Arousal-modulated memory encoding and retrieval in adults with autism spectrum disorder / Nico BAST in Autism Research, 15-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-9 (September 2022) . - p.1609-1620 Titre : Arousal-modulated memory encoding and retrieval in adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nico BAST, Auteur ; Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Melanie RING, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1609-1620 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Arousal/physiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Humans  Locus Coeruleus  Pupil/physiology  Recognition, Psychology  Asd  locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system  memory  pupillometry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recently, we have shown that pupil dilation during a recognition memory task can serve as an index of memory retrieval difficulties in autism. At the time of publication, we were unaware of specific data-analysis methods that can be used to shed further light on the origins of such memory related pupil dilation. Specifically, by distinguishing "tonic" from "phasic" changes in pupil dilation and considering their temporal progression, it is possible to draw inferences about the functional integrity of a locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system (LC-NE) that is known to play a key role in regulating memory encoding and retrieval processes. We therefore apply these analyses to our previously published eye-tracking data of adults with ASD (N = 24) and neurotypical development (TD, N = 30) during the recognition memory task. In this re-analysis, we related pupil dilation during encoding and retrieval to recognition accuracy in a per-trial analysis of linear mixed models. In ASD, we replicated attenuated recognition accuracy, which was accompanied by attenuated pupil dilation during encoding and retrieval. Group differences in pupil dilation during retrieval occurred late during the trial (after 1.75s) and indicated an altered top-down processing like attenuated attribution of semantic salience in response to previously encoded stimuli. In addition, only in the ASD group were higher pupil dilation during encoding and lower pupil dilation during retrieval associated with decreased recognition accuracy. This supports altered modulation of memory encoding and retrieval in ASD, with LC-NE phasic activity as promising underlying mechanism. LAY SUMMARY: We investigated the changes of pupil size during memory testing in autism spectrum disorder. Adults with ASD remembered fewer items correctly than neurotypical individuals (TD). This reduced memory was related to increased pupillary responses at study and decreased pupil dilation at test only for adults with ASD indicating a different modulation of memory by the locus coeruleus. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2784 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=483 [article] Arousal-modulated memory encoding and retrieval in adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nico BAST, Auteur ; Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Melanie RING, Auteur . - p.1609-1620. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-9 (September 2022) . - p.1609-1620 Mots-clés : Adult  Arousal/physiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Humans  Locus Coeruleus  Pupil/physiology  Recognition, Psychology  Asd  locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system  memory  pupillometry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recently, we have shown that pupil dilation during a recognition memory task can serve as an index of memory retrieval difficulties in autism. At the time of publication, we were unaware of specific data-analysis methods that can be used to shed further light on the origins of such memory related pupil dilation. Specifically, by distinguishing "tonic" from "phasic" changes in pupil dilation and considering their temporal progression, it is possible to draw inferences about the functional integrity of a locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system (LC-NE) that is known to play a key role in regulating memory encoding and retrieval processes. We therefore apply these analyses to our previously published eye-tracking data of adults with ASD (N = 24) and neurotypical development (TD, N = 30) during the recognition memory task. In this re-analysis, we related pupil dilation during encoding and retrieval to recognition accuracy in a per-trial analysis of linear mixed models. In ASD, we replicated attenuated recognition accuracy, which was accompanied by attenuated pupil dilation during encoding and retrieval. Group differences in pupil dilation during retrieval occurred late during the trial (after 1.75s) and indicated an altered top-down processing like attenuated attribution of semantic salience in response to previously encoded stimuli. In addition, only in the ASD group were higher pupil dilation during encoding and lower pupil dilation during retrieval associated with decreased recognition accuracy. This supports altered modulation of memory encoding and retrieval in ASD, with LC-NE phasic activity as promising underlying mechanism. LAY SUMMARY: We investigated the changes of pupil size during memory testing in autism spectrum disorder. Adults with ASD remembered fewer items correctly than neurotypical individuals (TD). This reduced memory was related to increased pupillary responses at study and decreased pupil dilation at test only for adults with ASD indicating a different modulation of memory by the locus coeruleus. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2784 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=483

Pupil dilation during visuospatial orienting differentiates between autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder / Sara BOXHOORN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-5 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-5 (May 2020) . - p.614-624 Titre : Pupil dilation during visuospatial orienting differentiates between autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sara BOXHOORN, Auteur ; Nico BAST, Auteur ; Hans SUPER, Auteur ; Leonie POLZER, Auteur ; Hannah CHOLEMKERY, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.614-624 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention  LC-NE system  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  pupil dilation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Previous research demonstrated atypical attention in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Regarding visual orienting, findings suggest a differential impairment: Atypical orienting to relatively unexpected targets in ASD, and atypical processing of alerting cues in ADHD. The locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system plays an important role in exploiting alerting cues to increase attention and task performance. The present study's aim was to examine differential subcortical processes underlying visual orienting in ASD and ADHD with pupil dilation (PD) as index of LC activity. METHODS: Pupil dilation (PD) progression metrics during visual orienting were calculated for task-evoked PD locked to cue, stimulus onset, and behavioral response. Group differences in PD and reaction time (RT) were compared between children with ASD without ADHD (ASD-) (N = 18), ADHD without ASD (ADHD-) (N = 28), both disorders (ASD + ADHD) (N = 14), and typically developing children (TD) (N = 31) using linear mixed models (LMM). To further explore the modulatory role of the LC-NE system group differences in the effect of task-evoked PD metrics on RT were examined exploratively. RESULTS: ASD (+ADHD) showed slower orienting responses to relatively unexpected spatial target stimuli as compared to TD, which was accompanied by higher PD amplitudes relative to ADHD- and TD. In ADHD-, shorter cue-evoked PD latencies relative to ASD-, ASD + ADHD, and TD were found. Group differences in the effect of cue- and stimulus-evoked PD amplitudes on RT were found in ASD- relative to TD. CONCLUSIONS: Study findings provide new evidence for a specific role of the LC-NE system in impaired reflexive orienting responses in ASD, and atypical visual processing of alerting cues in ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13179 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Pupil dilation during visuospatial orienting differentiates between autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sara BOXHOORN, Auteur ; Nico BAST, Auteur ; Hans SUPER, Auteur ; Leonie POLZER, Auteur ; Hannah CHOLEMKERY, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur . - p.614-624. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-5 (May 2020) . - p.614-624 Mots-clés : Attention  LC-NE system  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  pupil dilation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Previous research demonstrated atypical attention in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Regarding visual orienting, findings suggest a differential impairment: Atypical orienting to relatively unexpected targets in ASD, and atypical processing of alerting cues in ADHD. The locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system plays an important role in exploiting alerting cues to increase attention and task performance. The present study's aim was to examine differential subcortical processes underlying visual orienting in ASD and ADHD with pupil dilation (PD) as index of LC activity. METHODS: Pupil dilation (PD) progression metrics during visual orienting were calculated for task-evoked PD locked to cue, stimulus onset, and behavioral response. Group differences in PD and reaction time (RT) were compared between children with ASD without ADHD (ASD-) (N = 18), ADHD without ASD (ADHD-) (N = 28), both disorders (ASD + ADHD) (N = 14), and typically developing children (TD) (N = 31) using linear mixed models (LMM). To further explore the modulatory role of the LC-NE system group differences in the effect of task-evoked PD metrics on RT were examined exploratively. RESULTS: ASD (+ADHD) showed slower orienting responses to relatively unexpected spatial target stimuli as compared to TD, which was accompanied by higher PD amplitudes relative to ADHD- and TD. In ADHD-, shorter cue-evoked PD latencies relative to ASD-, ASD + ADHD, and TD were found. Group differences in the effect of cue- and stimulus-evoked PD amplitudes on RT were found in ASD- relative to TD. CONCLUSIONS: Study findings provide new evidence for a specific role of the LC-NE system in impaired reflexive orienting responses in ASD, and atypical visual processing of alerting cues in ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13179 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

Pupil Dilation Progression Modulates Aberrant Social Cognition in Autism Spectrum Disorder / Nico BAST in Autism Research, 12-11 (November 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-11 (November 2019) . - p.1680-1692 Titre : Pupil Dilation Progression Modulates Aberrant Social Cognition in Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nico BAST, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; I. DZIOBEK, Auteur ; Daniel BRANDEIS, Auteur ; L. POUSTKA, Auteur ; C. M. FREITAG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1680-1692 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : attention modulation  biomarker  eye tracking  pupillary reactivity  sensory processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Progression of pupil dilation (PD) in response to visual stimuli may indicate distinct internal processes. No study has been performed on PD progression during a social cognition task. Here, we describe PD progression during the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC) test in n = 23 adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and n = 24 age, IQ and sex-matched neurotypical controls (NTC). The MASC consists of 43 video sequences depicting human social interactions, each followed by a multiple-choice question concerning characters' mental states. PD progression data were extracted by eye tracking and controlled for fixation behavior. Segmenting PD progression during video sequences by principal component analysis, three sequential PD components were unveiled. In ASD compared with NTC, a distinct PD progression was observed with increased constriction amplitude, increased dilation latency, and increased dilation amplitude that correlated with PD progression components. These components predicted social cognition performance. The first and second PD components correlated positively with MASC behavioral performance in ASD but negatively in NTC. These PD components may be interpreted as indicators of sensory-perceptual processing and attention function. In ASD, aberrant sensory-perceptual processing and attention function could contribute to attenuated social cognition performance. This needs to be tested by additional studies combining the respective cognitive tests and the outlined PD progression analysis. Phasic activity of the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system is discussed as putatively shared underlying mechanism. Autism Res2019. (c) 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: In adolescents with autism, we found an altered pupil dilation during watching scenes of human interactions. Early pupil dilation correlated positively with the number of correct answers to questions about the shown human interactions. Our findings suggest that aberrant sensory processing and attention function may contribute to altered social cognition in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2178 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=412 [article] Pupil Dilation Progression Modulates Aberrant Social Cognition in Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nico BAST, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; I. DZIOBEK, Auteur ; Daniel BRANDEIS, Auteur ; L. POUSTKA, Auteur ; C. M. FREITAG, Auteur . - p.1680-1692. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-11 (November 2019) . - p.1680-1692 Mots-clés : attention modulation  biomarker  eye tracking  pupillary reactivity  sensory processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Progression of pupil dilation (PD) in response to visual stimuli may indicate distinct internal processes. No study has been performed on PD progression during a social cognition task. Here, we describe PD progression during the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC) test in n = 23 adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and n = 24 age, IQ and sex-matched neurotypical controls (NTC). The MASC consists of 43 video sequences depicting human social interactions, each followed by a multiple-choice question concerning characters' mental states. PD progression data were extracted by eye tracking and controlled for fixation behavior. Segmenting PD progression during video sequences by principal component analysis, three sequential PD components were unveiled. In ASD compared with NTC, a distinct PD progression was observed with increased constriction amplitude, increased dilation latency, and increased dilation amplitude that correlated with PD progression components. These components predicted social cognition performance. The first and second PD components correlated positively with MASC behavioral performance in ASD but negatively in NTC. These PD components may be interpreted as indicators of sensory-perceptual processing and attention function. In ASD, aberrant sensory-perceptual processing and attention function could contribute to attenuated social cognition performance. This needs to be tested by additional studies combining the respective cognitive tests and the outlined PD progression analysis. Phasic activity of the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system is discussed as putatively shared underlying mechanism. Autism Res2019. (c) 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: In adolescents with autism, we found an altered pupil dilation during watching scenes of human interactions. Early pupil dilation correlated positively with the number of correct answers to questions about the shown human interactions. Our findings suggest that aberrant sensory processing and attention function may contribute to altered social cognition in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2178 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=412

Pupillometric measures of altered stimulus-evoked locus coeruleus-norepinephrine activity explain attenuated social attention in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder / Leonie POLZER in Autism Research, 15-11 (November 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-11 (November 2022) . - p.2167-2180 Titre : Pupillometric measures of altered stimulus-evoked locus coeruleus-norepinephrine activity explain attenuated social attention in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Leonie POLZER, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Nico BAST, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2167-2180 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child  Humans  Child, Preschool  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Locus Coeruleus  Norepinephrine  Attention/physiology  Pupil/physiology  attention  eye-tracking technology  preschool  pupil Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Attenuated social attention has been described as a reduced preference for social compared to geometric motion in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The locus coeruleus-norpinephrine (LC-NE) system modulates sensory reactivity and is a promising underlying mechanism. LC-NE activity is indexed by a stimulus-evoked pupillary response (SEPR) and partially by a luminance-adaptation pupillary response (LAPR), which were both shown to be aberrant in ASD. We examined whether SEPR and LAPR explain an attenuated social motion preference. We applied pupillometry via video-based eye tracking in young children (18-65 months) with ASD (n = 57) and typically developing (TD) children (n = 39) during a preferential looking paradigm of competing social and geometric motion and a changing light condition paradigm. We found an attenuated social motion preference in the ASD compared to the TD group. This was accompanied by atypical pupillometry showing a smaller SEPR to social motion, a larger SEPR to geometric motion and a reduced LAPR to a dark screen. SEPR but not LAPR explained the group difference in social motion preference. An ASD diagnosis was statistically predicted by the social motion preference, while this effect was mediated by the inclusion of SEPR to geometric and social motion. Our findings suggest a decreased sensory reactivity to social and increased reactivity to non-social motion in ASD, which may concurrently contribute to an attenuated social attention. The LC-NE system is supported as a promising underlying mechanism of altered social attention in young children with ASD, while the specificity of findings remains to be addressed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2818 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=488 [article] Pupillometric measures of altered stimulus-evoked locus coeruleus-norepinephrine activity explain attenuated social attention in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Leonie POLZER, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Nico BAST, Auteur . - p.2167-2180. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-11 (November 2022) . - p.2167-2180 Mots-clés : Child  Humans  Child, Preschool  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Locus Coeruleus  Norepinephrine  Attention/physiology  Pupil/physiology  attention  eye-tracking technology  preschool  pupil Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Attenuated social attention has been described as a reduced preference for social compared to geometric motion in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The locus coeruleus-norpinephrine (LC-NE) system modulates sensory reactivity and is a promising underlying mechanism. LC-NE activity is indexed by a stimulus-evoked pupillary response (SEPR) and partially by a luminance-adaptation pupillary response (LAPR), which were both shown to be aberrant in ASD. We examined whether SEPR and LAPR explain an attenuated social motion preference. We applied pupillometry via video-based eye tracking in young children (18-65 months) with ASD (n = 57) and typically developing (TD) children (n = 39) during a preferential looking paradigm of competing social and geometric motion and a changing light condition paradigm. We found an attenuated social motion preference in the ASD compared to the TD group. This was accompanied by atypical pupillometry showing a smaller SEPR to social motion, a larger SEPR to geometric motion and a reduced LAPR to a dark screen. SEPR but not LAPR explained the group difference in social motion preference. An ASD diagnosis was statistically predicted by the social motion preference, while this effect was mediated by the inclusion of SEPR to geometric and social motion. Our findings suggest a decreased sensory reactivity to social and increased reactivity to non-social motion in ASD, which may concurrently contribute to an attenuated social attention. The LC-NE system is supported as a promising underlying mechanism of altered social attention in young children with ASD, while the specificity of findings remains to be addressed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2818 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=488

Repetitive Behavior in Children and Adolescents: Psychometric Properties of the German Version of the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised / Isabella S. KÄSTEL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-4 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-4 (April 2021) . - p.1224-1237 Titre : Repetitive Behavior in Children and Adolescents: Psychometric Properties of the German Version of the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Isabella S. KÄSTEL, Auteur ; Leonora VLLASALIU, Auteur ; Sophia WELLNITZ, Auteur ; Hannah CHOLEMKERY, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Nico BAST, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1224-1237 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Factor structure  Reliability  Repetitive behavior scale-revised  Restricted and repetitive behavior  Validity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Restricted repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are a core feature of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and further occur in intellectual disability (ID), mental disorders (MD), and in typically developed people (TD). There is a need of a valid and reliable measure to record RRBs as transdiagnostic symptom, which captures RRBs heterogeneity and evaluates severity. The Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R) is an established screening instrument for RRBs, but was predominantly limited to ASD samples. We examined the psychometric properties of the German version of the RBS-R in 948 participants with ASD, ID, MD and TD aged 4 to 17 years. The suitability was proofed delivering a four-factor solution, good internal consistency, external validity as well as group, age, and sex effects. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04588-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445 [article] Repetitive Behavior in Children and Adolescents: Psychometric Properties of the German Version of the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Isabella S. KÄSTEL, Auteur ; Leonora VLLASALIU, Auteur ; Sophia WELLNITZ, Auteur ; Hannah CHOLEMKERY, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Nico BAST, Auteur . - p.1224-1237. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-4 (April 2021) . - p.1224-1237 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Factor structure  Reliability  Repetitive behavior scale-revised  Restricted and repetitive behavior  Validity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Restricted repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are a core feature of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and further occur in intellectual disability (ID), mental disorders (MD), and in typically developed people (TD). There is a need of a valid and reliable measure to record RRBs as transdiagnostic symptom, which captures RRBs heterogeneity and evaluates severity. The Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R) is an established screening instrument for RRBs, but was predominantly limited to ASD samples. We examined the psychometric properties of the German version of the RBS-R in 948 participants with ASD, ID, MD and TD aged 4 to 17 years. The suitability was proofed delivering a four-factor solution, good internal consistency, external validity as well as group, age, and sex effects. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04588-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445

Saccade dysmetria indicates attenuated visual exploration in autism spectrum disorder / Nico BAST in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-2 (February 2021)  

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The Revised Children's Communication Checklist-2 (CCC-R): Factor Structure and Psychometric Evaluation / Sophia A. C. WELLNITZ in Autism Research, 14-4 (April 2021)  

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