Age differences in broader autism phenotype traits from young adulthood to older adulthood / William J. CHOPIK in Autism Research, 14-7 (July 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-7 (July 2021) . - p.1456-1471 Titre : Age differences in broader autism phenotype traits from young adulthood to older adulthood Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : William J. CHOPIK, Auteur ; Jeewon OH, Auteur ; Amy K. NUTTALL, Auteur ; Katharine N. THAKKAR, Auteur ; Brooke R. INGERSOLL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1456-1471 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Aged  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Cross-Sectional Studies  Female  Humans  Male  Middle Aged  Phenotype  Surveys and Questionnaires  Young Adult  age differences  autism spectrum disorders  broader autism phenotype  lifespan development  personality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Much of past research has been dedicated to refining the operationalization and correlates of the broader autism phenotype (BAP) and less on how the BAP differs by socio-demographic characteristics, like age-particularly after midlife. This gap is important because other nonclinical trait-like characteristics (e.g., personality) have shown considerable age differences, leading to work assessing the malleability of psychological characteristics and improving outcomes for individuals and their significant others. In the current study, we examined cross-sectional age differences in the BAP in a large sample of adults ranging in age from 18 to 85. We recruited a sample of 2966 adults ranging in age from 18 to 85 (M(age) = 36.53, SD = 12.61; 58.9% Female; 1.1% with an ASD diagnosis) recruited from an online survey service. We found that total BAP scores were higher in younger adults and lower among older adults. These differences were particularly true for pragmatic language difficulties, with this component of the BAP showing the most dramatic age differences. Aloofness showed similar negative associations with age, albeit much smaller. Rigidity was not significantly associated with age. The results are consistent with other research showing an abatement of symptoms among individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) across early life and theories predicting changes in other psychological characteristics (e.g., personality). The results are discussed in the context of the malleability of ASD and BAP traits across life, the clinical implications of these changes, and the origins and consequences for lifespan differences in BAP. LAY SUMMARY: Little is known about how subclinical autistic-like traits among middle-aged and older adults compare to younger adults. We found that these subclinical traits were highest in young adults and lowest in older adults. Knowing how these traits differ by age can provide researchers and clinicians with a sense of how much these traits might change across life, if the traits might be sensitive to interventions, and when in development it might be best to intervene. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2504 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 [article] Age differences in broader autism phenotype traits from young adulthood to older adulthood [texte imprimé] / William J. CHOPIK, Auteur ; Jeewon OH, Auteur ; Amy K. NUTTALL, Auteur ; Katharine N. THAKKAR, Auteur ; Brooke R. INGERSOLL, Auteur . - p.1456-1471. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-7 (July 2021) . - p.1456-1471 Mots-clés : Adult  Aged  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Cross-Sectional Studies  Female  Humans  Male  Middle Aged  Phenotype  Surveys and Questionnaires  Young Adult  age differences  autism spectrum disorders  broader autism phenotype  lifespan development  personality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Much of past research has been dedicated to refining the operationalization and correlates of the broader autism phenotype (BAP) and less on how the BAP differs by socio-demographic characteristics, like age-particularly after midlife. This gap is important because other nonclinical trait-like characteristics (e.g., personality) have shown considerable age differences, leading to work assessing the malleability of psychological characteristics and improving outcomes for individuals and their significant others. In the current study, we examined cross-sectional age differences in the BAP in a large sample of adults ranging in age from 18 to 85. We recruited a sample of 2966 adults ranging in age from 18 to 85 (M(age) = 36.53, SD = 12.61; 58.9% Female; 1.1% with an ASD diagnosis) recruited from an online survey service. We found that total BAP scores were higher in younger adults and lower among older adults. These differences were particularly true for pragmatic language difficulties, with this component of the BAP showing the most dramatic age differences. Aloofness showed similar negative associations with age, albeit much smaller. Rigidity was not significantly associated with age. The results are consistent with other research showing an abatement of symptoms among individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) across early life and theories predicting changes in other psychological characteristics (e.g., personality). The results are discussed in the context of the malleability of ASD and BAP traits across life, the clinical implications of these changes, and the origins and consequences for lifespan differences in BAP. LAY SUMMARY: Little is known about how subclinical autistic-like traits among middle-aged and older adults compare to younger adults. We found that these subclinical traits were highest in young adults and lowest in older adults. Knowing how these traits differ by age can provide researchers and clinicians with a sense of how much these traits might change across life, if the traits might be sensitive to interventions, and when in development it might be best to intervene. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2504 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449

Investigating Motor Preparation in Autism Spectrum Disorder With and Without Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder / Marta MIGO in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-6 (June 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-6 (June 2022) . - p.2379-2387 Titre : Investigating Motor Preparation in Autism Spectrum Disorder With and Without Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Marta MIGO, Auteur ; Sylvia B. GUILLORY, Auteur ; Christopher S. MCLAUGHLIN, Auteur ; Emily L. ISENSTEIN, Auteur ; Hannah E. GROSMAN, Auteur ; Katharine N. THAKKAR, Auteur ; Francisco Xavier CASTELLANOS, Auteur ; Jennifer H. FOSS-FEIG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2379-2387 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  Eeg  Lateralized readiness potential (LRP)  Motor preparation  Prediction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated motor preparation and action-consequence prediction using the lateralized readiness potential (LRP). Motor impairments are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which commonly co-occur. Alterations in predictive processes may impact motor planning. Whether motor planning deficits are characteristic of ASD broadly or magnified in the context of co-morbid ADHD is unclear. ASD children with (ASD+ADHD; n=12) and without (ASD?-?ADHD; n=9) comorbid ADHD and typical controls (n=29) performed voluntary motor actions that either did or did not result in auditory consequences. ASD?-?ADHD children demonstrated LRP enhancement when their action produced an effect while ASD+ADHD children had attenuated responses regardless of action-effect pairings. Findings suggest influence of ADHD comorbidity on motor preparation and prediction in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05130-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=474 [article] Investigating Motor Preparation in Autism Spectrum Disorder With and Without Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder [texte imprimé] / Marta MIGO, Auteur ; Sylvia B. GUILLORY, Auteur ; Christopher S. MCLAUGHLIN, Auteur ; Emily L. ISENSTEIN, Auteur ; Hannah E. GROSMAN, Auteur ; Katharine N. THAKKAR, Auteur ; Francisco Xavier CASTELLANOS, Auteur ; Jennifer H. FOSS-FEIG, Auteur . - p.2379-2387. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-6 (June 2022) . - p.2379-2387 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  Eeg  Lateralized readiness potential (LRP)  Motor preparation  Prediction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated motor preparation and action-consequence prediction using the lateralized readiness potential (LRP). Motor impairments are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which commonly co-occur. Alterations in predictive processes may impact motor planning. Whether motor planning deficits are characteristic of ASD broadly or magnified in the context of co-morbid ADHD is unclear. ASD children with (ASD+ADHD; n=12) and without (ASD?-?ADHD; n=9) comorbid ADHD and typical controls (n=29) performed voluntary motor actions that either did or did not result in auditory consequences. ASD?-?ADHD children demonstrated LRP enhancement when their action produced an effect while ASD+ADHD children had attenuated responses regardless of action-effect pairings. Findings suggest influence of ADHD comorbidity on motor preparation and prediction in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05130-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=474

The dynamics of social gaze: Visual attention and autonomic arousal among individuals with varying levels of autistic traits / Serena DESTEFANI in Research in Autism, 131 (March 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism > 131 (March 2026) . - 202821 Titre : The dynamics of social gaze: Visual attention and autonomic arousal among individuals with varying levels of autistic traits Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Serena DESTEFANI, Auteur ; Scott D. BLAIN, Auteur ; Jacob D. KRAFT, Auteur ; Laura LOCARNO, Auteur ; Kelly MATHIS, Auteur ; Carly A. LASAGNA, Auteur ; Costanza COLOMBI, Auteur ; Cynthia Z. BURTON, Auteur ; Jessica A. TURNER, Auteur ; Katharine N. THAKKAR, Auteur ; Ivy F. TSO, Auteur Article en page(s) : 202821 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic traits  Eye tracking  Gaze detection Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Accurate gaze detection is fundamental to social interactions and is impaired in individuals with higher levels of autistic traits. One mechanism is reduced attention to the eyes, but the reasons behind this atypical behavior remain debated. This study investigated whether reduced attention to the eyes associated with autistic traits stems from aversion or indifference. One hundred and twenty-seven adolescents and young adults with varying levels of autistic traits completed a gaze direction task while their eye position and pupil size were recorded. Higher levels of autistic traits were associated with reduced dwell time on the eye region after, but not before, gaze direction judgments, indicating reduced attention when it was not task-relevant. Autistic traits were associated with more frequent exits and re-entries from/to the eye region after judgments, indicating less stable social engagement. Additionally, autistic traits were not associated with enlarged pupillary responses, indicating no heightened arousal expected with aversion. These findings demonstrate reduced sustained engagement with the eyes among individuals with higher levels of autistic traits, consistent with indifference rather than aversion. The temporal specificity—emerging primarily after task completion—helps reconcile contradictory literature findings. Results suggest interventions should focus on enhancing sustained social engagement rather than addressing aversion. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reia.2026.202821 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=581 [article] The dynamics of social gaze: Visual attention and autonomic arousal among individuals with varying levels of autistic traits [texte imprimé] / Serena DESTEFANI, Auteur ; Scott D. BLAIN, Auteur ; Jacob D. KRAFT, Auteur ; Laura LOCARNO, Auteur ; Kelly MATHIS, Auteur ; Carly A. LASAGNA, Auteur ; Costanza COLOMBI, Auteur ; Cynthia Z. BURTON, Auteur ; Jessica A. TURNER, Auteur ; Katharine N. THAKKAR, Auteur ; Ivy F. TSO, Auteur . - 202821. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism > 131 (March 2026) . - 202821 Mots-clés : Autistic traits  Eye tracking  Gaze detection Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Accurate gaze detection is fundamental to social interactions and is impaired in individuals with higher levels of autistic traits. One mechanism is reduced attention to the eyes, but the reasons behind this atypical behavior remain debated. This study investigated whether reduced attention to the eyes associated with autistic traits stems from aversion or indifference. One hundred and twenty-seven adolescents and young adults with varying levels of autistic traits completed a gaze direction task while their eye position and pupil size were recorded. Higher levels of autistic traits were associated with reduced dwell time on the eye region after, but not before, gaze direction judgments, indicating reduced attention when it was not task-relevant. Autistic traits were associated with more frequent exits and re-entries from/to the eye region after judgments, indicating less stable social engagement. Additionally, autistic traits were not associated with enlarged pupillary responses, indicating no heightened arousal expected with aversion. These findings demonstrate reduced sustained engagement with the eyes among individuals with higher levels of autistic traits, consistent with indifference rather than aversion. The temporal specificity—emerging primarily after task completion—helps reconcile contradictory literature findings. Results suggest interventions should focus on enhancing sustained social engagement rather than addressing aversion. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reia.2026.202821 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=581

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