Mapping the link between socio-economic factors, autistic traits and mental health across different settings / Teresa DEL BIANCO in Autism, 28-5 (May 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-5 (May 2024) . - p.1280-1296 Titre : Mapping the link between socio-economic factors, autistic traits and mental health across different settings Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Teresa DEL BIANCO, Auteur ; Georgia LOCKWOOD ESTRIN, Auteur ; Julian TILLMANN, Auteur ; Bethany F. OAKLEY, Auteur ; Daisy CRAWLEY, Auteur ; Antonia SAN JOSE CACERES, Auteur ; Hannah HAYWARD, Auteur ; Mandy POTTER, Auteur ; Wendy MACKAY, Auteur ; Petrusa SMIT, Auteur ; Carlie DU PLESSIS, Auteur ; Lucy BRINK, Auteur ; Priscilla SPRINGER, Auteur ; Hein ODENDAAL, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; Mark JOHNSON, Auteur ; Declan MURPHY, Auteur ; Jan BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Eva LOTH, Auteur ; Emily JH JONES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1280-1296 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  environmental factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic individuals experience higher rates of externalising and internalising symptoms that may vary with environmental factors. However, there is limited research on variation across settings that may highlight common factors with globally generalisable effects. Data were taken from two cohorts: a multinational European sample (n = 764; 453 autistic; 311 non-autistic; 6-30?years), and a South African sample (n = 100 non-autistic; 3-11?years). An exploratory factor analysis aggregated clinical (Verbal Comprehension and Perceptual Index), adaptive traits (Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scale) and socio-economic variables (parental employment and education, home and family characteristics) in each cohort separately. With regression, we investigated the effect of these factors and autistic traits on internalising and externalising scores (measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire). Cohorts showed similar four-factor structures (Person Characteristics, Family System, Parental and Material Resources). The 'Family System' factor captured family size and maternal factors and was associated with lower internalising and externalising symptoms in both cohorts. In the European cohort, high autistic traits reduced this effect; the opposite was found in the South Africa cohort. Our exploratory findings from two separate analyses represent consistent evidence that Family System is associated with internalising and externalising symptoms, with a context-specific impact in persons with high autism traits. Lay Abstract Autistic individuals are more likely than non-autistic individuals to experience a mental health condition in their lifetime, and this includes externalising and internalising symptoms. We know very little about how different environments and family conditions impact these symptoms for autistic individuals. Improving our understanding of these relationships is important so that we can identify individuals who may be in greater need of support. In this article, we seek to improve our understanding of how environmental and family conditions impact externalising and internalising symptoms in autistic and non-autistic people. To do this, we conducted analyses with two cohorts in very different settings - in Europe and South Africa - to ensure our findings are globally representative. We used advanced statistical methods to establish environmental and family conditions that were similar to each other, and which could be combined into specific 'factors'. We found that four similar 'factors' could be identified in the two cohorts. These were distinguished by personal characteristics and environmental conditions of individuals, and were named Person Characteristics, Family System, Parental and Material Resources. Interestingly, just 'Family System' was associated with internalising and externalising symptoms, and this was the same in both cohorts. We also found that having high traits of autism impacted this relationship between Family System and mental health conditions with opposite directions in the two settings. These results show that characteristics in the Family System are associated with internalising and externalising symptoms, and autistic persons are particularly impacted, reinforcing the notion that family stressors are important to consider when implementing policy and practice related to improving the mental health of autistic people. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231200297 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=527 [article] Mapping the link between socio-economic factors, autistic traits and mental health across different settings [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Teresa DEL BIANCO, Auteur ; Georgia LOCKWOOD ESTRIN, Auteur ; Julian TILLMANN, Auteur ; Bethany F. OAKLEY, Auteur ; Daisy CRAWLEY, Auteur ; Antonia SAN JOSE CACERES, Auteur ; Hannah HAYWARD, Auteur ; Mandy POTTER, Auteur ; Wendy MACKAY, Auteur ; Petrusa SMIT, Auteur ; Carlie DU PLESSIS, Auteur ; Lucy BRINK, Auteur ; Priscilla SPRINGER, Auteur ; Hein ODENDAAL, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; Mark JOHNSON, Auteur ; Declan MURPHY, Auteur ; Jan BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Eva LOTH, Auteur ; Emily JH JONES, Auteur . - p.1280-1296. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-5 (May 2024) . - p.1280-1296 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  environmental factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic individuals experience higher rates of externalising and internalising symptoms that may vary with environmental factors. However, there is limited research on variation across settings that may highlight common factors with globally generalisable effects. Data were taken from two cohorts: a multinational European sample (n = 764; 453 autistic; 311 non-autistic; 6-30?years), and a South African sample (n = 100 non-autistic; 3-11?years). An exploratory factor analysis aggregated clinical (Verbal Comprehension and Perceptual Index), adaptive traits (Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scale) and socio-economic variables (parental employment and education, home and family characteristics) in each cohort separately. With regression, we investigated the effect of these factors and autistic traits on internalising and externalising scores (measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire). Cohorts showed similar four-factor structures (Person Characteristics, Family System, Parental and Material Resources). The 'Family System' factor captured family size and maternal factors and was associated with lower internalising and externalising symptoms in both cohorts. In the European cohort, high autistic traits reduced this effect; the opposite was found in the South Africa cohort. Our exploratory findings from two separate analyses represent consistent evidence that Family System is associated with internalising and externalising symptoms, with a context-specific impact in persons with high autism traits. Lay Abstract Autistic individuals are more likely than non-autistic individuals to experience a mental health condition in their lifetime, and this includes externalising and internalising symptoms. We know very little about how different environments and family conditions impact these symptoms for autistic individuals. Improving our understanding of these relationships is important so that we can identify individuals who may be in greater need of support. In this article, we seek to improve our understanding of how environmental and family conditions impact externalising and internalising symptoms in autistic and non-autistic people. To do this, we conducted analyses with two cohorts in very different settings - in Europe and South Africa - to ensure our findings are globally representative. We used advanced statistical methods to establish environmental and family conditions that were similar to each other, and which could be combined into specific 'factors'. We found that four similar 'factors' could be identified in the two cohorts. These were distinguished by personal characteristics and environmental conditions of individuals, and were named Person Characteristics, Family System, Parental and Material Resources. Interestingly, just 'Family System' was associated with internalising and externalising symptoms, and this was the same in both cohorts. We also found that having high traits of autism impacted this relationship between Family System and mental health conditions with opposite directions in the two settings. These results show that characteristics in the Family System are associated with internalising and externalising symptoms, and autistic persons are particularly impacted, reinforcing the notion that family stressors are important to consider when implementing policy and practice related to improving the mental health of autistic people. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613231200297 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=527

Unique dynamic profiles of social attention in autistic females / Teresa DEL BIANCO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-12 (December 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-12 (December 2022) . - p.1602-1614 Titre : Unique dynamic profiles of social attention in autistic females Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Teresa DEL BIANCO, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; Eva LOTH, Auteur ; Julian TILLMANN, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Hannah HAYWARD, Auteur ; Teresa GLEISSL, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Declan G. M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1602-1614 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Female  Humans  Attention  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis  Cohort Studies  Learning  Sex Characteristics  Child  Adolescent  Young Adult  Adult  Autism  eye-tracking  male  sex differences  social attention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Social attention affords learning opportunities across development and may contribute to individual differences in developmental trajectories, such as between male and female individuals, and in neurodevelopmental conditions, such as autism. METHODS: Using eye-tracking, we measured social attention in a large cohort of autistic (n=123) and nonautistic females (n=107), and autistic (n=330) and nonautistic males (n=204), aged 6-30 years. Using mixed Growth Curve Analysis, we modelled sex and diagnostic effects on the temporal dynamics of proportional looking time to three types of social stimuli (lean-static, naturalistic-static, and naturalistic-dynamic) and examined the link between individual differences and dimensional social and nonsocial autistic traits in autistic females and males. RESULTS: In the lean-static stimulus, average face-looking was higher in females than in males of both autistic and nonautistic groups. Differences in the dynamic pattern of face-looking were seen in autistic vs. nonautistic females, but not males, with face-looking peaking later in the trial in autistic females. In the naturalistic-dynamic stimulus, average face-looking was higher in females than in males of both groups; changes in the dynamic pattern of face looking were seen in autistic vs. nonautistic males, but not in females, with a steeper peak in nonautistic males. Lower average face-looking was associated with higher observer-measured autistic characteristics in autistic females, but not in males. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, we found stronger social attention in females to a similar degree in both autistic and nonautistic groups. Nonetheless, the dynamic profiles of social attention differed in different ways in autistic females and males compared to their nonautistic peers, and autistic traits predicted trends of average face-looking in autistic females. These findings support the role of social attention in the emergence of sex-related differences in autistic characteristics, suggesting an avenue to phenotypic stratification. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13630 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=490 [article] Unique dynamic profiles of social attention in autistic females [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Teresa DEL BIANCO, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; Eva LOTH, Auteur ; Julian TILLMANN, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Hannah HAYWARD, Auteur ; Teresa GLEISSL, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Declan G. M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur . - p.1602-1614. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-12 (December 2022) . - p.1602-1614 Mots-clés : Female  Humans  Attention  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis  Cohort Studies  Learning  Sex Characteristics  Child  Adolescent  Young Adult  Adult  Autism  eye-tracking  male  sex differences  social attention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Social attention affords learning opportunities across development and may contribute to individual differences in developmental trajectories, such as between male and female individuals, and in neurodevelopmental conditions, such as autism. METHODS: Using eye-tracking, we measured social attention in a large cohort of autistic (n=123) and nonautistic females (n=107), and autistic (n=330) and nonautistic males (n=204), aged 6-30 years. Using mixed Growth Curve Analysis, we modelled sex and diagnostic effects on the temporal dynamics of proportional looking time to three types of social stimuli (lean-static, naturalistic-static, and naturalistic-dynamic) and examined the link between individual differences and dimensional social and nonsocial autistic traits in autistic females and males. RESULTS: In the lean-static stimulus, average face-looking was higher in females than in males of both autistic and nonautistic groups. Differences in the dynamic pattern of face-looking were seen in autistic vs. nonautistic females, but not males, with face-looking peaking later in the trial in autistic females. In the naturalistic-dynamic stimulus, average face-looking was higher in females than in males of both groups; changes in the dynamic pattern of face looking were seen in autistic vs. nonautistic males, but not in females, with a steeper peak in nonautistic males. Lower average face-looking was associated with higher observer-measured autistic characteristics in autistic females, but not in males. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, we found stronger social attention in females to a similar degree in both autistic and nonautistic groups. Nonetheless, the dynamic profiles of social attention differed in different ways in autistic females and males compared to their nonautistic peers, and autistic traits predicted trends of average face-looking in autistic females. These findings support the role of social attention in the emergence of sex-related differences in autistic characteristics, suggesting an avenue to phenotypic stratification. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13630 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=490

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