitive fusion than the NT group. Cognitive fusion was moderately- to strongly-related with psychological distress in both participant groups. The brief interventions worked equally well in immediately reducing thought believability and thought discomfort for AS and NT groups. Conclusions The current study provides support for cognitive fusion as a contributing factor to the psychological distress experienced by people with AS, and that a brief intervention technique can effectively reduce fusion at least in an immediate context. More work is needed to explore the specific short-term and long-term efficacy for interventions aimed to reduce cognitive fusion. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.12.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=379

Corrigendum to “Cognitive defusion for reducing distressing thoughts in adults with autism” [Res. Autism Spectrum Disord. 59 (2019) 34–45] / Max E. MAISEL in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 65 (September 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 65 (September 2019) . - p.65 Titre : Corrigendum to “Cognitive defusion for reducing distressing thoughts in adults with autism” [Res. Autism Spectrum Disord. 59 (2019) 34–45] Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Max E. MAISEL, Auteur ; Kevin G. STEPHENSON, Auteur ; Jonathan C. COX, Auteur ; Mikle SOUTH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.65 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.05.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=401 [article] Corrigendum to “Cognitive defusion for reducing distressing thoughts in adults with autism” [Res. Autism Spectrum Disord. 59 (2019) 34–45] [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Max E. MAISEL, Auteur ; Kevin G. STEPHENSON, Auteur ; Jonathan C. COX, Auteur ; Mikle SOUTH, Auteur . - p.65. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 65 (September 2019) . - p.65 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.05.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=401

Looking good but feeling bad: "Camouflaging" behaviors and mental health in women with autistic traits / Jonathan S. BECK in Autism, 24-4 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-4 (May 2020) . - p.809-821 Titre : Looking good but feeling bad: "Camouflaging" behaviors and mental health in women with autistic traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jonathan S. BECK, Auteur ; Rebecca A. LUNDWALL, Auteur ; Terisa GABRIELSEN, Auteur ; Jonathan C. COX, Auteur ; Mikle SOUTH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.809-821 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum  camouflage  diagnosis  disorders  female  mental health  women Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Women who try to hide or "camouflage" their autistic traits are likely to report that they feel distressed, think of suicide, and/or struggle to function in everyday life. We asked 58 women with autistic traits to complete questionnaires about camouflaging and mental health. Most of these women did not have a formal diagnosis of autism, yet a majority reported that they camouflaged autistic traits, and a large majority reported significant mental health challenges. Some researchers have suggested that women with autistic traits are more likely than autistic men to experience mental health challenges because women may try more to "fit in" socially by camouflaging their autistic traits. Analyses showed that camouflaging was associated with feeling distressed (depressed, anxious, and/or stressed). For women who reported above-average levels of camouflaging, camouflaging was also associated with having thoughts about suicide and struggling to function in everyday life. Trying to camouflage autistic traits was associated with mental health challenges, regardless of whether those traits were very mild or more severe. The findings of this study may influence how mental health professionals evaluate and treat women with autistic traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320912147 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425 [article] Looking good but feeling bad: "Camouflaging" behaviors and mental health in women with autistic traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jonathan S. BECK, Auteur ; Rebecca A. LUNDWALL, Auteur ; Terisa GABRIELSEN, Auteur ; Jonathan C. COX, Auteur ; Mikle SOUTH, Auteur . - p.809-821. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-4 (May 2020) . - p.809-821 Mots-clés : autism spectrum  camouflage  diagnosis  disorders  female  mental health  women Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Women who try to hide or "camouflage" their autistic traits are likely to report that they feel distressed, think of suicide, and/or struggle to function in everyday life. We asked 58 women with autistic traits to complete questionnaires about camouflaging and mental health. Most of these women did not have a formal diagnosis of autism, yet a majority reported that they camouflaged autistic traits, and a large majority reported significant mental health challenges. Some researchers have suggested that women with autistic traits are more likely than autistic men to experience mental health challenges because women may try more to "fit in" socially by camouflaging their autistic traits. Analyses showed that camouflaging was associated with feeling distressed (depressed, anxious, and/or stressed). For women who reported above-average levels of camouflaging, camouflaging was also associated with having thoughts about suicide and struggling to function in everyday life. Trying to camouflage autistic traits was associated with mental health challenges, regardless of whether those traits were very mild or more severe. The findings of this study may influence how mental health professionals evaluate and treat women with autistic traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320912147 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425

Relationship between brain stem volume and aggression in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder / Rebecca A. LUNDWALL in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 34 (February 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 34 (February 2017) . - p.44-51 Titre : Relationship between brain stem volume and aggression in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rebecca A. LUNDWALL, Auteur ; Kevin G. STEPHENSON, Auteur ; E. Shannon NEELEY-TASS, Auteur ; Jonathan C. COX, Auteur ; Mikle SOUTH, Auteur ; Erin D. BIGLER, Auteur ; Emily I. ANDERBERG, Auteur ; Molly D. PRIGGE, Auteur ; Blake D. HANSEN, Auteur ; Janet E. LAINHART, Auteur ; Ryan O. KELLEMS, Auteur ; Jo Ann PETRIE, Auteur ; Terisa P. GABRIELSEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.44-51 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Aggression  Imaging  Brainstem  Structural MRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Aggressive behaviors are common in individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and may be phenotypic indicators of different subtypes within ASD. In current research literature for non-ASD samples, aggression has been linked to several brain structures associated with emotion and behavioral control. However, few if any studies exist investigating brain volume differences in individuals with ASD who have comorbid aggression as indicated by standardized diagnostic and behavioral measures. Method We examined neuroimaging data from individuals rigorously diagnosed with ASD versus typically developing (TD) controls. We began with data from brain volume regions of interest (ROI) taken from previous literature on aggression including the brainstem, amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. We defined aggression status using the Irritability subscale of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist and used lasso logistic regression to select among these predictor variables. Brainstem volume was the only variable shown to be a predictor of aggression status. Results We found that smaller brainstem volumes are associated with higher odds of being in the high aggression group. Conclusions Understanding brain differences in individuals with ASD who engage in aggressive behavior from those with ASD who do not can inform treatment approaches. Future research should investigate brainstem structure and function in ASD to identify possible mechanisms related to arousal and aggression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.12.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298 [article] Relationship between brain stem volume and aggression in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rebecca A. LUNDWALL, Auteur ; Kevin G. STEPHENSON, Auteur ; E. Shannon NEELEY-TASS, Auteur ; Jonathan C. COX, Auteur ; Mikle SOUTH, Auteur ; Erin D. BIGLER, Auteur ; Emily I. ANDERBERG, Auteur ; Molly D. PRIGGE, Auteur ; Blake D. HANSEN, Auteur ; Janet E. LAINHART, Auteur ; Ryan O. KELLEMS, Auteur ; Jo Ann PETRIE, Auteur ; Terisa P. GABRIELSEN, Auteur . - p.44-51. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 34 (February 2017) . - p.44-51 Mots-clés : Autism  Aggression  Imaging  Brainstem  Structural MRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Aggressive behaviors are common in individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and may be phenotypic indicators of different subtypes within ASD. In current research literature for non-ASD samples, aggression has been linked to several brain structures associated with emotion and behavioral control. However, few if any studies exist investigating brain volume differences in individuals with ASD who have comorbid aggression as indicated by standardized diagnostic and behavioral measures. Method We examined neuroimaging data from individuals rigorously diagnosed with ASD versus typically developing (TD) controls. We began with data from brain volume regions of interest (ROI) taken from previous literature on aggression including the brainstem, amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. We defined aggression status using the Irritability subscale of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist and used lasso logistic regression to select among these predictor variables. Brainstem volume was the only variable shown to be a predictor of aggression status. Results We found that smaller brainstem volumes are associated with higher odds of being in the high aggression group. Conclusions Understanding brain differences in individuals with ASD who engage in aggressive behavior from those with ASD who do not can inform treatment approaches. Future research should investigate brainstem structure and function in ASD to identify possible mechanisms related to arousal and aggression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.12.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298

Sticking with it: Psychotherapy outcomes for adults with autism spectrum disorder in a university counseling center setting / Emily I. ANDERBERG in Autism Research, 10-12 (December 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-12 (December 2017) . - p.2048-2055 Titre : Sticking with it: Psychotherapy outcomes for adults with autism spectrum disorder in a university counseling center setting Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Emily I. ANDERBERG, Auteur ; Jonathan C. COX, Auteur ; E. Shannon NEELEY TASS, Auteur ; David M. EREKSON, Auteur ; Terisa P. GABRIELSEN, Auteur ; Jared S. WARREN, Auteur ; Jared CLINE, Auteur ; Devin PETERSEN, Auteur ; Mikle SOUTH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2048-2055 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  adults  psychotherapy counseling centers  treatment  outcomes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Young adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) experience high rates of comorbid mental health concerns in addition to distress arising from the core symptoms of autism. Many adults with ASD seek psychological treatment in outpatient facilities in their communities that are not specifically geared toward individuals with ASD. However, few studies have looked at the effectiveness of standard psychotherapeutic care in adults with ASD. This study aimed to discover how individuals with ASD fare in psychotherapy within a college counseling setting, compared to their neurotypical peers. Clients with ASD (n?=?76) or possible ASD (n?=?91) were retrospectively identified from counseling center case notes. Data from the Outcome Questionnaire-45 (OQ) were retrieved for each therapy session as a measure of client distress. Clients with ASD showed no difference in level of distress at intake compared to their neurotypical peers (n?=?21,546), and improved about the same amount from pre- to post-treatment. However, students with ASD stayed in treatment for significantly more sessions than neurotypical clients, and took significantly longer to achieve maximum improvement on OQ reports. Results are discussed with implications for university and other community based treatment settings. Autism Res 2017, 10: 2048–2055. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary This study aimed to discover how individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) fare in psychotherapy within a university counseling setting, compared to their neurotypical peers. Clients with ASD showed no difference in level of distress at intake compared to their neurotypical peers, and improved about the same amount from pre- to post-treatment. However, students with ASD stayed in treatment for significantly more sessions than neurotypical clients, and took significantly longer to achieve maximum improvement on Outcome Questionnaire-45 reports. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1843 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=323 [article] Sticking with it: Psychotherapy outcomes for adults with autism spectrum disorder in a university counseling center setting [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Emily I. ANDERBERG, Auteur ; Jonathan C. COX, Auteur ; E. Shannon NEELEY TASS, Auteur ; David M. EREKSON, Auteur ; Terisa P. GABRIELSEN, Auteur ; Jared S. WARREN, Auteur ; Jared CLINE, Auteur ; Devin PETERSEN, Auteur ; Mikle SOUTH, Auteur . - p.2048-2055. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-12 (December 2017) . - p.2048-2055 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  adults  psychotherapy counseling centers  treatment  outcomes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Young adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) experience high rates of comorbid mental health concerns in addition to distress arising from the core symptoms of autism. Many adults with ASD seek psychological treatment in outpatient facilities in their communities that are not specifically geared toward individuals with ASD. However, few studies have looked at the effectiveness of standard psychotherapeutic care in adults with ASD. This study aimed to discover how individuals with ASD fare in psychotherapy within a college counseling setting, compared to their neurotypical peers. Clients with ASD (n?=?76) or possible ASD (n?=?91) were retrospectively identified from counseling center case notes. Data from the Outcome Questionnaire-45 (OQ) were retrieved for each therapy session as a measure of client distress. Clients with ASD showed no difference in level of distress at intake compared to their neurotypical peers (n?=?21,546), and improved about the same amount from pre- to post-treatment. However, students with ASD stayed in treatment for significantly more sessions than neurotypical clients, and took significantly longer to achieve maximum improvement on OQ reports. Results are discussed with implications for university and other community based treatment settings. Autism Res 2017, 10: 2048–2055. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary This study aimed to discover how individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) fare in psychotherapy within a university counseling setting, compared to their neurotypical peers. Clients with ASD showed no difference in level of distress at intake compared to their neurotypical peers, and improved about the same amount from pre- to post-treatment. However, students with ASD stayed in treatment for significantly more sessions than neurotypical clients, and took significantly longer to achieve maximum improvement on Outcome Questionnaire-45 reports. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1843 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=323

Symptom overlap on the srs-2 adult self-report between adults with asd and adults with high anxiety / Mikle SOUTH in Autism Research, 10-7 (July 2017)  

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Unrelenting Depression and Suicidality in Women with Autistic Traits / M. SOUTH in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50-10 (October 2020)  

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