Correction to: Psychometric Validation of the Autism Impact Measure (AIM) / Richard HOUGHTON in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-6 (June 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-6 (June 2019) . - p.2571 Titre : Correction to: Psychometric Validation of the Autism Impact Measure (AIM) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Richard HOUGHTON, Auteur ; Brigitta MONZ, Auteur ; J. Kiely LAW, Auteur ; Georg LOSS, Auteur ; Stephanie LE SCOUILLER, Auteur ; Frank DE VRIES, Auteur ; Tom WILLGOSS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2571 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The article Psychometric Validation of the Autism Impact Measure (AIM), written by Richard Houghton, Brigitta Monz, Kiely Law, Georg Loss, Stephanie Le Scouiller, Frank de Vries and Tom Willgoss was originally published electronically on the publisher's internet portal (currently SpringerLink) on 09 April 2019 without open access.With the author(s)' decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on May 2019 to (c) The Author(s) 2019 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04076-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=400 [article] Correction to: Psychometric Validation of the Autism Impact Measure (AIM) [texte imprimé] / Richard HOUGHTON, Auteur ; Brigitta MONZ, Auteur ; J. Kiely LAW, Auteur ; Georg LOSS, Auteur ; Stephanie LE SCOUILLER, Auteur ; Frank DE VRIES, Auteur ; Tom WILLGOSS, Auteur . - p.2571. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-6 (June 2019) . - p.2571 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The article Psychometric Validation of the Autism Impact Measure (AIM), written by Richard Houghton, Brigitta Monz, Kiely Law, Georg Loss, Stephanie Le Scouiller, Frank de Vries and Tom Willgoss was originally published electronically on the publisher's internet portal (currently SpringerLink) on 09 April 2019 without open access.With the author(s)' decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on May 2019 to (c) The Author(s) 2019 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04076-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=400

Psychiatric Comorbidities and Psychotropic Medication Use in Autism: A Matched Cohort Study with ADHD and General Population Comparator Groups in the United Kingdom / Richard HOUGHTON in Autism Research, 11-12 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1690-1700 Titre : Psychiatric Comorbidities and Psychotropic Medication Use in Autism: A Matched Cohort Study with ADHD and General Population Comparator Groups in the United Kingdom Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Richard HOUGHTON, Auteur ; Chaoyu LIU, Auteur ; Federico BOLOGNANI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1690-1700 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : United Kingdom  attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  electronic medical records  polypharmacy  psychiatric comorbidities  psychotropic medications Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Psychiatric comorbidities and use of psychotropic medications are common among patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, most previous research used data from the United States (US) and few studies have compared medication use in ASD to control groups, making contextualization of results difficult. In the United Kingdom (UK), general practitioners play a key role in the management of ASD. We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study over calendar year 2015, using primary care data from the UK. We identified a prevalent cohort of ASD cases (n = 10,856) and matched control groups of (a) general population (n = 21,712) and (b) attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; n = 7,058) on age, sex and region. We described psychiatric comorbidities, psychotropic medications, and healthcare utilization in all three cohorts. Within the ASD cohort, we used multivariable logistic regression models to explore associations between patient characteristics and the outcomes of: any psychotropic medication, polypharmacy, and number of primary care visits. We used conditional logistic regression to compare the ASD and control groups. Psychiatric comorbidities were recorded for 41.5% of ASD patients; 32.3% received psychotropic medication and 9.8% received polypharmacy. Increased age and all psychiatric comorbidities (except conduct disorder) were associated with treatment use. Males were less likely to receive a treatment than females [Odds ratio (OR) 0.74 (0.66-0.83)]. ASD patients were more likely to take psychotropic medications than the general population [OR 4.91 (4.46-5.40)], but less likely compared to ADHD patients [OR 0.40 (0.37-0.44)]. Overall, rates of medication use in the UK were lower than those previously reported in the US. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1690-1700. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We used electronic medical records from the UK, to describe the amount of psychiatric comorbidities, psychotropic medication use and healthcare resource use in ASD. Around one in three people with ASD were prescribed a psychotropic medication, which was more than the general population, but less than for those with ADHD. Increased age, psychiatric comorbidities and female gender were all independently associated with psychotropic medication use. Rates of medication use in the UK were lower than those previously reported in the US. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2040 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372 [article] Psychiatric Comorbidities and Psychotropic Medication Use in Autism: A Matched Cohort Study with ADHD and General Population Comparator Groups in the United Kingdom [texte imprimé] / Richard HOUGHTON, Auteur ; Chaoyu LIU, Auteur ; Federico BOLOGNANI, Auteur . - p.1690-1700. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-12 (December 2018) . - p.1690-1700 Mots-clés : United Kingdom  attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  electronic medical records  polypharmacy  psychiatric comorbidities  psychotropic medications Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Psychiatric comorbidities and use of psychotropic medications are common among patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, most previous research used data from the United States (US) and few studies have compared medication use in ASD to control groups, making contextualization of results difficult. In the United Kingdom (UK), general practitioners play a key role in the management of ASD. We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study over calendar year 2015, using primary care data from the UK. We identified a prevalent cohort of ASD cases (n = 10,856) and matched control groups of (a) general population (n = 21,712) and (b) attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; n = 7,058) on age, sex and region. We described psychiatric comorbidities, psychotropic medications, and healthcare utilization in all three cohorts. Within the ASD cohort, we used multivariable logistic regression models to explore associations between patient characteristics and the outcomes of: any psychotropic medication, polypharmacy, and number of primary care visits. We used conditional logistic regression to compare the ASD and control groups. Psychiatric comorbidities were recorded for 41.5% of ASD patients; 32.3% received psychotropic medication and 9.8% received polypharmacy. Increased age and all psychiatric comorbidities (except conduct disorder) were associated with treatment use. Males were less likely to receive a treatment than females [Odds ratio (OR) 0.74 (0.66-0.83)]. ASD patients were more likely to take psychotropic medications than the general population [OR 4.91 (4.46-5.40)], but less likely compared to ADHD patients [OR 0.40 (0.37-0.44)]. Overall, rates of medication use in the UK were lower than those previously reported in the US. Autism Research 2018, 11: 1690-1700. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We used electronic medical records from the UK, to describe the amount of psychiatric comorbidities, psychotropic medication use and healthcare resource use in ASD. Around one in three people with ASD were prescribed a psychotropic medication, which was more than the general population, but less than for those with ADHD. Increased age, psychiatric comorbidities and female gender were all independently associated with psychotropic medication use. Rates of medication use in the UK were lower than those previously reported in the US. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2040 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372

Psychiatric comorbidities and use of psychotropic medications in people with autism spectrum disorder in the United States / Richard HOUGHTON in Autism Research, 10-12 (December 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-12 (December 2017) . - p.2037-2047 Titre : Psychiatric comorbidities and use of psychotropic medications in people with autism spectrum disorder in the United States Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Richard HOUGHTON, Auteur ; Rose C. ONG, Auteur ; Federico BOLOGNANI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2037-2047 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  claims database  medicaid  psychiatric comorbidities  polypharmacy  psychotropic medications Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated psychotropic medication usage in two large, cohorts of people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) throughout the calendar year 2014. The cohorts referred to individuals with commercial (employer-sponsored) and Medicaid insurance in the United States. We aimed to understand prescribing patterns of such medications across a wide age-range and in the presence/absence of other clinical and non-clinical characteristics, including psychiatric comorbidities. We described the prevalence and length of prescriptions by age, psychiatric comorbidity and overall. We also fitted multivariable logistic regression models to describe the relationship between treatments and subject characteristics simultaneously. Eighty percent of the identified population was male, although gender did not impact the odds of receiving medication. Medication use was strongly associated with age, increasing most rapidly before adulthood; generally plateauing thereafter. All psychiatric comorbidities studied also individually increased the chances of medication use, with epilepsy and ADHD having the highest associations in both the commercial (OR > 7) and Medicaid (OR around 12) cohorts. Those in non-capitated insurance plans, in foster care and white individuals also had increased odds of prescriptions. Overall, slightly more Medicaid enrollees received any psychotropic treatment (commercial: 64%, Medicaid: 69%). Nonetheless in both cohorts, a large proportion of individuals received treatment even without a diagnosis of any other psychiatric comorbidity (commercial: 31%, Medicaid: 33%). In summary, this report sheds new light on the latest patterns of psychiatric comorbidity profile and psycho-pharmacological treatment patterns in ASD Autism Res 2017, 10: 2037–2047. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary this study identified a large number of children and adults in the US with autism spectrum disorder (autism) from employer-sponsored and government funded (Medicaid) health insurance data. Psychotropic medications were used by over two thirds of people, and four in ten people received two medications at the same time. The chances of receiving medication increased for individuals with other psychiatric conditions (e.g., ADHD), and also increased with age. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1848 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=323 [article] Psychiatric comorbidities and use of psychotropic medications in people with autism spectrum disorder in the United States [texte imprimé] / Richard HOUGHTON, Auteur ; Rose C. ONG, Auteur ; Federico BOLOGNANI, Auteur . - p.2037-2047. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-12 (December 2017) . - p.2037-2047 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  claims database  medicaid  psychiatric comorbidities  polypharmacy  psychotropic medications Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated psychotropic medication usage in two large, cohorts of people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) throughout the calendar year 2014. The cohorts referred to individuals with commercial (employer-sponsored) and Medicaid insurance in the United States. We aimed to understand prescribing patterns of such medications across a wide age-range and in the presence/absence of other clinical and non-clinical characteristics, including psychiatric comorbidities. We described the prevalence and length of prescriptions by age, psychiatric comorbidity and overall. We also fitted multivariable logistic regression models to describe the relationship between treatments and subject characteristics simultaneously. Eighty percent of the identified population was male, although gender did not impact the odds of receiving medication. Medication use was strongly associated with age, increasing most rapidly before adulthood; generally plateauing thereafter. All psychiatric comorbidities studied also individually increased the chances of medication use, with epilepsy and ADHD having the highest associations in both the commercial (OR > 7) and Medicaid (OR around 12) cohorts. Those in non-capitated insurance plans, in foster care and white individuals also had increased odds of prescriptions. Overall, slightly more Medicaid enrollees received any psychotropic treatment (commercial: 64%, Medicaid: 69%). Nonetheless in both cohorts, a large proportion of individuals received treatment even without a diagnosis of any other psychiatric comorbidity (commercial: 31%, Medicaid: 33%). In summary, this report sheds new light on the latest patterns of psychiatric comorbidity profile and psycho-pharmacological treatment patterns in ASD Autism Res 2017, 10: 2037–2047. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary this study identified a large number of children and adults in the US with autism spectrum disorder (autism) from employer-sponsored and government funded (Medicaid) health insurance data. Psychotropic medications were used by over two thirds of people, and four in ten people received two medications at the same time. The chances of receiving medication increased for individuals with other psychiatric conditions (e.g., ADHD), and also increased with age. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1848 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=323

Psychometric Validation of the Autism Impact Measure (AIM) / Richard HOUGHTON in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-6 (June 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-6 (June 2019) . - p.2559-2570 Titre : Psychometric Validation of the Autism Impact Measure (AIM) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Richard HOUGHTON, Auteur ; Brigitta MONZ, Auteur ; J. Kiely LAW, Auteur ; Georg LOSS, Auteur ; Stephanie LE SCOUILLER, Auteur ; Frank DE VRIES, Auteur ; Tom WILLGOSS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2559-2570 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Outcome  Psychometric validation  Symptoms  Treatment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Autism impact measure (AIM) is a caregiver-reported questionnaire assessing autism symptom frequency and impact in children, previously shown to have good test-retest reliability, convergent validity and structural validity. This study extended previous work by exploring the AIM's ability to discriminate between 'known-groups' of children, and estimating thresholds for clinically important responses. Data were collected online and electronically on computer and mobile devices; hence, it was also possible to confirm other psychometric properties of the AIM in this format. This study provides confirmatory and additional psychometric validation of the AIM. The AIM offers a valid, quick and inexpensive method for caregivers to report core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) including communication deficits, difficulties with social interactions and repetitive behaviors. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04011-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=400 [article] Psychometric Validation of the Autism Impact Measure (AIM) [texte imprimé] / Richard HOUGHTON, Auteur ; Brigitta MONZ, Auteur ; J. Kiely LAW, Auteur ; Georg LOSS, Auteur ; Stephanie LE SCOUILLER, Auteur ; Frank DE VRIES, Auteur ; Tom WILLGOSS, Auteur . - p.2559-2570. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-6 (June 2019) . - p.2559-2570 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Outcome  Psychometric validation  Symptoms  Treatment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Autism impact measure (AIM) is a caregiver-reported questionnaire assessing autism symptom frequency and impact in children, previously shown to have good test-retest reliability, convergent validity and structural validity. This study extended previous work by exploring the AIM's ability to discriminate between 'known-groups' of children, and estimating thresholds for clinically important responses. Data were collected online and electronically on computer and mobile devices; hence, it was also possible to confirm other psychometric properties of the AIM in this format. This study provides confirmatory and additional psychometric validation of the AIM. The AIM offers a valid, quick and inexpensive method for caregivers to report core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) including communication deficits, difficulties with social interactions and repetitive behaviors. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04011-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=400

Risperidone versus aripiprazole fracture risk in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders / Richard HOUGHTON in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1800-1814 Titre : Risperidone versus aripiprazole fracture risk in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Richard HOUGHTON, Auteur ; Joop VAN DEN BERGH, Auteur ; J. Kiely LAW, Auteur ; Yutong LIU, Auteur ; Frank DE VRIES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1800-1814 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects  Aripiprazole/adverse effects  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/drug therapy/epidemiology  Child  Cohort Studies  Female  Fractures, Bone/drug therapy/epidemiology  Humans  Male  Retrospective Studies  Risperidone/adverse effects  United States/epidemiology  antipsychotics  aripiprazole  autism spectrum disorder  fractures  risperidone Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Risperidone and aripiprazole, commonly used antipsychotics in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), have previously been associated with elevated fracture risk in other populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the risk of fracture among children with ASD using risperidone or aripiprazole. This was a retrospective, propensity-score matched cohort study, set between January 2013 and December 2018. We used the MarketScan Medicaid insurance data, which covers multiple states of the United States. We included ASD children aged 2-18 years, who were new users of aripiprazole or risperidone and with no prior history of antipsychotic use or fractures. The main exposure was the continued use of aripiprazole or risperidone. The incidence rates of any fracture during follow-up were evaluated, and the risk between aripiprazole and risperidone was compared via Cox-proportional hazard models. Results were stratified by age, sex, duration of exposure and fracture site. In total, 3312 patients (78% male; mean [SD] age 11.0 [3.7] years) were identified for each cohort. Over the full duration of follow-up, fracture incidence rates per 1000 patient-years were 23.2 for risperidone and 38.4 for aripiprazole (hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval: 0.60 [0.44-0.83]). Risks were similar between cohorts throughout the first 180 days on treatment, but significantly higher in the aripiprazole group thereafter. Extremity fractures drove most of the increased risk, with the biggest differences in lower leg and ankle fractures. Differences widened for children aged 10 years or younger (HR [95% CI]: 0.47 [0.30-0.74]). In conclusion, compared to aripiprazole, risperidone was associated with 40% lower risk of fracture. Further analysis on the mechanism and long-term bone health of antipsychotic-treated children with ASD is warranted. LAY SUMMARY: We compared the risk of bone fractures among 6624 children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), half of whom used risperidone and half of whom used aripiprazole. Taking other factors into account, risks were similar between the two groups throughout the first 180 days on treatment, but significantly higher in the aripiprazole group thereafter. The biggest differences were in lower leg and ankle fractures. Overall, compared with aripiprazole, risperidone was associated with 40% lower risk of fracture. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2541 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 [article] Risperidone versus aripiprazole fracture risk in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders [texte imprimé] / Richard HOUGHTON, Auteur ; Joop VAN DEN BERGH, Auteur ; J. Kiely LAW, Auteur ; Yutong LIU, Auteur ; Frank DE VRIES, Auteur . - p.1800-1814. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1800-1814 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects  Aripiprazole/adverse effects  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/drug therapy/epidemiology  Child  Cohort Studies  Female  Fractures, Bone/drug therapy/epidemiology  Humans  Male  Retrospective Studies  Risperidone/adverse effects  United States/epidemiology  antipsychotics  aripiprazole  autism spectrum disorder  fractures  risperidone Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Risperidone and aripiprazole, commonly used antipsychotics in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), have previously been associated with elevated fracture risk in other populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the risk of fracture among children with ASD using risperidone or aripiprazole. This was a retrospective, propensity-score matched cohort study, set between January 2013 and December 2018. We used the MarketScan Medicaid insurance data, which covers multiple states of the United States. We included ASD children aged 2-18 years, who were new users of aripiprazole or risperidone and with no prior history of antipsychotic use or fractures. The main exposure was the continued use of aripiprazole or risperidone. The incidence rates of any fracture during follow-up were evaluated, and the risk between aripiprazole and risperidone was compared via Cox-proportional hazard models. Results were stratified by age, sex, duration of exposure and fracture site. In total, 3312 patients (78% male; mean [SD] age 11.0 [3.7] years) were identified for each cohort. Over the full duration of follow-up, fracture incidence rates per 1000 patient-years were 23.2 for risperidone and 38.4 for aripiprazole (hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval: 0.60 [0.44-0.83]). Risks were similar between cohorts throughout the first 180 days on treatment, but significantly higher in the aripiprazole group thereafter. Extremity fractures drove most of the increased risk, with the biggest differences in lower leg and ankle fractures. Differences widened for children aged 10 years or younger (HR [95% CI]: 0.47 [0.30-0.74]). In conclusion, compared to aripiprazole, risperidone was associated with 40% lower risk of fracture. Further analysis on the mechanism and long-term bone health of antipsychotic-treated children with ASD is warranted. LAY SUMMARY: We compared the risk of bone fractures among 6624 children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), half of whom used risperidone and half of whom used aripiprazole. Taking other factors into account, risks were similar between the two groups throughout the first 180 days on treatment, but significantly higher in the aripiprazole group thereafter. The biggest differences were in lower leg and ankle fractures. Overall, compared with aripiprazole, risperidone was associated with 40% lower risk of fracture. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2541 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449

Treatment patterns in children with autism in the United States / Brigitta MONZ in Autism Research, 12-3 (March 2019)  

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