Association between rare, genetic variants linked to autism and ultrasonography fetal anomalies in children with autism spectrum disorder / Ohad REGEV in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 16 (2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 16 (2024) Titre : Association between rare, genetic variants linked to autism and ultrasonography fetal anomalies in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ohad REGEV, Auteur ; Apurba SHIL, Auteur ; Tal BRONSHTEIN, Auteur ; Amnon HADAR, Auteur ; Gal MEIRI, Auteur ; Dikla ZIGDON, Auteur ; Analya MICHAELOVSKI, Auteur ; Reli HERSHKOVITZ, Auteur ; Idan MENASHE, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans  Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics/diagnostic imaging  Female  Male  Ultrasonography, Prenatal  Child  Exome Sequencing  Pregnancy  Cross-Sectional Studies  Child, Preschool  Genetic Variation  Genetic Predisposition to Disease  Autism spectrum disorder  Congenital anomalies  Fetal development  Genetic mutations  Prenatal ultrasound  Ultrasonography fetal anomalies  Whole-exome sequencing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Recent evidence suggests that certain fetal anomalies detected upon prenatal ultrasound screenings are associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to identify genetic variants associated with fetal ultrasound anomalies (UFAs) in children with ASD. METHODS: The study included all children with ASD who are registered in the database of the Azrieli National Center of Autism and Neurodevelopment and for whom both prenatal ultrasound and whole exome sequencing (WES) data were available. We applied our in-house integrative bioinformatics pipeline, AutScore, to these WES data to prioritize rare, gene-disrupting variants (GDVs) probably contributing to ASD susceptibily. Univariate statistics and multivariable regression were used to assess the associations between UFAs and GDVs identified in these children. RESULTS: The study sample comprised 126 children, of whom 43 (34.1%) had at least one UFA detected in the prenatal ultrasound scan. A total of 87 candidate ASD genetic variants were detected in 60 children, with 24 (40%) children carrying multiple variants. Children with UFAs were more likely to have loss-of-function (LoF) mutations (aOR = 2.55, 95%CI: 1.13-5.80). This association was particularly noticeable when children with structural anomalies or children with UFAs in their head and brain scans were compared to children without UFAs (any mutation: aOR = 8.28, 95%CI: 2.29-30.01; LoF: aOR = 5.72, 95%CI: 2.08-15.71 and any mutation: aOR = 6.39, 95%CI: 1.34-30.47; LoF: aOR = 4.50, 95%CI: 1.32-15.35, respectively). GDVs associated with UFAs were enriched in genes highly expressed across all tissues (aOR = 2.76, 95%CI: 1.14-6.68). There was a weak, but significant, correlation between the number of mutations and the number of abnormalities detected in the same children (r = 0.21, P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: The results provide valuable insights into the potential genetic basis of prenatal organogenesis abnormalities associated with ASD and shed light on the complex interplay between genetic factors and fetal development. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-024-09573-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=576 [article] Association between rare, genetic variants linked to autism and ultrasonography fetal anomalies in children with autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Ohad REGEV, Auteur ; Apurba SHIL, Auteur ; Tal BRONSHTEIN, Auteur ; Amnon HADAR, Auteur ; Gal MEIRI, Auteur ; Dikla ZIGDON, Auteur ; Analya MICHAELOVSKI, Auteur ; Reli HERSHKOVITZ, Auteur ; Idan MENASHE, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 16 (2024) Mots-clés : Humans  Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics/diagnostic imaging  Female  Male  Ultrasonography, Prenatal  Child  Exome Sequencing  Pregnancy  Cross-Sectional Studies  Child, Preschool  Genetic Variation  Genetic Predisposition to Disease  Autism spectrum disorder  Congenital anomalies  Fetal development  Genetic mutations  Prenatal ultrasound  Ultrasonography fetal anomalies  Whole-exome sequencing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Recent evidence suggests that certain fetal anomalies detected upon prenatal ultrasound screenings are associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to identify genetic variants associated with fetal ultrasound anomalies (UFAs) in children with ASD. METHODS: The study included all children with ASD who are registered in the database of the Azrieli National Center of Autism and Neurodevelopment and for whom both prenatal ultrasound and whole exome sequencing (WES) data were available. We applied our in-house integrative bioinformatics pipeline, AutScore, to these WES data to prioritize rare, gene-disrupting variants (GDVs) probably contributing to ASD susceptibily. Univariate statistics and multivariable regression were used to assess the associations between UFAs and GDVs identified in these children. RESULTS: The study sample comprised 126 children, of whom 43 (34.1%) had at least one UFA detected in the prenatal ultrasound scan. A total of 87 candidate ASD genetic variants were detected in 60 children, with 24 (40%) children carrying multiple variants. Children with UFAs were more likely to have loss-of-function (LoF) mutations (aOR = 2.55, 95%CI: 1.13-5.80). This association was particularly noticeable when children with structural anomalies or children with UFAs in their head and brain scans were compared to children without UFAs (any mutation: aOR = 8.28, 95%CI: 2.29-30.01; LoF: aOR = 5.72, 95%CI: 2.08-15.71 and any mutation: aOR = 6.39, 95%CI: 1.34-30.47; LoF: aOR = 4.50, 95%CI: 1.32-15.35, respectively). GDVs associated with UFAs were enriched in genes highly expressed across all tissues (aOR = 2.76, 95%CI: 1.14-6.68). There was a weak, but significant, correlation between the number of mutations and the number of abnormalities detected in the same children (r = 0.21, P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: The results provide valuable insights into the potential genetic basis of prenatal organogenesis abnormalities associated with ASD and shed light on the complex interplay between genetic factors and fetal development. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-024-09573-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=576

Basic oculomotor function is similar in young children with ASD and typically developing controls / Inbar AVNI in Autism Research, 14-12 (December 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-12 (December 2021) . - p.2580-2591 Titre : Basic oculomotor function is similar in young children with ASD and typically developing controls Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Inbar AVNI, Auteur ; Gal MEIRI, Auteur ; Analya MICHAELOVSKI, Auteur ; Idan MENASHE, Auteur ; Lior SHMUELOF, Auteur ; Ilan DINSTEIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2580-2591 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Child, Preschool  Eye Movements  Humans  Infant  Saccades  eye position  eye tracking  gaze  kinematic characteristics  movies  oculomotor control  saccade Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A variety of eye tracking studies have demonstrated that young children with ASD gaze at images and movies of social interactions differently than typically developing children. These findings have supported the hypothesis that gaze behavior differences are generated by a weaker preference for social stimuli in ASD children. The hypothesis assumes that gaze differences are not caused by abnormalities in oculomotor function including saccade frequency and kinematics. Previous studies of oculomotor function have mostly been performed with school-age children, adolescents, and adults using visual search, anti-saccade, and gap saccade tasks that are less suitable for young pre-school children. Here, we examined oculomotor function in 144 children (90 with ASD and 54 controls), 1-10-years-old, as they watched two animated movies interleaved with the presentation of multiple salient stimuli that elicited saccades-to-targets. The results revealed that the number of fixations, fixation duration, number of saccades, saccade duration, saccade accuracy, and saccade latency did not differ significantly across groups. Minor initial differences in saccade peak velocity were not supported by analysis with a linear mixed model. These findings suggest that most children with ASD exhibit similar oculomotor function to that of controls, when performing saccades-to-targets or freely viewing child-friendly movies. This suggests that previously reported gaze abnormalities in children with ASD are not due to underlying oculomotor deficiencies. LAY SUMMARY: This study demonstrates that children with ASD perform similar eye movements to those of controls when freely observing movies or making eye movements to targets. Similar results were apparent across groups in the number of eye movements, their accuracy, duration, and other measures that assess eye movement control. These findings are important for interpreting previously reported differences in gaze behavior of children with ASD, which are likely due to atypical social preferences rather than impaired control of eye movements. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2592 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Basic oculomotor function is similar in young children with ASD and typically developing controls [texte imprimé] / Inbar AVNI, Auteur ; Gal MEIRI, Auteur ; Analya MICHAELOVSKI, Auteur ; Idan MENASHE, Auteur ; Lior SHMUELOF, Auteur ; Ilan DINSTEIN, Auteur . - p.2580-2591. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-12 (December 2021) . - p.2580-2591 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Child, Preschool  Eye Movements  Humans  Infant  Saccades  eye position  eye tracking  gaze  kinematic characteristics  movies  oculomotor control  saccade Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A variety of eye tracking studies have demonstrated that young children with ASD gaze at images and movies of social interactions differently than typically developing children. These findings have supported the hypothesis that gaze behavior differences are generated by a weaker preference for social stimuli in ASD children. The hypothesis assumes that gaze differences are not caused by abnormalities in oculomotor function including saccade frequency and kinematics. Previous studies of oculomotor function have mostly been performed with school-age children, adolescents, and adults using visual search, anti-saccade, and gap saccade tasks that are less suitable for young pre-school children. Here, we examined oculomotor function in 144 children (90 with ASD and 54 controls), 1-10-years-old, as they watched two animated movies interleaved with the presentation of multiple salient stimuli that elicited saccades-to-targets. The results revealed that the number of fixations, fixation duration, number of saccades, saccade duration, saccade accuracy, and saccade latency did not differ significantly across groups. Minor initial differences in saccade peak velocity were not supported by analysis with a linear mixed model. These findings suggest that most children with ASD exhibit similar oculomotor function to that of controls, when performing saccades-to-targets or freely viewing child-friendly movies. This suggests that previously reported gaze abnormalities in children with ASD are not due to underlying oculomotor deficiencies. LAY SUMMARY: This study demonstrates that children with ASD perform similar eye movements to those of controls when freely observing movies or making eye movements to targets. Similar results were apparent across groups in the number of eye movements, their accuracy, duration, and other measures that assess eye movement control. These findings are important for interpreting previously reported differences in gaze behavior of children with ASD, which are likely due to atypical social preferences rather than impaired control of eye movements. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2592 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

Breastfeeding patterns in infants are associated with a later diagnosis of autism Spectrum disorder / Rewaa BALAUM ; Einav ALHOZYEL ; Gal MEIRI ; Dikla ZIGDON ; Analya MICHAELOVSKI ; Orly KERUB ; Idan MENASHE in Autism Research, 17-8 (August 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 17-8 (August 2024) . - p.1696-1704 Titre : Breastfeeding patterns in infants are associated with a later diagnosis of autism Spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rewaa BALAUM, Auteur ; Einav ALHOZYEL, Auteur ; Gal MEIRI, Auteur ; Dikla ZIGDON, Auteur ; Analya MICHAELOVSKI, Auteur ; Orly KERUB, Auteur ; Idan MENASHE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1696-1704 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Breastfeeding is associated with medical and developmental benefits. This study aimed to assess associations between nutritional patterns in the first year of life and the likelihood of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). 270 children diagnosed with ASD (cases) and 500 neurotypical children (controls) matched to cases by sex, ethnicity, and birth date (+ 3 months) were included in this retrospective case-control study. Both groups were ascertained from children born between 2014 and 2017 whose development/nutrition were monitored at mother-child health clinics in southern Israel. Conditional logistic regression was used to determine the independent association of nutritional patterns with ASD while adjusting for socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. Both exclusive and partial breastfeeding modes were associated with decreased odds of ASD diagnosis (aOR = 0.221, 95%CI = 0.136-0.360; aOR = 0.494, 95%CI = 0.328-0.743, respectively). A breastfeeding duration of >12 months was associated with lower ASD odds (aOR = 0.418, 95%CI = 0.204-0.855), while the introduction of solids after 6 months of age was associated with higher ASD odds than the introduction of solids at 6 months (aOR = 2.455, 95%CI = 1.116-4.201). These findings suggest that a longer period of exclusive breastfeeding is associated with a subsequent reduced likelihood of ASD diagnosis, thus reiterating the importance of proper post-natal nutrition for infant neurodevelopment. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3211 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=533 [article] Breastfeeding patterns in infants are associated with a later diagnosis of autism Spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Rewaa BALAUM, Auteur ; Einav ALHOZYEL, Auteur ; Gal MEIRI, Auteur ; Dikla ZIGDON, Auteur ; Analya MICHAELOVSKI, Auteur ; Orly KERUB, Auteur ; Idan MENASHE, Auteur . - p.1696-1704. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 17-8 (August 2024) . - p.1696-1704 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Breastfeeding is associated with medical and developmental benefits. This study aimed to assess associations between nutritional patterns in the first year of life and the likelihood of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). 270 children diagnosed with ASD (cases) and 500 neurotypical children (controls) matched to cases by sex, ethnicity, and birth date (+ 3 months) were included in this retrospective case-control study. Both groups were ascertained from children born between 2014 and 2017 whose development/nutrition were monitored at mother-child health clinics in southern Israel. Conditional logistic regression was used to determine the independent association of nutritional patterns with ASD while adjusting for socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. Both exclusive and partial breastfeeding modes were associated with decreased odds of ASD diagnosis (aOR = 0.221, 95%CI = 0.136-0.360; aOR = 0.494, 95%CI = 0.328-0.743, respectively). A breastfeeding duration of >12 months was associated with lower ASD odds (aOR = 0.418, 95%CI = 0.204-0.855), while the introduction of solids after 6 months of age was associated with higher ASD odds than the introduction of solids at 6 months (aOR = 2.455, 95%CI = 1.116-4.201). These findings suggest that a longer period of exclusive breastfeeding is associated with a subsequent reduced likelihood of ASD diagnosis, thus reiterating the importance of proper post-natal nutrition for infant neurodevelopment. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3211 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=533

Children with autism exhibit similar longitudinal changes in core symptoms when placed in special or mainstream education settings / Michal ILAN in Autism, 27-6 (August 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-6 (August 2023) . - p.1628-1640 Titre : Children with autism exhibit similar longitudinal changes in core symptoms when placed in special or mainstream education settings Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Michal ILAN, Auteur ; Michal FAROY, Auteur ; Ditza ZACHOR, Auteur ; Liora MANELIS, Auteur ; Danel WAISSENGREEN, Auteur ; Analya MICHAELOVSKI, Auteur ; Inbar AVNI, Auteur ; Idan MENASHE, Auteur ; Judah KOLLER, Auteur ; Ilan DINSTEIN, Auteur ; Gal MEIRI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1628-1640 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders;core symptoms;education services;inclusion;mainstream education;preschool children;special education Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are often placed in inclusive mainstream education (ME) or exclusive special education (SE) settings. While ME settings usually offer less-intensive and structured intervention programs than SE settings, they offer more exposure to typically developing peers. A total of 121 children (2-5 years old) with ASD, 85 in SE and 36 in ME, completed two Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2nd edition (ADOS-2) assessments. Repeated-measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) analyses were used to assess longitudinal changes in ADOS-2 calibrated severity scores (CSS) and language production (estimated from the ADOS-2), while accounting for baseline cognitive scores, age of diagnosis, and parent-reported intensity of intervention. Longitudinal changes in ADOS CSS did not differ significantly across educational settings but were strongly associated with the age of diagnosis, demonstrating that children diagnosed earlier improved more regardless of educational settings. These findings suggest that children with ASD placed in SE and ME exhibit similar longitudinal changes in core ASD symptoms. Further studies comparing additional outcome measures such as cognitive abilities and adaptive behaviors are highly warranted for establishing placement recommendations and public health policies.Lay abstractToday, children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are placed in mainstream or special education settings somewhat arbitrarily with no clear clinical recommendations. Here, we compared changes in core ASD symptoms, as measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2nd edition (ADOS-2) clinical assessment, across ASD preschool children placed in special or mainstream education. Longitudinal changes in ADOS-2 scores did not differ significantly across settings over a 1- to 2-year period. While some children improved in core ASD symptoms, others deteriorated in both settings. This highlights the need to identify specific criteria for establishing meaningful placement recommendations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613221142394 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=509 [article] Children with autism exhibit similar longitudinal changes in core symptoms when placed in special or mainstream education settings [texte imprimé] / Michal ILAN, Auteur ; Michal FAROY, Auteur ; Ditza ZACHOR, Auteur ; Liora MANELIS, Auteur ; Danel WAISSENGREEN, Auteur ; Analya MICHAELOVSKI, Auteur ; Inbar AVNI, Auteur ; Idan MENASHE, Auteur ; Judah KOLLER, Auteur ; Ilan DINSTEIN, Auteur ; Gal MEIRI, Auteur . - p.1628-1640. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-6 (August 2023) . - p.1628-1640 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders;core symptoms;education services;inclusion;mainstream education;preschool children;special education Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are often placed in inclusive mainstream education (ME) or exclusive special education (SE) settings. While ME settings usually offer less-intensive and structured intervention programs than SE settings, they offer more exposure to typically developing peers. A total of 121 children (2-5 years old) with ASD, 85 in SE and 36 in ME, completed two Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2nd edition (ADOS-2) assessments. Repeated-measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) analyses were used to assess longitudinal changes in ADOS-2 calibrated severity scores (CSS) and language production (estimated from the ADOS-2), while accounting for baseline cognitive scores, age of diagnosis, and parent-reported intensity of intervention. Longitudinal changes in ADOS CSS did not differ significantly across educational settings but were strongly associated with the age of diagnosis, demonstrating that children diagnosed earlier improved more regardless of educational settings. These findings suggest that children with ASD placed in SE and ME exhibit similar longitudinal changes in core ASD symptoms. Further studies comparing additional outcome measures such as cognitive abilities and adaptive behaviors are highly warranted for establishing placement recommendations and public health policies.Lay abstractToday, children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are placed in mainstream or special education settings somewhat arbitrarily with no clear clinical recommendations. Here, we compared changes in core ASD symptoms, as measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2nd edition (ADOS-2) clinical assessment, across ASD preschool children placed in special or mainstream education. Longitudinal changes in ADOS-2 scores did not differ significantly across settings over a 1- to 2-year period. While some children improved in core ASD symptoms, others deteriorated in both settings. This highlights the need to identify specific criteria for establishing meaningful placement recommendations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613221142394 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=509

Children with autism observe social interactions in an idiosyncratic manner / Inbar AVNI in Autism Research, 13-6 (June 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-6 (June 2020) . - p.935-946 Titre : Children with autism observe social interactions in an idiosyncratic manner Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Inbar AVNI, Auteur ; Gal MEIRI, Auteur ; Asif BAR-SINAI, Auteur ; Doron REBOH, Auteur ; Liora MANELIS, Auteur ; Hagit FLUSSER, Auteur ; Analya MICHAELOVSKI, Auteur ; Idan MENASHE, Auteur ; Ilan DINSTEIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.935-946 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ecological  eye position  eye tracking  gaze  idiosyncrasy  movies  naturalistic  outcome measure  social  symptom severity  variability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous eye-tracking studies have reported that children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) fixate less on faces in comparison to controls. To properly understand social interactions, however, children must gaze not only at faces but also at actions, gestures, body movements, contextual details, and objects, thereby creating specific gaze patterns when observing specific social interactions. We presented three different movies with social interactions to 111 children (71 with ASD) who watched each of the movies twice. Typically developing children viewed the movies in a remarkably predictable and reproducible manner, exhibiting gaze patterns that were similar to the mean gaze pattern of other controls, with strong correlations across individuals (intersubject correlations) and across movie presentations (intra-subject correlations). In contrast, children with ASD exhibited significantly more variable/idiosyncratic gaze patterns that differed from the mean gaze pattern of controls and were weakly correlated across individuals and presentations. Most importantly, quantification of gaze idiosyncrasy in individual children enabled separation of ASD and control children with higher sensitivity and specificity than traditional measures such as time gazing at faces. Individual magnitudes of gaze idiosyncrasy were also significantly correlated with ASD severity and cognitive scores and were significantly correlated across movies and movie presentations, demonstrating clinical sensitivity and reliability. These results suggest that gaze idiosyncrasy is a potent behavioral abnormality that characterizes a considerable number of children with ASD and may contribute to their impaired development. Quantification of gaze idiosyncrasy in individual children may aid in assessing symptom severity and their change in response to treatments. Autism Res 2020, 13: 935-946. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Typically, developing children watch movies of social interactions in a reliable and predictable manner, attending faces, gestures, actions, body movements, and objects that are relevant to the social interaction and its narrative. Here, we demonstrate that children with ASD watch such movies with significantly more variable/idiosyncratic gaze patterns that differ across individuals and across movie presentations. We demonstrate that quantifying this gaze variability may aid in identifying children with ASD and in determining the severity of their symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2234 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=427 [article] Children with autism observe social interactions in an idiosyncratic manner [texte imprimé] / Inbar AVNI, Auteur ; Gal MEIRI, Auteur ; Asif BAR-SINAI, Auteur ; Doron REBOH, Auteur ; Liora MANELIS, Auteur ; Hagit FLUSSER, Auteur ; Analya MICHAELOVSKI, Auteur ; Idan MENASHE, Auteur ; Ilan DINSTEIN, Auteur . - p.935-946. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-6 (June 2020) . - p.935-946 Mots-clés : ecological  eye position  eye tracking  gaze  idiosyncrasy  movies  naturalistic  outcome measure  social  symptom severity  variability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Previous eye-tracking studies have reported that children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) fixate less on faces in comparison to controls. To properly understand social interactions, however, children must gaze not only at faces but also at actions, gestures, body movements, contextual details, and objects, thereby creating specific gaze patterns when observing specific social interactions. We presented three different movies with social interactions to 111 children (71 with ASD) who watched each of the movies twice. Typically developing children viewed the movies in a remarkably predictable and reproducible manner, exhibiting gaze patterns that were similar to the mean gaze pattern of other controls, with strong correlations across individuals (intersubject correlations) and across movie presentations (intra-subject correlations). In contrast, children with ASD exhibited significantly more variable/idiosyncratic gaze patterns that differed from the mean gaze pattern of controls and were weakly correlated across individuals and presentations. Most importantly, quantification of gaze idiosyncrasy in individual children enabled separation of ASD and control children with higher sensitivity and specificity than traditional measures such as time gazing at faces. Individual magnitudes of gaze idiosyncrasy were also significantly correlated with ASD severity and cognitive scores and were significantly correlated across movies and movie presentations, demonstrating clinical sensitivity and reliability. These results suggest that gaze idiosyncrasy is a potent behavioral abnormality that characterizes a considerable number of children with ASD and may contribute to their impaired development. Quantification of gaze idiosyncrasy in individual children may aid in assessing symptom severity and their change in response to treatments. Autism Res 2020, 13: 935-946. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Typically, developing children watch movies of social interactions in a reliable and predictable manner, attending faces, gestures, actions, body movements, and objects that are relevant to the social interaction and its narrative. Here, we demonstrate that children with ASD watch such movies with significantly more variable/idiosyncratic gaze patterns that differ across individuals and across movie presentations. We demonstrate that quantifying this gaze variability may aid in identifying children with ASD and in determining the severity of their symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2234 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=427

Ethnic Disparities in the Diagnosis of Autism in Southern Israel / Orly KERUB in Autism Research, 14-1 (January 2021)  

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Exposure to General Anesthesia May Contribute to the Association between Cesarean Delivery and Autism Spectrum Disorder / Maayan HUBERMAN SAMUEL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-8 (August 2019)  

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Factors Affecting Family Compliance with Genetic Testing of Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Yonah HENDEL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-4 (April 2021)  

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False Interpretation of Scientific Data Leads to Biased Conclusions About the Association Between Cesarean Deliveries Under General Anesthesia and Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder / Idan MENASHE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50-7 (July 2020)  

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Idiosyncratic pupil regulation in autistic children / Isabel H. BLEIMEISTER in Autism Research, 17-12 (December 2024)  

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Language regression is associated with faster early motor development in children with autism spectrum disorder / Liora MANELIS in Autism Research, 13-1 (January 2020)  

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Sleep Disturbances and Sensory Sensitivities Co-Vary in a Longitudinal Manner in Pre-School Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders / Liora MANELIS-BARAM in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-2 (February 2022)  

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Sleep disturbances are associated with greater healthcare utilization in children with autism spectrum disorder / Shirley SOLOMON in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 16 (2024)  

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Sleep disturbances are associated with irritability in ASD children with sensory sensitivities / Alona MOLCHO-HAIMOVICH in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 15 (2023)  

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Sleep disturbances are associated with specific sensory sensitivities in children with autism / Orna TZISCHINSKY in Molecular Autism, 9 (2018)  

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