Maternal Vitamin D Levels During Pregnancy in Association With Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) or Intellectual Disability (ID) in Offspring; Exploring Non-linear Patterns and Demographic Sub-groups / Gayle C. WINDHAM in Autism Research, 13-12 (December 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-12 (December 2020) . - p.2216-2229 Titre : Maternal Vitamin D Levels During Pregnancy in Association With Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) or Intellectual Disability (ID) in Offspring; Exploring Non-linear Patterns and Demographic Sub-groups Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gayle C. WINDHAM, Auteur ; Michelle PEARL, Auteur ; Victor POON, Auteur ; Kimberly BERGER, Auteur ; Jasmine W. SORIANO, Auteur ; Darryl EYLES, Auteur ; Kristen LYALL, Auteur ; Martin KHARRAZI, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2216-2229 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : 25(oh)d  Asd  autism  hydroxy-vitamin D  intellectual disability  race/ethnic differences  sex differences  vitamin D Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Increasing vitamin D deficiency and evidence for vitamin D's role in brain and immune function have recently led to studies of neurodevelopment; however, few are specific to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and vitamin D in pregnancy, a likely susceptibility period. We examined this in a case-control study of 2000-2003 Southern Californian births; ASD and intellectual disability (ID) were identified through the Department of Developmental Services and controls from birth certificates (N =?534, 181, and 421, respectively, in this analysis). Total 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured in mid-pregnancy serum, categorized as deficient (<50?nmol/L), insufficient (50-74?nmol/L), or sufficient (?75?nmol/L, referent category), and examined continuously (per 25?nmol/L). Crude and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. Non-linearity was examined with cubic splines. AORs (95% CI) for ASD were 0.79 (0.49-1.3) for maternal deficiency (9.5%), 0.93 (0.68-1.3) for insufficiency (25.6%), and 0.95 (0.86, 1.05) for linear continuous 25(OH)D. Results were similarly null for ASD with or without ID, and ID only. Interactions were observed; non-Hispanic whites (NHW) (AOR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.69-0.98) and males (AOR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.80-0.99) had protective associations for ASD with continuous 25(OH)D. A positive association with ASD was observed in females (AOR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.06-1.85). With splines, a non-linear inverted j-shaped pattern was seen overall (P =?0.009 for non-linearity), with the peak around 100?nmol/L; a non-linear pattern was not observed among NHW, females, nor for ID. Our findings from a large study of ASD and prenatal vitamin D levels indicate that further research is needed to investigate non-linear patterns and potentially vulnerable sub-groups. LAY SUMMARY: We studied whether mothers' vitamin D levels during pregnancy were related to their children having autism (or low IQ) later. Low vitamin D levels were not related to greater risk of autism or low IQ in children overall. With higher levels of mothers' vitamin D, risk of autism went down in boys, but went up in girls. Risk of autism also went down in children of non-Hispanic white mothers with higher vitamin D levels, but we did not find a relation in other race/ethnic groups. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2424 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=434 [article] Maternal Vitamin D Levels During Pregnancy in Association With Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) or Intellectual Disability (ID) in Offspring; Exploring Non-linear Patterns and Demographic Sub-groups [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gayle C. WINDHAM, Auteur ; Michelle PEARL, Auteur ; Victor POON, Auteur ; Kimberly BERGER, Auteur ; Jasmine W. SORIANO, Auteur ; Darryl EYLES, Auteur ; Kristen LYALL, Auteur ; Martin KHARRAZI, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur . - p.2216-2229. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-12 (December 2020) . - p.2216-2229 Mots-clés : 25(oh)d  Asd  autism  hydroxy-vitamin D  intellectual disability  race/ethnic differences  sex differences  vitamin D Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Increasing vitamin D deficiency and evidence for vitamin D's role in brain and immune function have recently led to studies of neurodevelopment; however, few are specific to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and vitamin D in pregnancy, a likely susceptibility period. We examined this in a case-control study of 2000-2003 Southern Californian births; ASD and intellectual disability (ID) were identified through the Department of Developmental Services and controls from birth certificates (N =?534, 181, and 421, respectively, in this analysis). Total 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured in mid-pregnancy serum, categorized as deficient (<50?nmol/L), insufficient (50-74?nmol/L), or sufficient (?75?nmol/L, referent category), and examined continuously (per 25?nmol/L). Crude and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. Non-linearity was examined with cubic splines. AORs (95% CI) for ASD were 0.79 (0.49-1.3) for maternal deficiency (9.5%), 0.93 (0.68-1.3) for insufficiency (25.6%), and 0.95 (0.86, 1.05) for linear continuous 25(OH)D. Results were similarly null for ASD with or without ID, and ID only. Interactions were observed; non-Hispanic whites (NHW) (AOR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.69-0.98) and males (AOR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.80-0.99) had protective associations for ASD with continuous 25(OH)D. A positive association with ASD was observed in females (AOR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.06-1.85). With splines, a non-linear inverted j-shaped pattern was seen overall (P =?0.009 for non-linearity), with the peak around 100?nmol/L; a non-linear pattern was not observed among NHW, females, nor for ID. Our findings from a large study of ASD and prenatal vitamin D levels indicate that further research is needed to investigate non-linear patterns and potentially vulnerable sub-groups. LAY SUMMARY: We studied whether mothers' vitamin D levels during pregnancy were related to their children having autism (or low IQ) later. Low vitamin D levels were not related to greater risk of autism or low IQ in children overall. With higher levels of mothers' vitamin D, risk of autism went down in boys, but went up in girls. Risk of autism also went down in children of non-Hispanic white mothers with higher vitamin D levels, but we did not find a relation in other race/ethnic groups. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2424 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=434

Neonatal Thyroid Stimulating Hormone and Subsequent Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders and Intellectual Disability / Jennifer L. AMES in Autism Research, 13-3 (March 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-3 (March 2020) . - p.444-455 Titre : Neonatal Thyroid Stimulating Hormone and Subsequent Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders and Intellectual Disability Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jennifer L. AMES, Auteur ; Gayle C. WINDHAM, Auteur ; Kristen LYALL, Auteur ; Michelle PEARL, Auteur ; Martin KHARRAZI, Auteur ; Cathleen K. YOSHIDA, Auteur ; Judy VAN DE WATER, Auteur ; Paul ASHWOOD, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.444-455 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asd  autism  intellectual disability  neonatal  thyroid  thyroid-stimulating hormone Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Hypothyroid conditions in early life, if left untreated, are associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, including intellectual disability (ID). However, evidence addressing the role of neonatal thyroid hormone insufficiencies in the altered neurobiology underlying autism spectrum disorders (ASD), particularly among its subphenotypes, is limited. We conducted a population-based, case-control study among a sample of children born during 2000-2003 in Southern California. We examined neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) measured during routine newborn screening among children later diagnosed with ASD (n = 518) or ID (n = 145) and general population (GP) controls (n = 399). TSH was further analyzed in relation to ASD subgroups of intellectual ability and onset type (early-onset ASD vs. ASD with regression) ascertained by expert review of developmental services records. Odds ratios (ORs) of the differences in TSH between groups were obtained from multivariate logistic regression. We examined neonatal TSH as continuous (ln-transformed) and as quartiles. We found no association between continuous neonatal TSH levels and ASD (adj-OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.79-1.26) nor ID (adj-OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.73-1.40). Among ASD subphenotypes, we observed a suggestive inverse trend between ASD with regression and TSH, though the association only reached statistical significance in the highest TSH quartile (adj-OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.26-0.98). While there was little evidence that neonatal TSH is related to overall ASD risk, more work is needed to understand the influence of thyroid hormones on ASD subphenotypes. Autism Res 2020, 13: 444-455. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research,Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Low levels of thyroid hormone at birth can negatively impact brain development. We studied whether newborn levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and its subtypes in a sample of children born in California. Newborn TSH was not related to the overall risk of ASD or intellectual disability. However, the relationships of thyroid hormone levels at birth and specific subtypes of ASD, particularly ASD with developmental regression, may need more research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2247 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=421 [article] Neonatal Thyroid Stimulating Hormone and Subsequent Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders and Intellectual Disability [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jennifer L. AMES, Auteur ; Gayle C. WINDHAM, Auteur ; Kristen LYALL, Auteur ; Michelle PEARL, Auteur ; Martin KHARRAZI, Auteur ; Cathleen K. YOSHIDA, Auteur ; Judy VAN DE WATER, Auteur ; Paul ASHWOOD, Auteur ; Lisa A. CROEN, Auteur . - p.444-455. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-3 (March 2020) . - p.444-455 Mots-clés : Asd  autism  intellectual disability  neonatal  thyroid  thyroid-stimulating hormone Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Hypothyroid conditions in early life, if left untreated, are associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, including intellectual disability (ID). However, evidence addressing the role of neonatal thyroid hormone insufficiencies in the altered neurobiology underlying autism spectrum disorders (ASD), particularly among its subphenotypes, is limited. We conducted a population-based, case-control study among a sample of children born during 2000-2003 in Southern California. We examined neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) measured during routine newborn screening among children later diagnosed with ASD (n = 518) or ID (n = 145) and general population (GP) controls (n = 399). TSH was further analyzed in relation to ASD subgroups of intellectual ability and onset type (early-onset ASD vs. ASD with regression) ascertained by expert review of developmental services records. Odds ratios (ORs) of the differences in TSH between groups were obtained from multivariate logistic regression. We examined neonatal TSH as continuous (ln-transformed) and as quartiles. We found no association between continuous neonatal TSH levels and ASD (adj-OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.79-1.26) nor ID (adj-OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.73-1.40). Among ASD subphenotypes, we observed a suggestive inverse trend between ASD with regression and TSH, though the association only reached statistical significance in the highest TSH quartile (adj-OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.26-0.98). While there was little evidence that neonatal TSH is related to overall ASD risk, more work is needed to understand the influence of thyroid hormones on ASD subphenotypes. Autism Res 2020, 13: 444-455. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research,Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Low levels of thyroid hormone at birth can negatively impact brain development. We studied whether newborn levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and its subtypes in a sample of children born in California. Newborn TSH was not related to the overall risk of ASD or intellectual disability. However, the relationships of thyroid hormone levels at birth and specific subtypes of ASD, particularly ASD with developmental regression, may need more research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2247 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=421

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Newborn Bloodspots: Associations With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Correlation With Maternal Serum Levels / Anna BOSTWICK in Autism Research, 13-9 (September 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-9 (September 2020) . - p.1601-1613 Titre : Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Newborn Bloodspots: Associations With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Correlation With Maternal Serum Levels Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anna BOSTWICK, Auteur ; Nathaniel W. SNYDER, Auteur ; Gayle C. WINDHAM, Auteur ; Casey WHITMAN, Auteur ; Michelle PEARL, Auteur ; Lucy ROBINSON, Auteur ; Craig J. NEWSCHAFFER, Auteur ; Kristen LYALL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1601-1613 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We conducted a population-based case–control study to examine newborn polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels in association with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and assess PUFA correlation across two time points. ASD cases (n = 200) were identified through the Department of Developmental Services and matched to live-birth population controls (n = 200) on birth month, year (2010–2011), and sex. Nonesterified PUFAs were measured by isotope dilution liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry from archived newborn dried blood spots and maternal mid-pregnancy serum samples. Crude and adjusted conditional logistic regression models were used to examine the association between neonatal PUFA levels, categorized in quartiles and according to distributional extremes, and ASD. Cubic splines were utilized to examine nonlinear relationships between continuous neonatal PUFAs and ASD. The correlation between neonatal and maternal levels was examined using Pearson correlation coefficients. In adjusted analyses of neonatal PUFA levels, no clear trends emerged, though there was an elevated odds ratio of ASD for the third quartile of linoleic acid, relative to the first (adjusted odds ratio = 2.49, 95% confidence interval: 1.31, 4.70). Cubic spline analysis suggested a nonlinear association between linoleic acid and ASD, though this was not robust to sensitivity analyses. While individual PUFAs were significantly correlated with one another within a given time point, aside from docohexaseanoic acid, PUFAs were not correlated across maternal and neonatal samples. Overall, our findings do not support an association between neonatal PUFA levels and ASD. Future work should confirm and expand these findings by examining associations with phenotypic subgroups and considering PUFAs in other time points. Lay Summary In this study, we examined whether levels of fats known as polyunsaturated fatty acids, measured in newborns, were related to later child diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Overall, we did not find strong evidence for hypothesized reduction in risk of ASD based on newborn levels of these fats. Future studies in larger samples and considering other time points may be useful to explain whether these fats are important in brain development related to ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1601–1613. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2365 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431 [article] Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Newborn Bloodspots: Associations With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Correlation With Maternal Serum Levels [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anna BOSTWICK, Auteur ; Nathaniel W. SNYDER, Auteur ; Gayle C. WINDHAM, Auteur ; Casey WHITMAN, Auteur ; Michelle PEARL, Auteur ; Lucy ROBINSON, Auteur ; Craig J. NEWSCHAFFER, Auteur ; Kristen LYALL, Auteur . - p.1601-1613. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-9 (September 2020) . - p.1601-1613 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We conducted a population-based case–control study to examine newborn polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels in association with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and assess PUFA correlation across two time points. ASD cases (n = 200) were identified through the Department of Developmental Services and matched to live-birth population controls (n = 200) on birth month, year (2010–2011), and sex. Nonesterified PUFAs were measured by isotope dilution liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry from archived newborn dried blood spots and maternal mid-pregnancy serum samples. Crude and adjusted conditional logistic regression models were used to examine the association between neonatal PUFA levels, categorized in quartiles and according to distributional extremes, and ASD. Cubic splines were utilized to examine nonlinear relationships between continuous neonatal PUFAs and ASD. The correlation between neonatal and maternal levels was examined using Pearson correlation coefficients. In adjusted analyses of neonatal PUFA levels, no clear trends emerged, though there was an elevated odds ratio of ASD for the third quartile of linoleic acid, relative to the first (adjusted odds ratio = 2.49, 95% confidence interval: 1.31, 4.70). Cubic spline analysis suggested a nonlinear association between linoleic acid and ASD, though this was not robust to sensitivity analyses. While individual PUFAs were significantly correlated with one another within a given time point, aside from docohexaseanoic acid, PUFAs were not correlated across maternal and neonatal samples. Overall, our findings do not support an association between neonatal PUFA levels and ASD. Future work should confirm and expand these findings by examining associations with phenotypic subgroups and considering PUFAs in other time points. Lay Summary In this study, we examined whether levels of fats known as polyunsaturated fatty acids, measured in newborns, were related to later child diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Overall, we did not find strong evidence for hypothesized reduction in risk of ASD based on newborn levels of these fats. Future studies in larger samples and considering other time points may be useful to explain whether these fats are important in brain development related to ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1601–1613. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2365 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431

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