Autism diagnosis as a social process / Jennie HAYES in Autism, 26-2 (February 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 26-2 (February 2022) . - p.488-498 Titre : Autism diagnosis as a social process Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jennie HAYES, Auteur ; Tamsin FORD, Auteur ; Rose MCCABE, Auteur ; Ginny RUSSELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.488-498 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  diagnosis  health services  policy  qualitative research  of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this  article. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : When a child or adult is referred for an autism diagnosis, clinicians from different backgrounds work together to make a diagnostic decision. A few studies have asked clinicians in interview how they feel about diagnosis and what the challenges are. We interviewed clinicians in child and adult assessment services in England, and from different professional backgrounds, about the challenges of autism diagnosis and the factors that might influence the assessment process. We found that there were a number of challenges in autism diagnosis, especially when someone coming for diagnosis was considered to be near the diagnostic threshold. Clinicians told us that making a diagnosis was like creating a 'narrative': looking at many different factors that told a story about a person, rather than just looking at the results of diagnostic tests. Clinicians do not always agree with the results of those tests and have to use their specialist clinical judgement to make decisions. Clinicians were concerned about the amount of time people have to wait for an autism assessment, and the resulting pressure on the assessment process. The findings of this work can help us to understand how diagnosis happens and consider ways in which it can be improved for adults, children and families coming for assessment, as well as clinicians. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211030392 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452 [article] Autism diagnosis as a social process [texte imprimé] / Jennie HAYES, Auteur ; Tamsin FORD, Auteur ; Rose MCCABE, Auteur ; Ginny RUSSELL, Auteur . - p.488-498. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 26-2 (February 2022) . - p.488-498 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  diagnosis  health services  policy  qualitative research  of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this  article. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : When a child or adult is referred for an autism diagnosis, clinicians from different backgrounds work together to make a diagnostic decision. A few studies have asked clinicians in interview how they feel about diagnosis and what the challenges are. We interviewed clinicians in child and adult assessment services in England, and from different professional backgrounds, about the challenges of autism diagnosis and the factors that might influence the assessment process. We found that there were a number of challenges in autism diagnosis, especially when someone coming for diagnosis was considered to be near the diagnostic threshold. Clinicians told us that making a diagnosis was like creating a 'narrative': looking at many different factors that told a story about a person, rather than just looking at the results of diagnostic tests. Clinicians do not always agree with the results of those tests and have to use their specialist clinical judgement to make decisions. Clinicians were concerned about the amount of time people have to wait for an autism assessment, and the resulting pressure on the assessment process. The findings of this work can help us to understand how diagnosis happens and consider ways in which it can be improved for adults, children and families coming for assessment, as well as clinicians. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211030392 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452

Contextualising Autism Diagnosis / Ginny RUSSELL in Autism - Open Access, 4-1 ([01/01/2014])  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism - Open Access > 4-1 [01/01/2014] . - 2 p. Titre : Contextualising Autism Diagnosis Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ginny RUSSELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : 2 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2165-7890.1000128 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=409 [article] Contextualising Autism Diagnosis [texte imprimé] / Ginny RUSSELL, Auteur . - 2 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism - Open Access > 4-1 [01/01/2014] . - 2 p. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2165-7890.1000128 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=409

Identification of children with the same level of impairment as children on the autistic spectrum, and analysis of their service use / Ginny RUSSELL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-6 (June 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-6 (June 2010) . - p.643-651 Titre : Identification of children with the same level of impairment as children on the autistic spectrum, and analysis of their service use Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ginny RUSSELL, Auteur ; Tamsin FORD, Auteur ; Jean GOLDING, Auteur ; Colin STEER, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.643-651 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism pervasive-developmental-disorders Asperger's-syndrome epidemiology prevalence child-mental-health Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Data from epidemiology have consistently highlighted a disparity between the true prevalence of childhood psychiatric disorders and their recognition as defined by receiving a clinical diagnosis. Few studies have looked specifically at the level of unidentified autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) in the population. Method: Logistic regression was used to determine the behavioural traits associated with receiving a diagnosis of ASD using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). A composite score was derived to measure levels of autistic traits; undiagnosed children with scores matching those diagnosed with ASD were identified. Levels of educational provision beyond that provided by standard schooling were examined. Results: Fifty-five percent of children with autistic traits at the same levels as those who had an autism diagnosis had not been identified as needing extra support from education or specialised health services. Of those who were identified as having special needs, 37.5% had been formally diagnosed with an ASD. For children with impairment at the same level as that associated with Asperger's syndrome, 57% had no special provision at school, and were not accessing specialised health services. Twenty-six percent of those who did have special provision at school had an ASD diagnosis. Conclusions: The results suggest that there may be a substantial proportion of children on the autistic spectrum who are never identified by services. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02233.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101 [article] Identification of children with the same level of impairment as children on the autistic spectrum, and analysis of their service use [texte imprimé] / Ginny RUSSELL, Auteur ; Tamsin FORD, Auteur ; Jean GOLDING, Auteur ; Colin STEER, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.643-651. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-6 (June 2010) . - p.643-651 Mots-clés : Autism pervasive-developmental-disorders Asperger's-syndrome epidemiology prevalence child-mental-health Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Data from epidemiology have consistently highlighted a disparity between the true prevalence of childhood psychiatric disorders and their recognition as defined by receiving a clinical diagnosis. Few studies have looked specifically at the level of unidentified autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) in the population. Method: Logistic regression was used to determine the behavioural traits associated with receiving a diagnosis of ASD using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). A composite score was derived to measure levels of autistic traits; undiagnosed children with scores matching those diagnosed with ASD were identified. Levels of educational provision beyond that provided by standard schooling were examined. Results: Fifty-five percent of children with autistic traits at the same levels as those who had an autism diagnosis had not been identified as needing extra support from education or specialised health services. Of those who were identified as having special needs, 37.5% had been formally diagnosed with an ASD. For children with impairment at the same level as that associated with Asperger's syndrome, 57% had no special provision at school, and were not accessing specialised health services. Twenty-six percent of those who did have special provision at school had an ASD diagnosis. Conclusions: The results suggest that there may be a substantial proportion of children on the autistic spectrum who are never identified by services. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02233.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101

Is disclosing an autism spectrum disorder in school associated with reduced stigmatization? / Rhianna WHITE in Autism, 24-3 (April 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-3 (April 2020) . - p.744-754 Titre : Is disclosing an autism spectrum disorder in school associated with reduced stigmatization? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rhianna WHITE, Auteur ; Manuela BARRETO, Auteur ; Jean HARRINGTON, Auteur ; Steven K. KAPP, Auteur ; Jennie HAYES, Auteur ; Ginny RUSSELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.744-754 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescents  autism spectrum disorder  disclosure  school-age children  stigma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Evidence suggests disclosing an autism diagnosis is associated with reduced stigmatization for autistic adults. However, it is unknown whether this is true for autistic adolescents. We used a vignette-and-questionnaire design to study stigmatizing attitudes with adolescents (aged 11-12 and 14-16 years, total N = 250) in a UK school. We investigated the effect of disclosing that a fictional adolescent had an autism diagnosis on stigmatizing attitudes of peers by testing the effect of disclosure of diagnosis on the social and emotional distance pupils wanted to maintain from the autistic adolescent. We also tested the effect of disclosure on peers' assessment of the adolescent's responsibility for their own behaviour. We checked to see if the effects were moderated by gender and age-group. Disclosing autism did not affect the social and emotional distance peers wanted to maintain from the autistic adolescent, but was associated with significant reduction in personal responsibility attributed to the adolescent's behaviour. Boys attributed more personal responsibility to the autistic adolescent than girls, but this gender effect was reduced when autism was disclosed. These findings suggest that disclosing autism to other pupils may be of limited use in reducing stigmatization by peers in UK schools. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319887625 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Is disclosing an autism spectrum disorder in school associated with reduced stigmatization? [texte imprimé] / Rhianna WHITE, Auteur ; Manuela BARRETO, Auteur ; Jean HARRINGTON, Auteur ; Steven K. KAPP, Auteur ; Jennie HAYES, Auteur ; Ginny RUSSELL, Auteur . - p.744-754. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-3 (April 2020) . - p.744-754 Mots-clés : adolescents  autism spectrum disorder  disclosure  school-age children  stigma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Evidence suggests disclosing an autism diagnosis is associated with reduced stigmatization for autistic adults. However, it is unknown whether this is true for autistic adolescents. We used a vignette-and-questionnaire design to study stigmatizing attitudes with adolescents (aged 11-12 and 14-16 years, total N = 250) in a UK school. We investigated the effect of disclosing that a fictional adolescent had an autism diagnosis on stigmatizing attitudes of peers by testing the effect of disclosure of diagnosis on the social and emotional distance pupils wanted to maintain from the autistic adolescent. We also tested the effect of disclosure on peers' assessment of the adolescent's responsibility for their own behaviour. We checked to see if the effects were moderated by gender and age-group. Disclosing autism did not affect the social and emotional distance peers wanted to maintain from the autistic adolescent, but was associated with significant reduction in personal responsibility attributed to the adolescent's behaviour. Boys attributed more personal responsibility to the autistic adolescent than girls, but this gender effect was reduced when autism was disclosed. These findings suggest that disclosing autism to other pupils may be of limited use in reducing stigmatization by peers in UK schools. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319887625 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

'People should be allowed to do what they like': Autistic adults' views and experiences of stimming / Steven K. KAPP in Autism, 23-7 (October 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 23-7 (October 2019) . - p.1782-1792 Titre : 'People should be allowed to do what they like': Autistic adults' views and experiences of stimming Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Steven K. KAPP, Auteur ; Robyn STEWARD, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Daisy ELLIOTT, Auteur ; Chris ELPHICK, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur ; Ginny RUSSELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1782-1792 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults  autism  neurodiversity  repetitive behaviour  repetitive movements  self-stimulatory behaviour  stereotypies  stimming Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : 'Stereotyped or repetitive motor movements' are characterised as core features in the diagnosis of autism, yet many autistic adults (and the neurodiversity movement) have reclaimed them as 'stimming'. Supported by a growing body of scientific research, autistic adults argue that these behaviours may serve as useful coping mechanisms, yet little research has examined stimming from the perspective of autistic adults. Through interviews and focus groups, we asked 32 autistic adults to share their perceptions and experiences of stimming, including the reasons they stim, any value doing so may hold for them and their perceptions of others' reactions to stimming. Using thematic analysis, we identified two themes: stimming as (1) a self-regulatory mechanism and (2) lacking in social acceptance, but can become accepted through understanding. Autistic adults highlighted the importance of stimming as an adaptive mechanism that helps them to soothe or communicate intense emotions or thoughts and thus objected to treatment that aims to eliminate the behaviour. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319829628 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=406 [article] 'People should be allowed to do what they like': Autistic adults' views and experiences of stimming [texte imprimé] / Steven K. KAPP, Auteur ; Robyn STEWARD, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Daisy ELLIOTT, Auteur ; Chris ELPHICK, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur ; Ginny RUSSELL, Auteur . - p.1782-1792. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 23-7 (October 2019) . - p.1782-1792 Mots-clés : adults  autism  neurodiversity  repetitive behaviour  repetitive movements  self-stimulatory behaviour  stereotypies  stimming Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : 'Stereotyped or repetitive motor movements' are characterised as core features in the diagnosis of autism, yet many autistic adults (and the neurodiversity movement) have reclaimed them as 'stimming'. Supported by a growing body of scientific research, autistic adults argue that these behaviours may serve as useful coping mechanisms, yet little research has examined stimming from the perspective of autistic adults. Through interviews and focus groups, we asked 32 autistic adults to share their perceptions and experiences of stimming, including the reasons they stim, any value doing so may hold for them and their perceptions of others' reactions to stimming. Using thematic analysis, we identified two themes: stimming as (1) a self-regulatory mechanism and (2) lacking in social acceptance, but can become accepted through understanding. Autistic adults highlighted the importance of stimming as an adaptive mechanism that helps them to soothe or communicate intense emotions or thoughts and thus objected to treatment that aims to eliminate the behaviour. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319829628 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=406

Prevalence of Parent-Reported ASD and ADHD in the UK: Findings from the Millennium Cohort Study / Ginny RUSSELL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44-1 (January 2014)  

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Selection bias on intellectual ability in autism research: a cross-sectional review and meta-analysis / Ginny RUSSELL in Molecular Autism, 10 (2019)  

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Social and behavioural outcomes in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders: a longitudinal cohort study / Ginny RUSSELL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-7 (July 2012)  

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The association of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with socioeconomic disadvantage: alternative explanations and evidence / Ginny RUSSELL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-5 (May 2014)  

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The Rise and Rise of the Autism Diagnosis / Ginny RUSSELL in Autism - Open Access, 2-1 (March 2012)  

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Time trends in autism diagnosis over 20 years: a UK population-based cohort study / Ginny RUSSELL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-6 (June 2022)  

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