8 recherche sur le mot-clé 'Imaging'

Comparison of white matter integrity between autism spectrum disorder subjects and typically developing individuals: a meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging tractography studies / Yuta AOKI in Molecular Autism, (July 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > (July 2013) . - 17 p. Titre : Comparison of white matter integrity between autism spectrum disorder subjects and typically developing individuals: a meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging tractography studies Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yuta AOKI, Auteur ; Osamu ABE, Auteur ; Yasumasa NIPPASHI, Auteur ; Hidenori YAMASUE, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : 17 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic disorder  Asperger  Brain  Human  Imaging  Pervasive developmental disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Aberrant brain connectivity, especially with long-distance underconnectivity, has been recognized as a candidate pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders. However, a number of diffusion tensor imaging studies investigating people with autism spectrum disorders have yielded inconsistent results. Methods To test the long-distance underconnectivity hypothesis, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging studies in subjects with autism spectrum disorder. Diffusion tensor imaging studies comparing individuals with autism spectrum disorders with typically developing individuals were searched using MEDLINE, Web of Science and EMBASE from 1980 through 1 August 2012. Standardized mean differences were calculated as an effect size of the tracts. Results A comprehensive literature search identified 25 relevant diffusion tensor imaging studies comparing autism spectrum disorders and typical development with regions-of-interest methods. Among these, 14 studies examining regions of interest with suprathreshold sample sizes were included in the meta-analysis. A random-effects model demonstrated significant fractional anisotropy reductions in the corpus callosum (P = 0.023, n = 387 (autism spectrum disorders/typically developing individuals: 208/179)), left uncinate fasciculus (P = 0.011, n = 242 (117/125)), and left superior longitudinal fasciculus (P = 0.016, n = 182 (96/86)), and significant increases of mean diffusivity in the corpus callosum (P = 0.006, n = 254 (129/125)) and superior longitudinal fasciculus bilaterally (P = 0.031 and 0.011, left and right, respectively, n = 109 (51/58)), in subjects with autism spectrum disorders compared with typically developing individuals with no significant publication bias. Conclusion The current meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging studies in subjects with autism spectrum disorders emphasizes important roles of the superior longitudinal fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus, and corpus callosum in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders and supports the long-distance underconnectivity hypothesis. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2040-2392-4-25 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=211 [article] Comparison of white matter integrity between autism spectrum disorder subjects and typically developing individuals: a meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging tractography studies [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yuta AOKI, Auteur ; Osamu ABE, Auteur ; Yasumasa NIPPASHI, Auteur ; Hidenori YAMASUE, Auteur . - 2013 . - 17 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > (July 2013) . - 17 p. Mots-clés : Autistic disorder  Asperger  Brain  Human  Imaging  Pervasive developmental disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Aberrant brain connectivity, especially with long-distance underconnectivity, has been recognized as a candidate pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders. However, a number of diffusion tensor imaging studies investigating people with autism spectrum disorders have yielded inconsistent results. Methods To test the long-distance underconnectivity hypothesis, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging studies in subjects with autism spectrum disorder. Diffusion tensor imaging studies comparing individuals with autism spectrum disorders with typically developing individuals were searched using MEDLINE, Web of Science and EMBASE from 1980 through 1 August 2012. Standardized mean differences were calculated as an effect size of the tracts. Results A comprehensive literature search identified 25 relevant diffusion tensor imaging studies comparing autism spectrum disorders and typical development with regions-of-interest methods. Among these, 14 studies examining regions of interest with suprathreshold sample sizes were included in the meta-analysis. A random-effects model demonstrated significant fractional anisotropy reductions in the corpus callosum (P = 0.023, n = 387 (autism spectrum disorders/typically developing individuals: 208/179)), left uncinate fasciculus (P = 0.011, n = 242 (117/125)), and left superior longitudinal fasciculus (P = 0.016, n = 182 (96/86)), and significant increases of mean diffusivity in the corpus callosum (P = 0.006, n = 254 (129/125)) and superior longitudinal fasciculus bilaterally (P = 0.031 and 0.011, left and right, respectively, n = 109 (51/58)), in subjects with autism spectrum disorders compared with typically developing individuals with no significant publication bias. Conclusion The current meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging studies in subjects with autism spectrum disorders emphasizes important roles of the superior longitudinal fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus, and corpus callosum in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders and supports the long-distance underconnectivity hypothesis. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2040-2392-4-25 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=211

Higher anesthetic dose requirement for sedation in children with autism spectrum disorder compared to neuro-atypical controls- a prospective observational study / Sowmyashree Mayur KAKU in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 101 (March 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 101 (March 2023) . - 102086 Titre : Higher anesthetic dose requirement for sedation in children with autism spectrum disorder compared to neuro-atypical controls- a prospective observational study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sowmyashree Mayur KAKU, Auteur ; Sonia BANSAL, Auteur ; Umamaheswara GS RAO, Auteur ; Rose Dawn BHARATH, Auteur ; Shoba SRINATH, Auteur ; Satish Chandra GIRIMAJI, Auteur Article en page(s) : 102086 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Sedation  MRI  Imaging  Autism  Anesthetic Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Introduction Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are known to require general anesthesia or sedation for undergoing procedures like Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The dose required for sedation may vary depending on multiple factors. The aim of this study was to compare the sedative requirements of children with ASD with those who do not have ASD for undergoing MRI. Methods Thirty-four children with ASD and 31 neuro-atypical controls (children with other neurological disorders undergoing MRI) were recruited into the study. Children were premedicated with injection midazolam 0.1 mg/kg. This was followed by dexmedetomidine 2 mcg/kg over 2 min, followed by 2 mcg/kg/hour infusion inside the MRI gantry. If the above anesthetic was insufficient to make the child immobile, a bolus dose of thiopentone 3 mg/kg was supplemented and this was compared between the two groups. The children were monitored with ECG, and oxygen saturation. Since, these children were on sedative medications, each patient was given a sedation score depending on the number of sedative medications, the child was receiving. Results Twenty one of 34 children in the ASD group required thiopentone for sedation while 5 of 31 in the control group required thiopentone supplementation (p< 0.001). The thiopentone requirement continued to be significantly different between the two groups at each level of sedation score (0, 1, 2 +) (p< 0.004). Conclusion Children with ASD required higher anesthetic dose for sedation compared to neuro-atypical controls for MRI. This study has shown that dexmedetomidine can be safely used for children with autism and additional sedatives are often required for imaging. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2022.102086 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=492 [article] Higher anesthetic dose requirement for sedation in children with autism spectrum disorder compared to neuro-atypical controls- a prospective observational study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sowmyashree Mayur KAKU, Auteur ; Sonia BANSAL, Auteur ; Umamaheswara GS RAO, Auteur ; Rose Dawn BHARATH, Auteur ; Shoba SRINATH, Auteur ; Satish Chandra GIRIMAJI, Auteur . - 102086. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 101 (March 2023) . - 102086 Mots-clés : Sedation  MRI  Imaging  Autism  Anesthetic Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Introduction Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are known to require general anesthesia or sedation for undergoing procedures like Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The dose required for sedation may vary depending on multiple factors. The aim of this study was to compare the sedative requirements of children with ASD with those who do not have ASD for undergoing MRI. Methods Thirty-four children with ASD and 31 neuro-atypical controls (children with other neurological disorders undergoing MRI) were recruited into the study. Children were premedicated with injection midazolam 0.1 mg/kg. This was followed by dexmedetomidine 2 mcg/kg over 2 min, followed by 2 mcg/kg/hour infusion inside the MRI gantry. If the above anesthetic was insufficient to make the child immobile, a bolus dose of thiopentone 3 mg/kg was supplemented and this was compared between the two groups. The children were monitored with ECG, and oxygen saturation. Since, these children were on sedative medications, each patient was given a sedation score depending on the number of sedative medications, the child was receiving. Results Twenty one of 34 children in the ASD group required thiopentone for sedation while 5 of 31 in the control group required thiopentone supplementation (p< 0.001). The thiopentone requirement continued to be significantly different between the two groups at each level of sedation score (0, 1, 2 +) (p< 0.004). Conclusion Children with ASD required higher anesthetic dose for sedation compared to neuro-atypical controls for MRI. This study has shown that dexmedetomidine can be safely used for children with autism and additional sedatives are often required for imaging. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2022.102086 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=492

Individual differences in white matter of the uncinate fasciculus and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus: possible early biomarkers for callous-unemotional behaviors in young children with disruptive behavior problems / P. A. GRAZIANO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-1 (January 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-1 (January 2022) . - p.19-33 Titre : Individual differences in white matter of the uncinate fasciculus and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus: possible early biomarkers for callous-unemotional behaviors in young children with disruptive behavior problems Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : P. A. GRAZIANO, Auteur ; D. GARIC, Auteur ; A. S. DICK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.19-33 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Biomarkers  Child  Child, Preschool  Diffusion Tensor Imaging  Female  Humans  Individuality  Male  Problem Behavior  Uncinate Fasciculus  White Matter/diagnostic imaging  Callous-unemotional behaviors  Dti  conduct problems  imaging  preschool  uncinate fasciculus Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Callous-unemotional (CU) behaviors are important for identifying severe patterns of conduct problems (CP). One major fiber tract implicated in the development of CP is the uncinate fasciculus (UF), which connects amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). The goals of the current study were to (a) explore differences in the white matter microstructure in the UF and other major fiber tracks between young typically developing (TD) children and those with a disruptive behavior disorder (DBD) and (b) explore, within the DBD group, whether individual differences in these white matter tracts relate to co-occurring CP and CU behaviors. METHODS: Participants included 198 young children (69% boys, M(age) ?=?5.66?years; 80% Latinx; 48.5% TD). CU behaviors and CP were measured via a combination of teacher/parent ratings. Non-invasive diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was used to measure fractional anisotropy (FA), an indirect indicator of white matter properties. RESULTS: Relative to TD children, children in the DBD group had reduced FA on four out of the five fiber tracks we examined (except for cingulum and right ILF), even after accounting for whole brain FA, sex, movement, parental income, and IQ. Within the DBD group, no associations were found between CP and reduced white matter integrity across any of the fiber tracks examined. However, we found that even after accounting for CP, ADHD symptomology, and a host of covariates (whole brain FA, sex, movement, parental income, and IQ), CU behaviors were independently related to reduced FA in bilateral UF and left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF) in the DBD group, but this was not the case for TD children. CONCLUSIONS: Alterations in the white matter microstructure within bilateral UF and left IFOF may be biomarkers of CU behaviors, even in very young children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13444 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456 [article] Individual differences in white matter of the uncinate fasciculus and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus: possible early biomarkers for callous-unemotional behaviors in young children with disruptive behavior problems [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / P. A. GRAZIANO, Auteur ; D. GARIC, Auteur ; A. S. DICK, Auteur . - p.19-33. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-1 (January 2022) . - p.19-33 Mots-clés : Biomarkers  Child  Child, Preschool  Diffusion Tensor Imaging  Female  Humans  Individuality  Male  Problem Behavior  Uncinate Fasciculus  White Matter/diagnostic imaging  Callous-unemotional behaviors  Dti  conduct problems  imaging  preschool  uncinate fasciculus Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Callous-unemotional (CU) behaviors are important for identifying severe patterns of conduct problems (CP). One major fiber tract implicated in the development of CP is the uncinate fasciculus (UF), which connects amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). The goals of the current study were to (a) explore differences in the white matter microstructure in the UF and other major fiber tracks between young typically developing (TD) children and those with a disruptive behavior disorder (DBD) and (b) explore, within the DBD group, whether individual differences in these white matter tracts relate to co-occurring CP and CU behaviors. METHODS: Participants included 198 young children (69% boys, M(age) ?=?5.66?years; 80% Latinx; 48.5% TD). CU behaviors and CP were measured via a combination of teacher/parent ratings. Non-invasive diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was used to measure fractional anisotropy (FA), an indirect indicator of white matter properties. RESULTS: Relative to TD children, children in the DBD group had reduced FA on four out of the five fiber tracks we examined (except for cingulum and right ILF), even after accounting for whole brain FA, sex, movement, parental income, and IQ. Within the DBD group, no associations were found between CP and reduced white matter integrity across any of the fiber tracks examined. However, we found that even after accounting for CP, ADHD symptomology, and a host of covariates (whole brain FA, sex, movement, parental income, and IQ), CU behaviors were independently related to reduced FA in bilateral UF and left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF) in the DBD group, but this was not the case for TD children. CONCLUSIONS: Alterations in the white matter microstructure within bilateral UF and left IFOF may be biomarkers of CU behaviors, even in very young children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13444 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456

Cerebellar gray matter differentiates children with early language delay in autism / Anila M. D'MELLO in Autism Research, 9-11 (November 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 9-11 (November 2016) . - p.1191-1204 Titre : Cerebellar gray matter differentiates children with early language delay in autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anila M. D'MELLO, Auteur ; Dorothea M. MOORE, Auteur ; Deana CROCETTI, Auteur ; Stewart H. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; Catherine J. STOODLEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1191-1204 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  cerebellum  early language delay  voxel-based morphometry  ADOS  imaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early language delay (ELD) is one of the earliest indicators of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and predicts later cognitive and behavioral outcomes. We aimed to determine the neural correlates of ELD in autism, and examine the relationships between gray matter (GM), age of first word/phrase, and core ASD symptoms. We used voxel-based morphometry to examine whole-brain differences in GM in 8–13 year old children with autism (n?=?13 ELD; n?=?22 non-ELD) and 35 age-matched typically developing (TD) children. Multiple regression analyses examined the relationships between GM, age of first word/phrase, and autism diagnostic observation schedule (ADOS) scores. Composite age of first word/phrase negatively correlated with GM throughout the cerebellum. Both ASD groups (ELD and non-ELD) had reduced GM in right cerebellar Crus I/II when compared to TD children. Left cerebellar Crus I/II was the only region in the brain that differentiated ELD and non-ELD children, with ELD children showing reduced GM relative to both non-ELD and TD groups. Group×score interactions converged in left Crus I/II, such that the non-ELD group showed poorer ADOS scores with increasing GM, whereas the ELD group showed poorer ADOS scores as GM decreased. Reduced GM in right cerebellar Crus I/I was related ASD diagnosis, while children with ELD showed additional reduced GM in left Crus I/II. These findings highlight the importance of specific cerebellar networks in both ASD and early language development, and suggest that bilateral disruption in cerebellar regions that interconnect with fronto-parietal networks could impact language acquisition in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1622 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=297 [article] Cerebellar gray matter differentiates children with early language delay in autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anila M. D'MELLO, Auteur ; Dorothea M. MOORE, Auteur ; Deana CROCETTI, Auteur ; Stewart H. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; Catherine J. STOODLEY, Auteur . - p.1191-1204. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 9-11 (November 2016) . - p.1191-1204 Mots-clés : autism  cerebellum  early language delay  voxel-based morphometry  ADOS  imaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early language delay (ELD) is one of the earliest indicators of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and predicts later cognitive and behavioral outcomes. We aimed to determine the neural correlates of ELD in autism, and examine the relationships between gray matter (GM), age of first word/phrase, and core ASD symptoms. We used voxel-based morphometry to examine whole-brain differences in GM in 8–13 year old children with autism (n?=?13 ELD; n?=?22 non-ELD) and 35 age-matched typically developing (TD) children. Multiple regression analyses examined the relationships between GM, age of first word/phrase, and autism diagnostic observation schedule (ADOS) scores. Composite age of first word/phrase negatively correlated with GM throughout the cerebellum. Both ASD groups (ELD and non-ELD) had reduced GM in right cerebellar Crus I/II when compared to TD children. Left cerebellar Crus I/II was the only region in the brain that differentiated ELD and non-ELD children, with ELD children showing reduced GM relative to both non-ELD and TD groups. Group×score interactions converged in left Crus I/II, such that the non-ELD group showed poorer ADOS scores with increasing GM, whereas the ELD group showed poorer ADOS scores as GM decreased. Reduced GM in right cerebellar Crus I/I was related ASD diagnosis, while children with ELD showed additional reduced GM in left Crus I/II. These findings highlight the importance of specific cerebellar networks in both ASD and early language development, and suggest that bilateral disruption in cerebellar regions that interconnect with fronto-parietal networks could impact language acquisition in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1622 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=297

Editorial: Data repositories, registries, and standards in the search for valid and reproducible biomarkers / Bradley S. PETERSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59-9 (September 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-9 (September 2018) . - p.929-931 Titre : Editorial: Data repositories, registries, and standards in the search for valid and reproducible biomarkers Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Bradley S. PETERSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.929-931 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : repositories  registries  standards  biomarkers  imaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The paucity of major scientific breakthroughs leading to new or improved treatments, and the inability to identify valid and reproducible biomarkers that improve clinical management, has produced a crisis in confidence in the validity of our pathogenic theories and the reproducibility of our research findings. This crisis in turn has driven changes in standards for research methodologies and prompted calls for the creation of open-access data repositories and the preregistration of research hypotheses. Although we should embrace the creation of repositories and registries, and the promise for greater statistical power, reproducibility, and generalizability of research findings they afford, we should also recognize that they alone are no substitute for sound design in minimizing study confounds, and they are no guarantor of faith in the validity of our pathogenic theories, findings, and biomarkers. One way, and maybe the only sure way, of knowing that we have a valid understanding of brain processes and disease mechanisms in human studies is by experimentally manipulating variables and predicting its effects on outcome measures and biomarkers. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12962 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368 [article] Editorial: Data repositories, registries, and standards in the search for valid and reproducible biomarkers [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Bradley S. PETERSON, Auteur . - p.929-931. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-9 (September 2018) . - p.929-931 Mots-clés : repositories  registries  standards  biomarkers  imaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The paucity of major scientific breakthroughs leading to new or improved treatments, and the inability to identify valid and reproducible biomarkers that improve clinical management, has produced a crisis in confidence in the validity of our pathogenic theories and the reproducibility of our research findings. This crisis in turn has driven changes in standards for research methodologies and prompted calls for the creation of open-access data repositories and the preregistration of research hypotheses. Although we should embrace the creation of repositories and registries, and the promise for greater statistical power, reproducibility, and generalizability of research findings they afford, we should also recognize that they alone are no substitute for sound design in minimizing study confounds, and they are no guarantor of faith in the validity of our pathogenic theories, findings, and biomarkers. One way, and maybe the only sure way, of knowing that we have a valid understanding of brain processes and disease mechanisms in human studies is by experimentally manipulating variables and predicting its effects on outcome measures and biomarkers. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12962 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368

Preliminary examination of the effects of an early parenting intervention on amygdala-orbitofrontal cortex resting-state functional connectivity among high-risk children: A randomized clinical trial / Marta KOROM ; Emilio A. VALADEZ ; Nim TOTTENHAM ; Mary DOZIER ; Jeffrey M. Spielberg in Development and Psychopathology, 37-1 (February 2025)  

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Relationship between brain stem volume and aggression in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder / Rebecca A. LUNDWALL in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 34 (February 2017)  

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Structural brain correlates of adolescent resilience / Keith B. BURT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-11 (November 2016)  

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