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Association between early androgens and autistic traits: A systematic review and meta-analysis / Nadia COSCINI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 85 (July 2021)
[article]
Titre : Association between early androgens and autistic traits: A systematic review and meta-analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nadia COSCINI, Auteur ; Katrina WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Denise CHEW, Auteur ; Kenneth C. PANG, Auteur ; Michele A. O’CONNELL, Auteur ; Tamara MAY, Auteur Article en page(s) : 101789 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Androgen Testosterone Extreme male brain Systematic review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background We systematically reviewed evidence for the androgen theory which proposes exposure to elevated levels of androgens in early development predisposes to autistic behaviour. Method MEDLINE, EMBASE and Pubmed were searched for studies measuring androgens in mother or child during pregnancy or the first year of life and examined autistic behaviours (including social ability and repetitive behaviour) and language measured up to age 24 years. Results Twenty-five of 3,041 publications met inclusion criteria, exploring 11 unique cohorts. Overall quality of evidence was very low as studies were non-experimental and most had high risk of bias. Only one research group found significant associations between autistic behaviour and androgens in amniotic fluid. There were mixed findings across the studies reviewed. Meta-analysis indicated a small significant pooled association between autistic behaviour and androgens in amniotic fluid (males and females combined; 3 studies), 0.28 [95 % CI 0.14, 0.41], also significant in males and females separately. Conclusions Despite interest in this topic, of studies exploring direct measures of early androgens and later autistic traits, there is only a small amount of low-quality evidence from independent cohorts. The androgen theory of autism is neither confirmed nor refuted by the existing association studies included in this review. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101789 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=458
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 85 (July 2021) . - 101789[article] Association between early androgens and autistic traits: A systematic review and meta-analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nadia COSCINI, Auteur ; Katrina WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Denise CHEW, Auteur ; Kenneth C. PANG, Auteur ; Michele A. O’CONNELL, Auteur ; Tamara MAY, Auteur . - 101789.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 85 (July 2021) . - 101789
Mots-clés : Autism Androgen Testosterone Extreme male brain Systematic review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background We systematically reviewed evidence for the androgen theory which proposes exposure to elevated levels of androgens in early development predisposes to autistic behaviour. Method MEDLINE, EMBASE and Pubmed were searched for studies measuring androgens in mother or child during pregnancy or the first year of life and examined autistic behaviours (including social ability and repetitive behaviour) and language measured up to age 24 years. Results Twenty-five of 3,041 publications met inclusion criteria, exploring 11 unique cohorts. Overall quality of evidence was very low as studies were non-experimental and most had high risk of bias. Only one research group found significant associations between autistic behaviour and androgens in amniotic fluid. There were mixed findings across the studies reviewed. Meta-analysis indicated a small significant pooled association between autistic behaviour and androgens in amniotic fluid (males and females combined; 3 studies), 0.28 [95 % CI 0.14, 0.41], also significant in males and females separately. Conclusions Despite interest in this topic, of studies exploring direct measures of early androgens and later autistic traits, there is only a small amount of low-quality evidence from independent cohorts. The androgen theory of autism is neither confirmed nor refuted by the existing association studies included in this review. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101789 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=458 Meconium androgens are correlated with ASD-related phenotypic traits in early childhood in a familial enriched risk cohort / Dina TERLOYEVA in Molecular Autism, 11 (2020)
[article]
Titre : Meconium androgens are correlated with ASD-related phenotypic traits in early childhood in a familial enriched risk cohort Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Dina TERLOYEVA, Auteur ; Alexander J. FREY, Auteur ; Bo Y. PARK, Auteur ; Elizabeth M. KAUFFMAN, Auteur ; Leny MATHEW, Auteur ; Anna BOSTWICK, Auteur ; Erika L. VARNER, Auteur ; Brian K. LEE, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur ; Margaret D. FALLIN, Auteur ; Irva HERTZ-PICCIOTTO, Auteur ; Craig J. NEWSCHAFFER, Auteur ; Kristen LYALL, Auteur ; Nathaniel W. SNYDER, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Androgen Autism-related traits Meconium Prenatal exposure Sex difference Sibling Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Prenatal exposure to increased androgens has been suggested as a risk factor for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This hypothesis has been examined by measurement of steroids in amniotic fluid, cord blood, saliva, and blood with mixed results. METHODS: To provide an orthogonal measure of fetal exposure, this study used meconium, the first stool of a newborn, to measure prenatal androgen exposure from infants in the Early Autism Risk Longitudinal Investigation (EARLI). EARLI is a familial-enriched risk cohort that enrolled pregnant mothers who already had a child with an ASD diagnosis. In the younger child, we investigated the association between meconium unconjugated (u) and total (t) concentrations of major androgens testosterone (T), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and androstenedione (A4), and ASD-related traits at 12 and 36 months of age. Traits were measured at 12 months with Autism Observation Scale for Infants (AOSI) and at 36 months with total score on the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). One hundred and seventy children had meconium and AOSI, 140 had meconium and SRS, and 137 had meconium and both AOSI and SRS. RESULTS: Separate robust linear regressions between each of the log-transformed androgens and log-transformed SRS scores revealed three-way interaction between sex of the child, sex of the proband, and testosterone concentration. In the adjusted analyses, t-T, u-A4, and u-DHEA (P???0.01) were positively associated with AOSI scores, while u-T (P?=?0.004) and u-DHEA (P?=?0.007) were positively associated with SRS total score among females with female probands (n?=?10). Additionally, higher concentrations of u-T (P?=?0.01) and t-T (P?=?0.01) predicted higher SRS total score in males with male probands (n?=?63). Limitations Since we explored three-way interactions, this resulted in a limited sample size for some analyses. This study was from an enriched-risk cohort which may limit generalizability, and this study used ASD-assessment scales as outcomes instead of diagnostic categories. Additionally, the novel use of meconium in this study limits the ability to compare the results in this cohort to others due to the paucity of research on meconium. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the utility of meconium for studies of endogenous fetal metabolism and suggests the sex of older siblings with autism should be considered as a biological variable in relevant studies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00395-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=438
in Molecular Autism > 11 (2020)[article] Meconium androgens are correlated with ASD-related phenotypic traits in early childhood in a familial enriched risk cohort [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Dina TERLOYEVA, Auteur ; Alexander J. FREY, Auteur ; Bo Y. PARK, Auteur ; Elizabeth M. KAUFFMAN, Auteur ; Leny MATHEW, Auteur ; Anna BOSTWICK, Auteur ; Erika L. VARNER, Auteur ; Brian K. LEE, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur ; Margaret D. FALLIN, Auteur ; Irva HERTZ-PICCIOTTO, Auteur ; Craig J. NEWSCHAFFER, Auteur ; Kristen LYALL, Auteur ; Nathaniel W. SNYDER, Auteur.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 11 (2020)
Mots-clés : Androgen Autism-related traits Meconium Prenatal exposure Sex difference Sibling Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Prenatal exposure to increased androgens has been suggested as a risk factor for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This hypothesis has been examined by measurement of steroids in amniotic fluid, cord blood, saliva, and blood with mixed results. METHODS: To provide an orthogonal measure of fetal exposure, this study used meconium, the first stool of a newborn, to measure prenatal androgen exposure from infants in the Early Autism Risk Longitudinal Investigation (EARLI). EARLI is a familial-enriched risk cohort that enrolled pregnant mothers who already had a child with an ASD diagnosis. In the younger child, we investigated the association between meconium unconjugated (u) and total (t) concentrations of major androgens testosterone (T), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and androstenedione (A4), and ASD-related traits at 12 and 36 months of age. Traits were measured at 12 months with Autism Observation Scale for Infants (AOSI) and at 36 months with total score on the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). One hundred and seventy children had meconium and AOSI, 140 had meconium and SRS, and 137 had meconium and both AOSI and SRS. RESULTS: Separate robust linear regressions between each of the log-transformed androgens and log-transformed SRS scores revealed three-way interaction between sex of the child, sex of the proband, and testosterone concentration. In the adjusted analyses, t-T, u-A4, and u-DHEA (P???0.01) were positively associated with AOSI scores, while u-T (P?=?0.004) and u-DHEA (P?=?0.007) were positively associated with SRS total score among females with female probands (n?=?10). Additionally, higher concentrations of u-T (P?=?0.01) and t-T (P?=?0.01) predicted higher SRS total score in males with male probands (n?=?63). Limitations Since we explored three-way interactions, this resulted in a limited sample size for some analyses. This study was from an enriched-risk cohort which may limit generalizability, and this study used ASD-assessment scales as outcomes instead of diagnostic categories. Additionally, the novel use of meconium in this study limits the ability to compare the results in this cohort to others due to the paucity of research on meconium. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the utility of meconium for studies of endogenous fetal metabolism and suggests the sex of older siblings with autism should be considered as a biological variable in relevant studies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00395-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=438 Salivary testosterone in male and female youth with and without autism spectrum disorder: considerations of development, sex, and diagnosis / Rachael A. MUSCATELLO in Molecular Autism, 13 (2022)
[article]
Titre : Salivary testosterone in male and female youth with and without autism spectrum disorder: considerations of development, sex, and diagnosis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rachael A. MUSCATELLO, Auteur ; Emma RAFATJOO, Auteur ; Karan K. MIRPURI, Auteur ; Ahra KIM, Auteur ; Simon VANDEKAR, Auteur ; Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur Article en page(s) : 37 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis Autistic Disorder Female Humans Longitudinal Studies Male Sexual Development Testosterone Adolescence Androgen Autism Pubertal development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Puberty is characterized by significant physical, hormonal, and psychological changes, which may be especially challenging for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Although the etiology of ASD remains uncertain, studies suggest imbalances in hormones, such as testosterone, may modulate the autism phenotype. While differences in fetal and postnatal testosterone have been reported, there is limited literature regarding testosterone variations during adolescence in ASD. We investigated morning salivary testosterone levels in youth with ASD and typical development (TD) to explore hypothesized differences, expecting elevated hormonal levels in ASD compared to TD. METHODS: Youth with ASD (n=140) and TD (n=104), ages 10 to 13Â years, were enrolled as part of a longitudinal study on pubertal development. Pubertal stage was determined by gold standard physical examination, and salivary testosterone was collected in the morning immediately upon waking and 30 min after waking and averaged across 3 days. Diagnostic (ASD/TD) and sex (male/female) differences, as well as interactions with age and puberty, were examined using robust linear mixed effect models. RESULTS: Youth with ASD showed significantly elevated testosterone concentrations compared to same-age TD peers. After the inclusion of natural cubic splines to account for nonlinearity in age, a significant age-by-sex interaction emerged with distinct developmental slopes for males and females. At younger ages, females had higher testosterone, until about 11.5Â years of age, when levels began to plateau, while male testosterone concentrations continued to rapidly increase and surpass females. As expected, more advanced pubertal development was associated with elevated testosterone. In contrast, no significant effect of parent-reported social communication symptoms was observed. LIMITATIONS: Limitations include an unequal sex distribution, non-representative sample (e.g., cognition and race/ethnicity), and inability to examine afternoon/evening testosterone due to detection limits. CONCLUSIONS: Testosterone may play a unique role in the presentation of ASD, especially during periods of dynamic hormonal changes including puberty. Inherent developmental (age, puberty) and sex-based (male, female) factors play a more prominent role in changes in testosterone levels during adolescence. Even so, future research is warranted to determine the differential expression and impact of exposure to excess testosterone during the pubertal transition for youth with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00515-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491
in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 37 p.[article] Salivary testosterone in male and female youth with and without autism spectrum disorder: considerations of development, sex, and diagnosis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rachael A. MUSCATELLO, Auteur ; Emma RAFATJOO, Auteur ; Karan K. MIRPURI, Auteur ; Ahra KIM, Auteur ; Simon VANDEKAR, Auteur ; Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur . - 37 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 37 p.
Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis Autistic Disorder Female Humans Longitudinal Studies Male Sexual Development Testosterone Adolescence Androgen Autism Pubertal development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Puberty is characterized by significant physical, hormonal, and psychological changes, which may be especially challenging for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Although the etiology of ASD remains uncertain, studies suggest imbalances in hormones, such as testosterone, may modulate the autism phenotype. While differences in fetal and postnatal testosterone have been reported, there is limited literature regarding testosterone variations during adolescence in ASD. We investigated morning salivary testosterone levels in youth with ASD and typical development (TD) to explore hypothesized differences, expecting elevated hormonal levels in ASD compared to TD. METHODS: Youth with ASD (n=140) and TD (n=104), ages 10 to 13Â years, were enrolled as part of a longitudinal study on pubertal development. Pubertal stage was determined by gold standard physical examination, and salivary testosterone was collected in the morning immediately upon waking and 30 min after waking and averaged across 3 days. Diagnostic (ASD/TD) and sex (male/female) differences, as well as interactions with age and puberty, were examined using robust linear mixed effect models. RESULTS: Youth with ASD showed significantly elevated testosterone concentrations compared to same-age TD peers. After the inclusion of natural cubic splines to account for nonlinearity in age, a significant age-by-sex interaction emerged with distinct developmental slopes for males and females. At younger ages, females had higher testosterone, until about 11.5Â years of age, when levels began to plateau, while male testosterone concentrations continued to rapidly increase and surpass females. As expected, more advanced pubertal development was associated with elevated testosterone. In contrast, no significant effect of parent-reported social communication symptoms was observed. LIMITATIONS: Limitations include an unequal sex distribution, non-representative sample (e.g., cognition and race/ethnicity), and inability to examine afternoon/evening testosterone due to detection limits. CONCLUSIONS: Testosterone may play a unique role in the presentation of ASD, especially during periods of dynamic hormonal changes including puberty. Inherent developmental (age, puberty) and sex-based (male, female) factors play a more prominent role in changes in testosterone levels during adolescence. Even so, future research is warranted to determine the differential expression and impact of exposure to excess testosterone during the pubertal transition for youth with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00515-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491