Dépouillements

Editorial / Dermot M. BOWLER in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 63 (July 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 63 (July 2019) . - p.1-2 Titre : Editorial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur ; Patricia HOWLIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-2 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.04.007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=394 [article] Editorial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Hilde M. GEURTS, Auteur ; Patricia HOWLIN, Auteur . - p.1-2. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 63 (July 2019) . - p.1-2 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.04.007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=394

“Older Adults with ASD: The Consequences of Aging.” Insights from a series of special interest group meetings held at the International Society for Autism Research 2016–2017 / A. ROESTORF in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 63 (July 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 63 (July 2019) . - p.3-12 Titre : “Older Adults with ASD: The Consequences of Aging.” Insights from a series of special interest group meetings held at the International Society for Autism Research 2016–2017 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. ROESTORF, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Marie K. DESERNO, Auteur ; P. HOWLIN, Auteur ; L. KLINGER, Auteur ; H. MCCONACHIE, Auteur ; Jeremy R. PARR, Auteur ; P. POWELL, Auteur ; B. F. C. VAN HEIJST, Auteur ; H. M. GEURTS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3-12 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Aging  Measurement  Diagnosis  Quality of life Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A special interest group (SIG) entitled "Older Adults with ASD: The Consequences of Aging" was held at the International Society for Autism Research (INSAR) annual meetings in 2016 and 2017. The SIG and subsequent meetings brought together, for the first time, international delegates who were members of the autistic community, researchers, practitioners and service providers. Based on aging autism research that is already underway in UK, Europe, Australia and North America, discussions focussed on conceptualising the parameters of aging when referring to autism, and the measures that are appropriate to use with older adults when considering diagnostic assessment, cognitive factors and quality of life in older age. Thus, the aim of this SIG was to progress the research agenda on current and future directions for autism research in the context of aging. A global issue on how to define 'aging' when referring to ASD was at the forefront of discussions. The ‘aging’ concept can in principle refer to all developmental transitions. However, in this paper we focus on the cognitive and physical changes that take place from mid-life onwards. Accordingly, it was agreed that aging and ASD research should focus on adults over the age of 50 years, given the high rates of co-occurring physical and mental health concerns and increased risk of premature death in some individuals. Moreover, very little is known about the cognitive change, care needs and outcomes of autistic adults beyond this age. Discussions on the topics of diagnostic and cognitive assessments, and of quality of life and well-being were explored through shared knowledge about which measures are currently being used and which background questions should be asked to obtain comprehensive and informative developmental and medical histories. Accordingly, a survey was completed by SIG delegates who were representatives of international research groups across four continents, and who are currently conducting studies with older autistic adults. Considerable overlap was identified across different research groups in measures of both autism and quality of life, which pointed to combining data and shared learnings as the logical next step. Regarding the background questions that were asked, the different research groups covered similar topics but the groups differed in the way these questions were formulated when working with autistic adults across a range of cognitive abilities. It became clear that continued input from individuals on the autism spectrum is important to ensure that questionnaires used in ongoing and future are accessible and understandable for people across the whole autistic spectrum, including those with limited verbal abilities. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.08.007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=394 [article] “Older Adults with ASD: The Consequences of Aging.” Insights from a series of special interest group meetings held at the International Society for Autism Research 2016–2017 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. ROESTORF, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Marie K. DESERNO, Auteur ; P. HOWLIN, Auteur ; L. KLINGER, Auteur ; H. MCCONACHIE, Auteur ; Jeremy R. PARR, Auteur ; P. POWELL, Auteur ; B. F. C. VAN HEIJST, Auteur ; H. M. GEURTS, Auteur . - p.3-12. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 63 (July 2019) . - p.3-12 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Aging  Measurement  Diagnosis  Quality of life Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A special interest group (SIG) entitled "Older Adults with ASD: The Consequences of Aging" was held at the International Society for Autism Research (INSAR) annual meetings in 2016 and 2017. The SIG and subsequent meetings brought together, for the first time, international delegates who were members of the autistic community, researchers, practitioners and service providers. Based on aging autism research that is already underway in UK, Europe, Australia and North America, discussions focussed on conceptualising the parameters of aging when referring to autism, and the measures that are appropriate to use with older adults when considering diagnostic assessment, cognitive factors and quality of life in older age. Thus, the aim of this SIG was to progress the research agenda on current and future directions for autism research in the context of aging. A global issue on how to define 'aging' when referring to ASD was at the forefront of discussions. The ‘aging’ concept can in principle refer to all developmental transitions. However, in this paper we focus on the cognitive and physical changes that take place from mid-life onwards. Accordingly, it was agreed that aging and ASD research should focus on adults over the age of 50 years, given the high rates of co-occurring physical and mental health concerns and increased risk of premature death in some individuals. Moreover, very little is known about the cognitive change, care needs and outcomes of autistic adults beyond this age. Discussions on the topics of diagnostic and cognitive assessments, and of quality of life and well-being were explored through shared knowledge about which measures are currently being used and which background questions should be asked to obtain comprehensive and informative developmental and medical histories. Accordingly, a survey was completed by SIG delegates who were representatives of international research groups across four continents, and who are currently conducting studies with older autistic adults. Considerable overlap was identified across different research groups in measures of both autism and quality of life, which pointed to combining data and shared learnings as the logical next step. Regarding the background questions that were asked, the different research groups covered similar topics but the groups differed in the way these questions were formulated when working with autistic adults across a range of cognitive abilities. It became clear that continued input from individuals on the autism spectrum is important to ensure that questionnaires used in ongoing and future are accessible and understandable for people across the whole autistic spectrum, including those with limited verbal abilities. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.08.007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=394

Quality of life for older autistic people: The impact of mental health difficulties / D. MASON in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 63 (July 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 63 (July 2019) . - p.13-22 Titre : Quality of life for older autistic people: The impact of mental health difficulties Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : D. MASON, Auteur ; J. MACKINTOSH, Auteur ; H. MCCONACHIE, Auteur ; J. RODGERS, Auteur ; T. FINCH, Auteur ; Jeremy R. PARR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.13-22 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Quality of life  Ageing  Mental health  Normative outcomes  Lifecourse goals Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Having a mental health condition is related to significantly lower subjective Quality of Life (QoL) for people on the autism spectrum. Many autistic people do not participate in so-called ‘normative’ outcomes, i.e. the achievement of lifecourse goals judged to be important by adults in the general population (e.g. being employed). This study aimed to investigate whether there is an association between the presence of mental health conditions, subjective QoL and participation in normative outcomes in older autistic people. Methods 69 autistic people (n?=?48 males) aged 55 years and over were identified from two studies that are part of the UK Autism Spectrum Adulthood and Ageing research programme. Participants provided demographic data to establish normative outcome participation, and completed the World Health Organisation (WHO) QoL measure (WHOQoL-BREF) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Illustrative quotes focusing on normative outcomes were available from in-depth interviews (n?=?8). Results QoL scores across all domains were lower for individuals who met indicative clinical cut-offs for depression (F(8,126)?=?6.171, p? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.02.007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=394 [article] Quality of life for older autistic people: The impact of mental health difficulties [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / D. MASON, Auteur ; J. MACKINTOSH, Auteur ; H. MCCONACHIE, Auteur ; J. RODGERS, Auteur ; T. FINCH, Auteur ; Jeremy R. PARR, Auteur . - p.13-22. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 63 (July 2019) . - p.13-22 Mots-clés : Quality of life  Ageing  Mental health  Normative outcomes  Lifecourse goals Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Having a mental health condition is related to significantly lower subjective Quality of Life (QoL) for people on the autism spectrum. Many autistic people do not participate in so-called ‘normative’ outcomes, i.e. the achievement of lifecourse goals judged to be important by adults in the general population (e.g. being employed). This study aimed to investigate whether there is an association between the presence of mental health conditions, subjective QoL and participation in normative outcomes in older autistic people. Methods 69 autistic people (n?=?48 males) aged 55 years and over were identified from two studies that are part of the UK Autism Spectrum Adulthood and Ageing research programme. Participants provided demographic data to establish normative outcome participation, and completed the World Health Organisation (WHO) QoL measure (WHOQoL-BREF) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Illustrative quotes focusing on normative outcomes were available from in-depth interviews (n?=?8). Results QoL scores across all domains were lower for individuals who met indicative clinical cut-offs for depression (F(8,126)?=?6.171, p? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.02.007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=394

A meta regression analysis of quality of life correlates in adults with ASD / So Yoon KIM in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 63 (July 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 63 (July 2019) . - p.23-33 Titre : A meta regression analysis of quality of life correlates in adults with ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : So Yoon KIM, Auteur ; Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.23-33 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adults  Autism spectrum disorder  Quality of life  Meta-analysis  Social functioning  Correlates Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background In this meta-regression analysis, we investigated Pearson’s r correlations between Quality of Life (QoL) and several putative correlates, including (a) age, (b) intellectual quotient (IQ), (c) autism severity, and (d) social functioning (SF). Method Robust variance estimation was used to synthesize the effect sizes from published and unpublished studies/datasets. One hundred sixty five effect sizes (extracted from 17 studies/datasets) comprising a total of 1721 participants with ASD (mean age?=?35.64 years; mean percent male?=?62.24%) were retrieved. Results Summary effect sizes derived from unconditional meta-regressions for the association between QoL and age, IQ, and autism severity were close to zero and statistically insignificant. In contrast, the summary effect size for the association between QoL and social functioning was statistically significant and moderately sized. Conclusion Of the correlates we examined, only social functioning appears to bear significant summary-level associations with QoL. Improvements in social functioning may enhance QoL in adults with ASD. Alternatively, interventions aimed at neurotypical populations that promote ASD acceptance may lead to increased QoL that is not dependent on social functioning. Factors other than normative adult outcomes that may influence adult QoL should be explored. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.11.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=394 [article] A meta regression analysis of quality of life correlates in adults with ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / So Yoon KIM, Auteur ; Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL, Auteur . - p.23-33. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 63 (July 2019) . - p.23-33 Mots-clés : Adults  Autism spectrum disorder  Quality of life  Meta-analysis  Social functioning  Correlates Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background In this meta-regression analysis, we investigated Pearson’s r correlations between Quality of Life (QoL) and several putative correlates, including (a) age, (b) intellectual quotient (IQ), (c) autism severity, and (d) social functioning (SF). Method Robust variance estimation was used to synthesize the effect sizes from published and unpublished studies/datasets. One hundred sixty five effect sizes (extracted from 17 studies/datasets) comprising a total of 1721 participants with ASD (mean age?=?35.64 years; mean percent male?=?62.24%) were retrieved. Results Summary effect sizes derived from unconditional meta-regressions for the association between QoL and age, IQ, and autism severity were close to zero and statistically insignificant. In contrast, the summary effect size for the association between QoL and social functioning was statistically significant and moderately sized. Conclusion Of the correlates we examined, only social functioning appears to bear significant summary-level associations with QoL. Improvements in social functioning may enhance QoL in adults with ASD. Alternatively, interventions aimed at neurotypical populations that promote ASD acceptance may lead to increased QoL that is not dependent on social functioning. Factors other than normative adult outcomes that may influence adult QoL should be explored. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.11.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=394

The physical and mental health of middle aged and older adults on the autism spectrum and the impact of intellectual disability / Lauren BISHOP-FITZPATRICK in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 63 (July 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 63 (July 2019) . - p.34-41 Titre : The physical and mental health of middle aged and older adults on the autism spectrum and the impact of intellectual disability Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lauren BISHOP-FITZPATRICK, Auteur ; Eric RUBENSTEIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.34-41 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Aging  Health  Mental health  Disparity  Intellectual disability  Medicaid Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background People on the autism spectrum may have more physical and mental health conditions in midlife and old age compared to the general population. This study describes the physical and mental health of a unique sample of all middle aged and older Wisconsin Medicaid beneficiaries with an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis and tests differences between those with and without co-occurring intellectual disability. Method Using de-identified Medicaid claims data for 143 adults with a recorded autism spectrum disorder diagnosis aged 40–88 years with any Wisconsin Medicaid claims in 2012 through 2015, we extracted diagnoses for physical and mental health conditions from fee-for-service claims. Logistic regression analyses—controlling for sex, race, and age—compared the adjusted odds of physical and mental health conditions for those with and without intellectual disability. Results Many physical and mental health conditions, including immune conditions (70.6%), cardiovascular disease (49.0%) and its risk factors (46.2%), sleep disorders (85.3%), gastrointestinal disorders (49.7%), neurologic conditions (55.9%), and psychiatric disorders (72.0%) were highly prevalent in our full sample. Although there were many similarities between those individuals with and without co-occurring intellectual disability, middle aged and older adults on the autism spectrum had higher prevalence of epilepsy and lower prevalence of depression and anxiety compared to those without co-occurring intellectual disability. Conclusions Findings suggest that people on the autism spectrum have a high prevalence of physical and mental health conditions in midlife and old age, regardless of intellectual disability status. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.01.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=394 [article] The physical and mental health of middle aged and older adults on the autism spectrum and the impact of intellectual disability [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lauren BISHOP-FITZPATRICK, Auteur ; Eric RUBENSTEIN, Auteur . - p.34-41. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 63 (July 2019) . - p.34-41 Mots-clés : Aging  Health  Mental health  Disparity  Intellectual disability  Medicaid Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background People on the autism spectrum may have more physical and mental health conditions in midlife and old age compared to the general population. This study describes the physical and mental health of a unique sample of all middle aged and older Wisconsin Medicaid beneficiaries with an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis and tests differences between those with and without co-occurring intellectual disability. Method Using de-identified Medicaid claims data for 143 adults with a recorded autism spectrum disorder diagnosis aged 40–88 years with any Wisconsin Medicaid claims in 2012 through 2015, we extracted diagnoses for physical and mental health conditions from fee-for-service claims. Logistic regression analyses—controlling for sex, race, and age—compared the adjusted odds of physical and mental health conditions for those with and without intellectual disability. Results Many physical and mental health conditions, including immune conditions (70.6%), cardiovascular disease (49.0%) and its risk factors (46.2%), sleep disorders (85.3%), gastrointestinal disorders (49.7%), neurologic conditions (55.9%), and psychiatric disorders (72.0%) were highly prevalent in our full sample. Although there were many similarities between those individuals with and without co-occurring intellectual disability, middle aged and older adults on the autism spectrum had higher prevalence of epilepsy and lower prevalence of depression and anxiety compared to those without co-occurring intellectual disability. Conclusions Findings suggest that people on the autism spectrum have a high prevalence of physical and mental health conditions in midlife and old age, regardless of intellectual disability status. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.01.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=394

Growing older with autism – The experiences of adult siblings of individuals with autism / Philippa MOSS in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 63 (July 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 63 (July 2019) . - p.42-51 Titre : Growing older with autism – The experiences of adult siblings of individuals with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Philippa MOSS, Auteur ; Vasiliki EIRINAKI, Auteur ; Sarah SAVAGE, Auteur ; Patricia HOWLIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.42-51 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism siblings  Sibling experience  Impact on siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Most studies of siblings of individuals with autism have involved children or adolescents. In the present study we explored the experiences of adults with a brother or sister with autism. Method As part of a larger scale, adult sibling study, 56 individuals (37 females, 19 males; mean age 40 years) were asked about their experiences of growing up with a sibling with autism and about their worries for the future. Results Most participants (77%) described positive benefits, often related to the impact on their own life or personality (e.g. making them more tolerant or caring) and to the positive characteristics of their sibling with autism. Only 14% could describe no positive aspects. The principal problems described were related to coping with behavioural difficulties (39%) and disruption to family relationships (32%) or social life (23%). There was no association between the level of negative descriptions and individual sibling characteristics, participants' social functioning or mental health. The main concerns for the future, expressed by the majority of participants, focussed on problems of finding appropriate care (77%) and the potential emotional impact on the autism siblings of loss of parents. Conclusions Most participants described a mix of positive and negative experiences but current concerns focussed predominantly on future longterm care. Many adult siblings will become increasingly responsible for ensuring the welfare of the individual with autism. Medical and other services need to recognise the importance of this role, and the need actively to involve siblings in care planning and decision-making. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.10.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=394 [article] Growing older with autism – The experiences of adult siblings of individuals with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Philippa MOSS, Auteur ; Vasiliki EIRINAKI, Auteur ; Sarah SAVAGE, Auteur ; Patricia HOWLIN, Auteur . - p.42-51. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 63 (July 2019) . - p.42-51 Mots-clés : Autism siblings  Sibling experience  Impact on siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Most studies of siblings of individuals with autism have involved children or adolescents. In the present study we explored the experiences of adults with a brother or sister with autism. Method As part of a larger scale, adult sibling study, 56 individuals (37 females, 19 males; mean age 40 years) were asked about their experiences of growing up with a sibling with autism and about their worries for the future. Results Most participants (77%) described positive benefits, often related to the impact on their own life or personality (e.g. making them more tolerant or caring) and to the positive characteristics of their sibling with autism. Only 14% could describe no positive aspects. The principal problems described were related to coping with behavioural difficulties (39%) and disruption to family relationships (32%) or social life (23%). There was no association between the level of negative descriptions and individual sibling characteristics, participants' social functioning or mental health. The main concerns for the future, expressed by the majority of participants, focussed on problems of finding appropriate care (77%) and the potential emotional impact on the autism siblings of loss of parents. Conclusions Most participants described a mix of positive and negative experiences but current concerns focussed predominantly on future longterm care. Many adult siblings will become increasingly responsible for ensuring the welfare of the individual with autism. Medical and other services need to recognise the importance of this role, and the need actively to involve siblings in care planning and decision-making. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.10.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=394

The influence of age and ASD on verbal fluency networks / Leslie C. BAXTER in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 63 (July 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 63 (July 2019) . - p.52-62 Titre : The influence of age and ASD on verbal fluency networks Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Leslie C. BAXTER, Auteur ; Ashley NESPODZANY, Auteur ; M. J. M. WALSH, Auteur ; Emily WOOD, Auteur ; Christopher J. SMITH, Auteur ; B. Blair BRADEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.52-62 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  Aging  fMRI  Fluency  Word generation  Compensation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The integrity and connectivity of the frontal lobe, which subserves fluency, may be compromised by both ASD and aging. Alternate networks often integrate to help compensate for compromised functions during aging. We used network analyses to study how compensation may overcome age-related compromised in individuals with ASD. Method Participants consisted of middle-aged (40–60; n?=?24) or young (18–25; n?=?18) right-handed males who have a diagnosis of ASD, and age- and IQ-matched control participants (n?=?20, 14, respectively). All performed tests of language and executive functioning and a fluency functional MRI task. We first used group individual component analysis (ICA) for each of the 4 groups to determine whether different networks were engaged. An SPM analysis was used to compare activity detected in the network nodes from the ICA analyses. Results The individuals with ASD performed more slowly on two cognitive tasks (Stroop word reading and Trailmaking Part A). The 4 groups engaged different networks during the fluency fMRI task despite equivalent performance. Comparisons of specific regions within these networks indicated younger individuals had greater engagement of the thalamus and supplementary speech area, while older adults engaged the superior temporal gyrus. Individuals with ASD did not disengage from the Default Mode Network during word generation. Conclusion Interactions between diagnosis and aging were not found in this study of young and middle-aged men, but evidence for differential engagement of compensatory networks was observed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.03.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=394 [article] The influence of age and ASD on verbal fluency networks [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Leslie C. BAXTER, Auteur ; Ashley NESPODZANY, Auteur ; M. J. M. WALSH, Auteur ; Emily WOOD, Auteur ; Christopher J. SMITH, Auteur ; B. Blair BRADEN, Auteur . - p.52-62. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 63 (July 2019) . - p.52-62 Mots-clés : ASD  Aging  fMRI  Fluency  Word generation  Compensation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The integrity and connectivity of the frontal lobe, which subserves fluency, may be compromised by both ASD and aging. Alternate networks often integrate to help compensate for compromised functions during aging. We used network analyses to study how compensation may overcome age-related compromised in individuals with ASD. Method Participants consisted of middle-aged (40–60; n?=?24) or young (18–25; n?=?18) right-handed males who have a diagnosis of ASD, and age- and IQ-matched control participants (n?=?20, 14, respectively). All performed tests of language and executive functioning and a fluency functional MRI task. We first used group individual component analysis (ICA) for each of the 4 groups to determine whether different networks were engaged. An SPM analysis was used to compare activity detected in the network nodes from the ICA analyses. Results The individuals with ASD performed more slowly on two cognitive tasks (Stroop word reading and Trailmaking Part A). The 4 groups engaged different networks during the fluency fMRI task despite equivalent performance. Comparisons of specific regions within these networks indicated younger individuals had greater engagement of the thalamus and supplementary speech area, while older adults engaged the superior temporal gyrus. Individuals with ASD did not disengage from the Default Mode Network during word generation. Conclusion Interactions between diagnosis and aging were not found in this study of young and middle-aged men, but evidence for differential engagement of compensatory networks was observed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.03.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=394

Age group differences in executive network functional connectivity and relationships with social behavior in men with autism spectrum disorder / Melissa J. M. WALSH in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 63 (July 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 63 (July 2019) . - p.63-77 Titre : Age group differences in executive network functional connectivity and relationships with social behavior in men with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Melissa J. M. WALSH, Auteur ; Leslie C. BAXTER, Auteur ; Christopher J. SMITH, Auteur ; B. Blair BRADEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.63-77 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Aging  Autism Spectrum Disorder  fMRI  Social behavior  Executive network  Executive functions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Research suggests adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may use executive functions to compensate for social difficulties. Given hallmark age-related declines in executive functioning and the executive brain network in normal aging, there is concern that older adults with ASD may experience further declines in social functioning as they age. In a male-only sample, we hypothesized: 1) older adults with ASD would demonstrate greater ASD-related social behavior than young adults with ASD, 2) adults with ASD would demonstrate a greater age group reduction in connectivity of the executive brain network than neurotypical (NT) adults, and 3) that behavioral and neural mechanisms of executive functioning would predict ASD-related social difficulties in adults with ASD. Methods Participants were a cross-sectional sample of non-intellectually disabled young (ages 18–25) and middle-aged (ages 40-70) adult men with ASD and NT development (young adult ASD: n?=?24; middle-age ASD: n?=?25; young adult NT: n?=?15; middle-age NT: n?=?21). We assessed ASD-related social behavior via the self-report Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (SRS-2) Total Score, with exploratory analyses of the Social Cognition Subscale. We assessed neural executive function via connectivity of the resting-state executive network (EN) as measured by independent component analysis. Correlations were investigated between SRS-2 Total Scores (with exploratory analyses of the Social Cognition Subscale), EN functional connectivity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), and a behavioral measure of executive function, Tower of London (ToL) Total Moves. Results We did not confirm a significant age group difference for adults with ASD on the SRS-2 Total Score; however, exploratory analysis revealed middle-age men with ASD had higher scores on the SRS-2 Social Cognition Subscale than young adult men with ASD. Exacerbated age group reductions in EN functional connectivity were confirmed (left dlPFC) in men with ASD compared to NT, such that older adults with ASD demonstrated the greatest levels of hypoconnectivity. A significant correlation was confirmed between dlPFC connectivity and the SRS-2 Total Score in middle-age men with ASD, but not young adult men with ASD. Furthermore, exploratory analysis revealed a significant correlation with the SRS-2 Social Cognition Subscale for young and middle-aged ASD groups and ToL Total Moves. Conclusion Our findings suggest that ASD-related difficulties in social cognition and EN hypoconnectivity may get worse with age in men with ASD and is related to executive functioning. Further, exacerbated EN hypoconnectivity associated with older age in ASD may be a mechanism of increased ASD-related social cognition difficulties in older adults with ASD. Given the cross-sectional nature of this sample, longitudinal replication is needed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.02.008 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=394 [article] Age group differences in executive network functional connectivity and relationships with social behavior in men with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Melissa J. M. WALSH, Auteur ; Leslie C. BAXTER, Auteur ; Christopher J. SMITH, Auteur ; B. Blair BRADEN, Auteur . - p.63-77. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 63 (July 2019) . - p.63-77 Mots-clés : Aging  Autism Spectrum Disorder  fMRI  Social behavior  Executive network  Executive functions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Research suggests adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may use executive functions to compensate for social difficulties. Given hallmark age-related declines in executive functioning and the executive brain network in normal aging, there is concern that older adults with ASD may experience further declines in social functioning as they age. In a male-only sample, we hypothesized: 1) older adults with ASD would demonstrate greater ASD-related social behavior than young adults with ASD, 2) adults with ASD would demonstrate a greater age group reduction in connectivity of the executive brain network than neurotypical (NT) adults, and 3) that behavioral and neural mechanisms of executive functioning would predict ASD-related social difficulties in adults with ASD. Methods Participants were a cross-sectional sample of non-intellectually disabled young (ages 18–25) and middle-aged (ages 40-70) adult men with ASD and NT development (young adult ASD: n?=?24; middle-age ASD: n?=?25; young adult NT: n?=?15; middle-age NT: n?=?21). We assessed ASD-related social behavior via the self-report Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (SRS-2) Total Score, with exploratory analyses of the Social Cognition Subscale. We assessed neural executive function via connectivity of the resting-state executive network (EN) as measured by independent component analysis. Correlations were investigated between SRS-2 Total Scores (with exploratory analyses of the Social Cognition Subscale), EN functional connectivity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), and a behavioral measure of executive function, Tower of London (ToL) Total Moves. Results We did not confirm a significant age group difference for adults with ASD on the SRS-2 Total Score; however, exploratory analysis revealed middle-age men with ASD had higher scores on the SRS-2 Social Cognition Subscale than young adult men with ASD. Exacerbated age group reductions in EN functional connectivity were confirmed (left dlPFC) in men with ASD compared to NT, such that older adults with ASD demonstrated the greatest levels of hypoconnectivity. A significant correlation was confirmed between dlPFC connectivity and the SRS-2 Total Score in middle-age men with ASD, but not young adult men with ASD. Furthermore, exploratory analysis revealed a significant correlation with the SRS-2 Social Cognition Subscale for young and middle-aged ASD groups and ToL Total Moves. Conclusion Our findings suggest that ASD-related difficulties in social cognition and EN hypoconnectivity may get worse with age in men with ASD and is related to executive functioning. Further, exacerbated EN hypoconnectivity associated with older age in ASD may be a mechanism of increased ASD-related social cognition difficulties in older adults with ASD. Given the cross-sectional nature of this sample, longitudinal replication is needed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.02.008 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=394