Investigating associations between birth order and autism diagnostic phenotypes / Gail A. ALVARES in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-8 (August 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-8 (August 2021) . - p.961-970 Titre : Investigating associations between birth order and autism diagnostic phenotypes Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; M. K. LICARI, Auteur ; P. G. STEVENSON, Auteur ; Keely BEBBINGTON, Auteur ; Matthew N. COOPER, Auteur ; E. J. GLASSON, Auteur ; D. W. TAN, Auteur ; M. ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Kandice J. VARCIN, Auteur ; J. WRAY, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.961-970 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology  Autistic Disorder  Birth Order  Child, Preschool  Female  Humans  Male  Phenotype  Prospective Studies  Autism spectrum disorder  diagnosis  first birth  intellectual disability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Birth order effects have been linked to variability in intelligence, educational attainment and sexual orientation. First- and later-born children have been linked to an increased likelihood of an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnosis, with a smaller body of evidence implicating decreases in cognitive functioning with increased birth order. The present study investigated the potential association between birth order and ASD diagnostic phenotypes in a large and representative population sample. METHODS: Data were obtained from an ongoing prospective diagnostic registry, collected between 1999 and 2017, including children (1-18 years of age, n = 5,404) diagnosed with ASD in the state of Western Australia. Children with ASD were ranked relative to sibling's birth to establish birth order within families at time of ASD diagnosis. Information reported to the registry by health professionals at the time of diagnostic evaluation included demographic and family characteristics, functional abilities and intellectual capacity. RESULTS: Adaptive functioning and intelligence scores decreased with increasing birth order, with later-born children more likely to have an intellectual disability. Compared to first-born children with siblings, first-born children without siblings at the time of diagnosis also exhibited decreased cognitive functioning. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate for the first time an association between increasing birth order and variability in ASD clinical phenotypes at diagnosis, with potential evidence of reproductive curtailment in children without siblings. Taken together, these findings have significant implications for advancing understanding about the potential mechanisms that contribute to heterogeneity in ASD clinical presentations as a function of birth order and family size. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13349 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456 [article] Investigating associations between birth order and autism diagnostic phenotypes [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; M. K. LICARI, Auteur ; P. G. STEVENSON, Auteur ; Keely BEBBINGTON, Auteur ; Matthew N. COOPER, Auteur ; E. J. GLASSON, Auteur ; D. W. TAN, Auteur ; M. ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Kandice J. VARCIN, Auteur ; J. WRAY, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur . - p.961-970. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-8 (August 2021) . - p.961-970 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology  Autistic Disorder  Birth Order  Child, Preschool  Female  Humans  Male  Phenotype  Prospective Studies  Autism spectrum disorder  diagnosis  first birth  intellectual disability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Birth order effects have been linked to variability in intelligence, educational attainment and sexual orientation. First- and later-born children have been linked to an increased likelihood of an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnosis, with a smaller body of evidence implicating decreases in cognitive functioning with increased birth order. The present study investigated the potential association between birth order and ASD diagnostic phenotypes in a large and representative population sample. METHODS: Data were obtained from an ongoing prospective diagnostic registry, collected between 1999 and 2017, including children (1-18 years of age, n = 5,404) diagnosed with ASD in the state of Western Australia. Children with ASD were ranked relative to sibling's birth to establish birth order within families at time of ASD diagnosis. Information reported to the registry by health professionals at the time of diagnostic evaluation included demographic and family characteristics, functional abilities and intellectual capacity. RESULTS: Adaptive functioning and intelligence scores decreased with increasing birth order, with later-born children more likely to have an intellectual disability. Compared to first-born children with siblings, first-born children without siblings at the time of diagnosis also exhibited decreased cognitive functioning. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate for the first time an association between increasing birth order and variability in ASD clinical phenotypes at diagnosis, with potential evidence of reproductive curtailment in children without siblings. Taken together, these findings have significant implications for advancing understanding about the potential mechanisms that contribute to heterogeneity in ASD clinical presentations as a function of birth order and family size. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13349 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456

The course and prognostic capability of motor difficulties in infants showing early signs of autism / M. K. LICARI in Autism Research, 14-8 (August 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1759-1768 Titre : The course and prognostic capability of motor difficulties in infants showing early signs of autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. K. LICARI, Auteur ; Kandice J. VARCIN, Auteur ; K. HUDRY, Auteur ; H. C. LEONARD, Auteur ; Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; S. V. PILLAR, Auteur ; P. G. STEVENSON, Auteur ; Matthew N. COOPER, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1759-1768 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Humans  Infant  Motor Skills  Prognosis  Prospective Studies  early identification  infancy  motor skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Delays within the motor domain are often overlooked as an early surveillance marker for autism. The present study evaluated motor difficulties and its potential as an early predictive marker for later autism likelihood in a cohort of infants (N = 96) showing early behavioral signs of autism aged 9-14?months. The motor domain was evaluated using the motor subscales of the Mullen Scales of Early Learning at baseline, and at a 6-month follow-up. The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule - Toddler Module (ADOS-T) was completed at follow-up as a measure of autism likelihood. Motor difficulties were common at baseline, with 63/96 (65.6%) infants scoring very low or below average in the gross motor domain and 29/96 (30.2%) in the fine motor domain. At follow-up, gross motor difficulties had resolved for many, with 23/63 (36.5%) infants maintaining these difficulties. Fine motor difficulties resolved in fewer infants, with 20/29 (69.0%) continuing to present with fine motor delays at follow-up. Adjusted linear regression models suggested that fine motor scores at baseline (? = -0.12, SE = 0.04) and follow-up (? = -0.17, SE = 0.05) were associated with higher ADOS-T scores; with difficulties across both timepoints (? = 5.60, SE = 1.35) the strongest (largest in magnitude) association with ADOS-T scores of the predictors examined. Motor difficulties are prominent in children displaying emerging signs of autism, with persistent fine motor difficulties predictive of the developing autism phenotype. The findings indicate the potential clinical value of including evaluation of motor skills within early autism surveillance measures. LAY SUMMARY: This prospective study evaluated motor development over a 6-month period in infants showing early behavioral signs of autism. Atypical motor development was a common feature of infants showing early signs of autism and persistent fine motor difficulties were predictive of the emerging autism phenotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2545 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 [article] The course and prognostic capability of motor difficulties in infants showing early signs of autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. K. LICARI, Auteur ; Kandice J. VARCIN, Auteur ; K. HUDRY, Auteur ; H. C. LEONARD, Auteur ; Gail A. ALVARES, Auteur ; S. V. PILLAR, Auteur ; P. G. STEVENSON, Auteur ; Matthew N. COOPER, Auteur ; Andrew J. O. WHITEHOUSE, Auteur . - p.1759-1768. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-8 (August 2021) . - p.1759-1768 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Humans  Infant  Motor Skills  Prognosis  Prospective Studies  early identification  infancy  motor skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Delays within the motor domain are often overlooked as an early surveillance marker for autism. The present study evaluated motor difficulties and its potential as an early predictive marker for later autism likelihood in a cohort of infants (N = 96) showing early behavioral signs of autism aged 9-14?months. The motor domain was evaluated using the motor subscales of the Mullen Scales of Early Learning at baseline, and at a 6-month follow-up. The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule - Toddler Module (ADOS-T) was completed at follow-up as a measure of autism likelihood. Motor difficulties were common at baseline, with 63/96 (65.6%) infants scoring very low or below average in the gross motor domain and 29/96 (30.2%) in the fine motor domain. At follow-up, gross motor difficulties had resolved for many, with 23/63 (36.5%) infants maintaining these difficulties. Fine motor difficulties resolved in fewer infants, with 20/29 (69.0%) continuing to present with fine motor delays at follow-up. Adjusted linear regression models suggested that fine motor scores at baseline (? = -0.12, SE = 0.04) and follow-up (? = -0.17, SE = 0.05) were associated with higher ADOS-T scores; with difficulties across both timepoints (? = 5.60, SE = 1.35) the strongest (largest in magnitude) association with ADOS-T scores of the predictors examined. Motor difficulties are prominent in children displaying emerging signs of autism, with persistent fine motor difficulties predictive of the developing autism phenotype. The findings indicate the potential clinical value of including evaluation of motor skills within early autism surveillance measures. LAY SUMMARY: This prospective study evaluated motor development over a 6-month period in infants showing early behavioral signs of autism. Atypical motor development was a common feature of infants showing early signs of autism and persistent fine motor difficulties were predictive of the emerging autism phenotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2545 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449

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