Altered Neural Connectivity in Females, But Not Males with Autism: Preliminary Evidence for the Female Protective Effect from a Quality-Controlled Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study / Jiedi LEI in Autism Research, 12-10 (October 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-10 (October 2019) . - p.1472-1483 Titre : Altered Neural Connectivity in Females, But Not Males with Autism: Preliminary Evidence for the Female Protective Effect from a Quality-Controlled Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jiedi LEI, Auteur ; Emma LECARIE, Auteur ; Jane JURAYJ, Auteur ; Sarah BOLAND, Auteur ; Denis G. SUKHODOLSKY, Auteur ; Pamela VENTOLA, Auteur ; Kevin A. PELPHREY, Auteur ; Roger J. JOU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1472-1483 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anisotropy  autism spectrum disorder  diffusion tensor imaging  female  motion  sex characteristics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous studies using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to investigate white matter (WM) structural connectivity have suggested widespread, although inconsistent WM alterations in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), such as greater reductions in fractional anisotropy (FA). However, findings may lack generalizability because: (a) most have focused solely on the ASD male brain phenotype, and not sex-differences in WM integrity; (b) many lack stringent and transparent data quality control such as controlling for head motion in analysis. This study addressed both issues by using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) to separately compare WM differences in 81 ASD (56 male, 25 female; 4-21 years old) and 39 typically developing (TD; 23 males, 16 females; 5-18 years old) children and young people, carefully group-matched on sex, age, cognitive abilities, and head motion. ASD males and females were also matched on autism symptom severity. Two independent-raters completed a multistep scan quality assurance to remove images that were significantly distorted by motion artifacts before analysis. ASD females exhibited significant widespread reductions in FA compared to TD females, suggesting altered WM integrity. In contrast, no significant localized or widespread WM differences were found between ASD and TD males. This study highlights the importance of data quality control in DTI, and outlines important sex-differences in WM alterations in ASD females. Future studies can explore the extent to which neural structural differences might underlie sex-differences in ASD behavioral phenotype, and guide clinical interventions to be tailored toward the unique needs of ASD females and males. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1472-1483. (c) 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Previous Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) studies have found atypical brain structural connectivity in males with autism, although findings are inconclusive in females with autism. To investigate potential sex-differences, we studied males and females with and without autism who showed a similar level of head movement during their brain scan. We found that females with autism had widespread atypical neural connectivity than females without autism, although not in males, highlighting sex-differences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2180 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=408 [article] Altered Neural Connectivity in Females, But Not Males with Autism: Preliminary Evidence for the Female Protective Effect from a Quality-Controlled Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study [texte imprimé] / Jiedi LEI, Auteur ; Emma LECARIE, Auteur ; Jane JURAYJ, Auteur ; Sarah BOLAND, Auteur ; Denis G. SUKHODOLSKY, Auteur ; Pamela VENTOLA, Auteur ; Kevin A. PELPHREY, Auteur ; Roger J. JOU, Auteur . - p.1472-1483. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-10 (October 2019) . - p.1472-1483 Mots-clés : anisotropy  autism spectrum disorder  diffusion tensor imaging  female  motion  sex characteristics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous studies using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to investigate white matter (WM) structural connectivity have suggested widespread, although inconsistent WM alterations in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), such as greater reductions in fractional anisotropy (FA). However, findings may lack generalizability because: (a) most have focused solely on the ASD male brain phenotype, and not sex-differences in WM integrity; (b) many lack stringent and transparent data quality control such as controlling for head motion in analysis. This study addressed both issues by using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) to separately compare WM differences in 81 ASD (56 male, 25 female; 4-21 years old) and 39 typically developing (TD; 23 males, 16 females; 5-18 years old) children and young people, carefully group-matched on sex, age, cognitive abilities, and head motion. ASD males and females were also matched on autism symptom severity. Two independent-raters completed a multistep scan quality assurance to remove images that were significantly distorted by motion artifacts before analysis. ASD females exhibited significant widespread reductions in FA compared to TD females, suggesting altered WM integrity. In contrast, no significant localized or widespread WM differences were found between ASD and TD males. This study highlights the importance of data quality control in DTI, and outlines important sex-differences in WM alterations in ASD females. Future studies can explore the extent to which neural structural differences might underlie sex-differences in ASD behavioral phenotype, and guide clinical interventions to be tailored toward the unique needs of ASD females and males. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1472-1483. (c) 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Previous Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) studies have found atypical brain structural connectivity in males with autism, although findings are inconclusive in females with autism. To investigate potential sex-differences, we studied males and females with and without autism who showed a similar level of head movement during their brain scan. We found that females with autism had widespread atypical neural connectivity than females without autism, although not in males, highlighting sex-differences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2180 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=408

Characterising the relationship between theory of mind and anxiety in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and typically developing children / Jiedi LEI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 49 (May 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 49 (May 2018) . - p.1-12 Titre : Characterising the relationship between theory of mind and anxiety in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and typically developing children Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jiedi LEI, Auteur ; Pamela VENTOLA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-12 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)  Theory of Mind (ToM)  Joint attention  Anxiety Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Social communication impairments associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a multi-faceted phenomenon that encapsulates a broad range of skills with Theory of Mind (ToM) as a key component. Early Theory of Mind (ToM) skills, such as joint attention, typically develop during infancy and provide a foundation for the co-emergence of affect regulation via social referencing. Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) demonstrate delays and impairments in the development of ToM, and up to 40% of children with ASD also experience co-occurring symptoms of anxiety and poor affect regulation. Method: Using parent report, this cross-sectional study aimed to characterise the relationship between ToM competency and anxiety, and explore how specific ToM deficits may confer vulnerability to anxiety in children (4–8 years old) with ASD. Results: Early ToM skills, such as joint attention and social referencing, mediated the relationship between broader social communication impairments and anxiety symptom severity in children with ASD. Conclusions: Increasing competency of early ToM skills might provide additional therapeutic benefits for clinical interventions targeting anxiety in children with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.01.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=340 [article] Characterising the relationship between theory of mind and anxiety in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and typically developing children [texte imprimé] / Jiedi LEI, Auteur ; Pamela VENTOLA, Auteur . - p.1-12. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 49 (May 2018) . - p.1-12 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)  Theory of Mind (ToM)  Joint attention  Anxiety Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Social communication impairments associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a multi-faceted phenomenon that encapsulates a broad range of skills with Theory of Mind (ToM) as a key component. Early Theory of Mind (ToM) skills, such as joint attention, typically develop during infancy and provide a foundation for the co-emergence of affect regulation via social referencing. Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) demonstrate delays and impairments in the development of ToM, and up to 40% of children with ASD also experience co-occurring symptoms of anxiety and poor affect regulation. Method: Using parent report, this cross-sectional study aimed to characterise the relationship between ToM competency and anxiety, and explore how specific ToM deficits may confer vulnerability to anxiety in children (4–8 years old) with ASD. Results: Early ToM skills, such as joint attention and social referencing, mediated the relationship between broader social communication impairments and anxiety symptom severity in children with ASD. Conclusions: Increasing competency of early ToM skills might provide additional therapeutic benefits for clinical interventions targeting anxiety in children with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.01.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=340

Developing an Online Tool to Measure Social Network Structure and Perceived Social Support Amongst Autistic Students in Higher Education: A Feasibility Study / Jiedi LEI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-9 (September 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-9 (September 2019) . - p.3526-3542 Titre : Developing an Online Tool to Measure Social Network Structure and Perceived Social Support Amongst Autistic Students in Higher Education: A Feasibility Study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jiedi LEI, Auteur ; Chris ASHWIN, Auteur ; Mark BROSNAN, Auteur ; Ailsa RUSSELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3526-3542 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  College  Perceived social support  Social network  Transition  University Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The academic, daily-living, and social challenges all students face during university transition can become magnified for many autistic students, who might struggle to adapt to changes in their social network structure (SNS) and perceived social support (PSS). This study assessed the development, feasibility, and convergent validity of a novel online tool (Social Network and Perceived Social Support-SNaPSS) designed to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate SNS and PSS during university transition. SNaPSS demonstrated good feasibility for completion amongst autistic students (Study 1, n = 10, 17-19 years), and adequate convergent validity against other PSS, autism symptom severity, and social anxiety measures amongst autistic (n = 28) and typically developing students (Study 2, n = 112, 17-19 years). Broader implications of SNaPSS to measure SNS/PSS are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04070-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Developing an Online Tool to Measure Social Network Structure and Perceived Social Support Amongst Autistic Students in Higher Education: A Feasibility Study [texte imprimé] / Jiedi LEI, Auteur ; Chris ASHWIN, Auteur ; Mark BROSNAN, Auteur ; Ailsa RUSSELL, Auteur . - p.3526-3542. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-9 (September 2019) . - p.3526-3542 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  College  Perceived social support  Social network  Transition  University Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The academic, daily-living, and social challenges all students face during university transition can become magnified for many autistic students, who might struggle to adapt to changes in their social network structure (SNS) and perceived social support (PSS). This study assessed the development, feasibility, and convergent validity of a novel online tool (Social Network and Perceived Social Support-SNaPSS) designed to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate SNS and PSS during university transition. SNaPSS demonstrated good feasibility for completion amongst autistic students (Study 1, n = 10, 17-19 years), and adequate convergent validity against other PSS, autism symptom severity, and social anxiety measures amongst autistic (n = 28) and typically developing students (Study 2, n = 112, 17-19 years). Broader implications of SNaPSS to measure SNS/PSS are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04070-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

Differences in anxieties and social networks in a group-matched sample of autistic and typically developing students transitioning to university / Jiedi LEI in Autism, 24-5 (July 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-5 (July 2020) . - p.1138-1151 Titre : Differences in anxieties and social networks in a group-matched sample of autistic and typically developing students transitioning to university Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jiedi LEI, Auteur ; Chris ASHWIN, Auteur ; Mark BROSNAN, Auteur ; Ailsa RUSSELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1138-1151 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  college  perceived social support  social anxiety  social network  university Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Transitioning to university can be anxiety-provoking for all students. The relationship between social anxiety, autistic traits and students' social network structure, and perceived support is poorly understood. This study used a group-matched design where autistic students (n = 28) and typically developing students (n = 28) were matched on sex, age (17-19 years), ethnicity, pre-university academic performance and degree subject at university. Autistic students reported greater transition to university worries, and a smaller social network size compared to typically developing students, though perceived similar levels of support from their social networks. Autistic and typically developing students showed differential patterns of association with both autistic traits and social anxiety. Broader clinical and practical implications of findings are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319894830 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=426 [article] Differences in anxieties and social networks in a group-matched sample of autistic and typically developing students transitioning to university [texte imprimé] / Jiedi LEI, Auteur ; Chris ASHWIN, Auteur ; Mark BROSNAN, Auteur ; Ailsa RUSSELL, Auteur . - p.1138-1151. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-5 (July 2020) . - p.1138-1151 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  college  perceived social support  social anxiety  social network  university Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Transitioning to university can be anxiety-provoking for all students. The relationship between social anxiety, autistic traits and students' social network structure, and perceived support is poorly understood. This study used a group-matched design where autistic students (n = 28) and typically developing students (n = 28) were matched on sex, age (17-19 years), ethnicity, pre-university academic performance and degree subject at university. Autistic students reported greater transition to university worries, and a smaller social network size compared to typically developing students, though perceived similar levels of support from their social networks. Autistic and typically developing students showed differential patterns of association with both autistic traits and social anxiety. Broader clinical and practical implications of findings are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319894830 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=426

Distinct neural bases of disruptive behavior and autism symptom severity in boys with autism spectrum disorder / Daniel Y.J. YANG in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 9-1 (December 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 9-1 (December 2017) . - p.1 Titre : Distinct neural bases of disruptive behavior and autism symptom severity in boys with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Daniel Y.J. YANG, Auteur ; Denis G. SUKHODOLSKY, Auteur ; Jiedi LEI, Auteur ; Eran DAYAN, Auteur ; Kevin A. PELPHREY, Auteur ; Pamela VENTOLA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adhd  Anxiety disorders  Autism spectrum disorder  Comorbidity  Default mode network  Disruptive behavior  Neuroimaging  Oppositional defiant disorder  Social perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Disruptive behavior in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an important clinical problem, but its neural basis remains poorly understood. The current research aims to better understand the neural underpinnings of disruptive behavior in ASD, while addressing whether the neural basis is shared with or separable from that of core ASD symptoms. METHODS: Participants consisted of 48 male children and adolescents: 31 ASD (7 had high disruptive behavior) and 17 typically developing (TD) controls, well-matched on sex, age, and IQ. For ASD participants, autism symptom severity, disruptive behavior, anxiety symptoms, and ADHD symptoms were measured. All participants were scanned while viewing biological motion (BIO) and scrambled motion (SCR). Two fMRI contrasts were analyzed: social perception (BIO > SCR) and Default Mode Network (DMN) deactivation (fixation > BIO). Age and IQ were included as covariates of no interest in all analyses. RESULTS: First, the between-group analyses on BIO > SCR showed that ASD is characterized by hypoactivation in the social perception circuitry, and ASD with high or low disruptive behavior exhibited similar patterns of hypoactivation. Second, the between-group analyses on fixation > BIO showed that ASD with high disruptive behavior exhibited more restricted and less DMN deactivation, when compared to ASD with low disruptive behavior or TD. Third, the within-ASD analyses showed that (a) autism symptom severity (but not disruptive behavior) was uniquely associated with less activation in the social perception regions including the posterior superior temporal sulcus and inferior frontal gyrus; (b) disruptive behavior (but not autism symptom severity) was uniquely associated with less DMN deactivation in the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and lateral parietal cortex; and (c) anxiety symptoms mediated the link between disruptive behavior and less DMN deactivation in both anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and MPFC, while ADHD symptoms mediated the link primarily in ACC. CONCLUSIONS: In boys with ASD, disruptive behavior has a neural basis in reduced DMN deactivation, which is distinct and separable from that of core ASD symptoms, with the latter characterized by hypoactivation in the social perception circuitry. These differential neurobiological markers may potentially serve as neural targets or predictors for interventions when treating disruptive behavior vs. core symptoms in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9183-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=349 [article] Distinct neural bases of disruptive behavior and autism symptom severity in boys with autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Daniel Y.J. YANG, Auteur ; Denis G. SUKHODOLSKY, Auteur ; Jiedi LEI, Auteur ; Eran DAYAN, Auteur ; Kevin A. PELPHREY, Auteur ; Pamela VENTOLA, Auteur . - p.1. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 9-1 (December 2017) . - p.1 Mots-clés : Adhd  Anxiety disorders  Autism spectrum disorder  Comorbidity  Default mode network  Disruptive behavior  Neuroimaging  Oppositional defiant disorder  Social perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Disruptive behavior in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an important clinical problem, but its neural basis remains poorly understood. The current research aims to better understand the neural underpinnings of disruptive behavior in ASD, while addressing whether the neural basis is shared with or separable from that of core ASD symptoms. METHODS: Participants consisted of 48 male children and adolescents: 31 ASD (7 had high disruptive behavior) and 17 typically developing (TD) controls, well-matched on sex, age, and IQ. For ASD participants, autism symptom severity, disruptive behavior, anxiety symptoms, and ADHD symptoms were measured. All participants were scanned while viewing biological motion (BIO) and scrambled motion (SCR). Two fMRI contrasts were analyzed: social perception (BIO > SCR) and Default Mode Network (DMN) deactivation (fixation > BIO). Age and IQ were included as covariates of no interest in all analyses. RESULTS: First, the between-group analyses on BIO > SCR showed that ASD is characterized by hypoactivation in the social perception circuitry, and ASD with high or low disruptive behavior exhibited similar patterns of hypoactivation. Second, the between-group analyses on fixation > BIO showed that ASD with high disruptive behavior exhibited more restricted and less DMN deactivation, when compared to ASD with low disruptive behavior or TD. Third, the within-ASD analyses showed that (a) autism symptom severity (but not disruptive behavior) was uniquely associated with less activation in the social perception regions including the posterior superior temporal sulcus and inferior frontal gyrus; (b) disruptive behavior (but not autism symptom severity) was uniquely associated with less DMN deactivation in the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and lateral parietal cortex; and (c) anxiety symptoms mediated the link between disruptive behavior and less DMN deactivation in both anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and MPFC, while ADHD symptoms mediated the link primarily in ACC. CONCLUSIONS: In boys with ASD, disruptive behavior has a neural basis in reduced DMN deactivation, which is distinct and separable from that of core ASD symptoms, with the latter characterized by hypoactivation in the social perception circuitry. These differential neurobiological markers may potentially serve as neural targets or predictors for interventions when treating disruptive behavior vs. core symptoms in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9183-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=349

Evaluating the Role of Autistic Traits, Social Anxiety, and Social Network Changes During Transition to First Year of University in Typically Developing Students and Students on the Autism Spectrum / Jiedi LEI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50-8 (August 2020)  

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Evaluation of a Transition to University Programme for Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Jiedi LEI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50-7 (July 2020)  

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Examining the relationship between cognitive inflexibility and internalizing and externalizing symptoms in autistic children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis / Jiedi LEI in Autism Research, 15-12 (December 2022)  

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Experiences of student and trainee autism researchers during the COVID-19 pandemic / Sowmyashree Mayur KAKU in Autism Research, 15-3 (March 2022)  

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Exploring an e-learning community's response to the language and terminology use in autism from two massive open online courses on autism education and technology use / Jiedi LEI in Autism, 25-5 (July 2021)  

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Exploring an e-learning community's response to the language and terminology use in autism from two massive open online courses on autism education and technology use / Jiedi LEI in Autism, 26-5 (July 2022)  

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Exploring the association between social camouflaging and self- versus caregiver-report discrepancies in anxiety and depressive symptoms in autistic and non-autistic socially anxious adolescents / Jiedi LEI in Autism, 28-10 (October 2024)  

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Exploring the Cognitive Model of Social Anxiety in Autistic Young People-The Central Role of Bodily Symptoms / H. WOOD in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-12 (December 2022)  

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I Have a Fear of Negative Evaluation, Get Me Out of Here! Examining Latent Constructs of Social Anxiety and Autistic Traits in Neurotypical and Autistic Young People / Jiedi LEI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-5 (May 2021)  

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Parenting a Child with ASD: Comparison of Parenting Style Between ASD, Anxiety, and Typical Development / Pamela VENTOLA in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-9 (September 2017)  

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