Atypical Functional Connectivity of the Amygdala in Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorders during Spontaneous Attention to Eye-Gaze / Eric R. MURPHY in Autism Research and Treatment, (november 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research and Treatment > (november 2012) . - 12 p. Titre : Atypical Functional Connectivity of the Amygdala in Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorders during Spontaneous Attention to Eye-Gaze Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Eric R. MURPHY, Auteur ; Jennifer H. FOSS-FEIG, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur ; William D. GAILLARD, Auteur ; Chandan J. VAIDYA, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : 12 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined functional connectivity of the amygdala in preadolescent children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) during spontaneous attention to eye-gaze in emotional faces. Children responded to a target word (“LEFT/RIGHT”) printed on angry or fearful faces looking in a direction that was congruent, incongruent, or neutral with the target word. Despite being irrelevant to the task, gaze-direction facilitated (Congruent > Neutral) or interfered with (Incongruent > Congruent) performance in both groups. Despite similar behavioral performance, amygdala-connectivity was atypical and more widespread in children with ASD. In control children, the amygdala was more strongly connected with an emotional cognitive control region (subgenual cingulate) during interference, while during facilitation, no regions showed greater amygdala connectivity than in ASD children. In contrast, in children with ASD the amygdala was more strongly connected to salience and cognitive control regions (posterior and dorsal cingulate) during facilitation and with regions involved in gaze processing (superior temporal sulcus), cognitive control (inferior frontal gyrus), and processing of viscerally salient information (pregenual cingulate, anterior insula, and thalamus) during interference. These findings showing more widespread connectivity of the amygdala extend past findings of atypical functional anatomy of eye-gaze processing in children with ASD and challenge views of general underconnectivity in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/652408 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=201 [article] Atypical Functional Connectivity of the Amygdala in Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorders during Spontaneous Attention to Eye-Gaze [texte imprimé] / Eric R. MURPHY, Auteur ; Jennifer H. FOSS-FEIG, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur ; William D. GAILLARD, Auteur ; Chandan J. VAIDYA, Auteur . - 2012 . - 12 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research and Treatment > (november 2012) . - 12 p. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined functional connectivity of the amygdala in preadolescent children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) during spontaneous attention to eye-gaze in emotional faces. Children responded to a target word (“LEFT/RIGHT”) printed on angry or fearful faces looking in a direction that was congruent, incongruent, or neutral with the target word. Despite being irrelevant to the task, gaze-direction facilitated (Congruent > Neutral) or interfered with (Incongruent > Congruent) performance in both groups. Despite similar behavioral performance, amygdala-connectivity was atypical and more widespread in children with ASD. In control children, the amygdala was more strongly connected with an emotional cognitive control region (subgenual cingulate) during interference, while during facilitation, no regions showed greater amygdala connectivity than in ASD children. In contrast, in children with ASD the amygdala was more strongly connected to salience and cognitive control regions (posterior and dorsal cingulate) during facilitation and with regions involved in gaze processing (superior temporal sulcus), cognitive control (inferior frontal gyrus), and processing of viscerally salient information (pregenual cingulate, anterior insula, and thalamus) during interference. These findings showing more widespread connectivity of the amygdala extend past findings of atypical functional anatomy of eye-gaze processing in children with ASD and challenge views of general underconnectivity in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/652408 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=201

Data-driven identification of subtypes of executive function across typical development, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorders / Chandan J. VAIDYA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.51-61 Titre : Data-driven identification of subtypes of executive function across typical development, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Chandan J. VAIDYA, Auteur ; Xiaozhen YOU, Auteur ; Stewart H. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; Francisco PEREIRA, Auteur ; Madison M. BERL, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.51-61 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorders  functional MRI (fMRI)  individual differences  machine learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Impairment of executive function (EF), the goal-directed regulation of thoughts, actions, and emotions, drives negative outcomes and is common across neurodevelopmental disorders including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A primary challenge to its amelioration is heterogeneity in symptom expression within and across disorders. Parsing this heterogeneity is necessary to attain diagnostic precision, a goal of the NIMH Research Domain Criteria Initiative. We aimed to identify transdiagnostic subtypes of EF that span the normal to impaired spectrum and establish their predictive and neurobiological validity. METHODS: Community detection was applied to clinical parent-report measures in 8-14-year-old children with and without ADHD and ASD from two independent cohorts (discovery N = 320; replication N = 692) to identify subgroups with distinct behavioral profiles. Support vector machine (SVM) classification was used to predict subgroup membership of unseen cases. Preliminary neurobiological validation was obtained with existing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data on a subsample (N = 84) by testing hypotheses about sensitivity of EF subgroups versus DSM categories. RESULTS: We observed three transdiagnostic EF subtypes characterized by behavioral profiles that were defined by relative weakness in: (a) flexibility and emotion regulation; (b) inhibition; and (c) working memory, organization, and planning. The same tripartite structure was also present in the typically developing children. SVM trained on the discovery sample and tested on the replication sample classified subgroup membership with 77.0% accuracy. Split-half SVM classification on the combined sample (N = 1,012) yielded 88.9% accuracy (this SVM is available for public use). As hypothesized, frontal-parietal engagement was better distinguished by EF subtype than DSM diagnosis and the subgroup characterized with inflexibility failed to modulate right IPL activation in response to increased executive demands. CONCLUSIONS: The observed transdiagnostic subtypes refine current diagnostic nosology and augment clinical decision-making for personalizing treatment of executive dysfunction in children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13114 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413 [article] Data-driven identification of subtypes of executive function across typical development, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorders [texte imprimé] / Chandan J. VAIDYA, Auteur ; Xiaozhen YOU, Auteur ; Stewart H. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; Francisco PEREIRA, Auteur ; Madison M. BERL, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur . - p.51-61. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-1 (January 2020) . - p.51-61 Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorders  functional MRI (fMRI)  individual differences  machine learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Impairment of executive function (EF), the goal-directed regulation of thoughts, actions, and emotions, drives negative outcomes and is common across neurodevelopmental disorders including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A primary challenge to its amelioration is heterogeneity in symptom expression within and across disorders. Parsing this heterogeneity is necessary to attain diagnostic precision, a goal of the NIMH Research Domain Criteria Initiative. We aimed to identify transdiagnostic subtypes of EF that span the normal to impaired spectrum and establish their predictive and neurobiological validity. METHODS: Community detection was applied to clinical parent-report measures in 8-14-year-old children with and without ADHD and ASD from two independent cohorts (discovery N = 320; replication N = 692) to identify subgroups with distinct behavioral profiles. Support vector machine (SVM) classification was used to predict subgroup membership of unseen cases. Preliminary neurobiological validation was obtained with existing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data on a subsample (N = 84) by testing hypotheses about sensitivity of EF subgroups versus DSM categories. RESULTS: We observed three transdiagnostic EF subtypes characterized by behavioral profiles that were defined by relative weakness in: (a) flexibility and emotion regulation; (b) inhibition; and (c) working memory, organization, and planning. The same tripartite structure was also present in the typically developing children. SVM trained on the discovery sample and tested on the replication sample classified subgroup membership with 77.0% accuracy. Split-half SVM classification on the combined sample (N = 1,012) yielded 88.9% accuracy (this SVM is available for public use). As hypothesized, frontal-parietal engagement was better distinguished by EF subtype than DSM diagnosis and the subgroup characterized with inflexibility failed to modulate right IPL activation in response to increased executive demands. CONCLUSIONS: The observed transdiagnostic subtypes refine current diagnostic nosology and augment clinical decision-making for personalizing treatment of executive dysfunction in children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13114 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413

Modulation of attentional blink with emotional faces in typical development and in autism spectrum disorders / Benjamin E. YERYS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-6 (June 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-6 (June 2013) . - p.636-643 Titre : Modulation of attentional blink with emotional faces in typical development and in autism spectrum disorders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Benjamin E. YERYS, Auteur ; Ericka RUIZ, Auteur ; John F. STRANG, Auteur ; Jennifer L. SOKOLOFF, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur ; Chandan J. VAIDYA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.636-643 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic Disorder  attention  emotion regulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The attentional blink (AB) phenomenon was used to assess the effect of emotional information on early visual attention in typically developing (TD) children and children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The AB effect is the momentary perceptual unawareness that follows target identification in a rapid serial visual processing stream. It is abolished or reduced for emotional stimuli, indicating that emotional information has privileged access to early visual attention processes. Methods: We examined the AB effect for faces with neutral and angry facial expressions in 8- to 14-year-old children with and without an ASD diagnosis. Results: Children with ASD exhibited the same magnitude AB effect as TD children for both neutral and angry faces. Conclusions: Early visual attention to emotional facial expressions was preserved in children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12013 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=200 [article] Modulation of attentional blink with emotional faces in typical development and in autism spectrum disorders [texte imprimé] / Benjamin E. YERYS, Auteur ; Ericka RUIZ, Auteur ; John F. STRANG, Auteur ; Jennifer L. SOKOLOFF, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur ; Chandan J. VAIDYA, Auteur . - p.636-643. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-6 (June 2013) . - p.636-643 Mots-clés : Autistic Disorder  attention  emotion regulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The attentional blink (AB) phenomenon was used to assess the effect of emotional information on early visual attention in typically developing (TD) children and children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The AB effect is the momentary perceptual unawareness that follows target identification in a rapid serial visual processing stream. It is abolished or reduced for emotional stimuli, indicating that emotional information has privileged access to early visual attention processes. Methods: We examined the AB effect for faces with neutral and angry facial expressions in 8- to 14-year-old children with and without an ASD diagnosis. Results: Children with ASD exhibited the same magnitude AB effect as TD children for both neutral and angry faces. Conclusions: Early visual attention to emotional facial expressions was preserved in children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12013 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=200

Neural Basis of Visual Attentional Orienting in Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorders / Eric R. MURPHY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-1 (January 2017) . - p.58-67 Titre : Neural Basis of Visual Attentional Orienting in Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Eric R. MURPHY, Auteur ; Megan E. NORR, Auteur ; John F. STRANG, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur ; William D. GAILLARD, Auteur ; Chandan J. VAIDYA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.58-67 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Attention orienting  Visual salience  fMRI  Restricted and repetitive behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined spontaneous attention orienting to visual salience in stimuli without social significance using a modified Dot-Probe task during functional magnetic resonance imaging in high-functioning preadolescent children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and age- and IQ-matched control children. While the magnitude of attentional bias (faster response to probes in the location of solid color patch) to visually salient stimuli was similar in the groups, activation differences in frontal and temporoparietal regions suggested hyper-sensitivity to visual salience or to sameness in ASD children. Further, activation in a subset of those regions was associated with symptoms of restricted and repetitive behavior. Thus, atypicalities in response to visual properties of stimuli may drive attentional orienting problems associated with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2928-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298 [article] Neural Basis of Visual Attentional Orienting in Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorders [texte imprimé] / Eric R. MURPHY, Auteur ; Megan E. NORR, Auteur ; John F. STRANG, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur ; William D. GAILLARD, Auteur ; Chandan J. VAIDYA, Auteur . - p.58-67. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-1 (January 2017) . - p.58-67 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Attention orienting  Visual salience  fMRI  Restricted and repetitive behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined spontaneous attention orienting to visual salience in stimuli without social significance using a modified Dot-Probe task during functional magnetic resonance imaging in high-functioning preadolescent children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and age- and IQ-matched control children. While the magnitude of attentional bias (faster response to probes in the location of solid color patch) to visually salient stimuli was similar in the groups, activation differences in frontal and temporoparietal regions suggested hyper-sensitivity to visual salience or to sameness in ASD children. Further, activation in a subset of those regions was associated with symptoms of restricted and repetitive behavior. Thus, atypicalities in response to visual properties of stimuli may drive attentional orienting problems associated with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2928-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298

Neural correlates of schema-dependent episodic memory and association with behavioral flexibility in autism spectrum disorders and typical development / Kevin M. COOK in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 13 (2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 13 (2021) Titre : Neural correlates of schema-dependent episodic memory and association with behavioral flexibility in autism spectrum disorders and typical development Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kevin M. COOK, Auteur ; Xiaozhen YOU, Auteur ; Joseph Bradley CHERRY, Auteur ; Junaid S. MERCHANT, Auteur ; Mary SKAPEK, Auteur ; Meredith D. POWERS, Auteur ; Cara E. PUGLIESE, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur ; Chandan J. VAIDYA, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Humans  Memory, Episodic  Mental Recall  Prefrontal Cortex/diagnostic imaging  Recognition, Psychology  Associative memory  Behavioral flexibility  Medial temporal lobe  Executive function  Prefrontal cortex  fMRI  Executive Function. The other authors declare no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Conceptual knowledge frameworks termed schemas facilitate memory formation and are posited to support flexible behavior. In adults, the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) trade-off in supporting schema-based memory formation, such that encoding of subsequently remembered schema-congruent information relies on mPFC, whereas schema-incongruent information relies on MTL. Whether this is true in the immature brain and relates to behavioral flexibility is unknown. In this preliminary investigation, we aimed to replicate the adult findings in typically developing (TD) children and to investigate the relevance to behavioral flexibility by examining a disorder with pathognomonic behavioral rigidity, autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS: Children completed an associative subsequent memory paradigm, encoding object-scene pairs in an MRI scanner and subsequently completing a recognition test outside the scanner after a delay. Recognition performance was back sorted to construct remembered vs forgotten contrasts. One-way ANOVAS were conducted in MTL and mPFC masks for schema-congruency, followed by congruency by flexibility scores. Exploratory analyses were then conducted within the whole brain. RESULTS: As reported in adults, episodic memory was strongest for schema-congruent object-scene pairs, followed by intermediate pairs, and lowest for schema-incongruent pairs in both TD and ASD groups. However, the trade-off between mPFC and MTL in TD children differed from adult reports such that mPFC supported memory for intermediate schema-congruency and left anterior MTL supported memory for schema-congruent pairs. In ASD, mPFC engagement interacted with flexibility such that activation supporting memory for intermediate schema-congruency varied with parent-reported flexibility and was higher in those with more flexible behavior. A similar interaction was also observed in both the left dorsolateral and rostrolateral PFC in whole-brain analysis. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide the first preliminary evidence for the association of schema-based episodic memory formation and behavioral flexibility, an executive function impaired in multiple developmental disorders. Upon replication, this line of research holds promise for memory-based interventions addressing executive problems of behavioral rigidity. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-021-09388-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=574 [article] Neural correlates of schema-dependent episodic memory and association with behavioral flexibility in autism spectrum disorders and typical development [texte imprimé] / Kevin M. COOK, Auteur ; Xiaozhen YOU, Auteur ; Joseph Bradley CHERRY, Auteur ; Junaid S. MERCHANT, Auteur ; Mary SKAPEK, Auteur ; Meredith D. POWERS, Auteur ; Cara E. PUGLIESE, Auteur ; Lauren KENWORTHY, Auteur ; Chandan J. VAIDYA, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 13 (2021) Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Humans  Memory, Episodic  Mental Recall  Prefrontal Cortex/diagnostic imaging  Recognition, Psychology  Associative memory  Behavioral flexibility  Medial temporal lobe  Executive function  Prefrontal cortex  fMRI  Executive Function. The other authors declare no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Conceptual knowledge frameworks termed schemas facilitate memory formation and are posited to support flexible behavior. In adults, the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) trade-off in supporting schema-based memory formation, such that encoding of subsequently remembered schema-congruent information relies on mPFC, whereas schema-incongruent information relies on MTL. Whether this is true in the immature brain and relates to behavioral flexibility is unknown. In this preliminary investigation, we aimed to replicate the adult findings in typically developing (TD) children and to investigate the relevance to behavioral flexibility by examining a disorder with pathognomonic behavioral rigidity, autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS: Children completed an associative subsequent memory paradigm, encoding object-scene pairs in an MRI scanner and subsequently completing a recognition test outside the scanner after a delay. Recognition performance was back sorted to construct remembered vs forgotten contrasts. One-way ANOVAS were conducted in MTL and mPFC masks for schema-congruency, followed by congruency by flexibility scores. Exploratory analyses were then conducted within the whole brain. RESULTS: As reported in adults, episodic memory was strongest for schema-congruent object-scene pairs, followed by intermediate pairs, and lowest for schema-incongruent pairs in both TD and ASD groups. However, the trade-off between mPFC and MTL in TD children differed from adult reports such that mPFC supported memory for intermediate schema-congruency and left anterior MTL supported memory for schema-congruent pairs. In ASD, mPFC engagement interacted with flexibility such that activation supporting memory for intermediate schema-congruency varied with parent-reported flexibility and was higher in those with more flexible behavior. A similar interaction was also observed in both the left dorsolateral and rostrolateral PFC in whole-brain analysis. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide the first preliminary evidence for the association of schema-based episodic memory formation and behavioral flexibility, an executive function impaired in multiple developmental disorders. Upon replication, this line of research holds promise for memory-based interventions addressing executive problems of behavioral rigidity. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-021-09388-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=574

Neural Correlates of Set-Shifting in Children With Autism / Benjamin E. YERYS in Autism Research, 8-4 (August 2015)  

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PAC1R Genotype to Phenotype Correlations in Autism Spectrum Disorder / Meredith GOODRICH in Autism Research, 12-2 (February 2019)  

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Probing heterogeneity to identify individualized treatment approaches in autism: Specific clusters of executive function challenges link to distinct co-occurring mental health problems / Cara E. PUGLIESE in Autism, 28-11 (November 2024)  

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