Dépouillements

Editorial: The continuing contributions of MTA over nearly two decades to initial attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder pharmacotherapy and long-term clinical course / Michael H. BLOCH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-6 (June 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.637-639 Titre : Editorial: The continuing contributions of MTA over nearly two decades to initial attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder pharmacotherapy and long-term clinical course Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michael H. BLOCH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.637-639 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The initial results of the Multimodal Treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (MTA) trial had profound effects on the way that Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is managed clinically. Children from the original MTA cohort as well as a control group have been followed longitudinally for well over a decade and are beginning to provide important data regarding the long-term clinical course, treatment and consequences of ADHD into adulthood. Two articles in this issue of JCPP highlight important contributions from the MTA cohort. Swanson et al. highlights the potential long-term effects of stimulants on height whereas Sibley et al. highlights the importance of using multiple informants in assessing adulthood ADHD symptoms similar to children and suggest that current DSM criteria for ADHD may be overly stringent. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12755 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308 [article] Editorial: The continuing contributions of MTA over nearly two decades to initial attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder pharmacotherapy and long-term clinical course [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michael H. BLOCH, Auteur . - p.637-639. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.637-639 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The initial results of the Multimodal Treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (MTA) trial had profound effects on the way that Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is managed clinically. Children from the original MTA cohort as well as a control group have been followed longitudinally for well over a decade and are beginning to provide important data regarding the long-term clinical course, treatment and consequences of ADHD into adulthood. Two articles in this issue of JCPP highlight important contributions from the MTA cohort. Swanson et al. highlights the potential long-term effects of stimulants on height whereas Sibley et al. highlights the importance of using multiple informants in assessing adulthood ADHD symptoms similar to children and suggest that current DSM criteria for ADHD may be overly stringent. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12755 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308

Research Review: Language problems in children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder – a systematic meta-analytic review / Hannah KORREL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-6 (June 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.640-654 Titre : Research Review: Language problems in children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder – a systematic meta-analytic review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hannah KORREL, Auteur ; Kathryn L. MUELLER, Auteur ; Tim SILK, Auteur ; Vicki ANDERSON, Auteur ; Emma SCIBERRAS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.640-654 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder  language  attention  language disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) appear to have a higher risk of language problems compared with typically developing children, although the types of language problems experienced are less clear. This review aims to establish the types of language problems experienced by children with ADHD according to systematically reviewed literature and determine the empirical evidence for language problems in children with ADHD compared with non-ADHD controls. Methods A standardized search protocol was used on databases: CINAHL, Medline, and PsychINFO. We identified studies with the following inclusion criteria: (a) confirmed ADHD status at the time of the study, (b) inclusion of a non-ADHD control group, (c) use of a validated language measure, and (d) age ? 18. t-Tests, Pearson's r, and Hedges g effect sizes (ES) were calculated using summary statistics. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted for the language domain suitable for analysis. Publication bias was investigated using both the trim and fill and p-curve techniques. Results Twenty-one studies were included in the systematic review (ADHD = 1,209; Control = 1,101), within which 60 of 68 separate analyses found significant differences between the ADHD and control group on the language measures (p < .05). Follow-up meta-analyses found evidence for large deficits in the ADHD groups overall (10/11 studies met p < .05; weighted mean ES [WMES]: 1.04); expressive (10/10 met p < .05; WMES: 1.23); receptive (12/14 met p < .05; WMES: 0.97), and pragmatic language (4/4 studies met p < .05; WMES: 0.98) compared with controls. Conclusions This study demonstrates that children with ADHD have poorer performance on measures of overall, expressive, receptive, and pragmatic language compared with controls. A screening of language functioning may be a valuable addition to the assessment of ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12688 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308 [article] Research Review: Language problems in children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder – a systematic meta-analytic review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hannah KORREL, Auteur ; Kathryn L. MUELLER, Auteur ; Tim SILK, Auteur ; Vicki ANDERSON, Auteur ; Emma SCIBERRAS, Auteur . - p.640-654. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.640-654 Mots-clés : Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder  language  attention  language disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) appear to have a higher risk of language problems compared with typically developing children, although the types of language problems experienced are less clear. This review aims to establish the types of language problems experienced by children with ADHD according to systematically reviewed literature and determine the empirical evidence for language problems in children with ADHD compared with non-ADHD controls. Methods A standardized search protocol was used on databases: CINAHL, Medline, and PsychINFO. We identified studies with the following inclusion criteria: (a) confirmed ADHD status at the time of the study, (b) inclusion of a non-ADHD control group, (c) use of a validated language measure, and (d) age ? 18. t-Tests, Pearson's r, and Hedges g effect sizes (ES) were calculated using summary statistics. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted for the language domain suitable for analysis. Publication bias was investigated using both the trim and fill and p-curve techniques. Results Twenty-one studies were included in the systematic review (ADHD = 1,209; Control = 1,101), within which 60 of 68 separate analyses found significant differences between the ADHD and control group on the language measures (p < .05). Follow-up meta-analyses found evidence for large deficits in the ADHD groups overall (10/11 studies met p < .05; weighted mean ES [WMES]: 1.04); expressive (10/10 met p < .05; WMES: 1.23); receptive (12/14 met p < .05; WMES: 0.97), and pragmatic language (4/4 studies met p < .05; WMES: 0.98) compared with controls. Conclusions This study demonstrates that children with ADHD have poorer performance on measures of overall, expressive, receptive, and pragmatic language compared with controls. A screening of language functioning may be a valuable addition to the assessment of ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12688 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308

Defining ADHD symptom persistence in adulthood: optimizing sensitivity and specificity / Margaret H. SIBLEY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-6 (June 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.655-662 Titre : Defining ADHD symptom persistence in adulthood: optimizing sensitivity and specificity Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Margaret H. SIBLEY, Auteur ; James M. SWANSON, Auteur ; L. Eugene ARNOLD, Auteur ; Lily T. HECHTMAN, Auteur ; Elizabeth B. OWENS, Auteur ; Annamarie STEHLI, Auteur ; Howard B. ABIKOFF, Auteur ; Stephen P. HINSHAW, Auteur ; Brooke S. G. MOLINA, Auteur ; John T. MITCHELL, Auteur ; Peter S. JENSEN, Auteur ; Andrea L. HOWARD, Auteur ; Kimberley D. LAKES, Auteur ; William E. PELHAM, Auteur ; THE M. T. A. COOPERATIVE GROUP,, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.655-662 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult ADHD  DSM-5  diagnosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Objective Longitudinal studies of children diagnosed with ADHD report widely ranging ADHD persistence rates in adulthood (5–75%). This study documents how information source (parent vs. self-report), method (rating scale vs. interview), and symptom threshold (DSM vs. norm-based) influence reported ADHD persistence rates in adulthood. Method Five hundred seventy-nine children were diagnosed with DSM-IV ADHD-Combined Type at baseline (ages 7.0–9.9 years) 289 classmates served as a local normative comparison group (LNCG), 476 and 241 of whom respectively were evaluated in adulthood (Mean Age = 24.7). Parent and self-reports of symptoms and impairment on rating scales and structured interviews were used to investigate ADHD persistence in adulthood. Results Persistence rates were higher when using parent rather than self-reports, structured interviews rather than rating scales (for self-report but not parent report), and a norm-based (NB) threshold of 4 symptoms rather than DSM criteria. Receiver-Operating Characteristics (ROC) analyses revealed that sensitivity and specificity were optimized by combining parent and self-reports on a rating scale and applying a NB threshold. Conclusion The interview format optimizes young adult self-reporting when parent reports are not available. However, the combination of parent and self-reports from rating scales, using an ‘or’ rule and a NB threshold optimized the balance between sensitivity and specificity. With this definition, 60% of the ADHD group demonstrated symptom persistence and 41% met both symptom and impairment criteria in adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12620 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308 [article] Defining ADHD symptom persistence in adulthood: optimizing sensitivity and specificity [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Margaret H. SIBLEY, Auteur ; James M. SWANSON, Auteur ; L. Eugene ARNOLD, Auteur ; Lily T. HECHTMAN, Auteur ; Elizabeth B. OWENS, Auteur ; Annamarie STEHLI, Auteur ; Howard B. ABIKOFF, Auteur ; Stephen P. HINSHAW, Auteur ; Brooke S. G. MOLINA, Auteur ; John T. MITCHELL, Auteur ; Peter S. JENSEN, Auteur ; Andrea L. HOWARD, Auteur ; Kimberley D. LAKES, Auteur ; William E. PELHAM, Auteur ; THE M. T. A. COOPERATIVE GROUP,, Auteur . - p.655-662. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.655-662 Mots-clés : Adult ADHD  DSM-5  diagnosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Objective Longitudinal studies of children diagnosed with ADHD report widely ranging ADHD persistence rates in adulthood (5–75%). This study documents how information source (parent vs. self-report), method (rating scale vs. interview), and symptom threshold (DSM vs. norm-based) influence reported ADHD persistence rates in adulthood. Method Five hundred seventy-nine children were diagnosed with DSM-IV ADHD-Combined Type at baseline (ages 7.0–9.9 years) 289 classmates served as a local normative comparison group (LNCG), 476 and 241 of whom respectively were evaluated in adulthood (Mean Age = 24.7). Parent and self-reports of symptoms and impairment on rating scales and structured interviews were used to investigate ADHD persistence in adulthood. Results Persistence rates were higher when using parent rather than self-reports, structured interviews rather than rating scales (for self-report but not parent report), and a norm-based (NB) threshold of 4 symptoms rather than DSM criteria. Receiver-Operating Characteristics (ROC) analyses revealed that sensitivity and specificity were optimized by combining parent and self-reports on a rating scale and applying a NB threshold. Conclusion The interview format optimizes young adult self-reporting when parent reports are not available. However, the combination of parent and self-reports from rating scales, using an ‘or’ rule and a NB threshold optimized the balance between sensitivity and specificity. With this definition, 60% of the ADHD group demonstrated symptom persistence and 41% met both symptom and impairment criteria in adulthood. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12620 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308

Young adult outcomes in the follow-up of the multimodal treatment study of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: symptom persistence, source discrepancy, and height suppression / James M. SWANSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-6 (June 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.663-678 Titre : Young adult outcomes in the follow-up of the multimodal treatment study of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: symptom persistence, source discrepancy, and height suppression Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : James M. SWANSON, Auteur ; L. Eugene ARNOLD, Auteur ; Brooke S. G. MOLINA, Auteur ; Margaret H. SIBLEY, Auteur ; Lily T. HECHTMAN, Auteur ; Stephen P. HINSHAW, Auteur ; Howard B. ABIKOFF, Auteur ; Annamarie STEHLI, Auteur ; Elizabeth B. OWENS, Auteur ; John T. MITCHELL, Auteur ; Quyen NICHOLS, Auteur ; Andrea HOWARD, Auteur ; Laurence L. GREENHILL, Auteur ; Betsy HOZA, Auteur ; Jeffrey H. NEWCORN, Auteur ; Peter S. JENSEN, Auteur ; Benedetto VITIELLO, Auteur ; Timothy WIGAL, Auteur ; Jeffery N. EPSTEIN, Auteur ; Leanne TAMM, Auteur ; Kimberly D. LAKES, Auteur ; James WAXMONSKY, Auteur ; Marc LERNER, Auteur ; Joy ETCOVITCH, Auteur ; Desiree W. MURRAY, Auteur ; Maximilian MUENKE, Auteur ; Maria T. ACOSTA, Auteur ; Mauricio ARCOS-BURGOS, Auteur ; William E. PELHAM, Auteur ; Helena C. KRAEMER, Auteur ; THE M. T. A. COOPERATIVE GROUP,, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.663-678 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  follow-up studies  growth  longitudinal studies  treatment trials  medication effects Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The Multimodal Treatment Study (MTA) began as a 14-month randomized clinical trial of behavioral and pharmacological treatments of 579 children (7–10 years of age) diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-combined type. It transitioned into an observational long-term follow-up of 515 cases consented for continuation and 289 classmates (258 without ADHD) added as a local normative comparison group (LNCG), with assessments 2–16 years after baseline. Methods Primary (symptom severity) and secondary (adult height) outcomes in adulthood were specified. Treatment was monitored to age 18, and naturalistic subgroups were formed based on three patterns of long-term use of stimulant medication (Consistent, Inconsistent, and Negligible). For the follow-up, hypothesis-generating analyses were performed on outcomes in early adulthood (at 25 years of age). Planned comparisons were used to estimate ADHD-LNCG differences reflecting persistence of symptoms and naturalistic subgroup differences reflecting benefit (symptom reduction) and cost (height suppression) associated with extended use of medication. Results For ratings of symptom severity, the ADHD-LNCG comparison was statistically significant for the parent/self-report average (0.51 ± 0.04, p < .0001, d = 1.11), documenting symptom persistence, and for the parent/self-report difference (0.21 ± 0.04, p < .0001, d = .60), documenting source discrepancy, but the comparisons of naturalistic subgroups reflecting medication effects were not significant. For adult height, the ADHD group was 1.29 ± 0.55 cm shorter than the LNCG (p < .01, d = .21), and the comparisons of the naturalistic subgroups were significant: the treated group with the Consistent or Inconsistent pattern was 2.55 ± 0.73 cm shorter than the subgroup with the Negligible pattern (p < .0005, d = .42), and within the treated group, the subgroup with the Consistent pattern was 2.36 ± 1.13 cm shorter than the subgroup with the Inconsistent pattern (p < .04, d = .38). Conclusions In the MTA follow-up into adulthood, the ADHD group showed symptom persistence compared to local norms from the LNCG. Within naturalistic subgroups of ADHD cases, extended use of medication was associated with suppression of adult height but not with reduction of symptom severity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12684 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308 [article] Young adult outcomes in the follow-up of the multimodal treatment study of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: symptom persistence, source discrepancy, and height suppression [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / James M. SWANSON, Auteur ; L. Eugene ARNOLD, Auteur ; Brooke S. G. MOLINA, Auteur ; Margaret H. SIBLEY, Auteur ; Lily T. HECHTMAN, Auteur ; Stephen P. HINSHAW, Auteur ; Howard B. ABIKOFF, Auteur ; Annamarie STEHLI, Auteur ; Elizabeth B. OWENS, Auteur ; John T. MITCHELL, Auteur ; Quyen NICHOLS, Auteur ; Andrea HOWARD, Auteur ; Laurence L. GREENHILL, Auteur ; Betsy HOZA, Auteur ; Jeffrey H. NEWCORN, Auteur ; Peter S. JENSEN, Auteur ; Benedetto VITIELLO, Auteur ; Timothy WIGAL, Auteur ; Jeffery N. EPSTEIN, Auteur ; Leanne TAMM, Auteur ; Kimberly D. LAKES, Auteur ; James WAXMONSKY, Auteur ; Marc LERNER, Auteur ; Joy ETCOVITCH, Auteur ; Desiree W. MURRAY, Auteur ; Maximilian MUENKE, Auteur ; Maria T. ACOSTA, Auteur ; Mauricio ARCOS-BURGOS, Auteur ; William E. PELHAM, Auteur ; Helena C. KRAEMER, Auteur ; THE M. T. A. COOPERATIVE GROUP,, Auteur . - p.663-678. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.663-678 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  follow-up studies  growth  longitudinal studies  treatment trials  medication effects Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The Multimodal Treatment Study (MTA) began as a 14-month randomized clinical trial of behavioral and pharmacological treatments of 579 children (7–10 years of age) diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-combined type. It transitioned into an observational long-term follow-up of 515 cases consented for continuation and 289 classmates (258 without ADHD) added as a local normative comparison group (LNCG), with assessments 2–16 years after baseline. Methods Primary (symptom severity) and secondary (adult height) outcomes in adulthood were specified. Treatment was monitored to age 18, and naturalistic subgroups were formed based on three patterns of long-term use of stimulant medication (Consistent, Inconsistent, and Negligible). For the follow-up, hypothesis-generating analyses were performed on outcomes in early adulthood (at 25 years of age). Planned comparisons were used to estimate ADHD-LNCG differences reflecting persistence of symptoms and naturalistic subgroup differences reflecting benefit (symptom reduction) and cost (height suppression) associated with extended use of medication. Results For ratings of symptom severity, the ADHD-LNCG comparison was statistically significant for the parent/self-report average (0.51 ± 0.04, p < .0001, d = 1.11), documenting symptom persistence, and for the parent/self-report difference (0.21 ± 0.04, p < .0001, d = .60), documenting source discrepancy, but the comparisons of naturalistic subgroups reflecting medication effects were not significant. For adult height, the ADHD group was 1.29 ± 0.55 cm shorter than the LNCG (p < .01, d = .21), and the comparisons of the naturalistic subgroups were significant: the treated group with the Consistent or Inconsistent pattern was 2.55 ± 0.73 cm shorter than the subgroup with the Negligible pattern (p < .0005, d = .42), and within the treated group, the subgroup with the Consistent pattern was 2.36 ± 1.13 cm shorter than the subgroup with the Inconsistent pattern (p < .04, d = .38). Conclusions In the MTA follow-up into adulthood, the ADHD group showed symptom persistence compared to local norms from the LNCG. Within naturalistic subgroups of ADHD cases, extended use of medication was associated with suppression of adult height but not with reduction of symptom severity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12684 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308

Commentary: Important design features to consider in observational research on the long-term outcomes of ADHD – reflections on Sibley et al. (2017) and Swanson et al. (2017) / Henrik LARSSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-6 (June 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.679-681 Titre : Commentary: Important design features to consider in observational research on the long-term outcomes of ADHD – reflections on Sibley et al. (2017) and Swanson et al. (2017) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Henrik LARSSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.679-681 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this issue of the Journal, Sibley et al. (2017) presented some important insights into how different assessment approaches influence the apparent persistence of ADHD into adulthood, while Swanson et al. (2017) presented interesting results regarding the long-term benefits (adult symptom reduction) and costs (adult height suppression) associated with the treatment of ADHD with stimulant medication. This commentary highlights that (a) future studies that attempt to explore the occurrence and predictors of persisting and remitting developmental trajectories of ADHD, as well as late-onset ADHD, need to be based on thorough assessment of ADHD in adulthood using a combination of self-ratings and other informants (parents), and that (b) observational studies of the long-term benefits and risk associated with ADHD medications will play an important role in future research and clinical guidelines. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12758 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308 [article] Commentary: Important design features to consider in observational research on the long-term outcomes of ADHD – reflections on Sibley et al. (2017) and Swanson et al. (2017) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Henrik LARSSON, Auteur . - p.679-681. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.679-681 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this issue of the Journal, Sibley et al. (2017) presented some important insights into how different assessment approaches influence the apparent persistence of ADHD into adulthood, while Swanson et al. (2017) presented interesting results regarding the long-term benefits (adult symptom reduction) and costs (adult height suppression) associated with the treatment of ADHD with stimulant medication. This commentary highlights that (a) future studies that attempt to explore the occurrence and predictors of persisting and remitting developmental trajectories of ADHD, as well as late-onset ADHD, need to be based on thorough assessment of ADHD in adulthood using a combination of self-ratings and other informants (parents), and that (b) observational studies of the long-term benefits and risk associated with ADHD medications will play an important role in future research and clinical guidelines. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12758 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308

Telephone-assisted self-help for parents of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder who have residual functional impairment despite methylphenidate treatment: a randomized controlled trial / Christina DOSE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-6 (June 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.682-690 Titre : Telephone-assisted self-help for parents of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder who have residual functional impairment despite methylphenidate treatment: a randomized controlled trial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christina DOSE, Auteur ; Christopher HAUTMANN, Auteur ; Mareike BUERGER, Auteur ; Stephanie SCHUERMANN, Auteur ; Katrin WOITECKI, Auteur ; Manfred DOEPFNER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.682-690 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  functional impairment  school-aged children  methylphenidate  self-help parenting intervention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Self-help parenting interventions have been shown to be effective in the management of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and may be useful when there are barriers to face-to-face therapist-led parent trainings. Previous studies indicate that behavioral interventions might be a useful adjunct to medication in children with residual ADHD symptoms, and regarding comorbid oppositional symptoms and multiple domains of functional impairment. In the present study, we examined whether a telephone-assisted self-help (TASH) parenting behavioral intervention (written materials plus telephone counseling) enhanced the effects of methylphenidate treatment in children with ADHD. Methods In this randomized controlled trial, parents of 103 school-aged children with ADHD and residual functional impairment despite methylphenidate treatment were randomly assigned to either the enhancement group, which received the TASH intervention as adjunct to routine clinical care (including continued medication), or to the active control group, which received routine clinical care only (including continued medication). Parent-completed outcome measures at baseline and at 12 months (postassessment) included functional impairment, ADHD symptoms, oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms, parenting behavior, and parental satisfaction with the intervention (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01660425; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01660425). Results Intention-to-treat analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs), which controlled for baseline data, revealed significant and moderate intervention effects for ODD symptoms and negative parenting behavior at the postassessment, whereas per-protocol analyses additionally showed significant and moderate effects on functional impairment (primary outcome). Parents expressed high satisfaction with the program. Conclusions The TASH program enhances effects of methylphenidate treatment in families who complete the intervention. The discontinuation rate of about 30% and comparison between completing and discontinuing families suggest that the program may be more suitable for families with a higher educational level and fewer additional stresses. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12661 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308 [article] Telephone-assisted self-help for parents of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder who have residual functional impairment despite methylphenidate treatment: a randomized controlled trial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christina DOSE, Auteur ; Christopher HAUTMANN, Auteur ; Mareike BUERGER, Auteur ; Stephanie SCHUERMANN, Auteur ; Katrin WOITECKI, Auteur ; Manfred DOEPFNER, Auteur . - p.682-690. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.682-690 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  functional impairment  school-aged children  methylphenidate  self-help parenting intervention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Self-help parenting interventions have been shown to be effective in the management of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and may be useful when there are barriers to face-to-face therapist-led parent trainings. Previous studies indicate that behavioral interventions might be a useful adjunct to medication in children with residual ADHD symptoms, and regarding comorbid oppositional symptoms and multiple domains of functional impairment. In the present study, we examined whether a telephone-assisted self-help (TASH) parenting behavioral intervention (written materials plus telephone counseling) enhanced the effects of methylphenidate treatment in children with ADHD. Methods In this randomized controlled trial, parents of 103 school-aged children with ADHD and residual functional impairment despite methylphenidate treatment were randomly assigned to either the enhancement group, which received the TASH intervention as adjunct to routine clinical care (including continued medication), or to the active control group, which received routine clinical care only (including continued medication). Parent-completed outcome measures at baseline and at 12 months (postassessment) included functional impairment, ADHD symptoms, oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms, parenting behavior, and parental satisfaction with the intervention (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01660425; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01660425). Results Intention-to-treat analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs), which controlled for baseline data, revealed significant and moderate intervention effects for ODD symptoms and negative parenting behavior at the postassessment, whereas per-protocol analyses additionally showed significant and moderate effects on functional impairment (primary outcome). Parents expressed high satisfaction with the program. Conclusions The TASH program enhances effects of methylphenidate treatment in families who complete the intervention. The discontinuation rate of about 30% and comparison between completing and discontinuing families suggest that the program may be more suitable for families with a higher educational level and fewer additional stresses. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12661 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308

Maltreatment-associated neurodevelopmental disorders: a co-twin control analysis / Lisa DINKLER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-6 (June 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.691-701 Titre : Maltreatment-associated neurodevelopmental disorders: a co-twin control analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lisa DINKLER, Auteur ; Sebastian LUNDSTROM, Auteur ; Ruchika GAJWANI, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Christopher GILLBERG, Auteur ; Helen MINNIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.691-701 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child maltreatment  child abuse  neurodevelopmental disorders  behavior genetics  co-twin control design Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Childhood maltreatment (CM) is strongly associated with psychiatric disorders in childhood and adulthood. Previous findings suggest that the association between CM and psychiatric disorders is partly causal and partly due to familial confounding, but few studies have investigated the mechanisms behind the association between CM and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Our objective was to determine whether maltreated children have an elevated number of NDDs and whether CM is a risk factor for an increased NDD ‘load’ and increased NDD symptoms when controlling for familial effects. Methods We used a cross-sectional sample from a population-representative Swedish twin study, comprising 8,192 nine-year-old twins born in Sweden between 1997 and 2005. CM was defined as parent-reported exposure to emotional abuse/neglect, physical neglect, physical abuse, and/or sexual abuse. Four NDDs were measured with the Autism–Tics, AD/HD, and other comorbidities inventory. Results Maltreated children had a greater mean number of NDDs than nonmaltreated children. In a co-twin control design, CM-discordant monozygotic twins did not differ significantly for their number of NDDs, suggesting that CM is not associated with an increased load of NDDs when genetic and shared environmental factors are taken into account. However, CM was associated with a small increase in symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder in CM-discordant MZ twins, although most of the covariance of CM with NDD symptoms was explained by common genetic effects. Conclusions Maltreated children are at higher risk of having multiple NDDs. Our findings are, however, not consistent with the notion that CM causes the increased NDD load in maltreated children. Maltreated children should receive a full neurodevelopmental assessment, and clinicians should be aware that children with multiple NDDs are at higher risk of maltreatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12682 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308 [article] Maltreatment-associated neurodevelopmental disorders: a co-twin control analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lisa DINKLER, Auteur ; Sebastian LUNDSTROM, Auteur ; Ruchika GAJWANI, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Christopher GILLBERG, Auteur ; Helen MINNIS, Auteur . - p.691-701. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.691-701 Mots-clés : Child maltreatment  child abuse  neurodevelopmental disorders  behavior genetics  co-twin control design Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Childhood maltreatment (CM) is strongly associated with psychiatric disorders in childhood and adulthood. Previous findings suggest that the association between CM and psychiatric disorders is partly causal and partly due to familial confounding, but few studies have investigated the mechanisms behind the association between CM and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Our objective was to determine whether maltreated children have an elevated number of NDDs and whether CM is a risk factor for an increased NDD ‘load’ and increased NDD symptoms when controlling for familial effects. Methods We used a cross-sectional sample from a population-representative Swedish twin study, comprising 8,192 nine-year-old twins born in Sweden between 1997 and 2005. CM was defined as parent-reported exposure to emotional abuse/neglect, physical neglect, physical abuse, and/or sexual abuse. Four NDDs were measured with the Autism–Tics, AD/HD, and other comorbidities inventory. Results Maltreated children had a greater mean number of NDDs than nonmaltreated children. In a co-twin control design, CM-discordant monozygotic twins did not differ significantly for their number of NDDs, suggesting that CM is not associated with an increased load of NDDs when genetic and shared environmental factors are taken into account. However, CM was associated with a small increase in symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder in CM-discordant MZ twins, although most of the covariance of CM with NDD symptoms was explained by common genetic effects. Conclusions Maltreated children are at higher risk of having multiple NDDs. Our findings are, however, not consistent with the notion that CM causes the increased NDD load in maltreated children. Maltreated children should receive a full neurodevelopmental assessment, and clinicians should be aware that children with multiple NDDs are at higher risk of maltreatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12682 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308

Oppositional defiant disorder dimensions: genetic influences and risk for later psychopathology / Amy J. MIKOLAJEWSKI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-6 (June 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.702-710 Titre : Oppositional defiant disorder dimensions: genetic influences and risk for later psychopathology Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Amy J. MIKOLAJEWSKI, Auteur ; Jeanette TAYLOR, Auteur ; William G. IACONO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.702-710 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Oppositionality  symptom dimensions  genetic  environmental  longitudinal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background This study was undertaken to determine how well two oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) dimensions (irritable and headstrong/hurtful) assessed in childhood predict late adolescent psychopathology and the degree to which these outcomes can be attributed to genetic influences shared with ODD dimensions. Methods Psychopathology was assessed via diagnostic interviews of 1,225 twin pairs at ages 11 and 17. Results Consistent with hypotheses, the irritable dimension uniquely predicted overall internalizing problems, whereas the headstrong/hurtful dimension uniquely predicted substance use disorder symptoms. Both dimensions were predictive of antisocial behavior and overall externalizing problems. The expected relationships between the irritable dimension and specific internalizing disorders were not found. Twin modeling showed that the irritable and headstrong/hurtful dimensions were related to late adolescent psychopathology symptoms through common genetic influences. Conclusions Symptoms of ODD in childhood pose a significant risk for various mental health outcomes in late adolescence. Further, common genetic influences underlie the covariance between irritable symptoms in childhood and overall internalizing problems in late adolescence, whereas headstrong/hurtful symptoms share genetic influences with substance use disorder symptoms. Antisocial behavior and overall externalizing share common genetic influences with both the irritable and headstrong/hurtful dimensions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12683 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308 [article] Oppositional defiant disorder dimensions: genetic influences and risk for later psychopathology [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Amy J. MIKOLAJEWSKI, Auteur ; Jeanette TAYLOR, Auteur ; William G. IACONO, Auteur . - p.702-710. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.702-710 Mots-clés : Oppositionality  symptom dimensions  genetic  environmental  longitudinal Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background This study was undertaken to determine how well two oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) dimensions (irritable and headstrong/hurtful) assessed in childhood predict late adolescent psychopathology and the degree to which these outcomes can be attributed to genetic influences shared with ODD dimensions. Methods Psychopathology was assessed via diagnostic interviews of 1,225 twin pairs at ages 11 and 17. Results Consistent with hypotheses, the irritable dimension uniquely predicted overall internalizing problems, whereas the headstrong/hurtful dimension uniquely predicted substance use disorder symptoms. Both dimensions were predictive of antisocial behavior and overall externalizing problems. The expected relationships between the irritable dimension and specific internalizing disorders were not found. Twin modeling showed that the irritable and headstrong/hurtful dimensions were related to late adolescent psychopathology symptoms through common genetic influences. Conclusions Symptoms of ODD in childhood pose a significant risk for various mental health outcomes in late adolescence. Further, common genetic influences underlie the covariance between irritable symptoms in childhood and overall internalizing problems in late adolescence, whereas headstrong/hurtful symptoms share genetic influences with substance use disorder symptoms. Antisocial behavior and overall externalizing share common genetic influences with both the irritable and headstrong/hurtful dimensions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12683 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308

Shared familial risk factors between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and overweight/obesity – a population-based familial coaggregation study in Sweden / Qi CHEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-6 (June 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.711-718 Titre : Shared familial risk factors between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and overweight/obesity – a population-based familial coaggregation study in Sweden Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Qi CHEN, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Arvid SJÖLANDER, Auteur ; Eva SERLACHIUS, Auteur ; Samuele CORTESE, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Catarina ALMQVIST, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.711-718 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  obesity  family factors  genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Despite meta-analytic evidence for the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and overweight/obesity, the mechanisms underlying the association are yet to be fully understood. Methods By linking multiple Swedish national and regional registers, we identified 472,735 index males born during 1973–1992, with information on body weight and height directly measured before they were conscripted for military service. We further identified 523,237 full siblings born during 1973–2002 for the index males. All individuals were followed up from their third birthday to December 31, 2009 for ADHD diagnosis. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between overweight/obesity in index males and ADHD in their full siblings. Results Siblings of index males with overweight/obesity had increased risk for ADHD (overweight: OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.05–1.24; obesity: OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.24–1.63), compared with siblings of index males with normal weight. The results were adjusted for birth year of the index male and sex of the sibling. After further adjustment for ADHD status of the index male, the familial coaggregation remained significant (overweight: OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.04–1.22; obesity: OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.21–1.57). The results were similar across sex of the siblings. Conclusions Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and overweight/obesity share familial risk factors, which are not limited to those causing overweight/obesity through the mediation of ADHD. Future research aiming at identifying family-wide environmental risk factors as well as common pleiotropic genetic variants contributing to both traits is warranted. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12686 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308 [article] Shared familial risk factors between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and overweight/obesity – a population-based familial coaggregation study in Sweden [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Qi CHEN, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Arvid SJÖLANDER, Auteur ; Eva SERLACHIUS, Auteur ; Samuele CORTESE, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Catarina ALMQVIST, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur . - p.711-718. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.711-718 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  obesity  family factors  genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Despite meta-analytic evidence for the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and overweight/obesity, the mechanisms underlying the association are yet to be fully understood. Methods By linking multiple Swedish national and regional registers, we identified 472,735 index males born during 1973–1992, with information on body weight and height directly measured before they were conscripted for military service. We further identified 523,237 full siblings born during 1973–2002 for the index males. All individuals were followed up from their third birthday to December 31, 2009 for ADHD diagnosis. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between overweight/obesity in index males and ADHD in their full siblings. Results Siblings of index males with overweight/obesity had increased risk for ADHD (overweight: OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.05–1.24; obesity: OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.24–1.63), compared with siblings of index males with normal weight. The results were adjusted for birth year of the index male and sex of the sibling. After further adjustment for ADHD status of the index male, the familial coaggregation remained significant (overweight: OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.04–1.22; obesity: OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.21–1.57). The results were similar across sex of the siblings. Conclusions Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and overweight/obesity share familial risk factors, which are not limited to those causing overweight/obesity through the mediation of ADHD. Future research aiming at identifying family-wide environmental risk factors as well as common pleiotropic genetic variants contributing to both traits is warranted. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12686 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308

Explaining the sex difference in dyslexia / Anne B. ARNETT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-6 (June 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.719-727 Titre : Explaining the sex difference in dyslexia Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anne B. ARNETT, Auteur ; Bruce F. PENNINGTON, Auteur ; Robin L. PETERSON, Auteur ; Erik G. WILLCUTT, Auteur ; John C. DEFRIES, Auteur ; Richard K. OLSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.719-727 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Reading  dyslexia  sex difference  processing speed  inhibition  verbal reasoning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Males are diagnosed with dyslexia more frequently than females, even in epidemiological samples. This may be explained by greater variance in males’ reading performance. Methods We expand on previous research by rigorously testing the variance difference theory, and testing for mediation of the sex difference by cognitive correlates. We developed an analytic framework that can be applied to group differences in any psychiatric disorder. Results Males’ overrepresentation in the low performance tail of the reading distribution was accounted for by mean and variance differences across sex. There was no sex difference at the high performance tail. Processing speed (PS) and inhibitory control partially mediated the sex difference. Verbal reasoning emerged as a strength in males. Conclusions Our results complement a previous finding that PS partially mediates the sex difference in symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and helps explain the sex difference in both dyslexia and ADHD and their comorbidity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12691 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308 [article] Explaining the sex difference in dyslexia [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anne B. ARNETT, Auteur ; Bruce F. PENNINGTON, Auteur ; Robin L. PETERSON, Auteur ; Erik G. WILLCUTT, Auteur ; John C. DEFRIES, Auteur ; Richard K. OLSON, Auteur . - p.719-727. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.719-727 Mots-clés : Reading  dyslexia  sex difference  processing speed  inhibition  verbal reasoning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Males are diagnosed with dyslexia more frequently than females, even in epidemiological samples. This may be explained by greater variance in males’ reading performance. Methods We expand on previous research by rigorously testing the variance difference theory, and testing for mediation of the sex difference by cognitive correlates. We developed an analytic framework that can be applied to group differences in any psychiatric disorder. Results Males’ overrepresentation in the low performance tail of the reading distribution was accounted for by mean and variance differences across sex. There was no sex difference at the high performance tail. Processing speed (PS) and inhibitory control partially mediated the sex difference. Verbal reasoning emerged as a strength in males. Conclusions Our results complement a previous finding that PS partially mediates the sex difference in symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and helps explain the sex difference in both dyslexia and ADHD and their comorbidity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12691 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308

Adolescent daytime sleepiness as a risk factor for adult crime / Adrian RAINE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-6 (June 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.728-735 Titre : Adolescent daytime sleepiness as a risk factor for adult crime Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Adrian RAINE, Auteur ; Peter H. VENABLES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.728-735 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Sleepiness  sleep  antisocial  crime  attention  electroencephalogram  prefrontal  adolescence  adversity  intervention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background While recent cross-sectional research has documented a relationship between sleep problems and antisocial behavior, the longitudinal nature of this relationship is unknown. This study tests both the hypothesis that adolescent daytime sleepiness is associated with later adult criminal offending, and also tests a biopsychosocial mediation model in which social adversity predisposes to sleepiness, which in turn predisposes to attentional impairment, and to adult crime. Methods Schoolboys aged 15 years rated themselves on self-report sleepiness. Age 15 antisocial behavior was assessed by teacher ratings and self-reports, while convictions for crime were assessed at age 29. Attentional capacity at age 15 was assessed by autonomic orienting, with arousal assessed by the electroencephalogram (EEG). Results Sleepy adolescents were more likely to be antisocial during adolescence, and were 4.5 times more likely to commit crime by age 29. The sleepiness–adult crime relationship withstood control for adolescent antisocial behavior. Self-report sleepiness predicted to adult crime over and above objective measures of daytime sleepiness (EEG theta activity) and age 15 antisocial behavior. Poor daytime attention partly mediated the sleep–crime relationship. Mediation analyses also showed that social adversity predisposed to daytime sleepiness which was associated with reduced attention which in turn predisposed to adult crime. Conclusions Findings are the first to document a longitudinal association between sleepiness in adolescence and crime in adulthood. The longitudinal nature of this relationship, controlling for age 15 antisocial behavior, is consistent with the hypothesis that adolescent sleepiness predisposes to later antisociality. Findings are also consistent with the notion that the well-established link between social adversity and adult crime is partly explained by sleepiness. Results suggest that a very brief and simple assessment of subjective daytime sleepiness may have prognostic clinical value, and that interventions to reduced sleepiness could be a useful avenue for future crime prevention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12693 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308 [article] Adolescent daytime sleepiness as a risk factor for adult crime [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Adrian RAINE, Auteur ; Peter H. VENABLES, Auteur . - p.728-735. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.728-735 Mots-clés : Sleepiness  sleep  antisocial  crime  attention  electroencephalogram  prefrontal  adolescence  adversity  intervention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background While recent cross-sectional research has documented a relationship between sleep problems and antisocial behavior, the longitudinal nature of this relationship is unknown. This study tests both the hypothesis that adolescent daytime sleepiness is associated with later adult criminal offending, and also tests a biopsychosocial mediation model in which social adversity predisposes to sleepiness, which in turn predisposes to attentional impairment, and to adult crime. Methods Schoolboys aged 15 years rated themselves on self-report sleepiness. Age 15 antisocial behavior was assessed by teacher ratings and self-reports, while convictions for crime were assessed at age 29. Attentional capacity at age 15 was assessed by autonomic orienting, with arousal assessed by the electroencephalogram (EEG). Results Sleepy adolescents were more likely to be antisocial during adolescence, and were 4.5 times more likely to commit crime by age 29. The sleepiness–adult crime relationship withstood control for adolescent antisocial behavior. Self-report sleepiness predicted to adult crime over and above objective measures of daytime sleepiness (EEG theta activity) and age 15 antisocial behavior. Poor daytime attention partly mediated the sleep–crime relationship. Mediation analyses also showed that social adversity predisposed to daytime sleepiness which was associated with reduced attention which in turn predisposed to adult crime. Conclusions Findings are the first to document a longitudinal association between sleepiness in adolescence and crime in adulthood. The longitudinal nature of this relationship, controlling for age 15 antisocial behavior, is consistent with the hypothesis that adolescent sleepiness predisposes to later antisociality. Findings are also consistent with the notion that the well-established link between social adversity and adult crime is partly explained by sleepiness. Results suggest that a very brief and simple assessment of subjective daytime sleepiness may have prognostic clinical value, and that interventions to reduced sleepiness could be a useful avenue for future crime prevention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12693 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308

Income within context: relative income matters for adolescent social satisfaction and mental health / Nicole S. SORHAGEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-6 (June 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.736-743 Titre : Income within context: relative income matters for adolescent social satisfaction and mental health Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nicole S. SORHAGEN, Auteur ; Tabitha J. WURSTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.736-743 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Social class  sex differences  adolescence  social environment  Child Behavior Checklist Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Previous research has shown that a mismatch between one's own socioeconomic status (SES) and the SES of the surrounding context can lead to maladaptive outcomes, such as increased social stigma and low levels of belongingness (Johnson, Richeson, & Finkel, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100, 2011, 838; Ostrove, The Journal of Social Issues, 59, 2003, 771). This study examines an adolescent population, as contextual comparisons should be especially salient at this time. Methods Participants included over 900 adolescents at age 15 involved in a multisite longitudinal study. Results Results showed that lower relative income status predicted increased social dissatisfaction, internalizing and externalizing problems, after controlling for family SES. Moreover, the effect of relative income was indirectly related to these problems through social dissatisfaction. Exploratory multigroup analyses by gender suggested that the adolescent girls may be driving the effects of relative income. Conclusions Findings are discussed in regard to adolescent socioemotional functioning, as well as the implications for gender differences related to relative income status. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12695 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308 [article] Income within context: relative income matters for adolescent social satisfaction and mental health [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nicole S. SORHAGEN, Auteur ; Tabitha J. WURSTER, Auteur . - p.736-743. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.736-743 Mots-clés : Social class  sex differences  adolescence  social environment  Child Behavior Checklist Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Previous research has shown that a mismatch between one's own socioeconomic status (SES) and the SES of the surrounding context can lead to maladaptive outcomes, such as increased social stigma and low levels of belongingness (Johnson, Richeson, & Finkel, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100, 2011, 838; Ostrove, The Journal of Social Issues, 59, 2003, 771). This study examines an adolescent population, as contextual comparisons should be especially salient at this time. Methods Participants included over 900 adolescents at age 15 involved in a multisite longitudinal study. Results Results showed that lower relative income status predicted increased social dissatisfaction, internalizing and externalizing problems, after controlling for family SES. Moreover, the effect of relative income was indirectly related to these problems through social dissatisfaction. Exploratory multigroup analyses by gender suggested that the adolescent girls may be driving the effects of relative income. Conclusions Findings are discussed in regard to adolescent socioemotional functioning, as well as the implications for gender differences related to relative income status. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12695 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308

Editorial Perspective: Neurodiversity – a revolutionary concept for autism and psychiatry / Simon BARON-COHEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-6 (June 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.744-747 Titre : Editorial Perspective: Neurodiversity – a revolutionary concept for autism and psychiatry Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.744-747 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Should we continue to refer to autism as a ‘disease’ or ‘disorder’, or is the framework of ‘neurodiversity’ a more humane and accurate lens through which to view people with autism? Evidence at the genetic, neural, behavioural and cognitive levels reveals people with autism show both differences, and signs of disability, but not disorder. Disability requires societal support, acceptance of difference and diversity, and societal “reasonable adjustment”, whilst disorder is usually taken to require cure or treatment. These are very different frameworks. It will be important to see how the concept of neurodiversity is applied to the 300 diagnoses in DSM-5, and if it revolutionizes both the science and the practice of psychiatry. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12703 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308 [article] Editorial Perspective: Neurodiversity – a revolutionary concept for autism and psychiatry [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - p.744-747. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.744-747 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Should we continue to refer to autism as a ‘disease’ or ‘disorder’, or is the framework of ‘neurodiversity’ a more humane and accurate lens through which to view people with autism? Evidence at the genetic, neural, behavioural and cognitive levels reveals people with autism show both differences, and signs of disability, but not disorder. Disability requires societal support, acceptance of difference and diversity, and societal “reasonable adjustment”, whilst disorder is usually taken to require cure or treatment. These are very different frameworks. It will be important to see how the concept of neurodiversity is applied to the 300 diagnoses in DSM-5, and if it revolutionizes both the science and the practice of psychiatry. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12703 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308