Autism Spectrum Disorders and Self-reports: Testing Validity and Reliability Using the NEO-PI-R / Eva HESSELMARK in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-5 (May 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-5 (May 2015) . - p.1156-1166 Titre : Autism Spectrum Disorders and Self-reports: Testing Validity and Reliability Using the NEO-PI-R Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Eva HESSELMARK, Auteur ; Jonna M. ERIKSSON, Auteur ; Joakim WESTERLUND, Auteur ; Susanne BEJEROT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1156-1166 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Self report  Psychometrics  Validation  Personality tests Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although self-reported measures are frequently used to assess adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), the validity of self-reports is under-researched in ASD. The core symptoms of ASD may negatively affect the psychometric properties of self-reported measures. The aim of the present study was to test the validity and reliability of self-reported data using the NEO personality inventory-revised (NEO-PI-R). Forty-eight adults with ASD and 53 controls completed the NEO-PI-R and a psychiatric interview. Results indicate satisfactory internal consistency of the NEO-PI-R, a satisfactory factor structure, predicted correlations with clinician ratings in the ASD group, and predicted differences in personality between the ASD group and controls. In conclusion, the present results support the use of self-reported measures when assessing adults with ASD . En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2275-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=259 [article] Autism Spectrum Disorders and Self-reports: Testing Validity and Reliability Using the NEO-PI-R [texte imprimé] / Eva HESSELMARK, Auteur ; Jonna M. ERIKSSON, Auteur ; Joakim WESTERLUND, Auteur ; Susanne BEJEROT, Auteur . - p.1156-1166. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-5 (May 2015) . - p.1156-1166 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Self report  Psychometrics  Validation  Personality tests Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although self-reported measures are frequently used to assess adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), the validity of self-reports is under-researched in ASD. The core symptoms of ASD may negatively affect the psychometric properties of self-reported measures. The aim of the present study was to test the validity and reliability of self-reported data using the NEO personality inventory-revised (NEO-PI-R). Forty-eight adults with ASD and 53 controls completed the NEO-PI-R and a psychiatric interview. Results indicate satisfactory internal consistency of the NEO-PI-R, a satisfactory factor structure, predicted correlations with clinician ratings in the ASD group, and predicted differences in personality between the ASD group and controls. In conclusion, the present results support the use of self-reported measures when assessing adults with ASD . En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2275-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=259

Effect of co-twin gender on neurodevelopmental symptoms: a twin register study / Jonna Maria ERIKSSON in Molecular Autism, 7 (2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 8p. Titre : Effect of co-twin gender on neurodevelopmental symptoms: a twin register study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jonna Maria ERIKSSON, Auteur ; Sebastian LUNDSTROM, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Susanne BEJEROT, Auteur ; Elias ERIKSSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : 8p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/genetics/physiopathology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics/physiopathology  Child  Comorbidity  Diseases in Twins  Female  Follow-Up Studies  Gender Identity  Humans  Interview, Psychological  Male  Neurodevelopmental Disorders/genetics/physiopathology  Parents  Pregnancy  Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects  Sex Characteristics  Stereotyped Behavior  Sweden/epidemiology  Testosterone/physiology  Tic Disorders/genetics/physiopathology  Twins, Dizygotic/psychology  Asperger syndrome  Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders  Autistic disorder  Symptom assessment  Twin study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are neurodevelopmental disorders thought to have both genetic and environmental causes. It has been hypothesized that exposure to elevated levels of prenatal testosterone is associated with elevated traits of ASD and ADHD. Assuming that testosterone levels from a dizygotic male twin fetus may lead to enhanced testosterone exposure of its co-twins, we aimed to test the prenatal testosterone hypothesis by comparing same-sex with opposite-sex dizygotic twins with respect to neurodevelopmental symptoms. METHODS: Neuropsychiatric traits were assessed in a population-based twin cohort from the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS). Parental interviews were conducted for 16,312 dizygotic twins, 9 and 12 years old, with the Autism-Tics, ADHD, and other Comorbidities inventory (A-TAC). RESULTS: Girls with a female co-twin had an increased risk of reaching the cut-off score for ADHD compared with girls with a male co-twin. Both boys and girls with a female co-twin displayed a larger number of traits related to attention deficit and repetitive and stereotyped behaviors than those with a male twin. In girls, this also extended to social interaction and the combined measures for ASD and ADHD, however, with small effect sizes. CONCLUSIONS: Our results are reverse to what would have been expected from the prenatal testosterone hypothesis but consistent with a previous study of ASD and ADHD traits in dizygotic twins. The seemingly protective effect for girls of having a twin brother may be an effect of parent report bias, but may also be an unexpected effect of sharing the intrauterine environment with a male co-twin. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0074-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=328 [article] Effect of co-twin gender on neurodevelopmental symptoms: a twin register study [texte imprimé] / Jonna Maria ERIKSSON, Auteur ; Sebastian LUNDSTROM, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Susanne BEJEROT, Auteur ; Elias ERIKSSON, Auteur . - 8p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 8p. Mots-clés : Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/genetics/physiopathology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics/physiopathology  Child  Comorbidity  Diseases in Twins  Female  Follow-Up Studies  Gender Identity  Humans  Interview, Psychological  Male  Neurodevelopmental Disorders/genetics/physiopathology  Parents  Pregnancy  Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects  Sex Characteristics  Stereotyped Behavior  Sweden/epidemiology  Testosterone/physiology  Tic Disorders/genetics/physiopathology  Twins, Dizygotic/psychology  Asperger syndrome  Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders  Autistic disorder  Symptom assessment  Twin study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are neurodevelopmental disorders thought to have both genetic and environmental causes. It has been hypothesized that exposure to elevated levels of prenatal testosterone is associated with elevated traits of ASD and ADHD. Assuming that testosterone levels from a dizygotic male twin fetus may lead to enhanced testosterone exposure of its co-twins, we aimed to test the prenatal testosterone hypothesis by comparing same-sex with opposite-sex dizygotic twins with respect to neurodevelopmental symptoms. METHODS: Neuropsychiatric traits were assessed in a population-based twin cohort from the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS). Parental interviews were conducted for 16,312 dizygotic twins, 9 and 12 years old, with the Autism-Tics, ADHD, and other Comorbidities inventory (A-TAC). RESULTS: Girls with a female co-twin had an increased risk of reaching the cut-off score for ADHD compared with girls with a male co-twin. Both boys and girls with a female co-twin displayed a larger number of traits related to attention deficit and repetitive and stereotyped behaviors than those with a male twin. In girls, this also extended to social interaction and the combined measures for ASD and ADHD, however, with small effect sizes. CONCLUSIONS: Our results are reverse to what would have been expected from the prenatal testosterone hypothesis but consistent with a previous study of ASD and ADHD traits in dizygotic twins. The seemingly protective effect for girls of having a twin brother may be an effect of parent report bias, but may also be an unexpected effect of sharing the intrauterine environment with a male co-twin. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0074-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=328

Minor physical anomalies in adults with autism spectrum disorder and healthy controls / I. MANOUILENKO in Autism Research and Treatment, 2014 (2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research and Treatment > 2014 (2014) Titre : Minor physical anomalies in adults with autism spectrum disorder and healthy controls Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : I. MANOUILENKO, Auteur ; Jonna Maria ERIKSSON, Auteur ; M.B. HUMBLE, Auteur ; Susanne BEJEROT, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Minor Physical Anomalies (MPAs) are subtle abnormalities of the head, face, and limbs, without significant cosmetic or functional impact to the individual. They are assumed to represent external markers of developmental deviations during foetal life. MPAs have been suggested to indicate severity in mental illness and constitute external markers for atypical brain development. Higher frequencies of MPAs can be found in children with autism. The aims of the present study were to examine the prevalence and patterns of MPAs in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and to investigate whether MPAs are associated with symptom severity and overall functioning. Fifty adults with ASD and intelligence within the normal range and 53 healthy controls were examined with the Waldrop scale, an instrument for assessing MPAs. Face and feet were photographed enabling blinded assessment. Significant differences between the ASD and the control group were found on the MPA total scores, and also in the craniofacial region scores. Moreover, the shape of the ears was associated with autistic traits, in the ASD group. High MPA total scores were associated with poorer functioning. The findings suggest a link between MPAs, autistic traits, and level of functioning. Assessment of MPAs may assist in the diagnostic procedure of psychiatric disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/743482 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=332 [article] Minor physical anomalies in adults with autism spectrum disorder and healthy controls [texte imprimé] / I. MANOUILENKO, Auteur ; Jonna Maria ERIKSSON, Auteur ; M.B. HUMBLE, Auteur ; Susanne BEJEROT, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research and Treatment > 2014 (2014) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Minor Physical Anomalies (MPAs) are subtle abnormalities of the head, face, and limbs, without significant cosmetic or functional impact to the individual. They are assumed to represent external markers of developmental deviations during foetal life. MPAs have been suggested to indicate severity in mental illness and constitute external markers for atypical brain development. Higher frequencies of MPAs can be found in children with autism. The aims of the present study were to examine the prevalence and patterns of MPAs in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and to investigate whether MPAs are associated with symptom severity and overall functioning. Fifty adults with ASD and intelligence within the normal range and 53 healthy controls were examined with the Waldrop scale, an instrument for assessing MPAs. Face and feet were photographed enabling blinded assessment. Significant differences between the ASD and the control group were found on the MPA total scores, and also in the craniofacial region scores. Moreover, the shape of the ears was associated with autistic traits, in the ASD group. High MPA total scores were associated with poorer functioning. The findings suggest a link between MPAs, autistic traits, and level of functioning. Assessment of MPAs may assist in the diagnostic procedure of psychiatric disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/743482 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=332

RAADS-14 Screen: validity of a screening tool for autism spectrum disorder in an adult psychiatric population / Jonna M. ERIKSSON in Molecular Autism, (December 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > (December 2013) Titre : RAADS-14 Screen: validity of a screening tool for autism spectrum disorder in an adult psychiatric population Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jonna M. ERIKSSON, Auteur ; Lisa ANDERSEN, Auteur ; Susanne BEJEROT, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be difficult to distinguish from other psychiatric disorders. The clinical assessment of ASD is lengthy, and has to be performed by a specialized clinician. Therefore, a screening instrument to aid in the identification of patients who may have undiagnosed ASD should be useful. The purpose of this study was to develop such a screening instrument. Based on the 80 item Ritvo Autism and Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R), we developed a 14 item self-evaluation questionnaire, the RAADS-14 Screen. In total, 135 adults with ASD and 508 psychiatric controls completed the abridged version of the RAADS-R. The RAADS-14 Screen score was significantly higher in the ASD group than in the control samples, with a median score of 32 for ASD, 15 for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and 11 for other psychiatric disorders (P0.001). A cut-off score of 14 or above reached a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 46 to 64%. A factor analysis identified three factors consistent with mentalizing deficits, social anxiety, and sensory reactivity relevant for the diagnosis of ASD. The psychometric properties of RAADS-14 Screen were shown to be satisfactory. The results of this study indicate that RAADS-14 Screen is a promising measure in screening for ASD in adult psychiatric outpatients. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2040-2392-4-49 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=227 [article] RAADS-14 Screen: validity of a screening tool for autism spectrum disorder in an adult psychiatric population [texte imprimé] / Jonna M. ERIKSSON, Auteur ; Lisa ANDERSEN, Auteur ; Susanne BEJEROT, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > (December 2013) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be difficult to distinguish from other psychiatric disorders. The clinical assessment of ASD is lengthy, and has to be performed by a specialized clinician. Therefore, a screening instrument to aid in the identification of patients who may have undiagnosed ASD should be useful. The purpose of this study was to develop such a screening instrument. Based on the 80 item Ritvo Autism and Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R), we developed a 14 item self-evaluation questionnaire, the RAADS-14 Screen. In total, 135 adults with ASD and 508 psychiatric controls completed the abridged version of the RAADS-R. The RAADS-14 Screen score was significantly higher in the ASD group than in the control samples, with a median score of 32 for ASD, 15 for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and 11 for other psychiatric disorders (P0.001). A cut-off score of 14 or above reached a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 46 to 64%. A factor analysis identified three factors consistent with mentalizing deficits, social anxiety, and sensory reactivity relevant for the diagnosis of ASD. The psychometric properties of RAADS-14 Screen were shown to be satisfactory. The results of this study indicate that RAADS-14 Screen is a promising measure in screening for ASD in adult psychiatric outpatients. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2040-2392-4-49 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=227

What has feet to do with it? Pes planus and medial arch height in adults with and without autism spectrum disorder / Kristina TEDROFF in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7-1 (January 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-1 (January 2013) . - p.187-92 Titre : What has feet to do with it? Pes planus and medial arch height in adults with and without autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kristina TEDROFF, Auteur ; Jonna M. ERIKSSON, Auteur ; Susanne BEJEROT, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.187-92 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Minor physical anomaly  Adult  Flatfoot  Pes planus Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism have higher rates of minor physical anomalies (MPAs) than neurotypical persons. Minor physical anomalies are slight morphological deviations typically harmless and without cosmetic or medical importance to the individual but indicative of an underlying neurodevelopmental disorder. In genetic autism research the utilization of MPAs has been recommended. In the present study the prevalence of pes planus or flatfoot in adults with ASD compared to age and sex matched neurotypical adults was investigated with two different methods. A photograph of the feet was obtained from underneath while the subjects were standing on a glass table. From this imprint calculations were made. In addition the medial longitudinal foot arch was measured with a Verniper caliper. The ultimate purpose of this study was to evaluate if flatfoot deformity could be utilized as an MPA in ASD. In this cohort of nearly one hundred adults no one fulfilled the predefined criteria of a flatfoot diagnosis but a lower foot arch height was shown in individuals with ASD compared to controls, confirming the clinical impression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2012.08.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=180 [article] What has feet to do with it? Pes planus and medial arch height in adults with and without autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Kristina TEDROFF, Auteur ; Jonna M. ERIKSSON, Auteur ; Susanne BEJEROT, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.187-92. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 7-1 (January 2013) . - p.187-92 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Minor physical anomaly  Adult  Flatfoot  Pes planus Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism have higher rates of minor physical anomalies (MPAs) than neurotypical persons. Minor physical anomalies are slight morphological deviations typically harmless and without cosmetic or medical importance to the individual but indicative of an underlying neurodevelopmental disorder. In genetic autism research the utilization of MPAs has been recommended. In the present study the prevalence of pes planus or flatfoot in adults with ASD compared to age and sex matched neurotypical adults was investigated with two different methods. A photograph of the feet was obtained from underneath while the subjects were standing on a glass table. From this imprint calculations were made. In addition the medial longitudinal foot arch was measured with a Verniper caliper. The ultimate purpose of this study was to evaluate if flatfoot deformity could be utilized as an MPA in ASD. In this cohort of nearly one hundred adults no one fulfilled the predefined criteria of a flatfoot diagnosis but a lower foot arch height was shown in individuals with ASD compared to controls, confirming the clinical impression. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2012.08.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=180

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