8 recherche sur le mot-clé 'United Kingdom/epidemiology'

Associations of perceived adverse lifetime experiences with brain structure in UK Biobank participants / Delia A. GHEORGHE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-7 (July 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-7 (July 2021) . - p.822-830 Titre : Associations of perceived adverse lifetime experiences with brain structure in UK Biobank participants Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Delia A. GHEORGHE, Auteur ; Chenlu LI, Auteur ; John GALLACHER, Auteur ; Sarah BAUERMEISTER, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p.822-830 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adverse Childhood Experiences  Aged  Aged, 80 and over  Biological Specimen Banks  Brain/diagnostic imaging  Humans  Middle Aged  Retrospective Studies  Spouse Abuse  United Kingdom/epidemiology  Brain imaging  adversity  early life experience  large data Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Adversity experiences (AEs) are major risk factors for psychiatric illness, and ample evidence suggests that adversity-related changes in brain structure enhance this vulnerability. To achieve greater understanding of the underlying biological pathways, increased convergence among findings is needed. Suggested future directions may benefit from the use of large population samples which may contribute to achieving this goal. We addressed mechanistic pathways by investigating the associations between multiple brain phenotypes and retrospectively reported AEs in early life (child adversity) and adulthood (partner abuse) in a large population sample, using a cross-sectional approach. METHODS: The UK Biobank resource was used to access imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs) from 6,751 participants (aged: M = 62.1, SD = 7.2, range = 45-80), together with selected reports of childhood AEs and adult partner abuse. Principal component analysis was used to reduce the dimensionality of the data prior to multivariate tests. RESULTS: The data showed that participants who reported experiences of childhood emotional abuse ('felt hated by family member as a child') had smaller cerebellar and ventral striatum volumes. This result was also depicted in a random subset of participants; however, we note small effect sizes ( ηp2 ( ) < .01), suggestive of modest biological changes. CONCLUSIONS: Using a large population cohort, this study demonstrates the value of big datasets in the study of adversity and using automatically preprocessed neuroimaging phenotypes. While retrospective and cross-sectional characteristics limit interpretation, this study demonstrates that self-perceived adversity reports, however nonspecific, may still expose neural consequences, identifiable with increased statistical power. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13298 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456 [article] Associations of perceived adverse lifetime experiences with brain structure in UK Biobank participants [texte imprimé] / Delia A. GHEORGHE, Auteur ; Chenlu LI, Auteur ; John GALLACHER, Auteur ; Sarah BAUERMEISTER, Auteur . - 2021 . - p.822-830. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-7 (July 2021) . - p.822-830 Mots-clés : Adverse Childhood Experiences  Aged  Aged, 80 and over  Biological Specimen Banks  Brain/diagnostic imaging  Humans  Middle Aged  Retrospective Studies  Spouse Abuse  United Kingdom/epidemiology  Brain imaging  adversity  early life experience  large data Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Adversity experiences (AEs) are major risk factors for psychiatric illness, and ample evidence suggests that adversity-related changes in brain structure enhance this vulnerability. To achieve greater understanding of the underlying biological pathways, increased convergence among findings is needed. Suggested future directions may benefit from the use of large population samples which may contribute to achieving this goal. We addressed mechanistic pathways by investigating the associations between multiple brain phenotypes and retrospectively reported AEs in early life (child adversity) and adulthood (partner abuse) in a large population sample, using a cross-sectional approach. METHODS: The UK Biobank resource was used to access imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs) from 6,751 participants (aged: M = 62.1, SD = 7.2, range = 45-80), together with selected reports of childhood AEs and adult partner abuse. Principal component analysis was used to reduce the dimensionality of the data prior to multivariate tests. RESULTS: The data showed that participants who reported experiences of childhood emotional abuse ('felt hated by family member as a child') had smaller cerebellar and ventral striatum volumes. This result was also depicted in a random subset of participants; however, we note small effect sizes ( ηp2 ( ) < .01), suggestive of modest biological changes. CONCLUSIONS: Using a large population cohort, this study demonstrates the value of big datasets in the study of adversity and using automatically preprocessed neuroimaging phenotypes. While retrospective and cross-sectional characteristics limit interpretation, this study demonstrates that self-perceived adversity reports, however nonspecific, may still expose neural consequences, identifiable with increased statistical power. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13298 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456

Examining changes in parent-reported child and adolescent mental health throughout the UK's first COVID-19 national lockdown / Jasmine A.L. RAW in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-12 (December 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-12 (December 2021) . - p.1391-1401 Titre : Examining changes in parent-reported child and adolescent mental health throughout the UK's first COVID-19 national lockdown Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jasmine A.L. RAW, Auteur ; Polly WAITE, Auteur ; Samantha PEARCEY, Auteur ; Adrienne SHUM, Auteur ; Praveetha PATALAY, Auteur ; Cathy CRESWELL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1391-1401 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Covid-19  Child  Child, Preschool  Communicable Disease Control  Humans  Mental Health  Pandemics  Parents  SARS-CoV-2  United Kingdom/epidemiology  United Kingdom  adolescent  children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly changed the lives of children and adolescents, forcing them into periods of prolonged social isolation and time away from school. Understanding the psychological consequences of the UK's lockdown for children and adolescents, the associated risk factors, and how trajectories may vary for children and adolescents in different circumstances is essential so that the most vulnerable children and adolescents can be identified, and appropriate support can be implemented. METHODS: Participants were a convenience sample of parents and carers (n = 2,988) in the UK with children and adolescents aged between 4 and 16 years who completed an online survey about their child's mental health. Growth curve analysis was used to examine the changes in conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention, and emotional symptoms between the end of March/beginning of April and July using data from monthly assessments over four months. Additionally, growth mixture modelling identified mental health trajectories for conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention, and emotional symptoms separately, and subsequent regression models were used to estimate predictors of mental health trajectory membership. RESULTS: Overall levels of hyperactivity and conduct problems increased over time, whereas emotional symptoms remained relatively stable, though declined somewhat between June and July. Change over time varied according to child age, the presence of siblings, and with Special Educational Needs (SEN)/Neurodevelopmental Disorders (ND). Subsequent growth mixture modelling identified three, four, and five trajectories for hyperactivity/inattention, conduct problems, and emotional symptoms, respectively. Though many children maintained 'stable low' symptoms, others experienced elevated symptoms by July. These children were more likely to have a parent/carer with higher levels of psychological distress, to have SEN/ND, or to be younger in age. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support previous literature and highlight that certain risk factors were associated with poorer mental health trajectories for children and adolescents during the pandemic. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13490 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456 [article] Examining changes in parent-reported child and adolescent mental health throughout the UK's first COVID-19 national lockdown [texte imprimé] / Jasmine A.L. RAW, Auteur ; Polly WAITE, Auteur ; Samantha PEARCEY, Auteur ; Adrienne SHUM, Auteur ; Praveetha PATALAY, Auteur ; Cathy CRESWELL, Auteur . - p.1391-1401. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-12 (December 2021) . - p.1391-1401 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Covid-19  Child  Child, Preschool  Communicable Disease Control  Humans  Mental Health  Pandemics  Parents  SARS-CoV-2  United Kingdom/epidemiology  United Kingdom  adolescent  children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly changed the lives of children and adolescents, forcing them into periods of prolonged social isolation and time away from school. Understanding the psychological consequences of the UK's lockdown for children and adolescents, the associated risk factors, and how trajectories may vary for children and adolescents in different circumstances is essential so that the most vulnerable children and adolescents can be identified, and appropriate support can be implemented. METHODS: Participants were a convenience sample of parents and carers (n = 2,988) in the UK with children and adolescents aged between 4 and 16 years who completed an online survey about their child's mental health. Growth curve analysis was used to examine the changes in conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention, and emotional symptoms between the end of March/beginning of April and July using data from monthly assessments over four months. Additionally, growth mixture modelling identified mental health trajectories for conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention, and emotional symptoms separately, and subsequent regression models were used to estimate predictors of mental health trajectory membership. RESULTS: Overall levels of hyperactivity and conduct problems increased over time, whereas emotional symptoms remained relatively stable, though declined somewhat between June and July. Change over time varied according to child age, the presence of siblings, and with Special Educational Needs (SEN)/Neurodevelopmental Disorders (ND). Subsequent growth mixture modelling identified three, four, and five trajectories for hyperactivity/inattention, conduct problems, and emotional symptoms, respectively. Though many children maintained 'stable low' symptoms, others experienced elevated symptoms by July. These children were more likely to have a parent/carer with higher levels of psychological distress, to have SEN/ND, or to be younger in age. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support previous literature and highlight that certain risk factors were associated with poorer mental health trajectories for children and adolescents during the pandemic. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13490 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456

Health comorbidities and cognitive abilities across the lifespan in Down syndrome / Carla M. STARTIN in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 12 (2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 12 (2020) Titre : Health comorbidities and cognitive abilities across the lifespan in Down syndrome Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Carla M. STARTIN, Auteur ; Hana D'SOUZA, Auteur ; George BALL, Auteur ; Sarah HAMBURG, Auteur ; Rosalyn HITHERSAY, Auteur ; Kate M.O. HUGHES, Auteur ; Esha MASSAND, Auteur ; Annette KARMILOFF-SMITH, Auteur ; Michael S.C. THOMAS, Auteur ; LONDOWNS CONSORTIUM, Auteur ; Andre STRYDOM, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Aged  Aged, 80 and over  Child  Child, Preschool  Cognition  Comorbidity  Down Syndrome/epidemiology  Female  Humans  Infant  Language Development Disorders/epidemiology  Longevity  Male  Mental Disorders/epidemiology  Middle Aged  Sex Characteristics  United Kingdom/epidemiology  Young Adult  Cognitive outcomes  Down syndrome  Health comorbidities  Intellectual disability  Psychiatric comorbidities  Receptive language ability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Down syndrome (DS) is associated with variable intellectual disability and multiple health and psychiatric comorbidities. The impact of such comorbidities on cognitive outcomes is unknown. We aimed to describe patterns of physical health and psychiatric comorbidity prevalence, and receptive language ability, in DS across the lifespan, and determine relationships with cognitive outcomes. METHODS: Detailed medical histories were collected and cognitive abilities measured using standardised tests for 602 individuals with DS from England and Wales (age range 3 months to 73 years). Differences in prevalence rates between age groups and between males and females were determined using chi-squared or Fisher's exact tests. In adults, rates for psychiatric comorbidities were compared to expected population rates using standardised morbidity ratios (SMRs). Adapted ANCOVA functions were constructed to explore age and sex associations with receptive language ability across the lifespan, and regression analyses were performed to determine whether the presence of health comorbidities or physical phenotypes predicted cognitive abilities. RESULTS: Multiple comorbidities showed prevalence differences across the lifespan, though there were few sex differences. In adults, SMRs were increased in males and decreased in females with DS for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and anxiety. Further, SMRs were increased in both males and females with DS for dementia, autism, ADHD, and depression, with differences more pronounced in females for dementia and autism, and in males for depression. Across the lifespan, receptive language abilities increasingly deviated from age-typical levels, and males scored poorer than females. Only autism and epilepsy were associated with poorer cognitive ability in those aged 16-35 years, with no relationships for physical health comorbidities, including congenital heart defects. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate the prevalence of multiple comorbidities varies across the lifespan in DS, and in adults, rates for psychiatric comorbidities show different patterns for males and females relative to expected population rates. Further, most health comorbidities are not associated with poorer cognitive outcomes in DS, apart from autism and epilepsy. It is essential for clinicians to consider such differences to provide appropriate care and treatment for those with DS and to provide prognostic information relating to cognitive outcomes in those with comorbidities. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-019-9306-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=573 [article] Health comorbidities and cognitive abilities across the lifespan in Down syndrome [texte imprimé] / Carla M. STARTIN, Auteur ; Hana D'SOUZA, Auteur ; George BALL, Auteur ; Sarah HAMBURG, Auteur ; Rosalyn HITHERSAY, Auteur ; Kate M.O. HUGHES, Auteur ; Esha MASSAND, Auteur ; Annette KARMILOFF-SMITH, Auteur ; Michael S.C. THOMAS, Auteur ; LONDOWNS CONSORTIUM, Auteur ; Andre STRYDOM, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 12 (2020) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Aged  Aged, 80 and over  Child  Child, Preschool  Cognition  Comorbidity  Down Syndrome/epidemiology  Female  Humans  Infant  Language Development Disorders/epidemiology  Longevity  Male  Mental Disorders/epidemiology  Middle Aged  Sex Characteristics  United Kingdom/epidemiology  Young Adult  Cognitive outcomes  Down syndrome  Health comorbidities  Intellectual disability  Psychiatric comorbidities  Receptive language ability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Down syndrome (DS) is associated with variable intellectual disability and multiple health and psychiatric comorbidities. The impact of such comorbidities on cognitive outcomes is unknown. We aimed to describe patterns of physical health and psychiatric comorbidity prevalence, and receptive language ability, in DS across the lifespan, and determine relationships with cognitive outcomes. METHODS: Detailed medical histories were collected and cognitive abilities measured using standardised tests for 602 individuals with DS from England and Wales (age range 3 months to 73 years). Differences in prevalence rates between age groups and between males and females were determined using chi-squared or Fisher's exact tests. In adults, rates for psychiatric comorbidities were compared to expected population rates using standardised morbidity ratios (SMRs). Adapted ANCOVA functions were constructed to explore age and sex associations with receptive language ability across the lifespan, and regression analyses were performed to determine whether the presence of health comorbidities or physical phenotypes predicted cognitive abilities. RESULTS: Multiple comorbidities showed prevalence differences across the lifespan, though there were few sex differences. In adults, SMRs were increased in males and decreased in females with DS for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and anxiety. Further, SMRs were increased in both males and females with DS for dementia, autism, ADHD, and depression, with differences more pronounced in females for dementia and autism, and in males for depression. Across the lifespan, receptive language abilities increasingly deviated from age-typical levels, and males scored poorer than females. Only autism and epilepsy were associated with poorer cognitive ability in those aged 16-35 years, with no relationships for physical health comorbidities, including congenital heart defects. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate the prevalence of multiple comorbidities varies across the lifespan in DS, and in adults, rates for psychiatric comorbidities show different patterns for males and females relative to expected population rates. Further, most health comorbidities are not associated with poorer cognitive outcomes in DS, apart from autism and epilepsy. It is essential for clinicians to consider such differences to provide appropriate care and treatment for those with DS and to provide prognostic information relating to cognitive outcomes in those with comorbidities. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-019-9306-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=573

Risk factors for nonfatal self-harm and suicide among adolescents: two nested case-control studies conducted in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink / Lukasz CYBULSKI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1078-1088 Titre : Risk factors for nonfatal self-harm and suicide among adolescents: two nested case-control studies conducted in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lukasz CYBULSKI, Auteur ; Darren M. ASHCROFT, Auteur ; Matthew J. CARR, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur ; Carolyn A. CHEW-GRAHAM, Auteur ; Nav KAPUR, Auteur ; Roger T. WEBB, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1078-1088 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Case-Control Studies  Female  Humans  Male  Risk Factors  Self-Injurious Behavior/epidemiology/psychology  Suicide/prevention & control  United Kingdom/epidemiology  Adolescence  case-control  self-harm  suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The characteristics of adolescents who die by suicide have hitherto been examined in uncontrolled study designs, thereby precluding examination of risk factors. The degree to which antecedents of nonfatal self-harm and suicide at young age differ remains unknown. METHOD: We delineated two nested case-control studies of patients aged 10-19years using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink with interlinked hospital and national mortality records. Cases were adolescents who between 1st January 2003 and 31st December 2018 had died from suicide (N=324) - study 1; experienced their first self-harm episode (N=56,008) - study 2. In both studies, cases were matched on sex, age and practice-level deprivation quintile to 25 controls. By fitting conditional logistic regression, we examined how risks varied according to psychiatric diagnoses, prescribed psychotropic medication, patterns of clinical contact and area-level deprivation. RESULTS: Suicides occurred more often among boys (66%), but self-harm was more common in girls (68%). Most individuals who self-harmed or died from suicide presented to their GP at least once in the preceding year (85% and 75% respectively). Only a third of cases had one of the examined diagnostic categories recorded. Depression was most strongly associated with elevated risks for both outcomes (self-harm: OR 7.9; 95% CI 7.8-8.2; suicide: OR 7.4; 95% CI 5.5-9.9). Except for autism spectrum disorder, all other diagnostic categories were linked with similar risk elevations for self-harm as for suicide. Whilst self-harm risk rose incrementally with increasing levels of area-level deprivation, suicide risks did not. CONCLUSIONS: We observed few marked differences in risk factor profiles for nonfatal self-harm versus suicide. As most adolescents who had harmed themselves or died by suicide were known to services in the preceding year, their underlying pathology may not be adequately identified and treated. Our findings highlight the need for a multiagency approach to treatment and prevention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13552 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 [article] Risk factors for nonfatal self-harm and suicide among adolescents: two nested case-control studies conducted in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink [texte imprimé] / Lukasz CYBULSKI, Auteur ; Darren M. ASHCROFT, Auteur ; Matthew J. CARR, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur ; Carolyn A. CHEW-GRAHAM, Auteur ; Nav KAPUR, Auteur ; Roger T. WEBB, Auteur . - p.1078-1088. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1078-1088 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Case-Control Studies  Female  Humans  Male  Risk Factors  Self-Injurious Behavior/epidemiology/psychology  Suicide/prevention & control  United Kingdom/epidemiology  Adolescence  case-control  self-harm  suicide Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The characteristics of adolescents who die by suicide have hitherto been examined in uncontrolled study designs, thereby precluding examination of risk factors. The degree to which antecedents of nonfatal self-harm and suicide at young age differ remains unknown. METHOD: We delineated two nested case-control studies of patients aged 10-19years using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink with interlinked hospital and national mortality records. Cases were adolescents who between 1st January 2003 and 31st December 2018 had died from suicide (N=324) - study 1; experienced their first self-harm episode (N=56,008) - study 2. In both studies, cases were matched on sex, age and practice-level deprivation quintile to 25 controls. By fitting conditional logistic regression, we examined how risks varied according to psychiatric diagnoses, prescribed psychotropic medication, patterns of clinical contact and area-level deprivation. RESULTS: Suicides occurred more often among boys (66%), but self-harm was more common in girls (68%). Most individuals who self-harmed or died from suicide presented to their GP at least once in the preceding year (85% and 75% respectively). Only a third of cases had one of the examined diagnostic categories recorded. Depression was most strongly associated with elevated risks for both outcomes (self-harm: OR 7.9; 95% CI 7.8-8.2; suicide: OR 7.4; 95% CI 5.5-9.9). Except for autism spectrum disorder, all other diagnostic categories were linked with similar risk elevations for self-harm as for suicide. Whilst self-harm risk rose incrementally with increasing levels of area-level deprivation, suicide risks did not. CONCLUSIONS: We observed few marked differences in risk factor profiles for nonfatal self-harm versus suicide. As most adolescents who had harmed themselves or died by suicide were known to services in the preceding year, their underlying pathology may not be adequately identified and treated. Our findings highlight the need for a multiagency approach to treatment and prevention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13552 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486

Sex, ethnic and socioeconomic inequalities and trajectories in child and adolescent mental health in Australia and the UK: findings from national prospective longitudinal studies / Sonia TERHAAG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-10 (October 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-10 (October 2021) . - p.1255-1267 Titre : Sex, ethnic and socioeconomic inequalities and trajectories in child and adolescent mental health in Australia and the UK: findings from national prospective longitudinal studies Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sonia TERHAAG, Auteur ; Emla FITZSIMONS, Auteur ; Galina DARAGANOVA, Auteur ; Praveetha PATALAY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1255-1267 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Australia/epidemiology  Child  Child, Preschool  Cohort Studies  Ethnicity  Female  Humans  Longitudinal Studies  Male  Mental Health  Minority Groups  Prospective Studies  Socioeconomic Factors  United Kingdom/epidemiology  disadvantage  inequality  internalising  young people Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: This study investigates the sex, ethnic and socioeconomic inequalities in emotional difficulties over childhood and adolescence using longitudinal cohort studies in the UK and Australia. Estimating cross-national differences contributes to understanding of the consistency of inequalities in mental health across contexts. METHODS: Data from 19,748 participants in two contemporary representative samples in Australia (Growing Up in Australia: The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, n = 4,975) and UK (Millennium Cohort Study, n = 14,773) were used. Emotional difficulties were assessed using the parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire at ages 4/5, 6/7, 11/12 and 14/15 years and the self-reported Short Moods and Feelings Questionnaire at age 14/15. Latent Growth Curve Modelling was used to examine mental health over time. RESULTS: There were significant increases in emotional difficulties in both countries over time. Emotional difficulties were higher in Australian children at all ages. The gender gap in self-reported depressive symptoms at age 14/15 was larger in the UK (8% of UK and 13% of Australian boys were above the depression cut-off, compared with 23% of girls). Ethnic minority children had higher emotional difficulties at age 4/5 years in both countries, but over time this difference was no longer observed in Australia. In the UK, this reversed whereby at ages 11/12 and 14/15 ethnic minority children had lower symptoms than their White majority peers. Socioeconomic differences were more marked based on parent education and employment status in Australia and by parent income in the UK. UK children, children from White majority ethnicity and girls evidenced steeper worsening of symptoms from age 4/5 to 14/15 years. CONCLUSIONS: Even in two fairly similar countries (i.e. English-speaking, high-income, industrialised), the observed patterns of inequalities in mental health symptoms based on sociodemographics are not the same. Understanding country and context-specific drivers of different inequalities provides important insights to help reduce disparities in child and adolescent mental health. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13410 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456 [article] Sex, ethnic and socioeconomic inequalities and trajectories in child and adolescent mental health in Australia and the UK: findings from national prospective longitudinal studies [texte imprimé] / Sonia TERHAAG, Auteur ; Emla FITZSIMONS, Auteur ; Galina DARAGANOVA, Auteur ; Praveetha PATALAY, Auteur . - p.1255-1267. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-10 (October 2021) . - p.1255-1267 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Australia/epidemiology  Child  Child, Preschool  Cohort Studies  Ethnicity  Female  Humans  Longitudinal Studies  Male  Mental Health  Minority Groups  Prospective Studies  Socioeconomic Factors  United Kingdom/epidemiology  disadvantage  inequality  internalising  young people Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: This study investigates the sex, ethnic and socioeconomic inequalities in emotional difficulties over childhood and adolescence using longitudinal cohort studies in the UK and Australia. Estimating cross-national differences contributes to understanding of the consistency of inequalities in mental health across contexts. METHODS: Data from 19,748 participants in two contemporary representative samples in Australia (Growing Up in Australia: The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, n = 4,975) and UK (Millennium Cohort Study, n = 14,773) were used. Emotional difficulties were assessed using the parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire at ages 4/5, 6/7, 11/12 and 14/15 years and the self-reported Short Moods and Feelings Questionnaire at age 14/15. Latent Growth Curve Modelling was used to examine mental health over time. RESULTS: There were significant increases in emotional difficulties in both countries over time. Emotional difficulties were higher in Australian children at all ages. The gender gap in self-reported depressive symptoms at age 14/15 was larger in the UK (8% of UK and 13% of Australian boys were above the depression cut-off, compared with 23% of girls). Ethnic minority children had higher emotional difficulties at age 4/5 years in both countries, but over time this difference was no longer observed in Australia. In the UK, this reversed whereby at ages 11/12 and 14/15 ethnic minority children had lower symptoms than their White majority peers. Socioeconomic differences were more marked based on parent education and employment status in Australia and by parent income in the UK. UK children, children from White majority ethnicity and girls evidenced steeper worsening of symptoms from age 4/5 to 14/15 years. CONCLUSIONS: Even in two fairly similar countries (i.e. English-speaking, high-income, industrialised), the observed patterns of inequalities in mental health symptoms based on sociodemographics are not the same. Understanding country and context-specific drivers of different inequalities provides important insights to help reduce disparities in child and adolescent mental health. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13410 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456

The association between social camouflage and mental health among autistic people in Japan and the UK: a cross-cultural study / Fumiyo OSHIMA in Molecular Autism, 15 (2024)  

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The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adults with autism: a survey study across three countries / Danna OOMEN in Molecular Autism, 12 (2021)  

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The Role of Decision-Making in Psychological Wellbeing and Risky Behaviours in Autistic Adolescents Without ADHD: Longitudinal Evidence from the UK Millennium Cohort Study / Mariko HOSOZAWA in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-9 (September 2021)  

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