Self-processing in individuals with autism spectrum disorder / A. D. NIJHOF in Autism Research, 12-11 (November 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-11 (November 2019) . - p.1580-1584 Titre : Self-processing in individuals with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. D. NIJHOF, Auteur ; Geoffrey BIRD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1580-1584 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : compensation  egocentric bias  self-processing  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research attempting to explain the social difficulties observed in autism spectrum disorder has focused predominantly on difficulties understanding others, but there are indications that self-referential processing is also atypical in autism. For example, infants who later get an autism diagnosis show a reduced response when hearing their own name. In addition, research suggests that the self-bias (the tendency to preferentially process information when self-relevant) is smaller or absent in autism. However, findings are mixed: researchers are yet to clarify exactly those aspects of self-processing which are atypical in autism and in what way they are atypical. To gain further insight into these issues, future studies should focus on whether and how different aspects of self-processing are related in both neurotypical and autistic individuals. Furthermore, the (a)typical development of different aspects of the self, as well as the impact of the self on different domains of cognitive processing, deserves further attention, requiring studies with participants in a wide age range. Finally, the use of neural measures of self-processing will be invaluable, given the recent hypothesis that autistic individuals may learn to compensate for difficulties by relying on neural pathways which differ from those utilised by neurotypical individuals. Autism Res 2019, 1-5. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Research has indicated that individuals with autism spectrum disorder show differences in the processing of self-relevant information. However, as yet, exactly how self-processing differs in autism remains unknown. To further our understanding of the self in autism, future studies should focus on the relationship between different aspects of self-processing, investigating brain activity as well as behaviour, across a wide range of ages. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2200 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=411 [article] Self-processing in individuals with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. D. NIJHOF, Auteur ; Geoffrey BIRD, Auteur . - p.1580-1584. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-11 (November 2019) . - p.1580-1584 Mots-clés : compensation  egocentric bias  self-processing  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research attempting to explain the social difficulties observed in autism spectrum disorder has focused predominantly on difficulties understanding others, but there are indications that self-referential processing is also atypical in autism. For example, infants who later get an autism diagnosis show a reduced response when hearing their own name. In addition, research suggests that the self-bias (the tendency to preferentially process information when self-relevant) is smaller or absent in autism. However, findings are mixed: researchers are yet to clarify exactly those aspects of self-processing which are atypical in autism and in what way they are atypical. To gain further insight into these issues, future studies should focus on whether and how different aspects of self-processing are related in both neurotypical and autistic individuals. Furthermore, the (a)typical development of different aspects of the self, as well as the impact of the self on different domains of cognitive processing, deserves further attention, requiring studies with participants in a wide age range. Finally, the use of neural measures of self-processing will be invaluable, given the recent hypothesis that autistic individuals may learn to compensate for difficulties by relying on neural pathways which differ from those utilised by neurotypical individuals. Autism Res 2019, 1-5. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Research has indicated that individuals with autism spectrum disorder show differences in the processing of self-relevant information. However, as yet, exactly how self-processing differs in autism remains unknown. To further our understanding of the self in autism, future studies should focus on the relationship between different aspects of self-processing, investigating brain activity as well as behaviour, across a wide range of ages. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2200 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=411

The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adults with autism: a survey study across three countries / D. OOMEN in Molecular Autism, 12 (2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 21 p. Titre : The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adults with autism: a survey study across three countries Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : D. OOMEN, Auteur ; A. D. NIJHOF, Auteur ; Jan R. WIERSEMA, Auteur Article en page(s) : 21 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Aged  Anxiety/epidemiology  Autistic Disorder/psychology  Belgium/epidemiology  COVID-19/psychology  Depression/epidemiology  Female  Humans  Male  Middle Aged  Netherlands/epidemiology  SARS-CoV-2  Social Interaction  Stress, Psychological/epidemiology  Surveys and Questionnaires  United Kingdom/epidemiology  Young Adult  Autism  Covid-19  Mental health  Pandemic Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported a negative psychological and mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This impact is likely to be stronger for people with autism as they are at heightened risk of mental health problems and because the pandemic directly affects social functioning and everyday routines. We therefore examined COVID-19 pandemic-related changes in mental health, the impact of the pandemic on their social life and routines, satisfaction with pandemic-related information and tips, and participants' wishes for guidance. METHODS: We used a mixed-method approach, collecting quantitative and qualitative survey data from adults with and without autism across three European countries: Belgium, the Netherlands, and the UK (N?=?1044). RESULTS: We found an increase in depression and anxiety symptoms in response to the pandemic for both the non-autism and the autism group, which was greater for adults with autism. Furthermore, adults with autism showed a greater increase in worries about their pets, work, getting medication and food, and their own safety/security. They felt more relieved from social stress, yet experienced the loss of social contact as difficult. Adults with autism also felt more stressed about the loss of routines. Pleasant changes noted by adults with autism were the increase in solidarity and reduced sensory and social overload. Adults with autism frequently reported problems with cancellation of guidance due to the pandemic and expressed their wish for (more) autism-specific information and advice. LIMITATIONS: Our sample is likely to reflect some degree of selection bias, and longitudinal studies are needed to determine long-term effects. CONCLUSIONS: Results highlight the psychological burden of the pandemic on adults with autism and shed light on how to support them during this COVID-19 pandemic, which is especially important now that the pandemic is likely to have a prolonged course. There is a need for accessible, affordable (continued) support from health services. Guidance may focus on the maintenance of a social network, and adjusting routines to the rapid ongoing changes. Finally, we may learn from the COVID-19 pandemic-related changes experienced as pleasant by adults with autism to build a more autism-friendly society post-pandemic. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00424-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459 [article] The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adults with autism: a survey study across three countries [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / D. OOMEN, Auteur ; A. D. NIJHOF, Auteur ; Jan R. WIERSEMA, Auteur . - 21 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 21 p. Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Aged  Anxiety/epidemiology  Autistic Disorder/psychology  Belgium/epidemiology  COVID-19/psychology  Depression/epidemiology  Female  Humans  Male  Middle Aged  Netherlands/epidemiology  SARS-CoV-2  Social Interaction  Stress, Psychological/epidemiology  Surveys and Questionnaires  United Kingdom/epidemiology  Young Adult  Autism  Covid-19  Mental health  Pandemic Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported a negative psychological and mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This impact is likely to be stronger for people with autism as they are at heightened risk of mental health problems and because the pandemic directly affects social functioning and everyday routines. We therefore examined COVID-19 pandemic-related changes in mental health, the impact of the pandemic on their social life and routines, satisfaction with pandemic-related information and tips, and participants' wishes for guidance. METHODS: We used a mixed-method approach, collecting quantitative and qualitative survey data from adults with and without autism across three European countries: Belgium, the Netherlands, and the UK (N?=?1044). RESULTS: We found an increase in depression and anxiety symptoms in response to the pandemic for both the non-autism and the autism group, which was greater for adults with autism. Furthermore, adults with autism showed a greater increase in worries about their pets, work, getting medication and food, and their own safety/security. They felt more relieved from social stress, yet experienced the loss of social contact as difficult. Adults with autism also felt more stressed about the loss of routines. Pleasant changes noted by adults with autism were the increase in solidarity and reduced sensory and social overload. Adults with autism frequently reported problems with cancellation of guidance due to the pandemic and expressed their wish for (more) autism-specific information and advice. LIMITATIONS: Our sample is likely to reflect some degree of selection bias, and longitudinal studies are needed to determine long-term effects. CONCLUSIONS: Results highlight the psychological burden of the pandemic on adults with autism and shed light on how to support them during this COVID-19 pandemic, which is especially important now that the pandemic is likely to have a prolonged course. There is a need for accessible, affordable (continued) support from health services. Guidance may focus on the maintenance of a social network, and adjusting routines to the rapid ongoing changes. Finally, we may learn from the COVID-19 pandemic-related changes experienced as pleasant by adults with autism to build a more autism-friendly society post-pandemic. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00424-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459

---

1 (1 - 2 / 2)